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ID: 59925
Title: Influence of fym and VAM on yield, nutrient content and antioxidant activity of spinach (Beta vulgaris) grown under water stress conditions.
Author: Tirupathi Rao H., S. Sumathi, R, Subhash Reddy and S. Padmaja.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (4) 805-809 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Water stress conditions, Farm yard manure, Mycorrhizae, Nutrient content and antioxidant activity.
Abstract: To study the effect of FYM and VAM on yield, nutrient content and antioxidant activity of spinach under drought conditions. Recommended dose of chemical fertilizers (100 % RDF, 50 % RDF), farm yard manure and mycorrhizae were applied to the soil according to the treatments imposed. All green variety of spinach seeds (20) were sown in polybags and watered at every 4th day to impose drought condition. The crop was harvested around 40 days after sowing. The results revealed that significantly higher the crop was harvested around 40 days after sowing. The results revealed that significantly higher yield was found in 100 % RDF +FYM+VAM followed by 50 % RDF +FYM + VAM followed by 100 % RDF. Highest chlorophyll content was recorded in 50% RDF + FYM + VAM followed by 100 % RDF + FYM VAM. Highest chlorophyll content was recorded in 50 % RDF +FYM + VAM followed by 100 % RDF +FYM+ VAM. Highest antioxidant activity recorded in 100% RDF +FYM +VAM followed by 100 % RDF and VAM. Highest vitamin C content was recorded in both 100% RDF +FYM +VAM and 50 % RDF +FYM+ VAM. Highest carotene content was recorded in FYM with 100 % RDF followed by 100 % RDF + FYM +VAM and 100 % RDF. Significantly highest phenolic content found in 100 % RDF +FYM + VAM followed by 50 % RDF +FYM +VAM. Highest nitrogen uptake was recorded in 50 % RDF +FYM +VAM followed by 100 % RDF +FYM +VAM. Highest phosphorus uptake was recorded in 100 % RDF+FYM + VAM. Highest phosphorus uptake was recorded in 100 % RDF +FYM +VAM. Lowest uptake recorded in VAM and it was on par with the treatments 100 % RDF, FYM, FYM+VAM.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Bolan, N.S. 1991. A critical review on the role of mycorrhizal fungi in the uptake of phosphorus by plants. Plant and Soil. 134: 189-207. Bhosale, K.S. and Shinde, B.P. 2011. Influence of arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi on proline and chlorophyll contents in Zingiber officinale rose grown under water stress. Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences. 1 (3): 172-176.
Literature cited 2: Bvoungyeul, R., Jeonasik, L., Ryu, B.Y and Lee, J.S. 1996. Property changes in mixed media for pot flower made of several organic materials. Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science. 37: 127-135. Farahani, H.A and Khavati, M.A. 2011. Effects of arbuscularmycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus on coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) essential oil in drought stress condition. 46th Croatian & 6th International Symposium on Agriculture.

ID: 59924
Title: Screening of Coriander genotypes for powdery mildew disease resistance.
Author: Bandela sravanthi, B.S. Sreeramu, B. Narsimha swamy and K. Umesha
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (4) 803-804 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Coriander, Powdery mildew.
Abstract: Twenty five genotypes of coriander were evaluated at Post Graduate Centre, UHS Campus, GKVK, Bangalore to screen the powdery mildew disease resistance, caused by Erisyphe spp which is a serious disease. Among the genotypes, seventeen genotypes were highly susceptible, eight genotypes were susceptible and none of them showed resistance reaction.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Kalra, A. Gupta, A.KKatiyar, N. Srivastava, R.K. and Kumar, S. 2003. Screening of Coriandrum sativum accessions for seed and essential oil yield and early maturity. Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter, 133: 19-21. Kalra, A. Parameswaran, T.N. Ravindra, N.S and Dimri, B.P. 1995. Effect of number of timing of application of dinocap on control of powdery mildew and yield of coriander cultivars .J. Agric. Sci 79 (1): 7-11.
Literature cited 2: Keshwal, R.L. and Khatri, R.K. 1998. Reaction of some high yielding varieties of coriander to powdery mildew.J.Mycology & Plant Path. 28 (1): 58-59.

ID: 59923
Title: Biocompatible formulation of potential fungal biopesticide Nomuraea Rileyi (F) samson for the improved post treatment persistence and biocontrol potential.
