A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |

A

Acacia nilotica 104 Acanthocobitis botia 69-72 Accidental spill 140 Acid rain 8, 316 Acidification 3, 321 Acidity 193,212, 216 Acrostichum 90 Actinomycetes 81, 82 Activated sludge process 325 Actual evapotranspiration 294 Aerated lagoons 325 Aeration of sediment 331 Aeration of water 331 Aerobic process 39 Aeromonas hydrophila 317, 318 Aesthetic values 198 Aestivation 198 Afforestation 38 Agrahara 264 Agricultural    activity 234    consumption 216    field 273    run-off 89 Agriculture 11, 12, 16, 17, 210 Ailia coila 67-72 Air pollutant 149, 316 Air quality modelling 149 Air quality monitoring 149 Alagudukere 184 Alatospora acuminata 84 Albuminoid ammonia 171, 176, 179 Albuminoid nitrogen 173, 177, 180 Algal bloom 35, 57, 101, 170, 192, 199, 332, 359

Alkaline effluents 236 Alkaline phosphatase 317 Alkalinity 161-163, 171, 176, 179, 193, 195, 212, 213, 216, 232, 235, 236, 245 Allotrophy 330 Alternantha sessiles 80 Aluminium sulphate (alum) 331, 332 Ambale 265 Ambient air quality standards 149 Ambltpharyngodon mola 41,67- 69, 72, 317 Ammonia 39, 42, 202 Ammonia removal 324 Ammoniacal nitrogen 245, 249 Amphibians 198, 347 Amphipoda 313, 314 Amritsar formula 297 Amruthalli lake 212 Anabaena 57 Anabas testudineus 318 Anaerobic condition 102, 331, 332 Anaerobic digestion 39 Anchored floating vegetation 101 Anchoviella 91 Anguillospora longissima 84 Anguillospora sp. 84 Anisoptera 314 Annelida 90 Anthropogenic activities 14, 89, 140, 198, 302 Anthropogenic stress 14, 89

Aorichthys aor 71, 317 Aorichthys seenghala 67-69, 72 APHA 194, 212, 235, 236 Aphanizomenon 7 Aphanomyces sp 317 Aquaculture 333 Aquatic biota 314 flatworms 303 hyphomycetes 81, 82 insects 193 macrophyte 78, 302, 303, 318 plants 168, 192, 309 Aquatic treatment system 196 Arasanakere 184 Ardeola groyii 200 Areca catechew. L. 81 Argentometric method 212 Aristichthys nobilis 58 Arkavathi 244 Arthropoda 90 Artificial impoundment 140 Artificial lakes 344 Artificial wetlands 38 Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam 81 Ashtamudi 202 Aspidoparia morar 68-71 Atmospheric nitrogen fixation 263 Atomic absorption spectrophotometer 236 Autotrophy 330 Avalakandalli 265 Avicennia 90, 102, 104 Azolla pinnata 78, 79

B

B.R.Hills 264 Bacillariophyceae 90, 242 Backwaters 12, 167 Bacteria 318 Bacterial pollution 192 Badis badis 70 Bagarius bagarius 67, 69 Baleswar 66 Balitora brucei 69 - 71 Bambusa arundinacea Willd. 81 Bangalore 4, 211, 226 Bannergatta lake 14 Bannisarge 265 Bannuru 184 Bar charts 304 Barak Nadi Salchapra Anua Beel 78 Barak valley 78 Barilius barala 67, 68, 71 Barilius barna 68, 69 Barilius shacra 68, 70- 72 Barilius tileo 69, 70 Barilius vagra 68-72 Barrier Islands 89 Barringtonia 104 Basavapura 265 Batasio batasio 68, 71 Batasio tengana 68 Bathymetric analysis 212, 234, 235

Bays 89 Bedrock 309 Belikere 326 Bellandur lake 4, 226, 227 Beltrania rhombica 84 Benthic macroinvertebrates 302, 303 Benthic Metrices 302, 304 Best Management Practices 18, 213, 214 Bicarbonates 183, 184, 206, 236 Billikere 183 Bingo stognotilis 200 Bioaccumulation 359 Bioassessment 302 Bio-chemical parameters 170-180 Biodiversity 49, 321 Biodiversity management 52 Biogas 116 Biogas digesters 325 Biogeochemical fluxes 15 Biological assessment 303 control 354 diversity 347 Monitoring Working Party 304 oxygen demand (BOD) 38, 44, 45, 171, 176, 179, 182-184, 195, 235, 245

parameters 210 productivity 11 treatment 323 Biomanipulation 57 Biotic Index 302, 304 Biotite gneiss 253 Bivalves 90, 314 Bivariate scatter plots 304 Bleaching 23 Blue green algae 245, 325 BOD5 reduction 323 BOD3 232 Bogs 10, 12, 210, 325, 347 Borewell water 158 Boron 245, 249 Botia dario 68 -70 Botia rostrata 69 Box and wisker plots 304 Brick making 49, 52, 228 Bruguiera 90,104 Bryophytes 352 Bubulcus ibis 200 Buditittu 265 Buffer characteristics 16 Built-up land 238 Bulrush 325 Bureau of Indian Standards 262

