ID: 58278
Title: Biochemical changes and visual appearance of Indian major carp, Labeo rohita during ice storage
Author: K Sravani, K Dhanapal, A Balasubramanian and G V S Reddy
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Rohu, biochemical and visual analysis, ice storage
Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the quality changes of fresh Indian Major Carp (IMC), Rohu during ice storage in a polystyrene insulated box for 18 days. Biochemical and visual analysis were carried out on every alternate day. Moisture content decreased significantly form the 12th day of storage. Total crude protein slightly decreased throughout the period of study where as ash content fluctuated throughout the storage study. The fat content increased up to 8th day and then slightly decreased till the end of storage period. The value of pH increased from 6.51 0.00 up to 10th day and then showed a slight decreasing trend. The parameter values of Trimethylamine Nitrogen (TMAN), Total Volatile Base Nitrogen (TVBN), Free Fatty Acids (FFA) and other lipid peroxidation products like Peroxide Value (PV), Thiobar Butric Acid (TBA) value increased gradually. Both chemical anlayses and visual appearance examination showed that the quality of rohu fish was in acceptable condition up to 17th day of ice storage. Results from chemical analysis were well correlated with basic visual appearance.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58277
Title: Weed diversity of Thirumoolanager, Azhagappapuram, Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India
Author: V Mary Kensa and Melda
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Weed diversity, Plants
Abstract: The present paper deals with the weed diversity of Thirumoolanager area.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58276
Title: Expression of TLR and beta-actin in shrimp (Penaeus monodon) tissues induced by in vivo infection with vibrio species
Author: P Dhasarathan, S Paulsi and A H M Harish
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: P.monodon, toll like receptor, beta-actin, polymerase chain reaction and immunity
Abstract: Shrimp suffers high morbidity and mortality in infection, presumably because of the lack of a fully adaptive and innate immune system. Interest in understanding shrimp immunity has incrased because of its importance in disease control. In this study the expression of Toll like receptor (TLR) and beta-action genes were isolated and sequenced from the tiger shrimp, P. monodon after the experimental infection of Vibrio species. Constitutive expression of the TLR and beta-actin genes were detected by Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in all shrimp organs including gut, hepatopancreas, gills and muscle. Comparative expressionof mRNA of TLR in various organs of P. monodon showed that there was a good expression in gills compared to other organs. Identification of TLR and beta-actin will help to elucidate the toll pathway in shrimp innate immunity. PCR amplification of cDNA extracted from beta-actin in shrimp has an expected product size of 450bp. PCR amplification of cDNA with TLR specific primers has the product size of 800bp. Comparison of the expression of TLR in healthy and experimentally infected shrimp showed that the expression of TLR is more in experimentally infected shrimp. The PCR amplified sequence beta-actin and TLR sequence of shrimp were analyzed using the BLAST program. These findings suggest that TLR is an important factor in the shrimp (P. monodon) innate immune response against bacterial infection.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58275
Title: Weeds and its ethno-botanical aspects of Thirumoolanager, Azhagappapuram, Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu
Author: V Mary Kensa and Melda
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: alpha-amylase, Bacillus subtilis, submerged fermentation, Amylase production
Abstract: The present paper pen down the ethno-botanical aspects of weedy species of Thirumoolanager.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58274
Title: Production and characterization of amylase from Bacillus subtilis
Author: Tapaswini Dash and Pratima Ray
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: alpha-amylase, Bacillus subtilis, submerged fermentation, Amylase production
Abstract: The present study is concerned with the production of alpha-amylase by Bacillus subtilis. The fermentation was carried oiut by continuous shaking in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 100 mL of the medium. The maximum production of the enzyme was optimized at the pH 7.5, while the incubation temperature investigated was 370C. The production of enzyme was obtained maximum at 120 hours after incubation (85.940 IU/mL/min).