Author: S. Karthick Raja Namasivayam, Asbinaya Vidyasankar and T. Manoj Santhosh.S. Karthick Raja Namasivayam, Asbinaya Vidyasankar and T. Manoj Santhosh.S. Karthick Raja Namasivayam, Asbinaya Vidyasankar and T. Manoj Santhosh.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (4) 797-801 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Nomurae rileyi, Formulation, persistence, Biogel, Spodoptera litura.
Abstract: The development of pest control measures using microorganisms especially entomopathogens has received increasing attention in recent years. Formulation of biological control agent is an important criterion for sustainable agriculture. Fungal biopesticide mainly Nomuraea rileyi is widely used to control various economic important insect pests. In the present study, various formulation of N.rileyi biogel, oil and hydro gel was prepared and the prepared respective formulation was evaluated for post treatment persistence under different temperature and the biocontrol potential against groundnut defoliator Spodoptera litura (Fab) (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). Among the formulation, maximum rate of persistence was recorded in biogel. Fungal spore could retain the viability in all the tested temperature in biogel formulation. Enhanced pesticidal activity was also recorded in the same formulation. The present study suggests the possible utilization of biogel formulation of N. rileyi to control economic important pests under field condition.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Alter, J.A. and Vandenberg, J.J.D. 2000. Factors that influencing the infectivity of isolates of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus against diamond back moth.J.Inverterbr Pathol. 78: 31-36. Asensio, A., Carbonell, T., Jimenez, L., Liorca, L. 2003. Enntomopathogenic fungi in soils from Alicants province. Spanish Journal of Agriculture Research.1: 37-45
Literature cited 2: Brar, K., Dhiruga, K. and Kaul, N. 2004. The influence of sowing and harvesting date of the yield and yield attributes of four groundnut genotype planted during summer.Indian J. Environ. Ecop. 12: 185-188. Clark, M. 1997. Microorganisms Standard Isolation Techniques, Academic Press, London. P 271-275.

ID: 59922
Title: A study on the swelling characteristics of expansive subgrade soil treated with different chloride compounds.
Author: G.Radhakrishnan, M. Anjan Kumar and G.V.R. Prasada Raju
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (4) 793-796 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Expansive soil, Swell pressure, Chloride Compound Chemicals.
Abstract: The swell shrink behavior of expansive soils is creating a major challenge to the Geotechnical engineers and is posing a problem to many National Highways constructed on these soils. The swelling pressures developed on the pavement system laid on these soils will severely damage the pavement performance. Among various controlling techniques chemical stabilization of expansive soils has gained prominence due to its easy applicability and adaptability. A laboratory testing is carried out to investigate the effect of chloride compound chemicals on the swelling and strength characteristics of expansive soil. The swelling properties of the collected sample are determined based on the Free Swell Index, Swell Potential and Swell pressure tests. Test results have shown that the collected sample fell under the category of high swelling. In this present study Chloride Compound Chemicals like Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl), Magnesium Chloride (MgCl2), and Aluminum Chloride (AlCl3) were selected to use for reducing the swelling potential of the expansive soil. The testing results indicate that the swelling pressure is reduced considerably with the increase in addition of chemicals and remained constant after reaching certain chemical concentration. This paper discusses the results of the laboratory testing.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Bara, J.P.1969. Controlling the expansion of desiccated clays during construction. Proc. of 2nd Int. Research and Engg.Conf.on Expansive Clay Soils, Texas A& M Press, Texas, PP. 380-390 Chen, F.H. 1988. Expansive soils-whatt have we accomplished. Proc. Of Int.Conf.on Engg.Problems of Regional Soils, Beijing, China, pp.561-563.
Literature cited 2: Evans, R.P. and Mc Manus, K.J. 1999. Construction of vertical moisture barriers to reduce expansive soil subgrade movement.TRR-1652, TRB, PP. 108-112. Gromko, G.J. 1974. Review of expansive soils. Journal of the Geotechnical Engg.Division , Proc. Of ASCE. 100 (GT6): 667-687.

ID: 59921
Title: Occurrence of Clostridium perfringens in raw meat, poultry and meat spices and effect of sodium chloride and reduced pH on the outgrowth of their spores.
Author: Vijay Singh Chhetri and Tika Bahadur Karki.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (4) 787-791 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Clostridium perfringens, Buffalo meat, Chicken, Meat spices, NaCl, Lactic acid.