C

Cadmium 202, 245, 249 Calc-gneiss 253 Calcium 14, 15, 182-184, 195, 212, 216, 235, 236, 242 Calcium hardness 245, 249 Calcium hydroxide 331 Calibration of the hydrodynamic model 26 Calophyllum inophylum 104 Camposporium antennuatum 84 Camposporium pellucidum 84 Canal irrigation system 252 Canal recharge 296 Canals 12, 30 Carbohydrates 173, 177, 180 Carbon adsorption 324 Carbon dioxide 39, 171, 176, 179 Carbonates 183, 184, 206, 236 Catchment area 4, 31, 33, 36, 50, 116, 210, 235, 361 Catchment management 321 Catchment runoff 28 Catchment yield 235 Catla 41, 58, 59, 317 Catla catla 41, 67, 68 Cattails 23, 38, 325 Centralised water supply and management 322 Cerbera manghas 104 Ceriops 104 Chaca chaca 67, 68 Chaetognaths 90 Chagunius chagunio 71 Chamalapura 265 Chanda 41 Chanda nama 41, 68-72 Prambassis ranga 68 Changachahalli 265 Channa punctatus 68, 69, 70, 72, 317, 318 Channa sp 71 Channa striata 69, 318 Channel dimensions 302 gradient 302 size 302 structure 302 substance 302 type 302 Channel-riparian interaction 302 Charnockites 253, 261 Chatla Haor 78 Chaturvedi formula 298 Chela laubuca 68, 70

Chelating agent 360 Chemical    fertilisers 273    oxidation 324    Oxygen Demand (COD) 15, 44, 45, 171, 176, 179, 182-184, 195, 232, 235, 245    precipitation 323 Chhimtuipui 66 Chilka lake 353 Chiri 66 Chironomidae 307, 314 Chitala chitala 67 Chittenahallikere 184 Chloramphenicol 317 Chloride 14, 35, 44, 45, 171, 176, 179, 195, 206, 212, 216, 235, 236, 242, 245 Chlorinity 202 Chlorococcales 172, 325 Chlorophyceae 90, 245, 249, 325 Chlorophyll 173, 177, 180 Cholisa fasciata 70 Choudanahallikere 184 Chromium 15, 195, 245, 249 Chromosome morphology 208 Chromosome number 207 Chronic inflammatory cell infiltration 319 Chrysophyceae 90 Cichlid fishes 57 Ciconia cinonia 51 Ciconia episcopus 51 Cirrhinus mrigala 41, 67, 68, 70, 72, 317 Cirrhinus reba 68, 69, 72 Citizen groups 16 Citrobacter 173 Cladocera 90 Clams 204 Clarias batrachas 317, 318 Clay 309 Clear lake 359 Clerodendron Closterium lunula 172 Clupeids 90 Clupisoma garua 67, 68, 70 Cluster analysis 277 Cluster dendrogram 304 Coagulation 332 Coastal wetland 10, 12, 23, 52 Cobble 309 Cocos nucifera L., 81 Co-efficient of run-off 235 Coelenterata 90

Colchicine 207 Coleoptera 307, 313, 314 Coliform number 36 Coliform Organism 44 Colisa lalia 72 Colour 216, 232, 235 Commercial wastes117 Compost 263 Conductivity 245, 249, 318 Conductivity meter 235 Conidia 81 Conservation 10, 50, 241, 321 Conservation strategies 49 Constructed wetland 38, 323-325 Consumables 338 Contamination 321 Convection 140 Convective transport 141 Coot 34 Copepoda 90 Copper 202, 235, 245, 249 Cormorants 102 Corrosivity ratio 262, 277, 278 Corydalidae 314 Cosmarium margaritatum 172 Coteb Egret 200 Crabs 91, 198 Crane 200 Crangids 91 Crassostrea madrasensis 202-205 Crassostrea virginica 205 Creek 108, 110 Critical national capital 337 Crocuses 354 Crossocheilus latius latius 69 - 72 Crossochelius burmanicus 70, 71 Crustaceans 193, 307, 347 Ctenopharyngodon idella 41 Culcidae 314 Cumulative frequency diagram 304 Cyanide 232 Cyanobacteria 7, 57, 191 Cyanophyceae 90 Cymbella sps.172 Cynodon dactylon 78, 80 Cyperus platystylis 80 Cyprinid 57 Cyprinus carpio 41 Cytogenetics 208

D

Dadadahallikere 183 Dakshina Pinakini 244 Dalavayikere 183 Dalvoi lake 170 Damaging land use practices 226 Danio aequipinnatus 67- 71 Danio naganensis 71 Dasanahally 264 Database operations 212 Data Integration 302, 304 Decapoda 313, 314 Decentralisation 321 Decentralised waste management 322, 327 Defluoridation 157 Delphiniums 354 Deltas 167, 351 Denitrification 324 Denitrifying bacteria 39 Dental Fluorosis 157