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58273
Title: Studies on extracellular proteinase activity from Curvularia verruculosa causing phaeohyphomycosis
Author: Shesh Rao Nawange, Varsha Aglawe, Ruchika Yadu, Ruchi Sethi Gutch, Aditi Tiwari, Kalpana Waswani, Shanker Mohan Singh and Jaishree Naidu
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Phaeohyphomycosis, Subcutaneous infection, Curvularia verruculosa, Proteinase activity
Abstract: We report two cases of Phaeohyphomycosis caused by Curvularia verruculosa and subsequent purification and characterization of proteinase produced by it and establishes its significance in pathogenesis. C. verruculosa was isolated repeatedly from subcutaneous lesion and blood of a 7-year-old male child and in another instance from the blood of a 55-year old diabetic male with cellulitis on Sabouraud ' s Dextrose Agar (SDA) medium with 0.5 mg/mL chloramphenicol. An exocellular proteinase produced by C. verruculosa in a glucose-peptone broth was purified from lyophilized and dialysed culture filtrate of the fungus by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The purified enzyme was homogenous protein that could hydrolyse bovine serum albumin and hemoglobin. The enzyme showed neutral pH optimum and maximum activity at 400C temperature after 60 m of incubation. Enzyme was totally inhited by EDTA and HgCl2. As the strain of C. verruculosa was isolated from peripheral blood of patients with diabetes and cellulitis, it is concluded that this fungus must be producing natural metalloproteinase in-vivo also, that could utilize hemoglobin and serum albumin as protein source for its nutritional requirement in the blood thus surviving and causing infection in such patients.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58272
Title: Molecular indentification of Escherichia coli isolated from lakes of Udaipur (Raj), India
Author: Inu Rawal, Harshada Joshi and B L Chaudhary
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: E.coli, PCR, 16S rRNA, EMB agar
Abstract: The presence of Escherichia coli in water could be of considerable public health significance because E.coli is the major microbiological indicator for faecal contamination. In the present study molecular identification of E. coli isolated from two of the lakes of Udaipur named as Pichhola and Fatehsagar was done. A total of 40 isolates were recovered on nutrient agar medium. Out of these 40 isolates, 5 isolates were tentatively identified as E. coli on the basis of their biochemical characteristics. Genomic DNA of these 5 isolates were extracted and subjected to PCR. Three oligonucleotide 16S rRNA gene based primers namely 16E1, 16E2 and 16E3 were used in the PCR to identify E. coli isolates. All the 5 isolates showed expected 584 bp PCR amplified product conforming their identification.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58271
Title: Production of L(+) lactic acid by Lactobacillus delbrueckii in batch fermentation
Author: R K Pathak, H Barot, V Shetty, H Yusuf and N E Pereira
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Sardinella fimbriata, Kinematic viscosity, flash point, cloud point, Calculated Cetane Index (CCI)
Abstract: The paper describes production of L(+) Lactic Acid by Lactobacillus delbrueckii in batch fermentation. Experiment shows that the lactic acid production by using Lactobacillus delbrueckii was successful and the bacteria took around 48 hours for the total conversion of reducible sugar into lactic acid. During ferementation, the reducible sugar content of the sample reduced from 9.81% to less than 1.47% over a period of 48 hours. As the fermentation time increases Reducing sugar goes on decreasing, calcium lactate yield increases gradually, yield increases to an maximum level and conversion also increase with increase in time. Selectivity showed mixed trends. It is observed that during the fermentation time (48 hours), almost all the reducing sugar was converted to calcium lactate. The wild strain of Lactobacillus delbrueckii takes about 96 -120 hours for completion. However, the mutated strain was able to compelet the fermentation process in about 48 hours. This proves that, the conversion time was reduced by more than 50% by non specific mutagenesis by exposing the wild type strain of Lactobacillus delbrueckii to Ultraviolet light for two minutes. The exact reason for the improvement cannot be pointed out since the genomic parts affected by exposure to ultraviolet light are unknown.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58270
Title: Genetic characterization by PCR-RAPD of four important species of bamboo, found in Sindhudurg district, Maharashtra state, India
Author: Vijay N. Waghmare and Uttamkumar S Bagde
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: RAPD, DNA-fingerprinting, SCAR, genetic characterization, Ritcheyi, Stocksii, Sindhudurg
