ID: 58173
Title: Effective utilisation of industrial waste-steel slag for enhancement of flexural behaviour of ferrocement laminates
Author: J Sridhar and R Malathy
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Steel slag, Galvanised squre weld mesh, Chicken mesh, Mortar matrix, Flexural behaviour
Abstract: In today ' s world there is a need for conserving resoruces, enviornment and proper utilisation of energy. Hence, there is an emphasis on the use of waste and industrial by-products in construction industry. Recently the growing trnds towards the use of supplementary materials are emphaised, for cement mortar because of scarcity of materials. The main objective of this investigation is to study the flexural behaviouir of ferrocement laminates with npartial replacement of fine aggregate by steel slag (by-porduct of steel industry) in mortar matrix. The variables considered in this study are type of mesh, volume fraction, and steel slage content of 0% to 50% by weight of fine aggregate. From the study maximum first crack load, maximum ultimate load was obtained for ferrocement laminates with 30% steel slag, volume fraction 2.348% in case of galvanised square weld mesh and 3.770 in case of chicken mesh.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58172
Title: Effective use of lime and alum along with synthetic polyelectrolyte in treatment of dairy industry waste water
Author: J K Kapoor, Shagufta Jabin and H S Bhatia
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Dairy waste water, coagulant, Flocculants, polyelectrolyte, lime, alum
Abstract: One of the promising technologies for removal of undesirable pollutants from dairy waste wter is coagulation and flocculation. The present study is aimed to examine the effect of lime, alum as a coagulant and synthetic polyelectrolyte accofloc A-110 as a coagulant aid for removal of pollutants from dairy waste water. A conventional jar test apparatus was employed for the test. The desired pH range of the waste water for the treatment of alum and polyelectrolyte has been adjusted with the help of lime. The result indicated that polyelectrolyte accofloc A-110 in conjuction with alum has been able to remove 98% turbidity, 92.15% TSS, 97.37% oil & grease. Finally, substantial removal of COD (93.99%) and BOD (94.62%) were achieved from dairy waste water. The colour and odour have also got removed completely by this technique. In conclusion, accofloc A-110 is an effective coagulant aid which can reduce the level of undesirable pollutants from dairy waste water.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58171
Title: Groundwater quality monitoring of Ujjain city at Madhya Pradesh, India
Author: Hemant Yadav, Sarita Sharma, Ashok Sharma and Sanjay Vermat
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Physico-chemical parameters, Water quality index, Ujjain city
Abstract: The physico-chemical characteristics of Ujjain city were studied during Jan 2011-Dec 2011. Samples were collected from 15 locations of Ujjain cityfrom various ground water sources for seasonal variations in water quality parameters in rainy, winter and summer seasons. In this study, water quality index was determined on the basis of various physico-chemical parameters like pH, TDS, BOD, COD, Total Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Chloride, turbidity and colour. The result revealed that there were significant seasonal variations in some physico-chemical parameters and "WQI". The results indicaes excellent status of water during rainy and winter seasons, however very good status was reported during the summer season. Therefore water of Ujjain city is suitable for drinking purpose.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58170
Title: Hydrochemical analysis of groundwater quality in Coimbatore South taluk, Tamilnadu, India
Author: K Murali and R Elangovan
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Coimbatore South Taluk, Groundwater Quality, SAR, RSC,EC
Abstract: The study was conducted to evaluate the hydrochemical characteristics of ground water and to identify the suitability for irrigation purpose at twenty seven locations in Coimbatore South Taluk, Coimbatore District. The physico chemical composition of groundwter samples was statitically analyzed for Post Monsoon (POM) and Pre Monsoon (PRM) seasons, the distribution of cations and anions during both seasons were found to be Na+> Ca2+> Mg2+ and HCO3->Cl- >SO42-. The values of TDS and EC exceed the permissible limits at some locations due to increase in ionic concentrations. Based on EC, Na%, SAR and RSC it is observed that the quality assessment for agricultural use indicates that water is excellent to good quality in most of the places and can be used for irrigation without any hazard. However, the high RSC values a few locations restrict suitability for irrigation purpose.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58169
Title: Length-weight relationship and condition factor of two carp species in Shettikere lake of Mysore, India
Author: K L Sachidanandamurthy, B N Madhuranath and B K Chethan
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Length-weight relationship, Relative condition factor, Cube law, Shettikere