Dentric type 227 Deoxygenated soils 101 Derris 90 Desiltation 37, 360 Desmids 325 Destratification 331 Detergents 47 Devanahally 265 Development activities 49, 321 Dhaleswari 66 Diatoms 172, 325 Diffusion coefficient 144 Diffusion-dispersion coefficient 141 Diploid number 207 Diptera 307, 313 Disinfection methods 324 Displacement of non-interacting solute 140 Dissolution coefficient 263 Dissolved organic matter 325

Dissolved oxygen 14, 35, 81, 82, 84, 171, 176, 179, 202, 206, 212, 216, 235, 236, 191, 192, 195, 242, 245, 249, 318 Dissolved solids 212, 235, 236 Diversity indices 118 Doddakere (H.D. Kote) 183 Doddakere (Periyapatna) 184 Dolerite intrusions 261 Domestic consumption 216 Domestic sewage 117, 343 Domestic sewage disposal 89 Doneen's permeability index 279 Drainage pattern 227 Droughts 350 Dry chloride deposition 297 Ducks 102 Duckweed 326, 352 Duggahatti 265 Dyeing 228 Dystrophy 330

E

E. acutangula 78 E. Coli 44, 317, 318 Echinochloa stagnina 78 - 80 Echinodermata 90 Ecological    changes 241    engineering 327    sensitivity 23    succession 325    sustainability 33, 210 Ecological sustenance 91 Economic development 315, 342 Economic event 336 Economic valuation 213 Ecorestoration 241 Ecosystem approach 315 Ecotones 324 Effective light penetration 329 Effluents 38 Egrets 24, 102 Eichhornia 168 Eichhornia crassipes 78, 79, 101, 194, 198 Electrical conductivity 212, 216, 235, 262, 263, 277, 278 Electron microscopic studies, 318 Eleocharis acutangula 78-80 Emergent macrophytes 325

Emergent vegetation 101 Encroachment 49, 50, 52, 246 Endangered species 347 Energy resource 11, 216 Enhydra fluctuans 80 Environment protection 51 Environmental    accounting 336    activism 316    auditing and reporting 304,336    degradation 315    education 316    impact assessment 323, 327, 322, 336    management 315, 323    policy 336    quality 315, 343    sanitation 342    Sound Technologies (ESTs) 321-328    sustainability 33    variables 206 Enzymology 319 Ephemeroptera 307, 313, 314 Epidermal degeneration 317 Epifaunal substrate 310 Epilimnion 329 Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome 317

Erekatte 183 Erethistes pussilus 70, 71 Eriochromecyanin R-method, 235 Erosion 347 Erosion checks 239 Erosion control 234 Estuaries 12, 51, 89, 167 Estuarine waters 93 Euglenaceae 172 Euglenoids 325 Euryale ferox 79 Eutrophication 3, 33, 57, 101, 191, 198, 199, 213, 214, 321, 333, 350 Eutrophy 330 Eutropiichthys murius 67, 68 Eutropiichthys vacha 67-69, 71 Evaporation 31, 37 Evapotranspiration 23, 31, 294, 296, 347 Evenness index 118 Excavation 11 Exostoma berdmorei 72 Experimental Lakes Area 5 Experimental Pollution Studies 5 Extinction 202

F

Fatty degeneration 319 Fauna 11, 15, 49 Fecal matters 59 Feeding measure 302, 306 Fens 12 Fertiliser 47, 116, 263 Ficus benghalensis L. 81 Field data collection 302 Filamentous algae 314 Filtration 23, 332 Final dispersion of solute 141 Financial information 336 Finite difference technique 140 Fish 11, 42, 66, 67, 91, 198, 210, 303, 314, 359

Fish cell line 317 Fish genetic resources 66 Fish kill 199, 348 Fishery 12, 17, 49, 273, 329 Fishing 10, 198, 210 Fixative 207 Flabellospora multiradiata 84 Flabellospora verticillata 84 Flagellospora curvula 84 Flagellospora penicilloides 84 Floating vegetation 101 Flocculation 323 Flood plains 12, 167, 351 Flooding 347

Flora 1, 15, 49 Flow velocity 144 Fluoride 157, 159, 235 Fodder 10 Forested wetlands 325 Free carbon dioxide 318 Freshwater fishes 317 Freshwater lakes 352 Freshwater marshes 89, 324 Fringe wetlands 347 Fuel 10, 110, 210 Fundulus spp. 15

G

Gagata cenia 68 Gagata gagata 68, 69 Gagata nangra 72 Gambusia affinis 15, 41 Gangavadi 265 Gangolli estuary 89 Ganiganur 265 Garbage vans 353 Garra annandalei 70, 71 Garra gotyla 68 - 71 Gastropoda 313, 314 Geese 45, 102 Genotype 202 Gentamycin 317 Geochemical pattern 277 Geographic Information Sciences 116, 130, 210-212 Geological control 261 Geometrical increase method 230 Ghagra 66 Gibbs paleoenvironment 277 Giemsa stain 203

