Home PDF
iisclogo
Landslides at Karwar, October 2009 : Causes and Remedial Measures
energylogo

REFERENCES

  1. Abe, K. and Ziemer, R.R. 1990.  Effect of tree roots on shallow-seated landslides. Paper presented at the Technical Session on Geomorphic Hazards in Managed forests, XIX World Congress, IUFRO, August 5-11, 1990, Montreal, Canada. 
  2. Anbalagan, R. 1992. Engg. Geology, 1992, 32, 269–277.
  3. Banerjee, P.K., Vas, G.G., Sengupta, B.J. and Bagachi, A. 2001. A qualitative assessment of seismic risk along the Peninsular coast of India, south of 19°N
  4. Brand, E.W. 2002. Relationship between rainfall and landslides in Hong Kong. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Landslides in Toronto, Canada. 01, pp. 377–384.
  5. Bruijnzeel, L.A. 2004. Hydrological functions of tropical forests: Not seeing the soil for the trees? Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 104: 185-228.
  6. Cannon, S.H. and Ellen, S.D. 1988. Rainfall that resulted in abundant debris-flow activity during storm. In Ellen, S.D. and Wieczorek, G.F. (eds) Landslides, Floods and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5 1982 in the San Francisco Bay region, California, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1434 (1988), pp. 27–33.
  7. Chandran, M.D.S. 1998. Shifting cultivation, sacred groves and conflicts in colonial forest policy in the Western Ghats. In: Grove RH, Damodaran V, Sangwan S (Eds) Nature and the Orient: The Environmental History of South and Southeast Asia, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, pp 674-707
  8. Coelho-Netto, A.L., Avelar, S. and Lacerda, W.A. 2008. Natural hazards and human-exacerbated disasters in Latin America. Developments in Earth Sciences Processes, 13 223-243.
  9. Corominas, J. and Moya, J. 2008. Landslide Susceptibility, Hazard and Risk Zoning for Land Use Planning. Engineering Geology, 102(3-4), 193-213.
  10. Dahal, R.K. and Hasegawa, S. 2008. Representative rainfall thresholds for landslides the Nepal Himalaya. Geomorphology 100(3-4) 429-443.
  11. DeGraff, J.V. 1991. Increased debris flow activity due to vegetative changes. In: Bell (ed) 6th International Symposium onLandslides Christchurch vol. 2, A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam (1991), pp. 1365–1373.
  12. Deoja, B., Dital, M., Thapa, B. and Wagner, A. 1991. Mountain Risk Engineering, ICIMOD, Nepal. 875 pp.
  13. Endo, T., and Tsuruta, T. 1969. The effects of the tree roots on the strength of soil. In: Annual Report, 1968, Hokkaio Branch For. Experimental Station, Sapporo, Japan, 167-182.
  14. Gasmo, J.M., Rahardjo, H. and Leong, E.C. 2000. Infiltration effects into the stability of a residual soil slope. Computers and Geotechnics, 26(2), 145-165.
  15. Gupta, V. and Bist, K.S. 2004. The 23 September 2004 Varunavat Parvat landslide in Uttarashi township, Uttaranchal. Current Science 87, 1600-1605.
  16. Guthrie, R.H. 2002. The effects of logging on frequency and distribution of landslides in three watershed on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Geomorphology 43, pp. 273–292.
  17. Hanamgond, P.T. and Mitra, D. 2007. Dynamics of the Karwar Coast, India, with special reference to study of Tectonics and Coastal Evolution using Remote Sensing Data. Journal of Coastal Research, Special 50, 843-847.
  18. Johnson, K.A. and Sitar, N. 1990. Hydrologic conditions leading to debris-flow initiation. Can. Geotech. J. 27, 789-801.
  19. Kazmi, S. 1998. Danger: landslide zone. Indian Express, August 23.
  20. Kharkwal, S. C. and Nityanand, 1991. In Singh R.L. (ed). India: A Regional Geography  National Geographic Society of India, Varanasi, 1991, pp. 443–479.
  21. Knapen, A. et al., 2006. Landslides in a densely populated county at the footslopes of Mount Elgon (Uganda): Characteristics and causal factors. Geomorphology 73(1-2),  149-165.
  22. Kumar, K.S.S. 2005. Geoinformatics in landslide risk assessment and management in parts of Western Ghats, Central Kerala, South India. Ph.D. Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay.