Abstract: Length-Weight relationship and condition factor of two commercially important freshwater carp species viz; Catla catla and Labeo rohita were studied during different seasons, spreading over twenty months, to find out whether the carps cultured in Shettikere lake show normal allometric growth or not. The value of exponent ' b ' in the equation W=aLb were 1.5 to 2.71 and 1.6 to 2.15 for Catla catla and Labeo rohita respectively. The subnormal growth of these fishes were also reflected in their relative condition factor, which remained less than 1 during the entire study period.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58168
Title: Trace metal concentrations in the different parts of Perna viridis collected from some jetties in the straits of Johore
Author: Y J Eugene NG, C K Yap, M P Zakaria, A Z Aris and S G Tan
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Trace metals, Perna viridis, The straits of Johore
Abstract: The Straits of Johore is a hotspot area of metal pollution in the southern part of Peninsular Malaysia. In this study, green-lipped mussels Perna viridis were collected from three sites from the Straits of Johore in April 2011. The mussel tissues were dissected into eight parts including byssus, crystalline style, foot, gill, gonad, mantle, muscle and remainder. The total shells and all the dissected eight parts were determined for nine trace metal concentrations (Ag, As, Co, Cr, Cs, Hg, Mn, Se and Sr) by using an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer, because these nine trace metals are rarely reported in the literature from Malaysia. Based on the present data, Sr and Mn have a very different accumulation pattern in mussels when compared with other trace metals. It is also found that the byssus is highly accumulative of Co and Cr, while the shell is also highly accumulative of for Sr. When compared to the metal levels reported in the literature, the present data are considered low. Further studies are needed to confirm why Gelang Patah population had the highest levels of Ag, As, Cs, Mn and Se when compared to Senibong and Pantai Lido, based on some mussel parts. The present data in the different tissues of P. viridis are important for future reference.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58167
Title: Use of different tissues of horseshoe crabs Tachypleus gigas for biomonitoring heavy metal bioavailability and contamination in intertidal area of Peninsular Malaysia
Author: C K Yap and W Chew
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Heavy metals, Tachypleus gigas, Peninsular Malaysia
Abstract: In this study, female horseshoe crabs Tachypleus gigas were collected from three sampling sites in the west intertidal waters of Peninsular Malaysia. The horseshoe crabs species were analyzed for Cu, Cu, Ni and Zn in the different dissected ten parts namely prosomatic carapace, opisthosomatic carapace, telson, operculum, remaining shells, muscles in the opisthosoma, eggs, gills, digestive tract, and remaining soft tissue. Cu and Zn levels in all the edibles were lower than the max permissible limits of food safety guidelines but Cd concentration of the horseshoe carbs eggs were found to have slightly exceeded the permissibly limits for food safety. Higher bioavailabilities of metals to biomonitor T. gigas were found at populations collected from high anthropogenic site at Kg. Pasir Puteh. This verified the higher metal levels in the tissues of T. gigas were related to the anthropogenic sources of the sampling site.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58166
Title: An adaptive system of vigilance in spotted deer (Axis axis ) herds in response to predation
Author: Ratna Ghosal and Arun Venkataraman
Editor: P Balaram
Year: 2013
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 104, No 6, 25 March 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Chital, co-evolution, dhole, vigilance, predation
Abstract: Spotted deer or chital (Axis axis), a major prey species in southern India, lives in large groups. To understand the benefits of group living, we carried out observations on chital herds under natural conditions. Individual and group vigilance showed a negative correlation with herd size, whereas the latter had a positive correlation proportion of vigilant individuals. Furthermore, individual vigilance was negatively correlated with proportion of individuals vigilant and positively correlated with grop vigilance. These results are explained in the context of a three phase vigilance system, probably operative in the chital herd, under specified ecological conditions. We surmise that this system allows for adaptation to predation risk and has possibly co-evolved with the optimal hunting strategy of the predator.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58165
Title: Two thousand years of iron smelting in the Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, North East India
Author: Pawel Prokop and Ireneusz Suliga
Editor: P Balaram
Year: 2013
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 104, No 6, 25 March 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Ancient metallurgy, furnace, iron slag, radiocarbon dating