Abstract: The incidence of Clostridium perfringens and their spores was examined in raw meat and poultry, ready to eat meat items and meat spices, collected from the retail market of Kathmandu city for the first time. Among the examined samples, 80.80 % of chicken, 87.75 % of buffalo meat and 72 % of meat spices were positive for the spore. The highest spores count was 5.14 x 103 CFU/g in raw buffalo meat, 2.7x 103 CFU/g in chicken sample and 3.0 x 103 CFU/g in meat spices. In ready to eat products, 69.23 % of chhoyela, 88.23 % of sausages, 100 % of kachila samples were positive for vegetative cells, and count of 5 % samples was more than 106 CFU/g. The spore outgrowth was reduced by 0.36%, 1.1 %, 2.58 %, 4.0 %, 18.45 % and 37.26 % at sodium chloride concentration of 0.5 %, 1.0 %, 1.5 %, 2.0 %, 2.5 % and 3 % respectively. No outgrowth was observed at and above 3.5 % sodium chloride. The rate of spore outgrowth reduced with declining pH. At pH of 5.2 and below, no outgrowth was observed up to 48 hours.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Adak, G.K., Long, S.M. and O ' Brien, S.J. 2002. Trends in indigenous food borne disease and deaths, England and Wales: 1992 to 2000.Gut. 51: 832-841. Banerjee, M. and, Sarkar P.K. 2003.Microbiological quality of some retail spices in India. Federal Register.36: 469-474.
Literature cited 2: Behling, R.G., Eifert, J., Erickson, M.C., Gurtler J.B., Kornacki, J.L., Line, E., Radcliff, R., Ryser, E.T., Stawick, B. and Yan,Z.2010.Selected Pathogens of Concern to Industrial Food Processors:Infectious, Toxigenic,Toxico-Infectious,Selected Emerging Pathogenic Baacteria.In: Kornacki J.L. (ed). Principles of Microbiological Troubleshooting in the Industrial Food Processing Environment, Food Microbiology and Food Safety, Springer Science + business Media, LLC, pp. 5-61. Borriello, S.P. 1995. Clostridial disease of the gut. Clinical Infectious Diseases.

ID: 59920
Title: Isolation and characterization of Bacterial Endophytes associated with sago palm (Metroxylon Sagu Rottb) in Tissue culture.
Author: K.L.Labrador, E.L.T.Lustica and A.U. Novero
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (4) 777-786 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Sago palm, Metroxylonsagu, Endophytes, Pathogen inhibition.
Abstract: Endophytic bacteria are novel sources and beneficial compounds such as plant growth regulators and antibiotics. Nine bacterial isolates were obtained from sago palm tissue culture. Selected candidates were those colonies observed to have originated from the base of the explants. Eight of the isolates were Gram-negative bacilli (SEB 001, 002, 003, 004, 005, 006, 007, and 008) and one (SEB 206) was Gram-positive in catalase, citrate and VP tests. The isolates were negative for endospore formation, indole production, and methyl red test. Only one isolate grew in mannitol salt agar. Amplification of 16s rDNA sequences using the universal primers 16F27 and 16R1542 identified the isolates as Enterobacter ludwiggi (SEBs 001, 003, and 006), Pantoea dispersa (SEBs 002 and 004), and Klebsiella variicola (SEBs 005, 007, and 008). Morphological and biochemical properties of the test isolates, as well as phylogenetic analysis, support the deduced identities. All isolates inhibited the growth of E.coli in the disc diffusion assays with SB 006 obtaining the highest mean zone of inhibition (12 mm). In the resazurin test, SEB 007 and SEB 008 showed promising antibiotic activities against E.coli, Aspergillus niger and fusarium oxysporum. This study revealed that E. ludwigii and Kvariicola isolated from sago palm possess antibiotic properties.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Acu Media.2011.Mannitol salt agar (7143) Neogen Corporation. USA.1-2. Altschul, S.F., Madden, T.L., Schaffer, A.A., Zhang, J.Z.Z., Miller, W., and Lipman, D.J. 1997. Gapped BLAST AND PSI-BLAST: A new generation of protein database search programs.Nucleic Acids Res.25: 3389-3402.
Literature cited 2: Bai, Y., Zhou, X. and Smith, D.2003.Enhanced soybean plant growth resulting from coinocculation of Bacillus strains with Brodyrhizobium japonicum.Crop Sci.43: 1774-1781. Becton, Dickinson (BD) and Company. 2007. BBL Mannitol salt agar quality control procedures. Maryland, USA.1-2.

ID: 59919
Title: Isolation of Halotolerant Rhizobacteria from saline soil and their effect on rice seed germination.
Author: Pornrapee Sarin, Sophon Boonlue and Nuntavun Riddech.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (4) 767-776 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Plant growth promoting halotolerant rhizobacteria, Rice rhizosphere, Saline soil, Seed germination.
