ID: 58293
Title: Impact of pastoral practices on forest cover and regeneration in the outer fringes of Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Himalaya
Author: Arun K Thakur, Gajendra Singh, Sarnam Singh, G S Rawat
Editor: Dr George Joseph
Year: 2011
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 39, No 1, March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Pastoral community, grazing, camping sites, monitoring, Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary
Abstract: The study reports the impact of migratory livestock in the buffer area of Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary. The cumulative impacts of livestock grazing, fuel wood extraction and other anthropogenic pressures on forest cover in and around camping sites have been analyzed using satellite data and field observations. Multi-date satellite data and field observations. Multi-date satelliet data were used to map the forest cover around 16 seasonal livestock camps. An annual loss of about 7.25 ha of forest covers during 1976-1990, 13.57 ha during 1990-1999 and 11.46 ha during 1999-2005 are recorded. A loss of 108.53 ha of forestland has been estimated during 1976-1990, about 122.16 ha during 1990-1999 and 68.78 ha during 1999-2005. It is also observed that many of the isolated camping sites are now connected due to loss of vegetation. Phytosociological analysis indicates that the number of seedlings and saplings in three species of Quercus (Q.leucotrichophora, Q.floribunda and Q. semecarpifolia) as compared to mature trees is very less around cattle camping sites. The ratio of number of sampling with seedling and trees indicates that the status of sapling is nil to very poor, an indication of loss of saplings due to either trampling or grazing.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58292
Title: Phytoplankton variability in the Bay of Bengal during winter Monsoon using Oceansat-1 ocean colour monitor data
Author: P V Nagamani, Rajesh Shikhakolli, Prakash Chauhan
Editor: Dr George Joseph
Year: 2011
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 39, No 1, March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Chlorophyll-a, ocean colour monitor, Bay of Bengal, Sea surface temperature
Abstract: Quantitative assessment of chlorophyll-a concentration and its variabiliyt is an important input for the oceanic primary productivity modeling and also a key parameter in the global carbon cycle studies. This present work is focused to understnad the spatial and temporal variability of phytoplankton in the Bay of Bengal (BOB) during winter monsoon season of October 1999 to March 2000 using Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) sensor onboard OCEANSAT-1 satellite. Daily chlorophyll - a images from OCM sensor were used in the study. Efforts were also put to study the correlation between chlorophyll-a concentrations; NOAA-AVHRR derived Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and QuickSCAT scatterometer derived wind stress data. Analysis of the chlorophyll-a images shows the presence of extensive phytoplankton blooms during mid December 1999 to early January 2000 in the western part of BOB. The bloom dominated regions also exhibit reduced SST (~24-270C) and enhanced wind stress indicating upwelling processes leading nutrient entainment in the upper columnof the sea surface. Apart from this, higher phytoplankton biomass associated with the fresh water reverine plumes has also been observed. During October 1999 a super cyclone was active in the BOB, as increase in the productivity was observed in the early November 1999 images of OCM data due to the cyclone induced churning of the water column.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58291
Title: Shoreline changes in Tharangampadi village, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu, India- A case study
Author: E Saranathan, R Chandrasekaran, D Soosai Manickaraj, M Kannan
Editor: Dr George Joseph
Year: 2011
Publisher: Indian SOciety of Remote Sensing, Vol 39, No 1, March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Shoreline, Remote sensing, GIS , GPS
Abstract: Coastal zone is very dynamic, being the meeting place of land and sea water. The development in coastal area and subsequent population growth have given rise to problems such as erosion, sedimentation, saltwater intursion, degradation of natural resources, etc. Satellite data has proved to be more appropriate for change detections quantifying and monitoring coastal zones compared to conventional sources. An attempt is being made ot elucidate the effectof shoreline changes with reference to the spatial and field data observed along the Tharangampadi area. The base map was prepared on 1:50,000 scale for delineation and identification of shoreline changes. The spatial variability of shoreline changes are studied using IRS 1B LISS-II 1991, IRS 1C LISS-III 2004 and IRS P6 LISS-IV and IRS 1D PAN merge data 2006. The corresponding Survey of India toposheets of 1852, 1972 and survey and land record village map of 1918 also supplemented for this study. The kind and extent of shoreline changes were investigated by using GPS during ground truth verification. The results are anlayzed and presented in this paper. The study results revealed that 180 m receding of the shoreline occurred in teh past 155 years.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58290
