FOREST STATUS AND MEDICINAL FLORA STUDIES IN JANKADKAL AND SHIRGUNJI MPCA AREA, UTTARA KANNADA

Sayhadri Conservation Series 46

ENVIS Technical Report: 84, January 2015

FOREST STATUS AND MEDICINAL FLORA STUDIES IN JANKADKAL AND SHIRGUNJI MPCA AREA, UTTARA KANNADA

Ramachandra T.V. Subash Chandran M.D.. Joshi N V Rao G.R. Vishnu D. Mukri Shreekanth Naik

Energy and Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore – 560012, India.
*Corresponding author: cestvr@ces.iisc.ernet.in

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Introduction and Methodology

Jankadkal MPCA

Shirgunji MPCA

Promising Medicinal Trees for Special Protection and Enhancement

Towards Integrated Healthcare and Strengthening of Medicinal Plant Resources through Community Involvement

References

Annexure I&II

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Annexure 1: Checklist of Jankadkal MPCA plants with habit, habitat, distribution, medicinal use

(Note for Habitat: Evg-Evergreen to Semi-evergreen; MD-Moist deciduous; SS-Scrub, Savanna; RS-Roadside,
Waste lands, Walls; STM streamside; MSW-Marsh, Wet areas; Pl-Plantations; GR-Grasslands)

Sl no	Family	Species	Habit	Distribution	Medicinally used (M)	Habitats
1	Fabaceae	Abrus precatorius	Climber		M	EVG
2	Fabaceae	Abrus pulchellus	Climber		M	EVG, MD, SS
3	Fabaceae	Acacia concinna	Climber		M	EVG, MD
4	Amaranthaceae	Achyranthus aspera	Shrub		M	RS
5	Lauraceae	Actinodaphne hookeri	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
6	Acanthaceae	Adhatoda zeylanica	Herb		M	MD, SS
7	Orobanchaceae	Aeginetia indica	Herb		M	SS
8	Orchidaceae	Aerides maculosa	Herb	Endemic		EVG, MD, SS
9	Meliaceae	Aglaia anamalayana	Tree		M	EVG
10	Meliaceae	Aglaia roxbhurgii	Tree	Endemic		EVG
11	Alangiaceae	Alangium salviifolium	Tree		M	EVG, MD
12	Sapindaceae	Allophylus cobbe	Shrub		M	EVG, MD
13	Araceae	Amorphophallus bulbifer	Herb		M	EVG, RS, MD
14	Vitaceae	Ampelocissus indica	Climber	Endemic	M	EVG
15	Menispermaceae	Anamirta cocculus	Climber		M	EVG
16	Ancistrocladaceae	Ancistrocladus heyneanus	Climber	Endemic	M	EVG
17	Aristolochiaceae	Apama siliquosa	Shrub	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG, STM
18	Euphorbiaceae	Aporosa cardiosperma	Tree		M	EVG, MD
19	Myrsinaceae	Ardisia solanacea	Shrub		M	EVG, STM
20	Arecaceae	Arenga wightii	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
21	Aristolochiaceae	Aristolochia indica	Climber		M	MD,
22	Annonaceae	Artabotrys zeylanica	Shrub	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG, MD
23	Moraceae	Artocarpus gomezianus	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