Abstract: Halotolerant rhizobacteria were isolated from rice rhizosphere samples in saline in Khon Kaen and Mahasarakam provinces, Thailand.Among 3 isolates, P8, N15 and 12.1, the isolates P8 and N15 were able to fix nitrogen from the air and to solubilize tri-calcium phosphate on the National Botanical Research Institute ' s phosphate growth medium with the solubilization index of 2.42 and 2.93, respectively. The isolate 12.1 produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Among 3 isolates, N15 showed the highest cellulose degradation activity on the carboxymethyl cellulose agar (CMC agar) plate with the maximum hydrolysis capacity value of 5.49. The isolate 12.1 showed the potential of inhibition the growth of Pyricularia oryzae, a fungal pathogen of rice blast disease with the percent inhibition of radial growth (% PIRG) of 42.4 %.Mixculture of rhizobacterial isolates P8, N15 and 12.1 were used for stimulating rice seed germination in various concentrations of NaCl solution and the germination index of rice seed was greater than 80 % in 5-10 dS/m of NaCl solution and the germination index of rice seed was greater than 80% in 5-10 dS/m of NaCl solution. Using 16S rDNA sequence analysis, three halotolerant rhizobacteria isolates, 12.1, P8 and N15, were identified as Pseudomonas azotoformans, Enterobacter aerogenes and Bacillus tequilensis, respectively.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Altschul, S.F., Madden, T.L., Schaeffer, A.A., Zhang, J., Milller, W. and Lipman, D.J. 1997.Gappecd BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search program. Nycleic acids Res.25: 3389-3402. Boddey, R.M.1995.Biological nitrogen fixation associated with sugar cane and rice: contributions and prospects for improvement. Plant Soil.174: 195-209.
Literature cited 2: Chookietwattana, K. and Maneewan, K.2012. Screening of efficient halotolerant phosphate solubilizing bacterium and its effect on promoting plant growth under saline conditions. World Appl Sciences J.16 (8): 1110-1117. Clermont-Dauphina, C., Suwannangb, N., Grunbergerc, O., Hammeckera, C. and Maeght, J.L.2010.Yield of rice under water and soil salinity risks in farmers ' fields in northeast Thailand. Field Crop Res. 118: 289-296

ID: 59918
Title: PRODUCTION OF CELLULASE FROM BACILLUS SPECIES USING CELLULOSE FROM BREWERS SPENT GRAIN (BSG) AS SOLE CARBON SOURCE.
Author: Orji, F.A., Dike, E.N., Lawal, A.K., Elemo, G.N., Olatope, S.O.A., Famotemi, A.C., Itoandon, E.E., Suberu, Y.L., A Sieba, G.O., Sadiq, A.O., Olasore, O., Okafor, E.N., Ugbana, A.I. and Adefiranye, A.O.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 15 (4) 839-848 (2013.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Cellulase, Brewers Spent Grains (BSG), Fermentation and waste utilization.
Abstract: Cellulose from Brewers Spent Grain (BSG) and crystalline cellulose were utilized as sole carbon source for the submerged production of Cellulase. A total of 21 bacterial isolates were obtained from brewers Spent Grain undergoing deterioration. Out of the 21 isolates, 7 bacterial isolates showed various degrees of Cellulase production on plate assay (Nutrient Agar + 2 % (W/V) Cellulose) by their zones of clearance of Cellulose. The Brewers Spent Grain was characterized for its composition, and its moisture content, Crude Fibre, Fat, Protein, Ash and Total carbohydrate were 17.62 %, 13.94 %, 8.08 %, 25 %, 3.68 % respectively. Cellulase production screening of bacterial isolates showed that Bacillus species strain B223 had the highest zone of clearance (2.8 cm ? 0.02), and was used for the submerged Cellulase production. Microbial population dynamics in the enzyme production medium in the 250 ml capacity Erlenmeyer flasks containing BSG cellulose increased progressively from zero hour to the 120 hour. pH of the BSG cellulose medium increased from 5.28 to 6.89, while the set-up containing crystalline cellulose had its pH increased from 5.28 to 7.46. Crude cellulose activity of the cellulose in Filter paper Units (FPU) for the cellulose produced from BSG Cellullose ranged from 328 FPU, 2749 PU, 32166 FPU, and 33130 FPU at zero hour, 24 hour, 72 hour, 96 hour and 120 hour of fermentation respectively. The optimum pH for the production of Cellulase was 6.89. Specific Cellulase activities of Cellulase produced using BSG cellulose and Crystalline cellulose were between 12.45-4319.4 (Unit/Mg) and 19.6-5711 (Unit/Mg) respectively. Cellulases are industrial enzymes with broad applications, and production using raw materials like cellulose from Brewers Spent Grain makes the enzyme cost effective, and converts the waste (BSG) to wealth. Further research actions are on-going to purify the crude Cellulase.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Akinola, S.O., Kuboye, A.O. and Olatuji, O. 2004. Use of fungal pectinase for clarification of Fuava juice.Nigerian Journal of Microbiology. 18 (1-2): 293-296. Ariffin, H., Abdullah, N., Umi Kalsom, M.S., Shirai, Y. and Hassan, M.A. 2006. Production and characterization of cellulose by Bacillus pumilus EB. International Journal of Engineering and Technology. 3 (1): 47-53.
