ID: 58188
Title: Studies on some of the trace metals present in different oyster species of Karwar waters, India
Author: J L Rathod and Smruta Phal
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: C. cucculata, C madrasensis, trace metals, Karwar
Abstract: The present study deals with the evaluation of Fe and Mn in Crassostrea cucculata and Crassostera madrasensis important edible oysters of the region from July to December 2010. During the recent past enough quantity of iron and manganese was exported from this region and there are rumors that large quantity of these metals are spilled in the near shore water during transport. So an attempt was made to find out the bioaccumulation status of these metals in above said oysters. For the present study two sites are selected they are Kodibagh and Baithkol. Here the concentration of Mn and Fe in the oysters is comparatively higher (547.297 ppm) in Crassostrea cucculata in September at Baithkol aera compared to Crassostrea madrasensis (13.513 ppm) at Kodibagh, followed by (146.396 ppm) in October in Crassostrea cucculata compared to Crassostrea madrasensis (139.63 ppm) and (103. 60 ppm) in November in Crassostrea cucculata compared to Crassostrea madrasensis (15.765 ppm). From the above data it was concluded that oysters stored very high concentration of metals, followed by sediment and water samples, in all the three components observed values were higher than permissible limits of BIS.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58187
Title: Variations in physico - chemical properties of local water bodies of Nagpur city, Maharashtra, India due to idol immersions
Author: P M Tumane and N A Tambe
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Idol immersions, Physico-chemical properties, water pollution
Abstract: Every year, several tonnes of religious waste are dumped in rivers and ponds in India. Idols, flowers and other material used in ceremonies are discarded at the end of the festive period. The idols contain mercury, lead, cadmium and other heavy metals. The paints form a layer on the surface of the water that reduces the dissolved oxygen levels. In the present study total three sampling sites were assessed in 2010 for its physico-chemical characteristics with respect to idol immersion. All the samples collected by means of composite sampling to know the physico-chemical quality of water of selected sites. The analysis was carried out to estimate the differnce in the values of various parameters before and after idol immersions like DO, COD, BOD, chloride, lead, mercury and zinc by using the standard methods as given in APHA, (1995).
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58186
Title: Impact of industrialization on physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil in Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India
Author: S Maria Victorial Rani, R Usha and M Mary Joshphine
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Soil sample, physicochemical and biological parameters, heavy metal tolerance, fungal population
Abstract: The impact of industries on soil ecology was studied in terms of physical, chemical and biological characteristics by taking soil samples from six different locations in the vicinity of different industries in Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu. The study revealed that soil from site I had comparatively low specific gravity, porosity and moisture content than all other sites. All the other sites did not vary much in specific gravity, porosity and soil moisture. At site I the soil was highly acidic (pH 1.93) but was alkaline at other sites. Similarly organic matter content was also poor in site I than all other sites. Heavy metal analysis showed that Al, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Ag and Zn were present in higher concentration at site I. Soil from site III had lower concentration of these heavy metals as compared to site I. Density, frequency and abundance of fungal population were analysed using dilution method. Overall freqeuncy of Curvularia (100%) was higher in the soil of site III. There were 14 species of fungi identified in various soil samples. Among these, curvularia and Penicillium were occurred at all sites. On the contrary, Bipolaris, Dicoccum and Chaetospharellawere observed only at site I. From this study it is clear that species of Bipolaris, Dicoccum adn Chaetospharella found at site I being highly polluted with heavy metals, expressed heavy metal tolerance. By further study these organims could be used for bioremediation strategy in soil reclamation programme.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58185
Title: Assessment of pollution status of a canal in Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala with special reference to biological components - A case study
Author: M S Ragi and D S Jaya
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Canal, water quality, indicators, physico-chemical, biological
Abstract: The present study was conducted to assess the phycio-chemical, bacteriological and biological characteristics of a canal named Kariyilthodu, in Thiruvananthapuram District, Kerala. The canal receives waste water from Milma (Kerala Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd) dairy at Ambalathara in Thiruvananthapuram, and also receives huge amount of domestic waste waters from nearby residential areas. The study was carried out in the pre-mosoon, post-monsoon, monsoon seasons during the period December 2006 to 2008. In all the seasons studied the dissolved oxygen content was below the surface water quality standards, and the bio-chemical oxygen demand and free carbon dioxide content was high. The results of physico-chemical parameters indicated that the water body is polluted or stressed. Bacteriological analysis showed that water was mainly contaminated with faecal coliforms. Also in the present study pollution tolerant or potential indiator organisms like Navicula, Oscillatoria, Scenedesmus, Closterium, Spirogyra, Euglena, Phacus, Difflugia, Rotaria rotaria, and Philodina citrina were observed, indicating that the canal water is organically polluted.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58184
Title: Planktonic diversity of selected ponds of Puthalam Panchayath, Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu, India
Author: V Mary Kensa and S Jeyakavitha
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Biotic, consumers, plankton, monsoon and synthetic