24	Moraceae	Artocarpus hirsutus	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
25	Liliaceae	Asparagus racemosus	Climber		M	EVG
26	Rutaceae	Atalantia racemosa	Shrub		M	EVG, MD
27	Lauraceae	Beilschmiedia wightii	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
28	Oxalidaceae	Biophytum sensitivum	Herb		M	RS
29	Bombacaceae	Bombax insigne	Tree		M	EVG
30	Acanthaceae	Bremekampia neilgherryensis	Herb	Endemic		MD, SS
31	Arecaceae	Calamus pseudotenuis	Shrub	Endemic	M	EVG
32	Arecaceae	Calamus thwaitesii	Slender-climbing cane			EVG
33	Verbenaceae	Callicarpa tomentosa	Tree		M	EVG, MD
34	Clusiaceae	Calophyllum apetalum	Tree		M	EVG
35	Clusiaceae	Calophyllum polyanthum	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG, STM
36	Combretaceae	Calycopteris floribunda	Climber		M	EVG, MD, SS
37	Rubiaceae	Canthium dicoccum	Shrub	Endemic		EVG, MD
38	Rubiaceae	Canthium parviflorum	Tree		M	EVG
39	Capparaceae	Capparis rheedii	Shrub	Endemic	M	EVG, SS
40	Apocynaceae	Carissa carandas	Shrub		M	SS
41	Arecaceae	Caryota urens	Tree		M	EVG
42	Fabaceae	Cassia tora	Herb		M	RS
43	Vitaceae	Cayratia mollissima	Shrub	Endemic		EVG
44	Celastraceae	Celastrus paniculatus	Climber		M	EVG
45	Apiaceae	Centella asiatica	Herb		M	Pl, MSW
46	Oleaceae	Chionanthus mala-elengi	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
47	Apocynaceae	Chonemorpha fragrans	Climber			EVG, MD
48	Lauraceae	Cinnamomum malabatrum	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
49	Verbenaceae	Clerodendrum viscosum	Shrub		M	MD
50	Combretaceae	Combretum latifolium	Climber		M	EVG, MD
51	Arecaceae	Corypha umbraculifera	Tree	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG
52	Orchidaceae	Cottonia peduncularis	Herb			MD, SS
53	Hypoxidaceae	Curculigo orchioides	Herb		M	MD, SS
54	Poaceae	Cynodon dactylon	Herb		M	SS, Pl, MSW, GR
55	Cyperaceae	Cyperus haspan	Herb			MSW
56	Cyperaceae	Cyperus iria	Herb			MSW
57	Poaceae	Cyrtococcum oxyphyllum	Herb			EVG, MD
58	Fabaceae	Dalbergia rubiginosa	Shrub			EVG
59	Fabaceae	Desmodium triquetrum	Herb		M	SS
60	Annonaceae	Desmos lawii	Climber	Endemic	M	EVG, MD
61	Dichapetalaceae	Dichapetalum gelonioides	Shrub			EVG
62	Dilleniaceae	Dillenia pentagyna	Tree		M	EVG, MD, SS
63	Poaceae	Dimeria ornithopoda	Herb			GR, SS
64	Dioscoriaceae	Dioscorea bulbifera	Herb		M	EVG, MD, SS
65	Ebenaceae	Diospyros buxifolia	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
66	Ebenaceae	Diospyros candolleana	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
67	Ebenaceae	Diospyros oocarpa	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
68	Ebenaceae	Diospyros paniculata	Tree	Endemic		EVG
69	Ebenaceae	Diospyros saldanhae	Tree	Endemic		EVG