Literature cited 2: Awojobi, K., Olutiola, P., Agboola, F. and Arrotupin, D. 2012. The screening and Selection of Trichoderma species capable producing extracellular cellulolytic Enzymes from Sol of decaying plant materials, Book of Abstract, Conference of the Nigerian Society of Microbiology held at Nnamdi Azikiwe university, Awka, Nigeria. Pp 139. Bai, S., Ravi kumar, M., Mukesh Kumar, D.J., Balashanmugam, P., Bala Kumaran, M.D. and Kalaichelvan, P.T. 2012. Cellulase Production by Bacillus subtilis isolated from Cow Dung. Archives of Applied Science Research. 24 (1): 269-279.

ID: 59917
Title: SEA FOOD BACTERIAL PATHOGENS AND SUSTAINABLITY OF AQUACULTURE.
Author: Olumide Adedokun Odeyemi
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 15 (4) 833-837 (2013.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Aquaculture, Sea food, Sustainability.
Abstract: Currently, aquaculture is the world fastest growing food economy with yearly increase of 10 % and thereby contributing over 29 % of total fish consumed in the world. It is mostly practiced in Southeast Asia with China taking the lead. Countries from Africa, South America and Asia Pacific are also engaging in aquaculture farming. Fishing constitutes the major source of generating income for over 35 % of the world inhabitants living along the coastline of the oceans hence, only a fraction of farmers from developing countries engage in small scale fisheries out of over 40 million people globally earning income from aquaculture. The global growth of aquaculture has been affected by various microbial diseases mostly from bacteria. These pathogenic bacteria are found in the culture water, sediment and sea foods. This paper therefore highlights some of the most common pathogenic bacteria affecting the sustainability of aquaculture in developing countries.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Alvandi S.V. and Anathan, S. 2003. Biochemical characteristics, serogroups, and virulence factors of Aeromonas species isolated from cases of diarrhea and domestic water samples in Chennai.Ind.J. Med. Microbiol. 21: 233-238. Adebayo-Tayo, B.C., Okonko, I.O., John, M.O., Odu, N.N., Nwanze, J.C. and Ezediokpu, M.N. 2012. Occurrence of potentially Pathogenic Vibrio Species in Sea Foods Obtained from Oron Creek.
Literature cited 2: Buschmann, Ah, Tomova, A., Lo ' Pez A, Maldonado Ma, Henri ' Quez La, Et Al. 2012 Salmon aquaculture and antimicrobial resistance in the marine environment. PL0S ONE. 7 (8): e42724. Doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.00422724. Bondad-Reantaso, M.G. and Subasinghe, R.P. Aquatic animal health management in Asia. In: Walker, P., Lester, R., Reantaso, M.B. (Eds). Fifth Symposium on Diseases in Asian Aquaculture (DAAV). Fish Health Section, Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines.

ID: 59916
Title: GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF WHEAT IN ZN-CONTAMINATED SOILS.
Author: Sanghpriya Gautam and S.N. Pandey
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 15 (4) 829-832 (2013.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Available zinc, Biochemical constituents, Antioxidative defence systems, Tritium aestivum, Zinc-contaminated soil.