Title: Runoff estimation and morphometric analysis for Hesaraghatta watershed using IRS-ID LISS III FCC satellite data
Author: R K Somashekar, P Ravikumar, S V Sowmya, Mubhashir Aziz Dar, A S Ravikumar
Editor: Dr George Joseph
Year: 2011
Publisher: Indian SOciety of Remote Sensing, Vol 39, No 1, March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Hesaraghatta, watershed, Soil Conservation Services (SCS), Antecedent Moisture Conditions (AMC), runoff, Morphometric analysis
Abstract: The study area, Hesaraghatta watershed is located between 770 20 ' to 770 42 ' E longitude and 13010 ' to 130 24 ' N latitude with an area of 600.01km2. Thematic layers such as Land Use/Land Cover, drainage, soil and hydrological soil group were generated from IRS-ID LISS III satellite data (FCC). An attempt was made to estimate runoff using Soil Conservation Service (SCS) curve number model and it was estimated to be 1960, 2066, 1870 and 1810 mm for sub-watersheds 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Quantitative morphometric analysis was carried out for the entire watershed and the four sub-watersheds independently by estimating their (a) linear aspects like stream order, stream length, stream length ratio, bifurcation ratio, length of overland flow, drainage pattern (b) aerial aspects like shape factor, circulatory ratio, elongation ratio and drainage density and (c) relief aspects like basin relief, relief ratio, relative relief and ruggedness number. Drainage density was estimated to be 1.23 km/km2 designating the study area as a very coarse textured watershed.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58289
Title: Identification of groundwater potential zones of a tropical river basin (Kerala, India) using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques
Author: Preeja K R, Sabu Joseph, Jobin Thomas, Vijith H
Editor: Dr George Joseph
Year: 2011
Publisher: Indian SOciety of Remote Sensing, Vol 39, No 1, March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Groundwater potential, GIS, hydrogeomorphology, Ithikkara, India
Abstract: The present work accentuated the expediencyof remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) applications in groundwater studies, especially in the identification of groundwater potential zones in Ithikkara River Basin (IRB), Kerala India. The information on geology, geomorphology, lineaments, slope and land use/land cover was gathered from Landsat ET + data and Survey of India (SOI) toposheets of scale 1:50,000 in addition, GIS platform was used for the integration of various themes. The composite map generated was further classified according to the spatial variation of the groundwater potential. Four categories of groundwater potential zones namely poor, moderate, good and very good were identified and delineated. The hydrogeomorphological units like valley fills and alluvial plain and are potential zones for groundwater exploration and development and valley fills associated with lineaments is highly promising area for groundwater extraction. The spatial variation of the potential indicates that groundwater occurrence is controlled by geology, structures, slope and landforms.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58288
Title: Morphotectonic features and fault progagation folding of Bhuban hills, N E India using satellite image and DEM
Author: J D Das, Yazdana Shujat, A K Saraf, V Rawat, K Sharma
Editor: Dr George Joseph
Year: 2011
Publisher: Indian SOciety of Remote Sensing, Vol 39, No 1, March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Bhuban hills, morphotectonics, DEM, satellite image, faulting
Abstract: Present topography of Bhuban hills, lying in the Indo-Burman frontal fold belt of Northeastern part of India, is an aberration from a normal anticlinal longitudinal fault exhibits several transverse and longitudinal fault affected segments resulting into distinct morphotectonic units. Six different morphotectonic units could be delineated along N-S stretch of the hill ridge. The western side of the northern most part of the hill ridge forms steep escarpment as this portion has been affected by the longitudinal faulting representing a case of fault propagation folding. The northernmost segment comprising three morphotectonic units (MU1 to MU3) is unique in the sense that this part exhibits effect of both the longitudinal and transverse faulting, uplifted narrow ridge with downthrown eastern side (MU2). Northern part of the Bhuban Hills has become curved westward due to the right lateral movement along the transverse fault TF1. The fifth morphotectonic unit (MU5) has undergone subsidence whereas, the sixth unit (MU6) exhibit bulging effect as this part experienced differential fault movements. Stream profiles, longitudinal and transverse topographic profiles extracted from contour map and Digital Elevation Model corroborated with the topographical anomalies developed over the Bhuban Hills.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58287