70	Ebenaceae	Diospyros sylvatica	Tree			EVG
71	Menispermaceae	Diploclisia glaucescens	Climber		M	EVG
72	Agavaceae	Dracaena terniflora	Shrub		M	EVG, MD
73	Droseraceae	Drosera burmannii	Herb		M	MSW
74	Droseraceae	Drosera indica	Herb		M	MSW
75	Acanthaceae	Ecbolium ligustrinum	Shrub			EVG, MD
76	Asteraceae	Eclipta prostrata	Herb		M	RS
77	Elaeagnaceae	Elaeagnus latifolia	Shrub		M	EVG
78	Elaeocarpaceae	Elaeocarpus serratus	Tree		M	EVG
79	Asteraceae	Elephantopus scaber	Herb		M	EVG, MD, SS
80	Myrsinaceae	Embelia ribes	Climber		M	EVG
81	Asteraceae	Emilia sonchifolia	Herb		M	RS, MD, SS
82	Fabaceae	Entada pursaetha	Climber	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG
83	Acanthaceae	Eranthemum roseum	Herb	Endemic	M	EVG, MD
84	Apocynaceae	Ervatamia heyneana	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
85	Convolvulaceae	Erycibe paniculata	Climber		M	EVG
86	Asteraceae	Eupatorium odoratum	Shrub		M	RS, MD, SS
87	Convolvulaceae	Evolvulus nummularius	Herb		M	SS, GR
88	Convolvulaceae	Evolvulus alsinoides	Herb		M	SS, GR
89	Moraceae	Ficus callosa	Tree		M	EVG
90	Moraceae	Ficus drupacea	Tree		M	EVG
91	Moraceae	Ficus nervosa	Tree			EVG
92	Flacourtiaceae	Flacourtia montana	Tree		M	EVG
93	Clusiaceae	Garcinia gummi-gutta	Tree		M	EVG
94	Clusiaceae	Garcinia morella	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
95	Euphorbiaceae	Glochidion javanicum	Tree			EVG, MD
96	Rutaceae	Glycosmis pentaphylla	Shrub		M	EVG, MD
97	Gnetaceae	Gnetum ula	Climber		M	EVG, MD
98	Olacaceae	Gomphandra axillaris	Shrub		M	EVG
99	Annonaceae	Goniothalamus cardiopetalus	Climber	Endemic	M	EVG
100	Tiliaceae	Grewia microcos	Shrub		M	EVG, MD
101	Tiliaceae	Grewia tiliifolia	Tree		M	MD, SS
102	Asclepiadaceae	Gymnema sylvestre	Climber		M	MD, SS
103	Sterculiaceae	Helicteres isora	Shrub		M	MD, SS
104	Apocynaceae	Holarrhena pubescens	Shrub		M	MD, SS
105	Anacardiaceae	Holigarna arnottiana	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
106	Anacardiaceae	Holigarna ferruginea	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
107	Anacardiaceae	Holigarna grahamii	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
108	Anacardiaceae	Holigarna nigra	Tree	Endemic		EVG
109	Dipterocarpaceae	Hopea ponga	Tree	Endemic		EVG
110	Flacourtiaceae	Hydnocarpus pentandra	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
111	Apocynaceae	Ichnocarpus frutescens	Climber		M	MD, SS
112	Rubiaceae	Ixora arborea	Shrub	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG, MD, SS
113	Rubiaceae	Ixora brachiate	Shrub	Endemic	M	EVG, MD
114	Rubiaceae	Ixora polyantha	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
115	Rubiaceae	Ixora coccinea	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
116	Myristicaceae	Knema attenuata	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
117	Cyperaceae	Kyllinga melanosperma	Herb		M	MSW
118	Lythraceae	Lagerstroemia microcarpa	Tree		M	MD, SS
119	Lythraceae	Lagerstroemia speciosa	Tree		M	STM
120	Anacardiaceae	Lannea coromandelica	Tree		M	MD, SS
121	Leeaceae	Leea indica	Tree		M	EVG, MD
122	Sapindaceae	Lepisanthes tetraphylla	Tree		M	EVG
123	Lauraceae	Litsea floribunda	Tree	Endemic		EVG
124	Lauraceae	Litsea laevigata	Tree	Endemic		EVG
125	Campanulaceae	Lobelia alsinoides	Herb		M	EVG, RS
126	Campanulaceae	Lobelia nicotianaefolia	Herb			GR, SS, MSW
127	Celastraceae	Lophopetalum wightianum	Tree		M	EVG
128	Euphorbiaceae	Macaranga peltata	Tree		M	EVG, MD
129	Sapotaceae	Madhuca neriifolia	Tree	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka		STM, EVG, MD
130	Myrsinaceae	Maesa indica	Climber		M	EVG
131	Euphorbiaceae	Mallotus philippensis	Tree		M	EVG
132	Anacardiaceae	Mangifera indica	Tree		M	EVG
133	Melastomataceae	Melastoma malabathricum	Herb			EVG
134	Melastomataceae	Memecylon edule	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
135	Melastomataceae	Memecylon talbotianum	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
136	Melastomataceae	Memecylon terminale	Tree	Endemic	M	MD, SS
137	Sapotaceae	Mimusops elengi	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG, MD
138	Fabaceae	Moullava spicata	Climber		M	EVG, MD
139	Fabaceae	Mucuna monosperma	Climber		M	EVG
140	Myristicaceae	Myristica malabarica	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
141	Meliaceae	Naregamia alata	Herb		M	EVG, MD, MSW
142	Lauraceae	Neolitsea scrobiculata	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
143	Icacinaceae	Nothapodytes nimmoniana	Tree		M	EVG, MD