Gkyptothorax striatus 69 Global climate change 3, 8, 342 Global positioning system (GPS) 122 Glossogobius giruris 68-72 Glossy ibis 51 Glycolic acid 173, 174, 177, 180 Glyptothorax cavia 71 Glyptothorax striatus 69 Glyptothorax telchitta 67-69, 71 Gneiss granite rocks 227 Gollamattapaya 93 Gomati 66 Goose root 352 Gowdahally 265 Grab sampling 202 Granites 228 Grass carp 41 Gravel 309 Gravimetric method 212 Great Crested Grebe 34 Grebes 102 Green manure 263

Greenhouse gases 337 Greenshank 102 Grey Wagtail 34 Groundwater 10, 158, 354 balance method 293 discharge 234 fluctuation 254, 293, 295 hardness 262, 263, 277 mining 354 pH 262 pollution 261 potential 252 potential estimation 252 quality 261, 277 recharge 11, 252, 293, 325, 333, 355 salinity 263, 277 Guava 216 Gudusia chapra 67, 69, 71 Gujrikere 199 Gulls 102 Gumballi 265

H

H.D. Kote 183 Habit measure 306 Habitat assessment 302, 304 complexity 302 cover 302 destruction 337 diversity 66 Haemoglobin 317 Haemotology 319 Halebeedukere 183 Hamsaladevi distributary 93 Handa's classification 262 Hardness 161, 162, 163, 206, 213, 279 Hazardous substances 117, 323 Hazardous waste management 116 Hbbalada katte 183 Heavy metals 14, 191, 202, 235, 245, 249 Hebbal tank 4, 18, 234 Heggadapurakere 183 Helicomyces sp. 84 Helicosporium sp. 84 Hemiptera 307, 313 Hemorrhage cutaneous ulcers 317 Hepatocytes 319 Hepatocytes with vacuolations 318

Heritiera 104 Heritiera littoralis 104 Herons 24, 102, 200 Herring Gull 34 Heteropneustes fossilis 69, 70, 317 Hibernation 198 Hibiscus tiliaceus 104 High density polyethylene (HDPE) 119 Hilsa ilisha 66, 67, 69 Hirudinea 307, 313, 314 Histochemistry 319 Histopathology 319 Homaloptera biliniata 70 Hornblende 253 Horticulture 17 Hospital waste 338 Hosur 265 Howrah 66 Human settlements 323 Human-induced eutrophication 191 Humic materials 206 Humidity 227 Hunsur 183 Hunting 49, 210 Hurricanes 350 Hybrid study 208

Hybrid water fluctuation method 293, 296 HYCH program 277 Hydraulic conductivity 252, 295 Hydrilla 168 Hydrilla verticillata 78, 79 Hydrodynamic conditions 23 dispersion 140, 141 dispersion coefficient 144 model 23, 29 parameters 93 processes 93 Hydrogen ions 193 Hydro-geological features 252 Hydrogeology 3 Hydrologic cycle 191, 342 Hydrologic modelling 131 Hydrological changes 321 Hydrological model 37 Hydrological similar units (HSUs) 131, 139 Hydrology 3, 15, 30, 234 Hydropower generation 12, 210 Hygrorhiza aristata 78 Hypolimnion 329 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix 41, 58, 67 Hypotonic treatment 207

I

Ibises 102 Ichthyo eutrophication 59 Ichthyofauna 66, 67 Ichthyological survey 66 Ichthyospecies diversity 66 Idols 246, 344 Indian Standard Specifications 210 Industrial production 12, 210 Industrial sewage disposal 89 Infiltration 31, 140 Infrastructure 343

Inland wetlands 12,/A>, 234 Inorganic ions 206 Inorganic phosphate 47 Insects 101, 198, 303, 347 In stream wetlands 309, 347 Inter-tidal 104 Inventory approach 337 Inverse modelling technique 293, 295 Ion exchange 324 Ionic strength 206

Ipomoea aquatica 78, 80 Ipomoea carnea 102 Iron 15, 202, 212, 235, 236 Iron chloride 331 Irrigation 10, 12, 14, 234, 352, 354 Isopoda 313, 314 Isotope and solute profile techniques 293 Isotopes 297 Isthmotricladia laeensis 84

J

Jatinga 66 Jheels 167

Jinahallikere 183 Jiri 66

Johnius coitor 71 Jussiaea repens 78, 80

K

Kaalamukke 202 Kaggalipurakere 184 Kalalekere 184 Kalanahundi 265 Kalbans 41 Kamakshipalya 14, 18 Kandelia 90 Karangikere 326 Karanjikere 183 Karnataka 49, 211 Karyotype analysis 202, 208

Karyptyping 203 Katakahal 66 Katelysia opima 204 Kavoorkere 199 Kestrel 34 Kesturu 264 Khondalites 253 Khowai 66 Kingfisher 102, 200 Kjeldahl Nitrogen 45