Abstract: Zn-contaminated soils were rated for various levels of available (DTPA extractable) Zn viz. 0.42, 2.8, 4.5, 9.6 and 26.3 ppm and used to grow wheat (Triticum aestivum Linn) plants. Effect of these soils on growth (length and dry matter production), visible symptoms of toxicity and biochemical constituents (protein, pigments and sugar contents and catalase activity) of wheat were evaluated. Plants grown at high Zn-contaminated soil (26.3 ppm) had visible symptoms of toxicity such as decreased growth, chlorosis and tip burning of young leaves and reduced leaf lamina. Length and dry matter yield of wheat were increased maximum at 4.5 ppm available Zn, whereas these values decreased with increase in Zn levels in soil. Antioxidative defense systems with respect to carotenoids and protein contents and catalase activity favoured the dry weight production in wheat which were grown at 4.5 ppm of available Zn in soil. Study revealed the tolerance of wheat found maximum at 4.5 ppm of available Zn in soil, where as tissue concentrations of root and shoot were 30.6 and 35.6 ?g Zn g-1 of dry weight, respectively. High Zn concentrations (9.6 and 26.3 ppm) were not simulatory to the wheat growth reduced biochemical constituents in cells and produced visible symptoms of toxicity in wheat.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Agarwala, S.C. and Sharma, C.P. 1979. Recognising micronutrient disorders of crop plants on the basis of visible symptoms and plant analysis. Botany Department, University of Lucknow, Lucknow India. pp 1-13. Berg, J.M., and Shi, Y. 1996. The galvanization of biology: a growing appreaction for the role of zinc. Science. 271: 1081-1085.
Literature cited 2: Bettger, W.J. and O ' Dell, B.L.A. 1981. Critical physiological role of zinc in structure and function of biomembranes. Life Sci. 28: 1425-1438. Bisht, S.S. 1976. Effect of heavy metals on plant metabolism. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Lucknow, Lucknow India.

ID: 59915
Title: DECOLORIZATION AND BIODEGRADATION OF SYNTHETIC DYES INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS BY ASPERGILLUS NIGER AND PENICILLIUM CHRYSOGENUM.
Author: Ramalingam, Muthu Dharani, Saraswathy and Saravanan.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 15 (4) 823-827 (2013.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Decolorization, Biodegradation, Synthetic dyes, Textile dyeing effluent, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum.
Abstract: The objective of the study is to check the degradation and decolourisation ability of eight most commonly used synthetic dyes and industrial effluents by two fungal isolates Aspergillus niger and Penicillum chrysogenum. Malachite green, Acid green, Congo red, Red F2B, Blue FN3G, Commassie Brilliant Blue, Bromophenol Blue and Direct Violet were used. Dyes in the dye bath, hot wash, and cold wash liquors of textile dyeing effluents were degraded and decolorized by both A. niger and P. chrysogenum. Decolourization of dyes in textile dyeing effluents by these fungi took place in two stages: (i) adsorption of the dyes onto the surface of the biomass, and (ii) degradation of dyes. UV-Visible spectrophotometer analysis showed that all dyes were completely decolorized and degraded after 72 h using A. niger and 120 h using P.chrysogenum. Both A.niger and P.chrysogenum were found to be efficient for the degradation of dyes in dyebath, hotwash liquor, cold wash liquor-1 and cold wash liquor-2 of textile-dyeing effluents and these fungi can be exploited industrially to address the pollution problems.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Ali, N., Abdul, H., Muhammad, F.S., Pir, B.G. and Safia, A. 2009. Application of Aspergillus niger SA1 for the enhanced bioremoval of azo dyes in simulated textile effluent. African J. Biotechnol. 8: 3839-3845. Eichlerova, I., Homolka, L., Lisa L., and Nerud F. 2006. The influence of extracellular H2O2 production on decolorization ability in fungi. J.Basic Microbiol. 46: 449-455.
Literature cited 2: Fu, Y. and Viraraghavan T. 2001. Fungal decoloization of dye wastewaters. Review. Bioresouce Technol. 79: 251-262. Kuhad, R.C., Sood, N., Tripathi, K.K., Singh A. and Ward O.P. 2004. Developments in microbial methods for the treatment of dye effluents. Adv.Appl.Microbiol. 56: 185-213.

ID: 59914
Title: HIGH-LEVEL SOLUBLE EXPRESSION OF BOVINE ENTEROKINASE CATALYTIC LIGHT CHAIN WITH NUS-TAG IN ESCHERICHIA COLI .
Author: Mahammad Azhar and R.Somashekhar.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 15 (4) 815-821 (2013.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Enterokinase light chain, Gly-(Asp) 4- Lys-?-naphthylamide, Inclusion bodies, Nus tag, Soluble form, Trx tag.