144	Anacardiaceae	Nothopegia castaneaefolia	Tree		M	EVG
145	Poaceae	Ochlandra scriptoria	Shrub	Endemic		EVG
146	Rubiaceae	Ochreinauclea missionis	Tree	Endemic	M	STM
147	Oleaceae	Olea dioica	Tree		M	EVG, MD
148	Bignoniaceae	Oroxylum indicum	Tree		M	STM
149	Bignoniaceae	Pajanelia longifolia	Tree		M	EVG, STM
150	Lauraceae	Persea macrantha	Tree	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG
151	Orchidaceae	Pholidota imbricata	Herb			EVG, MD
152	Euphorbiaceae	Phyllanthus emblica	Herb		M	MD, SS, GR
153	Euphorbiaceae	Phyllanthus urinaria	Herb		M	SS, GR
154	Euphorbiaceae	Phyllanthus simplex	Tree		M	MD, SS
155	Piperaceae	Piper nigrum	Climber	Endemic	M	EVG
156	Pittosporaceae	Pittosporum dasycaulon	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
157	Annonaceae	Polyalthia fragrans	Tree	Endemic		EVG
158	Fabaceae	Pongamia pinnata	Tree		M	STM
159	Araceae	Pothos scandens	Climber		M	EVG
160	Rubiaceae	Psychotria truncata	Shrub	Endemic	M	EVG, MD
161	Rubiaceae	Psychotria dalzellii	Shrub	Endemic		EVG
162	Rubiaceae	Psychotria flavida	Shrub	Endemic		EVG
163	Sterculiaceae	Pterospermum diversifolium	Tree		M	EVG
164	Sterculiaceae	Pterospermum reticulatum	Tree	Endemic		EVG
165	Sterculiaceae	Pterygota alata	Tree			EVG
166	Rubiaceae	Randia dumetorum	Tree		M	MD
167	Apocynaceae	Rauvolfia serpentina	Herb		M	MD, SS
168	Araliaceae	Rhaphidophora laciniata	Climber		M	EVG
169	Boraginaceae	Rotula aquatica	Herb		M	MSW
170	Connaraceae	Rourea prainiana	Climber		M	EVG
171	Rubiaceae	Rubia cordifolia	Herb		M	EVG, MD
172	Acanthaceae	Rungia pectinata	Herb		M	MD, SS, GR
173	Annonaceae	Sageraea laurifolia	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
174	Sapindaceae	Sapindus laurifolius	Tree		M	Pl, RS
175	Euphorbiaceae	Sapium insigne	Tree		M	MD, SS
176	Fabaceae	Saraca asoca	Tree		M	STM
177	Araliaceae	Schefflera venulosa	Shrub		M	EVG, MD
178	Sapindaceae	Schleichera oleosa	Tree		M	MD, SS
179	Anacardiaceae	Semecarpus anacardium	Tree		M	MD
180	Malvaceae	Sida acuta	Herb		M	RS, SS
181	Malvaceae	Sida rhombifolia	Herb		M	SS, RS