Title: An integration of spatial information technology for groundwater potential and quality investigations in Koduvan Ar sub-watershed of Meenachil river basin, Kerala, India
Author: V B Rekha, A P Thomas, M Suma, H Vijith
Editor: Dr George Joseph
Year: 2011
Publisher: Indian SOciety of Remote Sensing, Vol 39, No 1, March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: GIS, Groundwater, Koduvan Ar, Meenachil, Kerala, MEC
Abstract: The importance of groundwater is growing based on an increase in need and decrease in the availability of fresh surface water sources and adequate rainfall. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) has become one of the leading tools in the field of hydrogeological science, which helps in assessing, monitoring and conserving groundwater resources. This paper describes the results of a groundwater potentiality and quality assessment conducted in Koduvan Ar sub-watershed of Meenachil river basin, Kottayam district of Kerala state, in the Republic of India. Shallow groundwater is the main source of drinking water in urban and rural areas, but reliable spatial data on its potentiality and quality are currently insufficient for developing the water-supply systems with standard designs. The methodology used in the present study includes an integrated approach of remote sensing and GIS for the construction of groundwater potentiality map and the assessment of water quality of identified wells. Different spatial data layers such as, geomorphology, lithology, slope and land use/land cover are generated and the interrelationship between these layers were anlayzed to identify and assess the groundwater potentiality of the area. The final result depicts the favourable prospective zones in the study area with its quality parameters and can be helpful to formulate recommendations to reduce the water scarcity and quality risks for public health.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58286
Title: Soil loss mapping for sustainable development and management of land resources in Warora Tehsil of Chandrapur district of Maharashtra: An integrated approach using remote sensing and GIS
Author: M S S Nagaraju, G P Obi Reddy, A K Maji, Rajeev Srivastava, P Raja, A K Barthwal
Editor: Dr George Joseph
Year: 2011
Publisher: Indian SOciety of Remote Sensing, Vol 39, No 1, March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Land resources, Remote sensing, soil erosion, conservation, USLE, GIS
Abstract: The study area is characterized by low and fluctuating rainfall pattern, thin soil cover, predominantly rain-fed farming with low productivity coupled with intensive mining activities, urbanization, deforestation, wastelands and unwise utilization of natural resources causing human induced environmental degradation and ecological imbalances, that warrant sustainable development and optimum management of land resources. Spatial information related to existing geology, land use/land cover, physiography, slope and soils has been derived through remote sensing, collateral data and field survey and used as inputs in a widely used erosion model (Universal Soil Loss Equation) in India to compute soil loss (t/ha/yr) in GIS. The study area has been delineated into very slight (<5 t/ha/yr), slight (5-10 t/ha/yr), moderate (10-15 t/ha/yr), moderately severe (15-20 t/ha/yr), severe (20-40 t/ha/yr) and very severe (>40 t/ha/yr) soil erosion classes. The study indicate that 45.4 thousand ha. (13.7% of TGA) is under moderate, moderately severe, severe and very severe soil erosion categories. The physiographic unit wise analysis of soil loss in different landscapes have indicated the sensitive areas, that has helped to prioritize development and management plans for soil and water conservation measures and suitable interventions like afforestation, agro-forestry, agri-horticulture, silvipasture systems which will result in the improvement of productivity of these lands, protect the environment from further degradation and for the ecological sustenance.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58285
Title: Delineation and characterization of waterlogged salt affected soils in IGNP using Remote Sensing and GIS
Author: Arup Kumar Mandal, R C Sharma
Editor: Dr George Joseph
Year: 2011
Publisher: Indian SOciety of Remote Sensing, Vol 39, No 1, March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Waterlogging, soil salinity, remote sensing, GIS , visual interpretation, digital analysis