Klebsiella sp. 173, 317, 318 Kollam 202 Komaranapura 265 Krishna delta 93 Krishnapura 265 Kukkarahallikere 183 Kukkarahalli lake 170, 195, 326, 327, 184, 191, 195 Kuruburukere 184 Kushyara 66

L

Labeo calbasu 68, 70 Labeo gonius 68 Labeo kalbans 41 Labeo rohita 41, 68, 70, 317 Lactarius 91 Lactate Dehydrogenase 317 Lacustrine 347 Lady fish 91 Lagoons 89, 167, 351 Lake acidification 192, 193 Lake basins 351 Lake Constance 359 Lake deposits 352 Lake management 321 Lake seiches 234 Lakes 3, 234, 347 Lalbagh lake 359

Land cover analyses 116, 118 Land use 116 Land use change model (LuC) 130 Land use information 212 Landfills 140 Lange-Kuentzel-Kerr 8 Large Flamingo 34 Lead 15, 195, 202, 232, 245, 249 Leaf litter quantification 118, 119 Lemna minor 79 Lentic area 66 Lepidocephalus guntea 68, 70-72, 317 Lepidoptera 314 Lichen monitoring 353

Life - cycle assessment 337 Limestone 253 Limnetic zone 329 Limnology 3, 50, 241 Line graphs 304 Lingambudhi 183 Lingambudhikere 184 Lithology 252 Litter 117 Littoral zone 329 Livestock consumption 216 Livestock grazing 210 Logging activity 234 Longai 66 Lunulospora curvula 84 Lunulospora cymbiformis 84 Lymphocytes 317

M

Macaranga peltata Muell. Arg.81 Mackerel 90 Macro routing 118 Macro wastewater treatment methods 323 Macrobenthos 314 Macrognathus aral 317 Macrognathus pancalus 69 Macroinvertebrates 303, 314 Macrophyte dominated stage 191 Macrophytes 314 Macrophytic diversity 78 Macroscopic transport 140 Macrozoobenthos 302, 303 Maddur 265 Madhura 66 Madivala 23, 241 maESTro 322 Magnesium 14, 15, 182 - 184, 195, 212, 216, 235, 236, 242, 245, 249 Malli 41 Malligahally 264 Malpe estuary 89 Mambally 264 Management of Lakes 321 Management policy 342 Management Strategies 10 Mandakalli 273, 326 Mandya 277 Mangalore 199

Mangalore estuary 89 Manganese 202 Mangifera indica L. 81 Mangrove 12, 51, 52, 89, 93, 101, 102 Man-made wetlands 234 Mansagar lake 33 Manu 66 Mapping 212 Marsh Sandpiper 34, 200 Marshes 10, 12, 47, 101, 167, 210, 347 Mastacembelus armatus 68, 70 -72 Mastacembelus pancalus 69 Matric potential 294, 295 Mayarapalya 265 Mechanical aeration 23 Mechanical treatment 323 Medicinal plants 11, 210 Megaloptera 307, 313 Mellahalli 265 Mercury 202, 249 Mercury thermometer 212 Merismopedia tenuissima 172 Meritrix meritrix 204 Metamorphic gneisses 261 Meteorological information 227 Micro routing 119 Micro waste waster treatment methods 323

Microclimate 38 Microcystis 57, 58, 242, 245 Microcystis aeruginosa 58, 59, 172 Microcystis digestibility 57 Microorganisms 34, 198 Microphytes 35 Microphytobenthos 302, 303 Migmatites 253 Migratory birds 11, 34, 198, 359 Mineralization process 331 Mining activities 234 Mirror carp 41 Mizoram 66 Moisture retention curve 294 Molecular diffusion 141 Mollusca 90, 101, 303, 307 Mourala 41 Mrigal 41 Mud lifting 14, 49, 52 Mudflats 23, 89, 109 Muskrats 192 Mussels 193 Mycotic granulomatosis 317 Mystus bleekeri 68, 69, 72 Mystus cavasius 67-69, 71 Mystus occulatus 69 Mystus tengara 68, 72 Mystus vittatus 68 - 72, 317 Myxophyceae 172, 242

N

N. indicum 78 Nadimeru distributaries 93 Nangra nangra 67-69, 71, 72 Nangra viridescens 70 Natural resource management 16 Natural resources 342 Navicula rhomboides 172 Navicula sphaerophora 172 Navigation 12, 210 Nechamandra alternifolia 80 Necrosis 317 NEERI 210, 212 Nelumbo nucifera 78, 79 Nemacheilus sp. 68 Nematoda 90 Neolissochilus hexagonolepis 67-72 NGOs 321 Niche 191 Nickel 191, 195