182	Smilacaceae	Smilax zeylanica	Climber		M	EVG
183	Bignoniaceae	Stereospermum colais	Tree		M	MD
184	Moraceae	Streblus asper	Tree		M	MD, STM
185	Olacaceae	Strombosia ceylanica	Tree			EVG
186	Loganiaceae	Strychnos nux-vomica	Tree		M	MD, SS
187	Symplocaceae	Symplocos racemosa	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
188	Myrtaceae	Syzygium caryophyllatum	Tree		M	EVG
189	Myrtaceae	Syzygium cumini	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG, STM
190	Myrtaceae	Syzygium hemesphericum	Tree	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG
191	Myrtaceae	Syzygium macrocephala	Tree		M	EVG, MD, SS
192	Myrtaceae	Syzygium zeylanicum	Tree	Endemic		EVG
193	Myrtaceae	Syzygium gardneri	Tree		M	STM, EVG
194	Myrtaceae	Syzygium laetum	Tree		M	STM, MD
195	Verbenaceae	Tectona grandis	Tree			MD
196	Combretaceae	Terminalia bellirica	Tree		M	MD, SS
197	Combretaceae	Terminalia elliptica	Tree		M	MD, SS
198	Combretaceae	Terminalia paniculata	Tree		M	MD, SS
199	Combretaceae	Terminalia chebula	Tree		M	MD, SS
200	Datiscaceae	Tetrameles nudiflora	Tree			EVG, MD
201	Vitaceae	Tetrastigma gamblei	Shrub	Endemic	M	EVG
202	Malvaceae	Thespesia populnea	Tree		M	RS
203	Meliaceae	Toona hexandra	Tree		M	EVG, MD
204	Ulmaceae	Trema orientalis	Tree		M	EVG, MD
205	Euphorbiaceae	Trewia nudiflora	Tree		M	EVG, MD
206	Rubiaceae	Tricalysia sphaerocarpa	Tree	Endemic		EVG
207	Meliaceae	Trichilia connaroides	Tree		M	EVG, MD
208	Meliaceae	Turraea villosa	Shrub			EVG
209	Asclepiadaceae	Tylophora indica	Climber		M	MD, SS
210	Annonaceae	Uvaria narum	Climber	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG
211	Dipterocarpaceae	Vateria indica	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
212	Rhamnaceae	Ventilago maderaspatana	Climber		M	EVG
213	Rutaceae	Vepris bilocularis	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
214	Verbenaceae	Vitex altissima	Tree			EVG, MD
215	Meliaceae	Walsura trifoliata	Tree		M	EVG
216	Fabaceae	Xylia xylocarpa	Tree		M	MD
217	Rutaceae	Zanthoxylum rhetsa	Tree		M	MD