Abstract: Enterokinase (E.C.3.4.21.9) acts as a sequence-specific protease. It activates trypsinogen by cleaving its inhibitory portion. Enterokinase as wide utility in cleaving fusion proteins. Bovine Enterokinase light chain (bEKL) encoding nucleotide sequence was isolated from Bos taurus indicus (Gene Bank Accession No. KC756844) and one amino acid mutation (Proline 121 Serine) was identified. Bovine Enterokinase light chain is prone to form inclusion bodies when expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli). The BekL gene was inserted into pET21a, pET32a and pET43a expression vectors, and fused to T7 tag (The initial 11 amono acids of the T7 gene 10 protein), thiredoxin (Trx) tag and Nus tag (N-utilizing substance A) respectively. The recombinant bovine Enterokinase light chain (rEKL) constructs were expressed in E.Coli Rosetta strain, and it was observed that T7-BekL, Trx-bEKL expressing mainly as an inclusion body, but Nus-bEKL most of the fusion protein existed in soluble form. High level of bovine Enterokinase light chain-Nus tag protein production was achieved (200 mg) from a 1 litre culture. 120 mg protein was isolated from a 1 liter culture. After cleavage, 28 mg of purte active catalytic light chain was obtained. The rEKL was showing Km value 0.65 mM and Kcat 1500 min?1 for fluorometric substrate Gly-(Asp) 4 - Lys-?-naphthylamide. These values were found similar to previously published data for bovine EK light chain, and showed that mutation has no effect on its enzyme activity. Nus tag has increased EKL Solubility and Expression levels.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Affinity Chromatography Principles and Methods, Handbooks from GE Healthcare. Bricteux-Gregoire, S., Schyns, R. and Florkin, M. 1972. Phylogeny of trypsinogen activation peptides, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 42B: 23-29.
Literature cited 2: Chomczynski, P. and Sacchi, N. 1987. Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem. 162 (1): 156-159. Chomczynski, P., et al. 1994. A reagent for the single-biopsy samples. J. NIH. Res. 6: 83.

ID: 59913
Title: STATISTICAL SCREENING OF MEDIUM COMPONENT BY PLACKETT-BURMAN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN FOR BIOSURFACTANT PRODUCTION BY INDONESIAN INDIGENOUS BACILLUS SP DSW17
Author: Swastika Praharyawan, Dwi Susilaningsih and Khaswar Syamsu.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 15 (4) 805-813 (2013.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Biosurfactant, Biosurfactant production, Statistical optimization, Plackett-Burman, Bacillus.
Abstract: Statistcal screening of media components for biosurfactant production by Indonesian indigenous of Bacillus sp DSW17 was carried out using Plackett-Burman experimental design. Nine out of eleven factors of the production medium were found to be significantly affecting the production process of biosurfactant. FeSO4. 7H2O, NaNO3, frying oil waste, CaCl2 .2H2O, K2HPO4 and sucrose were directly proportional to the biosurfactant production while ZnSO4.7H2O, KH2PO4 and MgSO4. 7H2 showed inversely proportional correlation with the biosurfactant production in the selected experimental range. Several modified mediums were formulated based on the statistical screening result in order to validate the optimum media composition in producing biosurfactant. Modified medium combination 1 (MM1) as an optimized medium (2.13 g/ L) showed 124 % increase in biosurfactant production over the unoptimized medium or MM4 (0.95 g/L).
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Abouseoud, M., Maachi, R., Amrane, A., Boudergua, S. and Nabi A. 2008. Evaluation of different carbon and nitrogen sources in production of biosurfactant by Pseudomonas fluorescencens. Desalination. 223: 143-151. Atmaca, S., Gul, K., and Cicek, R., 1998. The effect of zinc on microbial growth. Tr J Med Sci. 28: 595-597.
Literature cited 2: Bong, C.W., Malfatti, F., Azam, F., Obayashi, Y. and Suzuki, S. 2010. The effect of zinc exposure on the bacteria abundance and proteolytic activity in seawater. In: Hamamura N, Suzuki S, Mendo, S., Barroso, M., Iwata, H. and Tanabe, S. (Eds), Interdisciplinary Studies on Environmental Chemistry-Biological Response to Contaminants. Pp 57-63. Carvalho, C.M.L., Serralheiro, M.L.M., Cabral, J.M.S. and Airewbarros, M.R. 1997. Application of factorial design to the study of transestirification reactions using cutinase in AAOT-reversed micelles. Enzyme Microbial Technol. 27: 117-123.

ID: 59912
Title: A NOVEL METHOD OF USING BIOSENSOR WITH NANOPARTICLES FOR THE DETECTION OF PATHOGENIC BACRTERIA IN FOOD.