Nitrate 14, 36, 42, 44, 45, 171, 176, 179, 182, 195, 202, 212, 216, 232, 235, 236, 245, 263, 273 Nitrification 324, 331 Nitrifying bacteria 39 Nitriloacetic acid (NTA) 360 Nitrite 44, 45, 202, 245, 249 Nitrogen 10, 195, 332 Nitrogen removal 324 Nodularia 57 Noechamandra alternifolia 78 Non-consumables 338 Non-financial information 337 Non-renewable natural capitals 337 Non-biodegradable solid wastes 108, 110 Non-biodegradable solid wastes asbestos 108 footwear 110

plastics 108 polystyrene 109, 110 polythene 108 synthetic rubber 108 thermocol 109 zinc batteries 108 Non-spatial water quality 16 Nostoc 57 Notopterus notopterus 68, 69, 71, 72, 317 Numerical simulation technique 140 Nutrients 7, 11, 15, 25,, 273 Nymphaea nouchali 78, 79 Nymphaea sp 78 Nymphoides cristatum 78, 79 Nymphoides indicum 79 Nymphoides sp 78 Nypa 104

O

O. mossambicus 59 O. niloticus 58 Odonata 307 Odour 213, 232 Oil Sardine 90 Oligochaeta 303, 307, 313, 314 Oligotrophy 330 Ompok bimaculatus 67-69, 72

Ompok pabo 68 One-dimensional partial differential equation 140 One-dimensional soil water flow model 293, 294 Organic compounds 14, 15, 116, 206 Oscillatoria 57

Osteobrama cotio 67-71 Ostracoda 90 Oxbow lakes 12 Oxidation ponds 325 Oxides of nitrogen 149 Oxygen deficiency 213, 331 Oyster 202 Ozone depletion 337 Ozone Layer 8

P

P/R ratio 245 Paddy 216 Padil Tank 199 Palustrine 347 Pandanus 51, 104 Pandavapura 277 Paphia malabarica 204 Papyrus 325 Parambassis ranga 69, 71, 72 Pathogen 15 Pegmatites 261 Pelecypoda 313 Pelican 102 Peptides 206 Perennial plants 354 Periphyton 101, 302, 303, 314 Peri-urban 116, 322 Permeability index 263 Pesticides 14, 140 pH 14, 44, 45, 81, 82, 84, 93, 61, 162, 163, 182, 195, 202, 212, 216, 232, 235, 236, 242, 245, 249, 318 pH meter 212, 235 Phalangispora constricta 84 Phenol di sulfonic acid method 212 Phenotype 202, 207 Phosphate 14, 36, 44, 45, 195, 212, 216, 235, 236, 245 Phosphorous 171, 176, 179, 195, 202, 332 Phosphorous precipitation 331 Phosphorous removal 323, 324 Photosynthesis 330 Phragmitis 40 Phragmitis australisis 38 Phycobiliproteins 170, 173 Phycocyanin 173, 177, 180

Physico-chemical parameters 170, 210 Phytoplankton 41, 42, 89, 170, 191, 242, 325, 352 Pie charts 304 Pigweed 352 Pintail 34 Piper's significant environment 279 Pisci-culture 326 Pisidonophis boro 70 Pistia 198 Pistia stratiotes 79 Plankton 302, 303, 332 Plankton diversity 241 Plastic bags 246 Plastic bottles 338 Plastic materials 112, 116, 117 Platyhelminthes 307, 314 Plecoptera 307, 313 Plegadis falcinellus 51 Pluvialis fulva 51 Poaching 49, 52 Pochards 34 Policies 343 Policy makers 16 Pollution 50, 359 Pollution of lakes 352 Polyamino carboxylates 206 Polychaeta 90, 307 Poly-chlorinated biphenyls 234 Polygonum flaccidum 79, 80 Polymorph 317 Polyploidy 208 Polysaccharides 173, 177, 180 Polyvinyl chloride 119 Pomfrets 91 Ponds 234, 353

Pondweed 352 Pongamia pinnata 104 Porosity 252, 297 Potable water 327 Potassium 14, 15, 212, 216, 235, 236 Prawns 91 Precipitation 234, 235, 253, 294 Prevention of water pollution Act 322 Pricing policy 343 Primary production 191 Principal component analysis 277 Productivity 198 Productivity stratification of lakes 330 Profoundal zone 329 Proteins 173, 177, 180 Proteus 172 Protozoa 90 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 317, 318 Psilorhynchus balitora 69, 71, 72 Psilorhynchus gracilis 70 Public awareness 343 Public interest groups 16 Puntinus conchonius 68 Puntius chola 70- 72 Puntius clavatus 71 Puntius conchonius 68-72, 317 Puntius sarana spilurus 70, 71 Puntius sophore 67, 71, 72 Puntius sp 71 Puntius ticto 68-71 Purple Moorhens 196

Q

Qualitative analysis 232, 228

Quantification studies 108

Quartzite 253

R

Rachenahalli 212 Radionuclide experiments 8 Ragi 216 Rainfall 227 Rainfall recharge 295 Rainfall-runoff 23 Rainwater harvesting 321, 327 Ram Nagar Anua Beel 78 Random sampling 67 Rapid bioassessment protocol 303 Rasbora daniconius 69-72 Reclamation of lakes 329 Recreation 11, 12, 52, 198, 210, 347, 351 Recreational potential 33 Recycling 110 Red Breasted Flycatcher 34 Redhead grass 325 Redox potential 206 Redshank 34