218	Zingiberaceae	Zingiber cernum	Herb	Endemic	M	EVG
219	Fabaceae	Zornia gibbosa	Herb		M	GR, SS

Annexure 2: Checklist of Shirgunji MPCA plants with habit, habitat, distribution, medicinal uses

Sl no	Family	Species	Habit	Distribution	Medicinal uses (M)	Habitat
1	Fabaceae	Abrus precatorius	Climber		M	EVG, MD, SS
2	Fabaceae	Abrus pulchellus	Climber		M	EVG
3	Fabaceae	Acacia concinna	Shrub		M	EVG, MD
4	Lauraceae	Actinodaphne hookeri	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
5	Acanthaceae	Adhatoda zeylanica	Herb		M	MD, SS
6	Orchidaceae	Aerides maculosa	Herb	Endemic		EVG, MD, SS
7	Simaroubaceae	Ailanthus excelsa	Tree		M	RS, Pl
8	Alangiaceae	Alangium salviifolium	Tree		M	EVG, MD
9	Araceae	Amorphophallus bulbifer	Herb		M	EVG, RS, MD
10	Menispermaceae	Anamirta cocculus	Climber		M	EVG
11	Ancistrocladaceae	Ancistrocladus heyneanus	Climber	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG
12	Euphorbiaceae	Aporosa cardiosperma	Tree		M	EVG, MD
13	Myrsinaceae	Ardisia solanacea	Shrub		M	EVG, STM
14	Aristolochiaceae	Aristolochia indica	Climber		M	MD
15	Annonaceae	Artabotrys zeylanica	Shrub	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG, MD
16	Moraceae	Artocarpus hirsutus	Tree	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG
17	Liliaceae	Asparagus racemosus	Climber		M	EVG
18	Rutaceae	Atalantia racemosa	Shrub		M	EVG, MD
19	Lauraceae	Beilschmiedia wightii	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
20	Euphorbiaceae	Blachia denudata	Tree	Endemic		EVG, STM
21	Bombacaceae	Bombax insigne	Tree		M	MD, SS
22	Acanthaceae	Bremekampia neilgherryensis	Herb	Endemic		MD, SS
23	Anacardiaceae	Buchanania lanzan	Tree		M	MD, SS
24	Arecaceae	Calamus thwaitesii	Shrub	Endemic	M	EVG
25	Arecaceae	Calamus pseudotenuis	Climber			EVG
26	Clusiaceae	Calophyllum apetalum	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG, STM
27	Combretaceae	Calycopteris floribunda	Climber		M	EVG, MD, SS
28	Rubiaceae	Canthium rheedii	Shrub	Endemic		EVG, SS
29	Rubiaceae	Canthium parviflorum	Shrub	Endemic		EVG, MD
30	Capparaceae	Capparis rheedii	Shrub	Endemic	M	EVG, SS
31	Rhizophoraceae	Carallia brachiata	Tree			EVG, STM
32	Lecythidaceae	Careya arborea	Tree		M	MD, SS
33	Apocynaceae	Carissa carandas	Shrub		M	SS
34	Arecaceae	Caryota urens	Tree		M	EVG
35	Flacourtiaceae	Caseria bourdillonii	Tree	Endemic		EVG
36	Caesalpiniaceae	Cassia tora	Herb		M	RS, Pl
37	Celastraceae	Celastrus paniculatus	Climber		M	EVG, MD
38	Apiaceae	Centella asiatica	Herb		M	Pl, MSW
39	Oleaceae	Chionanthus mala-elengi	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
40	Lauraceae	Cinnamomum malabatrum	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
41	Combretaceae	Combratum latifolium	Climber		M	EVG, MD
42	Connaraceae	Connarus wightii	Shrub	Endemic	M	EVG, MD, RS
43	Orchidaceae	Cottonia peduncularis	Herb			MD, SS
44	Hypoxidaceae	Curculigo orchioides	Herb		M	MD, SS
45	Poaceae	Cynodon dactylon	Herb		M	SS, Pl, MSW, GR
46	Fabaceae	Dalbergia rubiginosa	Shrub			EVG
47	Fabaceae	Derris sp	Climber			EVG, MD
48	Dichapetalaceae	Dichapetalum gelonioides	Shrub			EVG
49	Dilleniaceae	Dillenia pentagyna	Tree		M	EVG, MD, SS