Abstract: Bamboo belongs to the family Poaceae the monocotyledonous plants. Bamboos are an integral part of forestry and one of the major Non Timber Forest Products in the tropical and sub-tropical forests in Asia. Bamboo is regarded as the major resource that meets the need of common man and also a poverty alleviator due to its multipurpose uses. The Sindhudurg district, Maharashtra, India, is a good pocket of wild as well as cultivated bamboo. This district is rich in Bamboo flora specially four species viz. Bambusa bambos; Pseudoxytenanthera ritcheyi; Pseudoxytenanthera stocksii and Dendrocalamus strictus. To study the genetics of bamboo one has to face enormous difficulties simply because of rare flowering and we cannot make hybridizations as easily as like other angiosperms. For genetic characterization of bamboo the Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method is used. This method of DNA profiling is proven excellent for identification, phylogenetic analysis, population studies and genetic linkage mapping of many plant species. Establishing multilocus markers RAPD analysis of genomes provides a versatile and rapid technology requiring low infrastructural input and use of arbitrary primers for developing plant DNA fingerprinting. In the present study, a comparative genetic analysis of four species of bamboo B. bambus, P. ritcheyi, P. stocksii and D. strictus Collected from Sindhudurg district of Maharashtra, India had been carried out using PCR-RAPD analysis. The present results warrant an extensive survey of genetic variation between the given four species of bamboo. The results would be helpful in designing SCAR (sequence characterized amplified regions) marker for each species. These SCAR markers can be used as diagnostic marker to authenticate samples of given four species.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58269
Title: Biodiesel fuel (B-10) production using water fishes (Sardinella fimbriata)
Author: M G Mohideen Abdul Khader, G Abhishek, G Priya and D Magesh Peter
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Sardinella fimbriata, Kinematic viscsity, flash point, cloud point, Calculated Cetane Index (CCI)
Abstract: The waste fishes of Sardinella fimbriata collected from the local fish market at Cuddalore was used for the Biodiesel fuel (B-10) production and the fuel was tested to find out Density (@150C in gm/cc), Water content, Kinematic Viscocity (@ 400C), Flash point, Cloud point, Acidity (mg of KOH/g), Copper strip Corrosion (@ 1000C for 3 hrs), Ash, Carbon residue, Sulphur content, Calculated Cetane Index (CCI) and Final Boiling point. ALl the values obtained were on par with ASTM specifications (D7467 - 10) and also Indian Standards specified for Automative Diesel fuel (BS II) (IS 1460: 2005) and Biodiesel (B-100) (IS 15607:2005). Therefore, Sardinella fimbriata can be used in Biodiesel fuel production and thereby serving as a suitable alternative for existing conventional petroleum diesel.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58268
Title: Effect of chlorination, antibiotics and UV radiation on Vibrio population in the hatchery system of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Deman)
Author: A Krishnika and P Ramasamy
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: M rosenbergii, Culture giant fresh water prawn, bacterial disease, vibrio
Abstract: Bacterial diseases are responsible for the high mortality and severe economic loss to the prawn aquaculture industry development especially in the culture gaint fresh water prawn M. rosenbergii. The present study was initiated to assess the occurrence and distribution of presumptive Vibrios and suggest control measures in hatcheries of fresh water prawn M. rosenbergii in tropical South India. The present study has shown the occurrence of a very high load of total heterotrophic bacterial count and total presumptive Vibrio count in the eleven different larval stages of M. rosenbergii. Total heterotrophic bacterial count was higher in the larval tank water throughout the cylce of the M. rosenbergii larval culture. Treatment methods chlorination, application of antibiotics, UV radiation alone and a combination of sequential treatments starting from chlorination (2 ppm) followed by sand filtration, dechlorination, UV radiation (10 sec) and microfiltration (5um size) were carried out and the study has also shown that hte sequential treatments in M. rosenbergii had resulted in the gradual reduction of bacterial counts and these are shown to be the best methods to control the bacterial population in hatcheries of fresh water prawn M. rosenbergii.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58267
Title: Efficacy of regent - 3G (Fipronil) against top borer Tryporyza (Scirpophaga) nivella (Fab.) on sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum Linn.)