Reeds 23, 325 Reefs 89 Regression analysis 277 Relative humidity 228 Remote sensing 101, 210 Renewable natural capitals 337 Reptiles 198, 347 Reservoir 3, 167, 347 Resident birds 34 Residential layouts 234 Residual water content 295 Resource use 52 Resources flow-through 338 Restoration 10, 23, 28, 49, 93, 241, 323, 345, 350, 351, 359 Reverse osmosis 324 Rhinomugil corsula 67, 72 Rhizomes 39 Rhizophora 90, 104 Rhynocoela 90

Ribbon fish 91 Richness measure 306 Riffles 303 Riparian habitat 303 Riparian vegetation 302, 309 Riparian wetlands 347 Rita rita 67-69 River deltas 89 River outflow 234 Riverine 347 Rivers 3, 12, 51, 302 Rock formation 252 Rocky shores 89 Rohu 41 Rubber 112, 228 Rukni 66 Runoff threats 348 Rushes 325

S

S. cucullata 78, 79 S. eriophorum 78 Sagittaria trifolia 78 - 80 Salinity 93, 202, 206, 262 Salinity sodium hazard 279 Salinity zonation 205 Salmonella 172 Salmostoma bacaila 67, 68, 70-72, 317 Salt lakes 352 Salt marshes 89 Salt pans 13 Salvinia 168, 198 Salvinia cucullata 78, 79 Sand flats 89 Sandpipers 102 Sandy beaches 89 Sanitation 321 Sankey lake 14, 146, 359 Saprobic 245 Satellites 353 Satkarakandi Anua Beel 78 Saturated water content 295 Saturation index 262, 267 Scenedesmus 172 Schistura multifasciatus 68, 72 Schistura rupecula 70 Schistura vinciguerrae 70 Scianids 91 Scripus 40 Scripus eriophorum 78-80 SCS curve number method 130 Sea grass beds 89 Seasonal inundation 23 Secchi Disc Transparency 242 Securicula gora 67-72 Sedges 325 Sediment 11, 303, 309 Sediment accumulation 213 Sediment turbidity 192 Sedimentation 15, 49, 50, 52, 191, 193, 332, Seepage 234, 253 Seer fish 90 Selective grazing 57 Self purification mechanism 330, 332, 325, 347 Semiplotus modestus 71 Semi-urban 236 Septran 317 Settleable Solids 195 Sewage 47 Sewage treatment plant 231 Sex chromosomes 208 SGOT 317 SGPT 317 Shallow open waters 89 Shannonweiner indices 118

Sharks 90 Shoreline wetlands 325 Shorebirds 347 Sialidae 314 Sicamugil cascasia 68, 70 Significance of lakes 352 Silt 14, 102, 109 Siltation 49, 52, 329, 350 Silver bellies 91 Silver carp 41, 58, 59 Simpson's indices 118 Singla 66 Sipuncula 90 Skates 90 Skeletal Fluorosis 157 Slimes 314 Snowmelt 234 Social stability 315 Socio-economic characteristics 10, 17, 116, 216 evaluation 10 information 212 survey 210-212 Sodium 14, 15, 212, 216, 235, 236, 245, 249 adsorption ratio 277, 278 hazard 263 percentage 262 tripolyphosphate 359 Soil 16 conductivity 318 NPK 318 organic carbon 318 pH 318 temperature 318 compaction 15 Conservation Service (SCS) 130 erosion 36 moisture curve 144 water balance method 293 water marshes 325 Solid waste 108, 116, 323 Solid waste dumping 15 Solid waste management 116 Biogas plant 123 Compost 123 Incineration 123 Sanitary landfill 123 Solid waste quantification 116 Somileptes gongota 72 Sonai 66 Sonneratia 104 Sonneratia 90 Sounds 89 Spatial assessment 210, 212 Spatial water quality 16 Spatio-temporal analysis 10

Species density 118 Species exploitation 337 Specific conductivity 242 Speirospsis hyalospora 84 Speirospsis pedatospora 84 Spirulina 242 Spirulina nordstedtii 173 Spoonbill 102 Sporulation 82 Squids 91 Squilla 91 Stabilisation ponds 325 Staphylococcus pidermitis 317, 318 Staurastrum tetracerum 172 Storage coefficient 295 Storativity 296 Storks 102 Storm water runoff 14 Storms 89 Stratified sampling 227 Stream flow 140 Streams 12, 234, 302, 347 Streptomycetes 82 Stuyfzand's groundwater type 279 Stuyfzand's water type 277 Submerged vegetation 101 Sub-soil structures 252 Sulphate 14, 44, 45, 183, 184, 206, 212, 216, 232, 235, 236, 245 Sulphide 82, 84, 206 Sulphur 10, 81 Sulphur dioxide 149 Sunetta scripta 204 Supernumerary chromosome 208 Surface overland flow 234 Surface run-off 140 Surma 66 Suspended sediments 191 Suspended solids 212, 213, 235, 236 Sustainability 336 Sustainable cost approach 337 development 116, 336, 342 harvesting 337 living 34 uses 50 water resource 342 Sustained economic growth 315 Swamps 10, 12, 52, 101, 167, 210, 347 Synedra ulna 172