50	Dioscoriaceae	Dioscorea bulbifera	Herb		M	EVG, MD, SS
51	Ebenaceae	Diospyros oocarpa	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
52	Ebenaceae	Diospyros candolleana	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
53	Ebenaceae	Diospyros nigra	Tree	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka		EVG
54	Ebenaceae	Diospyros saldanhae	Tree	Endemic		EVG
55	Ebenaceae	Diospyros buxifolia	Tree			EVG
56	Menispermaceae	Diploclisia glaucescens	Climber		M	EVG
57	Agavaceae	Dracaena terniflora	Shrub		M	EVG, MD
58	Meliaceae	Dysoxylum binectariferum	Tree		M	EVG
59	Asteraceae	Eclipta prostrata	Herb		M	RS
60	Elaeocarpaceae	Elaeocarpus serratus	Tree		M	EVG
61	Asteraceae	Elephantopus scaber	Herb		M	EVG, MD, SS
62	Asteraceae	Emilia sonchifolia	Herb		M	RS, MD, SS
63	Acanthaceae	Eranthemum roseum	Herb	Endemic	M	EVG, MD
64	Apocynaceae	Ervatamia heyneana	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
65	Convolvulaceae	Erycibe paniculata	Climber		M	EVG
66	Asteraceae	Eupatorium odoratum	Shrub		M	RS, MD, SS
67	Convolvulaceae	Evolvulus alsinoides	Herb		M	SS, GR
68	Convolvulaceae	Evolvulus nummularius	Herb		M	SS, GR
69	Moraceae	Ficus callosa	Tree		M	EVG
70	Moraceae	Ficus nervosa	Tree			EVG
71	Flacourtiaceae	Flacourtia montana	Tree		M	EVG
72	Clusiaceae	Garcinia morella	Tree		M	EVG
73	Clusiaceae	Garcinia indica	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG, MD
74	Clusiaceae	Garcinia gummi-gutta	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
75	Clusiaceae	Garcinia talbotii	Tree	Endemic		EVG
76	Rutaceae	Glycosmis pentaphylla	Shrub		M	EVG, MD
77	Gnetaceae	Gnetum ula	Climber		M	EVG, MD
78	Tiliaceae	Grewia microcos	Shrub		M	EVG, MD
79	Tiliaceae	Grewia tiliifolia	Tree		M	MD, SS
80	Sterculiaceae	Helicteres isora	Shrub		M	MD, SS
81	Apocynaceae	Holarrhena pubescens	Shrub		M	MD, SS
82	Anacardiaceae	Holigarna ferruginea	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
83	Anacardiaceae	Holigarna arnottiana	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
84	Flacourtiaceae	Homalium zeylanicum	Tree	Endemic		EVG
85	Dipterocarpaceae	Hopea ponga	Tree	Endemic		EVG
86	Flacourtiaceae	Hydnocarpus pentandra	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
87	Apocynaceae	Ichnocarpus frutescens	Climber		M	MD, SS
88	Rubiaceae	Ixora coccinea	Shrub	Endemic	M	EVG, MD, SS
89	Rubiaceae	Ixora brachiata	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
90	Rubiaceae	Ixora polyantha	Shrub	Endemic	M	EVG, MD
91	Rubiaceae	Ixora arborea	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG, MD
92	Myristicaceae	Knema attenuata	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
93	Cyperaceae	Kyllinga melanosperma	Herb		M	MSW
94	Lythraceae	Lagerstroemia microcarpa	Tree		M	MD, SS
95	Anacardiaceae	Lannea coromandelica	Tree		M	MD, SS
96	Leeaceae	Leea indica	Tree		M	EVG, MD
97	Sapindaceae	Lepisanthes tetraphylla	Tree		M	EVG
98	Lauraceae	Litsea laevigata	Tree	Endemic		EVG
99	Lauraceae	Litsea floribunda	Tree	Endemic		EVG
100	Celastraceae	Lophopetalum wightianum	Tree		M	EVG
101	Rutaceae	Luvunga sarmontosa	Shrub		M	EVG, MD
102	Euphorbiaceae	Macaranga peltata	Tree		M	EVG, MD
103	Sapotaceae	Madhuca neriifolia	Tree			STM, EVG, MD
104	Euphorbiaceae	Mallotus philippensis	Tree		M	EVG