Author: V. Manonmani, A.Vimala Juliet and K.Praveen Kumar.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 15 (4) 799-804 (2013.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Nano biosensor, uv-Vis spectroscopy, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Mg Nps (Magnetic Nanoparticles), chitosan-magnetite nanocomposite particles, Optical density (OD), FLU (Fluorescence signal)
Abstract: A key step in food borne pathogens control s to effectively detect pathogens along food production and processing line in a timely manner. Conventional methods range from color based to fluorescence based, from immunology based to PCR based tests. These approaches being potential most of them are time consuming and difficult. Nanoparticles are usually used either as labels or separation aids or both in pathogen detection procedures because of unique optical, electrical or magnetic properties. In this paper, a new model of biosensor was proposed which offers several benefits over existing methodologies. Biosensors emerged with nanotechnology approaches, holds great challenge for addressing the needs of medical diagnostic systems. In this study, we developed a Nano Biosensor which consists of various stages such as synthesis of Magnetic nanoparticles, it ' s surface modification with chitosan, characterization using UV-Visible Spectroscopy and TEM, dye conjugation (Rhodamine and congo red), and finally the detection of bacteria using fluorescence spectroscopy. The basic concept behind the work is that the chitosan, a biodegradable polymer from amine group is used for separation of pathogenic bacteria which, specifically binds onto the surface of bacteria cell wall due to attraction of electrostatic charges and protein-receptor interactions. Thus the obtained chitosan magnetite complex was recovered from reaction mixture by using an external magnet. And then, the surface modified bacteria ' s were separated and incubated at 37 ? C for few minutes. T his test sample is being conjugated finally with 10 ?l of rhodamine dye which will emit light upon input source light. Similarly, test sample being conjugated with congo red dye also. Bacterial presence was being detected and measured in terms of fluorescence intensity using biosensor scheme.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Briza P _ erez-L_ opeza and Arben Merkoc. 2011. Nanomaterials based biosensors for food analysis applications. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 22: 625-639 Chen and Zhang, 2012. Bioconjugated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Rapid Capture of Gram-positive Bacteria. J. Biosens Bioelectron. S: 11.
Literature cited 2: George G. Daaboul, Carlos A. Lopez, Abdulkadir Yurt. 2012. Label-Free Optical Biosensors for Virus Detection and Characterization. IEEE Journal of selected topics in quantum electronics. 18: 4 Hyosook Lee, Huiping Shao, Yuqiang Huang and Byung Kook Kwak. 2005. Synthesis of MRI Contrast Agent by Coating Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide with Chitosan. IEEE Transactions on Magnetic. 41: 10

ID: 59911
Title: CONSERVATION STRATEGIES FOR MELIA DUBIA: A PROSPECTIVE TREE FOR MULTIPURPOSE USE.
Author: Aditya Kumar and Rameshwar Das.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 15 (4) 795-797 (2013.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Agroforestry, Germplasm Conservation, Pulp wood, Timber, Medicinal value.
Abstract: Melia Dubia Cav. (syn.M.composita), the fastest growing tree belongs to the family Meliaceae. It has the potential to be utilized as energy crop, pulp wood, ply wood, timber and also as medicine. This species is native to India and widely distributed in the tropical moist deciduous forests. The utilization of the species is widely taken up in the plains of India as a short rotation crop for pulp and paper industries and also as a potent species under agroforestry systems. The potential of these species is not yet utilized in North-Eastern region, whereas, it is being harvested in a disorganized manner leading to fast disappearance. Its conservation in natural habitat and also outside is very much essential to meet the demand of the people with the changing land use pattern. This study discusses the various strategies required to conserve germplasm of the species.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Bortokini, T.I., A.U. Okere, A.O. Giwal, B.O. Daramola and W.T. Odofin, 2010. Biodiversity and conservation of plant genetic resources in Field Genebank of the National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Ibadan, Nigeria. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation. 2 (3): 037-050 pp. Carpinella, M.C., M.T. Defago, G. Valladares, and S.A. Palacios, 2003. Antifeedant and Insecticide Properties of a Limonoid from Melia azedarach (Meliaceae) with Potential Use for Pest Management. J.Agric.Food Chem. 51: 369-374.
Literature cited 2: Chiffelle, I. Huerta, A., Azua, F., Puga, K. and Araya, J.E. 2011. Antifeeding and insecticide properties of aqueous and ethanolic fruit extracts from melia azedarach L. on the elm Leaf beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola Muller. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research 71 (2): 218-225. Chinnaraj, S., and C. Malimuthu, 2011. Development of micro-propagation and mini cutting protocol for fast growing Melia, Dalbergia and Eucalyptus clones for pulpwood and bio-energy plantations.