  23. Kuriakose, S.L., Sankar, G. and Muraleedharan, C. 2008. History of landslide susceptibility and a chronology of landslide prone areas in the Western Ghats of Kerala, India. Environmental Geology 57(7), 1553-1568.
  24. Lee, L.M., Gofar, N. and Rahardjo, H. 2009. A simple model for rainfall induced slope instability. Engineering Geology, 108,(3-4), 272-285.
  25. Lundgren, L. 1986. Environmental Geology, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1986, p. 576.
  26. Megahan, W.F., Day, N.F. and bliss, T.F. 1978. Landslide occurrence in the western and central Northern Rocky Mountain physiographic province in Idaho. In: Proceedings of the 5th North American Forest Soils Conference. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, pp. 116-139.
  27. Mem. Geol. Soc. India 1988, 9: 101-108.
  28. Meunier, M., Hovius, M. and Haines, J.A. 2008. Topographic site effects and the location of earthquake induced landslides. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 275(3-4), 221-232.
  29. Naithani, A.K., Kumar, D. and Prasad, C. 2002. The catastrophic landslide of 16 July 2001 in Phata Byung area, Rudraprayag District, Garhwal Himalaya, India. Current Science, 82(8), 921-923.
  30. Nayak, G.N., 1993. Beaches of Karwar- Morphology, Texture and Mineralogy. Prabhakar Bhide, Goa 194 pp.
  31. Ollier, C.D. and Sheth, H.C. 2008. The high Deccan duricrusts of India and their significance for the laterite issue. J. Earth Syst. Sci. 117(5), 537–551.
  32. Raj, K.G. 1994. Major lineaments of Karnataka and their significance. In: Ravindra, B.M. and Ranganathan, N. (eds) Geo Karnataka: Mysore Geological Department Centenary Volume. Department of Mines and Geology, Bangalore, pp. 303-313.
  33. Rahardjo, E.C. Leong, J.M. Gasmo and S.K. Tang , 1998. Assessment of rainfall effects on stability of residual soil slopes. Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on unsaturated soils, Beijing, P.R. China 01, pp. 280–285.
  34. Sah, M.P. and Mazari, R.K. 1998. Geomorphology, 23, 123-138.
  35. Sarkar, S., Kanungo, D.P. and Chauhan, P.K.S. 2004. Landslide disaster of 24 September 2003 in Uttarkashi. Current Science, 87(2), 134-137.
  36. Soils of Karnataka, 1998. (http://wgbis.ces.iisc.ernet.in/energy/paper/TR109/tr109_std1.htm)
  37. Reneau, S.L., Dietrich, W.E., Rubin, M., Donahuc, D.J. and Jull, A.J.T. 1989. Analysis of hillslope erosion rates using data colluvial deposits. J. Geol. 95, 45-63.
  38. Shimokawa, E. 1984. A natural recovery process of vegetation on landslide scars and landslide periodicity in forested drainage basins. In: Symp. On Effects of Forest Land Use on Erosion and Slope Stability. East-West Centre, Honolulu, Hawaii, pp. 99-107.
  39. Sidle, R.C. and Terry, P.K.K. 1992. Shallow landslide analysis with managed vegetation. In: Erosion, Debris Flows and Environment in Mountain Regions (proceedings of the Chengdu Symposium, July 1992). IAHS Publ. no. 209.
  40. South Asia Disaster Report, 2007 (http://saarc-sdmc.nic-in)
  41. Thigale, S.S. and Umrikar, B. 2007. Disastrous landslide episode in the Konkan plain of Maharashtra, India with special reference to tectonic control and hydrothermal anomaly. Current Science 92(3), 383-386.
  42. Swiss Reinsurance Company 2000. Natural catastrophes and man-made disasters in 1999, Economic Research and Consulting. Zurich, Sigma No. 2/2000, 35 p.
  43. Tsaparas, I., Rahardjo, H.,Toll D.G. and Leong, E.C. 2002. Controlling parameters for rainfall-induced landslides. Computers and Geotechniques, 29(1), 1-27.
  44. Valdiya, K. S. 1985. In: Singh J.S. (ed.) Environmental Regeneration in Himalaya: Concepts and Strategies, Gyanodaya Prakashan. Nainital, India, pp. 13–38.
  45. Valdiya, K. S. 1987. Environmental Geology – Indian Context, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., New Delhi,  p. 583.
  46. Van Noordwijk, M. 2005. RUPES typology of environmental services worthy of reward. World Agroforestry Center, Bogor.