105	Clusiaceae	Mammea longifolia	Tree		M	EVG
106	Anacardiaceae	Mangifera indica	Tree		M	EVG
107	Celastraceae	Maytenus rothiana	Shrub		M	EVG, SS
108	Melastomaceae	Melastoma malabathricum	Shrub			EVG
109	Melastomataceae	Memecylon talbotianum	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
110	Melastomataceae	Memecylon edule	Tree	Endemic	M	MD, SS
111	Sapotaceae	Mimusops elengi	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG, MD
112	Caesalpiniaceae	Moullava spicata	Climber		M	EVG, MD
113	Rutaceae	Murraya paniculata	Tree		M	EVG, MD
114	Myristicaceae	Myristica malabarica	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
115	Meliaceae	Naregamia alata	Herb		M	EVG, MD, MSW
116	Lauraceae	Neolitsea scrobiculata	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
117	Icacinaceae	Nothapodytes nimmoniana	Tree		M	EVG, MD
118	Anacardiaceae	Nothopegia castaneaefolia	Tree		M	EVG
119	Ochnaceae	Ochna obtusata	Shrub	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	MD, SS
120	Oleaceae	Olea dioica	Tree		M	EVG, MD
121	Lauraceae	Persea macrantha	Tree	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG
122	Orchidaceae	Pholidota imbricata	Herb			MD, SS
123	Euphorbiaceae	Phyllanthus urinaria	Herb		M	SS, GR
124	Piperaceae	Piper nigrum	Climber	Endemic	M	EVG
125	Annonaceae	Polyalthia fragrans	Tree	Endemic		EVG
126	Araceae	Pothos scandens	Climber		M	EVG
127	Rubiaceae	Psychotria flavida	Shrub	Endemic	M	EVG
128	Rubiaceae	Psychotria dalzellii	Shrub	Endemic		EVG
129	Rubiaceae	Psychotria truncata	Shrub	Endemic		EVG
130	Sterculiaceae	Pterospermum diversifolium	Tree		M	EVG
131	Sterculiaceae	Pterospermum reticulatum	Tree	Endemic		EVG
132	Apocynaceae	Rauvolfia serpentina	Herb		M	MD, SS
133	Rubiaceae	Rubia cordifolia	Herb		M	EVG, MD
134	Annonaceae	Sageraea laurifolia	Tree	Endemic	M	EVG
135	Celastraceae	Salacia gambleana	Climber	Endemic	M	EVG
136	Sapindaceae	Schleichera oleosa	Tree		M	EVG
137	Malvaceae	Sida acuta	Herb		M	SS, RS
138	Smilacaceae	Smilax zeylanica	Climber		M	EVG
139	Bignoniaceae	Stereospermum colais	Tree		M	MD
140	Olacaceae	Strombosia ceylanica	Tree			EVG
141	Myrtaceae	Syzygium gardneri	Tree		M	EVG
142	Myrtaceae	Syzygium hemesphericum	Tree	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG
143	Myrtaceae	Syzygium cumini	Tree		M	EVG, MD, SS
144	Myrtaceae	Syzygium caryophyllatum	Tree		M	STM, MD
145	Myrtaceae	Syzygium macrocephala	Tree			EVG
146	Combretaceae	Terminalia bellirica	Tree		M	MD, SS
147	Combretaceae	Terminalia paniculata	Tree		M	MD, SS
148	Vitaceae	Tetrastigma gamblei	Shrub	Endemic	M	EVG
149	Meliaceae	Toona hexendra	Tree		M	EVG, MD
150	Rubiaceae	Tricalysia sphaerocarpa	Tree	Endemic		EVG
151	Annonaceae	Uvaria narum	Climber	Western Ghats, Sri Lanka	M	EVG
152	Rhamnaceae	Ventilago maderaspatana	Climber		M	EVG
153	Verbenaceae	Vitex altissima	Tree			EVG, MD
154	Fabaceae	Zornia gibbosa	Herb		M	GR, SS

T.V. Ramachandra
Centre for Sustainable Technologies,
Centre for infrastructure, Sustainable Transportation and Urban Planning (CiSTUP),
Energy & Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore – 560 012, INDIA.
E-mail : cestvr@ces.iisc.ernet.in
Tel: 91-080-22933099/23600985, Fax: 91-080-23601428/23600085
Web: http://ces.iisc.ernet.in/energy

Subash Chandran M.D.
Energy & Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore – 560 012, INDIA.
E-mail: mds@ces.iisc.ernet.in

Joshi N V
Energy & Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore – 560 012, INDIA.
E-mail: nvjoshi@ces.iisc.ernet.in

Rao G.R.
Energy & Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore – 560 012, INDIA.
E-mail: grrao@ces.iisc.ernet.in

Vishnu D. Mukri
Energy & Wetlands Research Group, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore – 560 012, INDIA.

Shreekanth Naik
Energy & Wetlands Research Group,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore – 560 012, INDIA.

Citation: Ramachandra T.V., Subash Chandran M.D., Joshi N V, Rao, G R, Vishnu D. Mukri and Shreekanth Naik, 2015. Forest Status and Medicinal Flora Studies in Jankadkal and Shirgunji MPCA Area, Uttara Kannada, Sahyadri Conservation Series 46, ENVIS Technical Report 84, CES, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India

Contact Address :
	Dr. T.V. Ramachandra Energy & Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore – 560 012, INDIA. Tel : 91-80-23600985 / 22932506 / 22933099 Fax : 91-80-23601428 / 23600085 / 23600683 [CES-TVR] E-mail : cestvr@ces.iisc.ernet.in, energy@ces.iisc.ernet.in, Web : http://wgbis.ces.iisc.ernet.in/energy