Abstract: Radiocarbon dating of charcoal from iron slag revealed evidence of continuous iron smelting in the Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, NE India spanning the last two millennia. The slag layer, which is dated to 2040 +80 years BP (353 BC- AD 128), is the earliest iron smelting site sutided in the entire region of NE India. The presence of w?stite, fayalite, glass and metal iron, together with spinels such as hercynite in the slag, indicates that it was an acid product of a bloomery iron-making process. The relative isolation of the Khasi people, who inhabited a highly elevated plateau, is evidence of the indigenous origin of this manufacturing technology, although diffusion of knowledge through cultural and technical contacts or population migration cannot be excluded.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58164
Title: Power generation using wind energy in northwest Karnataka, India
Author: Sheela K Ramasesha and Arindam Chakraborty
Editor: P Balaram
Year: 2013
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 104, No 6, 25 March 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Power generation, plant load factor, turbines, wind energy
Abstract: On the backdrop of climate change scenario, there is emphasis on controlling emission of greenhouse gases such as CO2. Majro thrust being seen worldwide as well as in India is for generation of electricity from renewable sources like solar and wind. Chitradurga area of Karnataka is identified as a suitable location for the production of electricity from wind turbines because of high wind-energy resource. The power generated and the performance pf 18 wind turbines located in this region are studied based on the actual field data collected over the past seven years. Our study shows a good prospect for expansion of power production using wind turbines.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58163
Title: Rajasthan lignite as a source of unconventional oil
Author: S V Raju and N Mathur
Editor: P Balaram
Year: 2013
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 104, No 6, 25 March 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Lignite, liquid fuel and gas, organic geochemistry, unconventional oil
Abstract: Coal and lignite can be converted to liquid fuel and gas through various processes that involve gasification and/or direct liquefication. An assessment of lignite for conversion to oil and gas has been attempted based on samples from two mines in the districts of Bikaner-Nagapur and Barmer in Rajasthan. The evaluation, based on organic geochemical studies, indicates that lignite contains a mixture of type II and type III organic matter which can be a source of both oil and gas. The study indicates moderate potential for conversion of lignite to liquid fuel and gas. It justifies a more comprehensive and detailed study of the Rajasthan lignite for production of unconventional fuels in pursurnace of clean coal technology options.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58162
Title: Isotropic studies of megacryometeors in Western India
Author: R D Deshpande, A S Maurya, R C Angasaria, Medha Dave, A D Shukla, N Bhandari and S K Gupta
Editor: P Balaram
Year: 2013
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 104, No 6, 25 March 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Atmospheric moisture, cosmogenic radionuclides, ice stone, megacryometeors, Stable isotopes
Abstract: Four unusually large ice-stones (megacryometeors) weighing several kilograms fell in western India during October-November 2010. Samples were retrieved from three fall events. To study the origin and formation of these megacryometeors, ? 18O, ? D, chemical composition and ? -activity were meausred. The range of ?18O- ?D is similar to the local meteoric water, suggesting origin from local atmospheric water vapour. The relative humidity at ~4 km altitude was higher during a few days before and after the fall. No ? - activity from cosmogenic radionuclides such as 26Al could be detected in the inherent dust. These studies indicate terrestrial origin of these megacryometeors.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58161
Title: Arthropod from the Bikaner - Nagaur Basin, Peninsular Inida
Author: Birendra P Singh, O N Bhargava, Naval Kishore, A D Ahluwalia, Ravi S Chuabey
Editor: P Balaram
Year: 2013
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 104, No 6, 25 March 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58160
Title: Early Ediacaran (terminal neoproterozoic) sponges and additional associated microbiota from Chambaghat Formation, Krol Group, Himachal lesser Himalaya
Author: Rupendra Babu, Naresh Chandra Mehrotra, Sabyasachi Shome, Shambhu Nath, Vinod Kumar Mathur
Editor: P Balaram
Year: 2013
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 104, No 6, 25 March 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58159
Title: Time ' s arrow as a signature of fuzzy spacetime
Author: B G Sidharth
Editor: P Balaram
Year: 2013
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 104, No 6, 25 March 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None