Abstract: The quality of water is very important for any other aquatic ecosystems because any change in water directly or indirectly affects the biotic environment. Freshwater ecosystem is key component in the food web and plays an important role in nutrient recycling. The plankton both as producers and consumers play an important role in the energy transfer in an ecosytem. In this investigation, water samples were collected from AzhavanKulam and Palkulam of Putheri area and analysis were done during the period of July 2011 to December 2012. In Palkulam pond the Bacillariophyceae is 33%, Cyanophyceae 16.5%, chlorophyceae 26.2%, and Euglenophyceae 7.76% (Premonsoon) and Bacillariophyceae is 22.3%, Cyanophyceae 15.5%, Chlorophyceae 22.3% and Euglenophyceae 6.79% (Monsoon). In AzhavanKulam, the Bacillariophyceae 24.4%, Cyanophyceae 18.6% , Chlorophyceae 22.0% , Euglenophyceae 6.9% (monsoon). Based on the present investigation organic matters are possible to grade waters with reference to the degree of organic pollution by using a synthetic approach.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58183
Title: Analysis of heavy metal concentration in certain fishery resources in the lower reaches of Periyar river, Kerala, India
Author: P Nimisha and S Sheeba
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Heavy metals, fishery resources, Periyar river, contamination
Abstract: All aquatic organisms need very low quantities of heavy metals. At optimum concentration they are beneficial and beyond that limit it causes deleterious effects on the ecosystems. The present study has brought out the amount of heavy metals such as Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr in the different fishery resources collected from four different stations of Periyar river during the period January 2009 to December 2009. Heavy metals such as Cd, Cu, Pb and Zinc were above permissible limit and Cr was below detection limit at almost all the stations. The statistical analysis showed significant or insignificnat differences. The contamination of these heavy metals in fishes may cause significant health risks, if they enter human food chain.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58182
Title: Impact of climate change on the agricultural sector in Ujjain, M. P., India
Author: kamal Barman, Ashok K Sharma, Sarita Sharma and Sanjay Verma
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Climate change, Ujjain, Agriculture, Panel data
Abstract: This paper estimates the economic impact of climate change on Ujjain agriculture. The author has tried to estimate the effect of random year-to-year variation in weather on agricultural output using a 10-year district-panel data set covering over different area locations. These panel estimates incorporate farmer ' s within-year adaptations to annual weather shocks. The author feels that these estimates, derived from short-run weather effects, are also relevant for predicting the medium-run economic impact of climate change if farmers are constrained in their ability to recognize and adapt quickly to changing mean climate. The predicted medium-run impact is negative and statistically significant. It is felt that projected climate change reduces major crop yields by 4.5 to 9%. The long-run impact is dramatic, reducing yields by 25 percent or more in the absence of long run adaptation. These results suggest that climate change is likely to impose significant costs on the agriculture economy unless farmers can quickly recognize and adapt to increasing temperature.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58181
Title: Vermicomposting of organic fraction of Municipal solid waste and sugar mill waste
Author: S P Ravikannan, G Manjula and T Meenambal
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Vermicomposting, Municipal solid waste, Sugar mill waste, Effective microorganisms
Abstract: Several sugar mills are located in the sugar cane cultivation areas of Coimbatore. Sugar extraction from the cane stalks and sugar production provides molasses and filter cake as a by-product of the plant. The utilization of this by-product is important for the economy of the global use of the crop. There is a market for filter cake as a matter for domesticated meal, organic acid production and as soil amendment. In this study, a series of experimental studies were conducted with regard to bioconversion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste along with sugar mill waste at different C/N ratios suing combined composting and vermicomposting technology. The variation in physical and chemical parameters was monitored throughout the process. The results indicate that combined composting and vermicomposting of sugar mill waste with municipal solid waste produces high quality compost.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58180
Title: Studies on the physico-chemical characteristics of water samples of Putheri area, Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu, India
Author: V Mary Kensa and S Jeyakavitha
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Anthropogenic, chlorides, period water pollution, water quality of ponds
Abstract: Assessments of physico-chemical parameters were carried out during July 2011 to February 2012 from two ponds namely Azahavan pond and Palkulam. These two sites were subjected to various anthropogenic activities. Analysis of collected water sampels with references to various physic-chemical parameters like pH, Temperature, Dissolved oxygen, Total alkalinity, chloride, NO3, PO4, and SO4. From the values of all these parameters it was observed that there was a fluctuating behaviour throughout the said peirod. the highest level of pollution was found at Palkulam. the present investigation indicates high progressive pollution levels in the Palkulam during monsoon.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58179
Title: Study on endemic fluorosis in Avaraikulam panchayat of Tirunelveli district in Tamil Nadu, India
Author: D Santhi
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Fluorosis, fluoride, ground water
Abstract: This paper deals with sources of fluoride and methods of its spread and a survey was conducted in these villages by a specially prepared questionnaire. This survey reveals the fact that majority of the residents of these villages were affected by fluorosis. The primary aim of this survey was to find out contamination of fluoride and other parameters in the samples of drinking water from different parts of these areas.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58178