Abstract: The India Remote Sensing data on 1:50,000 scale revealed the occurrence of permanent waterlogging in low-lying flats and depressions of the Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyojona (IGNP) command area. Such data also indicated seasonal dynamics of waterlogging and soil salinization (Salt efflorescence/crusting) in irrigated areas. Mixed spectral signatures of high moisture content and poor crop stand indicated the presence of shallow aquifers close to the main canal. Digital analysis facilitated some indicators for segregating such land uses, limited to optical range. Ground truth study found patchy crop stand, moist soil profile and subsurface soil salinization indicating the presence of high water table (<1.5 m). It also found fluctuating (1.5-6.0m) water table with poor vegetative growth indicating areas sensitive to waterlogging. These were classified as potential waterlogging. Moderate to high soil salinity was found at surface and at the control section (0.2-0.8 m) of soil profiles indicating initiation of secondary salinization. Coarse to medium soil texture facilitated capillary rise of salts with the advancing water table in irrigating zone. The presence of fine textured and impermeable calcium carbonate layers at a depth below the surface enhanced waterlogging and rise of water table. The preponderance of chlorides and sulfates of sodium, calcium and magnesium was found in teh salinized areas. The quality of ponded water was extremely poor and unfit for its reuse. The ground water was saline in some areas but normally lies within the prescribed limit. The quality of drainage water was poor in saline depression and unsuitable for reuse. These were moderate in other areas suggesting its safe reuse if mixed with good quality water. Suitable soil and water management practices are necessary for sustainable crop production in the irrigated areas.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58284
Title: Yield estimation model and water productivity of wheat crop (Triticum aestivum) in an irrigation command using remote sensing and GIS
Author: Narendra Kumar Gontia, Kamlesh N Tiwari
Editor: Dr George Joseph
Year: 2011
Publisher: Indian SOciety of Remote Sensing, Vol 39, No 1, March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Crop yield modeling, water productivity, water use efficiency, Spectral growth profile, AREASUM, remote sensing, Geographical Information System (GIS)
Abstract: Crop yield estimation has an important role on economy development and its accuracy and speed influence yield price and helps in deciding the excess or deficit production conditions. The water productivity evaluates the irrigation command through water use efficiency (WUE). Remote sensing (RS) and geographical information system (GIS) techniques were used for crop yield and water productivity estimation of wheat crop (Triticum aestivum) grown in Tarafeni South Main Canal (TSMC) irrigation commond of West Bengal State in India. One IRS P6 image and four wide field sensor (WiFS) images for different months of winter season were used to determine the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) for area under wheat crop. The temporally and spatially distributed spectral growth profile adn AREASUM of NDVI (ANDVI) and SAVI (ASAVI) with time after sowing of wheat crop were developed and correlated with actual crop yield of wheat (Yact). The developed relationships between ASAVI and Yact resulted high correlation in comparison to that of ANDVI. Using the developed model the RS based wheat yield (YRS) predicted from ASAVI varied on entire TSMC irrigation command from 22.67 to 33.13 q ha-1 respectively, which gave an average yield of 26.50 q ha-1 respectively, which gave an average yield of 26.50 q ha-1. The RS generated yield based water use efficiency (WUEYRS) for water supplied from canal of TSMC irrigation command was found to be 6.69 kg ha-1mm-1.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58283
Title: An integrated multistage framework for automatic road extraction from high resolution satelliet imagery
Author: T T Mirnalinee, Sukhendu Das, Koshy Varghese
Editor: Dr George Joseph
Year: 2011
Publisher: Indian SOciety of Remote Sensing, Vol 39, No 1, March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Dominant singular measure, PSVM, CSNN-CII, road edges, Road segments, Fusion, segment linking, region part segmentation