T

T. bispinosa 78 Tadpoles 198 Tamil Nadu Vaigai 253, 254 Tank beds 101 Tank desilting 157 Taxonomically identifiable unit 242 Technological innovations 343 Temperature 81, 82, 93, 195, 202, 206, 212, 216, 227, 232, 235, 236, 318 Temple tanks 199 Temporal assessment 210, 212 Temporal changes 212 Temporal water quality 16 Temporary ponds 198, 199 Tensiometers 294 Terminalia catappa 104 Terns 102 Terrai swamps 167 Tetraploa aristata 84 Tetraploa sp. 84 Textile 228 Thematic maps 118 Thermal springs 81 Thermal stratification 332, 329 Thermocline 329 Thermocol 112 Thermometer 235 Thespesia populnea 104

Thiessen Polygon method 253 Threatened species 347 Tidal action 110 Tidal ponds 89 Tidal variation 94 Tilapia 58 Timber 11 Timber products 337 Tipulidae 314 TKN 245, 249 Tlawang 66 Tolerance/intolerance measure 302, 306 Topographical information 212 Tor mosal 71 Tor progenies 69 Tor tor 71 Total alkalinity 242 Total catchment area 238 Total Dissolved Solids 44, 45, 171, 176, 179, 182, 195, 216, 232, 235, 245, 263, 273, 277, 288 Total hardness 195, 212, 216, 235, 236, 242 Total nitrogen 38 Total phosphates 232, 245 Total planktonic count 318 Total solids 45, 212, 216, 235, 236

Total suspended solids 45, 195, 216, 235, 242, 249 Total water potential 294 Tourism 33, 210 Transects 235 Transparency 212, 216 Trapa bispinosa 78, 79 Trapa natans (L) var. biopinosa 79 Tree density 118 Trichoptera 307, 313, 314 Trickling filters 325 Tricladium brunnium 84 Tripura 66 Triscelophorus accuminatus 84 Triscelophorus monosporus 84 Triscelophorus sp. 84 Tritium 297 Tropical hardwood 337 Tuirial 66 Tuirini 66 Tuivai 66 Tulips 354 Tuna 91 Turbellaria 314 Turbidity 14, 42, 202, 242, 318 Typha 40 Typha latifolia 38

U

Ulhas river 109 Ulsoor lake 18, 244, 359 Undervalued water resources 342 UNEP 315 UNESCO 315

Unsaturated flow velocity 144 Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity 294 Unsaturated zone 140 Urban 236, 322

Urban catchment 33 Urban planning and development 327 Urbanisation 4, 12, 14, 149, 210, 226, 329

V

Vaddegere 265 Vadose zone 140 Vallisneria spiralis 78, 80 Varthur lake 361 Vegetables 216

Vegetated area 238 Venerid clams 204 Vengana elanga 68 Vermispora sp. 84 Vetiveria zizanoides 78, 80

Viikki wetland 26 Villorita cyprinoides 204 Virus 318

W

Wallage alta 41 Wallago attu 67, 68 Waste stabilisation ponds 324 Wastewater 4, 228, 323 Wastewater recycling 325 Wastewater treatment 104, 323, 324 Water Act 51 balance equation 297 harvesting 355 hyacinth 25, 101, 196, 325, 326 logging 3 milfoil 325 pollution 202, 323 quality 15, 50, 210, 244, 309 quality monitoring 321 quality standards - ISI, USPH, WHO, 184

recycling 327 resource management 342, 343 reuse 327 shortage 342 supply 210 Water supply and Sanitation Collaborative council (WSSCC) 321 Waterfowl 192, 347 Waterfowl census 50, 51 Water-logged soil 102 Watershed 15, 210, 309, 324 Watershed development 50, 52 Weed infestation 213 Weedicides 354 Wet meadows 324, 347 database 343, 345 functions 167, 168

habitat 241 management 167 threats 167 vegetation 11 Wetlands 3, 10, 49, 210, 345 White stork 51 WHO Standards 194, 274 Widgeon 325 Wiesneriomyces laurinus 84 Wild celery 325 Wind action 110 Wind direction 150, 227 Wind velocity 150 Winkler's method 212, 235 Wooly-necked stork 51 World Bank 315 Worms 198

X

Xenentodan cancila 67-72

Xylocarpus 104

Y

Yediur 14, 18 Yelandur 261, 265

Yemmekere 199 Yeragamballi 265

Yeriyur 264

Z

Zero flux plane method 293, 294 Zinc 15, 195, 202, 235, 245, 249

Zooplankton 57, 89, 170, 242, 332

Zygoptera 314