Author: Praveen Kumar and K S Rana
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Regent -3G (Fipronil), Tryporyza (Scirpophaga) Nivella (Fab.), Sugarcane top borer, Saccharum officinarum L
Abstract: Some crops (i.e sugarcane, paddy etc) play a pivotal role in economic status of the country. Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is a high valued cash crop of India. It is a chief producer of sugar sugary products. In India, the yield of sugarcane is very low in the comparison of many other sugarcane producing countries. Many climatic conditions (i.e.-extreme hot summer, excessive rainfall, cold and frosty winter season), diseases, viruses etc. are major causes to declined sugarcane production. In spite of these factors, in different parts of India, sugarcane crop is also infested by over two hundreds number of insect pests i.e, borers, sucking, leaf eating type etc. in which sugarcane borers are heavy destroyer of sugarcane in country. Among them, sugarcane top borer Tryporyza nivella (Fab.) is one of the main causes of declined cane yield. During heavy destruction, the larvae (caterpillar) of this pest destroy the newly growing leaves resulting heavy quantity of sucrose is declined in the plant. Therefore, it is necessary to study the control of this pest infestation on its primary host sugarcane plant because through control of this pest the yeild of sugarcane may increase. So, in the present investigations, the author has tried to search the better control method of T. nivella during research on the selected sugarcane field.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58266
Title: Influence of biodynamic compost BD 500 on growth and development of leafy vegetable Amaranthus viridis
Author: V Sailaja, N Naga Ragini, and C V Narasimha Murthy
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Biodynamic compost, soil fertility, Amaranthus viridis, leaf quality
Abstract: Field experiments were conducted from June 2010 to April 2012 at Jawahar Bharati Degree and P G College gardens in order to evaluate the potential of utilizing Biodynamic compost BD 500 as a potential fertilizer, on the leafy vegetable Amaranthus viridis. The bioass, shoot length and root length were recorded in control and Biodynamic compost BD 500 treated plants. The total microbial count and the physicochemical properties of the soil such as pH, EC, N, P, K and OC (Organic carbon) were analyzed. Quantity of Phytohormones like Indole acetic acid (IAA), Gibberlic acid (GA3), kinetin and Abscisic acid in the manure samples by the Unyayar et al., (1996). There is an increase in biomass (69.8%), shoot length (35.2%) and root length (70.35%) in Biodynamic compost BD 500 treated plants over control. The chromatographic analysis of leaf revels that there is an increase in the carbohydrate, vitamin and mineral content of the leaf. The total viable count and the total bacterial count of Rhizobium, Azospirillum and Actinomycetes were enhanced in Biodynamic compost BD 500 treated soil. Plant growth substances present in Biodynamic compost BD 500 treated soil help to bring rapid changes in phenotypes of plants and also improves the growth and ultimately improve the productivity of Amaranthus viridis.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58265
Title: Biodegradation potential of indigenous Bacillus strains isolated from oil and sludge contaminated sites
Author: Smita Chaudhry, Jyoti Luhach, Pooja Mittal, Harsh Panwar and Chetan Sharma
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Biodegradation, indigenous, bacillus, hydrocarbons, degradation, oil, sludge, protein, incubation, surfactant
Abstract: The ability of indigenous bacterial strains to utilize petroleum as the sole carbon and energy source was investigated in this study. Twenty morphologically and biochemically different bacterial species were isolated from oil and sludge contaminated site. Of these eight isolates were found to be bacilli. Further molecular characterization of the isolates was done by genus specific PCR using primers targeting 16SrRNA. Three Bacillus isolates showed best growth with 1% (v/v) diesel and mineral salt medium in shake flask culture, comparable to that of known standard strains of Pseudomonas and Serratia sps. Also, high population growth, increase in optical density, increase in protein concentration and decrease in pH during the incubation period suggests diesel mineralizing ability of these three isolates. It can hence be concluded that the three isolated Bacillus strains have good potential for surfactant production and thereby ability to utilize hydrocarbons as carbon and energy source.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58264
Title: Diversity in rhizosphere fungi associated with common varieties of Litchi (Litchi chinensis) plants of North Bihar
Author: Rashmi Singh, A K Roy, A Rani, R S Mishra and S K Pandey
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Litchi chinensis, Rhizosphere fungi, seasonal distribution, diversity indices, species richness
Abstract: Rhizosphere soil samples (in triplicate) were collected randomly from two common varieties viz. Shahi and China of young and mother plants from Madhopur and Berauli research station of North Bihar. 34 fungal species belonging mainly to Deuteromycotina were isolated and characterized. Soil samples were also analyzed in order to correlate with species variation. No significant variation in species in relation to site was recorded however, Shahi variety was found to cater need of higher number of fungi in respective sites and soi texture. Species diversity indices of two surveyed sites were determined to study fungal species richness/eveness. The value of it was recorded high in Berauli site indicating minimum species diversity.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None