Title: Assessment of water quality index of the municipal filtered water in Shivpuri town, Madhya Pradesh, India
Author: Anand Kumar Mishra, Mohit Arya, R Mathur and R B Gupta
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Water, water quality, human health, filtered water, Shivpuri town
Abstract: The present work is aimed at assessing teh water quality index (WQI) of the muicipal filtered water of Shivpuri town. THis has been determined by collecting filtered water samples and subjecting them to a comprehensive physico-chemical analysis. For calculating the WQI, the following 12 parameters pH, TS, TDS, TSS, EC, total alkalinity, magnesium, calcium, total hardness, chlorides, sulphates, and nitrates have been considered. The high value of WQI was found to be mainly due to higher values of nitrate, total dissoleved solids and hardness, in the filtered water. The results of anlayses have been used to suggest models for predicting water quality. The analysis reveals that the filtred water of the area needs some more treatment before consumptiom, and also needs to be protected from the perils of contamination.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58177
Title: UASB reactor efficiency for anerobic treatment of dairy wastewater
Author: Vijay Kahar, Ashok K Sharma, Sarita Sharma and Sanjay Verma
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Dairy wastewater, anaerobic treatment, UASB, OLR, HRT
Abstract: The present study is aimed to assess the efficiency of Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor under differetn operating conditions. Anaerobic treatment of dairy wastewater by UASB reactor, operated on anerobic sludge granules developed from digested cow dung slurry and earthworm cultured soil conducted under the mesophilic (20 - 400C). A PVC pipe with a diameter of 11cm and total height of 115 cm and effective height of 69.4 cm was used with a working volume of 6.6 L as a reactor. The COD concentration used in the present study ranges between 500 mg/L to 3300 mg/L. The digester efficiency of treating dairy wastewater at varying HRT of 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h with the corresponding OLR are 2.12, 2.02, 1.52, 1.02 and 0.68 kg COD/m3/day respectively. During this study, which lasted for 41 days when pH was maintained between 6.9 to 7.5. Finally, the COD concentrations of the UASB reactor effluent with optimum HRT of 48 h and OLR of 1.02 kg COD/m3/day was obtained to be 1003 mg/L corresponding to treatment efficiency of 67%.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58176
Title: Analysis of fluorides in ground water of district Mathura (U P), India
Author: Gopal Prasad, Praveen Kumar and K C Gupta
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Mathura District, Fluoride, Groundwater
Abstract: An attempt has been made to study the physico-chemical condition of the ground waters of Mathura district (U.P). Eight water samples, 4 from hand pumps and 4 from the tube wells were collected from different around the main city Mathura. The duration of the study was from January 2010 to June 2010. The physico-chemical parameters analyzed were pH, temperature, turbidity, DO, BOD, COD, chlorides, fluorides, sulphates, nitrates and total hardness. It was observed that all other parameters are within range when compared with WHO standards, only fluorides and chlorides were present in excess amount in tube well water of Chaumuhan villages. It has also been observed that tube well water samples have higher fluoride ions concentration as compared to hand pump water samples.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58175
Title: Study of physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater at Erode, Tamilnadu, India
Author: S Ramesh and G Vennila
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Ground water, physico-chemical parameters, drinking water standards
Abstract: The fast industrial growht and unsuitable agricultural practices have led to contaminate the water sources. The present study deals with the evaluation of ground water quality at different locations of Erode, Tamil Nadu. Water samples were collected from different locations and analyzed for various water quality parameters like pH, Turbidity, Electrical conductivity, Total dissolved solids, Total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, nitrate, chloride, fluoride, sulphate and total alkalinity to evaluate their quality. The results indicate that the water has grossly high values of Hardness and Alkalinity, which makes the water unfit for drinking.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58174
Title: Studies on various thematic maps for identifying ground water potential zones of Bhavani Taluk, Erode district, India
Author: J Abdul Bari and G Vennila
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: EM International, Vol 32 (1), 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Thematic maps, Land use/land cover, weighted overlays/ARC GIS
Abstract: Water is one of the important and essential sources of human life. The sources of water on the earth surface is of surface source and sub-surface source. About 97.2% of water presents in the earth as salt water and the remaining 2.8% of water occurs as fresh water. Out of these 2.8%, 0.6% of water is available in the sub-surface as ground water. Therefore it becomes necessary to identify, assess and estimate the quality and quantity of ground water. This apper mainy deals with the generation of various thematic maps and obtaining fluctuations between the ground water level and rainfall intensity over a period of ten years (2000 to 2010) for the study area Bhavani Taluk, Erode district. The study was Bhavani taluk covers an area of 1503.72 km2 with 3 blocks and 57 villages. The thematic maps such as geology, geomorphologoy, land use/ land cover and drainage maps were generated. The generated thematic maps are then analyzed by means of weighted overlays analysis using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Using this weighted overlays anlaysis priority is given as 1, 2 and 3 for the properties of geology, geomorphology, land use/land cover and drainage for the study area and the ground water potential zones were identified.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None