Abstract: Automated procedures to rapidly identify road networks from high-resolution satellite imagery are necessary for modern applications in GIS. In this paper, we propose an approach for automatic road in a unified framework, to solve this complex problem. The two main properties of roads used are: (1) spectral constrast with respect to background and (2) locally linear path. Support Vector Machine is used to discriminate between road and non-road segments. We propose a Dominant singular Measure (DSM) for the task of detecting linear (locally) road boundaries. This pair of information of road segments, obtained using Probabilistic SVM (PSVM) and DSM, is integrated using a modified Constraint Satisfaction Neural Network. Results of this integration are not satisfactory due to occlusion of roads, variation of road material, and curvilinear pattern. Suitable post-processing modules (segment linking and region part segmentation) have been designed to address thes issues. The proposed non-model based approach is verified with extension experimentations and performance compared with two state-of - the-art techniques and a GIS based tool, using multi-spectral satellite images. The proposed methodology is robust and shows superior performance (completeness and correctness are used as measures) in automating the process of road network extraction.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58282
Title: The effects of temperature, pH and carbon sources on antimicrobial peptide AN5-1 production using Paenibacillus alvei An5
Author: Bassam Alkotaini, Nurina Anuar and Abdul Amir Hassan Kadhum
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Paenibacillus alvei AN5, Antimicrobial peptide AN5-1, growth factors, glucose
Abstract: Paenibacillus alvei AN5 has been recently isolated from Palm Oil Mill Sludge with the ability to produce a secreted antimicrobial peptide AN5-1. This sutdy indicated the effect of growth factors including incubating temperature, initial pH and different carbon sources on both P. alvei AN5 growth and NA5-1 production. It was noted that, the highest produced amount of AN5-1 were obtained when optimum growth occurred. P. alvei AN5 was grown in Modified Landy Medium at different temperatures; the highest amount produced of AN5-1 was 80 AU/mL at 300C. In addition, the production was obviously influenced within the pH range of 4-9. At the extreme initial pH values of 4, 5 and 10, the production was depressed. The highest amount produced of AN5-1 (80 AU/mL) was obtained at initial pH of 7. The production of AN5-1 was strongly influenced by the variation of carbon sources, where it was obviously enhanced using glucose; meanwhile, starch and glycerol reduced the production of AN5-1. The minimum glucose concentrations required to achieve the highest amount produced of AN5-1 was 20 g/L. The more P. alvei AN5 grows, the more antimicrobial peptide AN5-1 produces.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58281
Title: Floristic study of Kadatty area, Thengamputhoor pnachayat, Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu, India
Author: V Mary Kensa and S Vagitha
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Weed diversity, plants
Abstract: This article describes the floristic diversity of Kadattyarea, Thengamputhoor area, India.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58280
Title: Isolation and characterisation of bacteriocin producing Lactobacilli from dairy curd sample
Author: A S Bagwan and N R Shaikh
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Lactobacilli, bacteriocin, dairy curd, antimicrobial activity, biopreservative
Abstract: The objective of the present study was to isolate, characterize, and identify the bacteriocin producing Lactobacilli from dairy curd sample. Total five bacterial isolates were isolated, out of this all the five isolates species were selected for further work, which shows antimicrobial activity of the isolates were tested against with enteric and spoilage causing pathogens (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae and Staphylococcus aureus). In an attempt to differentiate the effect of lactic acid and Bacteriocine produced by lactobacilli that effect of heated neutralized filtrates on above used test microorganisms indicated that the inhibition of these microorganisms. The results obtained from this study that the isolated lactobacilli show the potent Bacteriocin and antimicrobial properties that exerts in the usage of this compound as a preservative in fruit pulp industry. Isolated Bacteriocin producing species of lactobacilli may be used as protective cultures to improve the microbial safety of food.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58279
Title: Microbial qualityof camel milk in Udaipur (RAJ.), India
Author: Deepti Khandelwal, Harshada Joshi and B L Chaudhary
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 15, No 1, 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Camel milk, TVBC, coliform count
Abstract: Milk is an ideal habitat for the growth and multiplication of microorganisms due to its nutritional constitution which contain protein, carbohydrate, mineral and vitamins. All these components support the growth of many forms of bacteria. Samples of camel milk collected from different regions of Udaipur district were analysed to evaluate their microbial quality. Samples were analyzed for microbial quality attribues including total viable bacterial count (TVBC) and total coliform count. The mean value for TVBC and total coliform count were 7.67 and 4.201 log cfu/mL respectively.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None