CONCLUSION

The current study provides an insight to the macrophytes diversity with the nutrient and heavy metal concentrations in samples collected from Jakkur wetland, Bangalore. Nine species of macrophytes are present with the domination of Typha angustata. Polygonum, Alternanthera philoxeroides and Typha angustata had higher concentration of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus respectively at the inlet. Carbon content was higher in Typha angustata (40.6 %), Nitrogen (4.07 %) and Phosphorus (1.94 %) was highest in Spirodela polyrhiza in the outlet of the Lake. Cadmium was ranging from 0-1.8 mg/kg in inlet and 0-1.6 mg/kg in outlet macrophyte samples with the Alternanthera philoxeroides and Pistia stratiotes having higher amount at both inlet and outlet. Range of copper in the studied macrophytes was 0-17.2 mg/kg with Typha angustata and Ludwigia species having higher concentrations. The concentration of lead in studied macrophyte samples were in the range 0-9.8 mg/kg (inlet) and 0-13.6 mg/kg (outlet) with Alternanthera philoxeroides accumulating the higher concentration in inlet (0-9.8 mg/kg) and Typha angustata in outlet (3.2-13.6 mg/kg). The values of Zinc was in the range 1.5-16.4 mg/kg in inlet and 3-23 mg/kg in outlet samples. The concentration was higher in Typha angustata in inlet (5.2-16.4 mg/kg) and in outlet (3.2-23.0 mg/kg) samples. The range of Nickel was 0.1-10.4 mg/kg in inlet and 0-8 mg/kg in outlet respectively. Nickel concentration was higher in Typha angustata in both inlet (1.4-10.4 mg/kg) and outlet (0-8 mg/kg). The range of Chromium was 0.6-19.6 mg/kg (0.6-14 mg/kg inlet; 2-19.6 mg/kg outlet). Typha angustata (5-14 mg/kg at inlet) and Alternanthera philoxeroides (4.6-19.6 mg/kg at outlet) had the higher concentration of Chromium. These results confirms bioaccumulation of heavy metals and uptake of nutrients by the macrophytes from wetlands.