ABSTRACT
Fusion of multi-sensor imaging data enables a synergetic interpretation of complementary information obtained by sensors of different spectral ranges. Multi-sensor data of diverse spectral, spatial and temporal resolutions require advanced numerical techniques for analysis and interpretation. This paper reviews ten advanced pixel based image fusion techniques – Component substitution (COS), Local mean and variance matching, Modified IHS (Intensity Hue Saturation), Fast Fourier Transformed-enhanced IHS, Laplacian Pyramid, Local regression, Smoothing filter (SF), Sparkle, SVHC and Synthetic Variable Ratio. The above techniques were tested on IKONOS data (Panchromatic band at 1 m spatial resolution and Multispectral 4 bands at 4 m spatial resolution). Evaluation of the fused results through various accuracy measures, revealed that SF and COS methods produce images closest to corresponding multi-sensor would observe at the highest resolution level (1 m).
Keywords: image fusion, multi-sensor; multi-spectral, IKONOS
NOMENCLATURE
| PAN |
Panchromatic |
| MS |
Multi-spectral |
| HSR |
High spatial resolution |
| LSR |
Low spatial resolution |
| COS |
Component Substitution |
| LMVM |
Local Mean and Variance Matching |
| IHS |
Intensity Hue Saturation |
| FFT |
Fast Fourier Transform |
| LP |
Low Pass |
| HP |
High Pass |
| SF |
Smoothing Filter |
| GLP |
Generalised Laplacian Pyramid |
| LR |
Local Regression |
| SVHC |
Simulateur de la Vision Humaine des Couleurs |
| SVR |
Synthetic Variable Ratio |
| CC |
Correlation Coefficient |
| UIQI |
Universal Image Quality Index |
| R-G-B |
Red-Green-Blue |
| NIR |
Near Infra Red |
| FCC |
False colour composite |
| BT |
Brovey Transform |
| HPF |
High Pass Filtering |
| HPM |
High Pass Modulation |
| PCA |
Principal Component Analysis |
| ATW |
À Trous Algorithm-Based Wavelet Transform |
| MRAIM |
Multiresolution Analysis-Based Intensity Modulation |
| GS |
Gram Schmidt |
| LMM |
Local Mean Matching |
| IRS |
Indian Remote Sensing Satellite |
| MRA |
Modulation and Multi-resolution Analysis |
| UNB |
University of New Brunswick |
