Enter records

ID: 64435
Title: Waste education in schools-insights from country overviews
Author: Adeline Mertenat, Christian Zurbrugg
Editor: Paul Donahule and Christoph Luthi, Eawag
Year: 2021
Publisher: Eawag, 8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Sandec news, Issue No.22, 9/21 19-19 (2021)
Subject: Waste education in schools-insights from country overviews
Keywords: Waste education, country overviews
Abstract: Education has long been recognised as critical to address environmental and sustainability challenges. The "Towards Zero Waste at Schools" (ZW@S) project fosters innovative solutions at schools that enhance circular systems. Learning and practice teaches students to become agents of change of sustainable behaviour. The ZW@S project conducted national overview studies in Burkino Faso, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Nepal and Peru to assess the current status of environmental and waste education strategies and initiatives.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: UNESCO, Issues and Trends in Education for Sustainable Development, (Paris: UNESCO Publishing.2018).
Literature cited 2:

ID: 64434
Title: Pretreating high fibrous wastes to enhance larvae development
Author: Daniela A.Peguero ,Moritz Gold, Alexander Mathys, Christian Zurbrugg
Editor: Paul Donahule and Christoph Luthi, Eawag
Year: 2021
Publisher: Eawag, 8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Sandec news, Issue No.22, 9/21 18-18 (2021)
Subject: Pretreating high fibrous wastes to enhance larvae development
Keywords: High-fibrous waste, larvae development
Abstract: Managing organic waste in low and middle-income countries remains a challenge. Yet, valorising such waste using the Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) offers a promising solution as BSFL can convert organic waste into insect biomass for animal feed and/or biodiesel and a compost-like residue that can be used as fertiliser. BSFL, however, have difficulties to digest and grow on waste streams with high contents of lignin (~10-25%), hemicellulose (~20-35%) and cellulose (~30-50%).Therefore, many BSFL enterprises avoid such waste materials as feedstock. Although explicable from a businesses perspective, it is not an attractive solution from a citywide waste management perspective.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Mishra S. et al., Microbial pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for enhanced biomethanation and waste management, 3 Biotech, 8/11, (2018) 458. Palma L. et al., Managing high fiber food waste for the cultivation of black soldier fly larvae, npj Sci. Food, 3/1, (2009).
Literature cited 2: Liu C. et al., Pretreatment is an important method for increasing the conversion efficiency of rice straw by black soldier fly larvae based on the function of gut microorganisms, Sci. Total Environ, 762, (2021). Isibik A. et al., Pre-treatment of banana peel to improve composting by black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (L), Diptera: Stratiomydae larvae, Waste Manag, 100, (2019)151-160.

ID: 64433
Title: Black soldier fly larvae products and applicability as pet food
Author: Julia egger, Bram Dortmants, christian Zurbrugg
Editor: Paul Donahule and Christoph Luthi, Eawag
Year: 2021
Publisher: Eawag, 8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Sandec news, Issue No.22, 9/21 16-17 (2021)
Subject: Black soldier fly larvae products and applicability as pet food
Keywords: Black soldier fly larvae, applicability, pet food
Abstract: Valorising organic waste with the Black Soldier fly larvae (BSFL) is becoming increasingly popular, especially in low-and middle-income countries. This is because the harvested larvae can be used as an alternative to conventional animal feed. The sustainability of Insect-Based recycling Enteprises (SIBRE)project analysed the economic viability of BSFL biowaste processing in Indonesia, and its forest assessment indicted that he pet feed market would be a good entry point for BSFL products because commercial animal feed mills require a quantity of raw products that far exceeds the production capacity of small-and medium-sized BSFL facilities.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:

ID: 64432
Title: Making decentralized insect waste processing financially viable
Author: Maximilian G.P. Grau, Bram Dortmans, Julia Egger, Christian Zurbrugg
Editor: Paul Donahule and Christoph Luthi, Eawag
Year: 2021
Publisher: Eawag, 8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Sandec news, Issue No.22, 9/21 14-15 (2021)
Subject: Making decentralized insect waste processing financially viable
Keywords: Decentralized insect waste, financially viable
Abstract: Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) conversion is a promising approach for treating biowaste, given the low technological input required while producing high value products. The FORWARD project, funded by the Swiss State Secretariat of Economic Affairs (SECO), in collaboration with the Indonesian Ministry of Public Works (PU-PR) and executed by Eawag in Sidoarjo, Indonesia, has developed a simple BSFL plant setup. This has fostered a widespread implementation of BSFL plants across Indonesia. BSFL processing can be setup in different ways and in various configurations, i.e., centralised or decentralised , as described by Diener , et al.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Dortmans B.M.A. et al. Black soldier Fly Biowaste Processing-A step-by-Step Guide. (Dubendorf: Eawag,2017). Diener S. et al. (2015): Opportunities and constraints for medium-scale organic waste treatment with fly larvae composting, (15th International Waste Management and Landfill Symposium, 2015).
Literature cited 2: Antarest E. et al. (2020): Market Assessment for BSF products, (dubendorf: Eawag, 2020).

ID: 64431
Title: How can we enhance waste segregation at Source? insights from Guatemala
Author: Adeline Mertenat, Dorian Tosi Robinson, Marta Julia Cuc Chiroy, Nexan Herrera, Fidel Saloj Yaxon, Christian Zurbugg
Editor: Paul Donahule and Christoph Luthi, Eawag
Year: 2021
Publisher: Eawag, 8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Sandec news, Issue No.22, 9/21 12-13 (2021)
Subject: How can we enhance waste segregation at Source? insights from Guatemala
Keywords: Enhance waste segregation, Source, Guatemala
Abstract: Reaching the objectives of a circular economy starts with one key element: proper waste segregation at source. Indeed, ensuring that the different waste fractions are separated as close as possible to the generation source, usually at the household level, significantly increases the purity and economic value of recovered materials, which in turn fosters higher recycling rates. Yet, changing the behaviour of residents to segregate their waster at source is a challenging task for practioners worldwide, especially in low-and middle-income settings. According to literature, a reason why there are only few effective methods to achieve behaviour change is the weak connection between intervention-based research and psychological research on waste segregation determinants.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Varotto A. et al, Psychological strategies to promote household recycling. A systematic review with metaanalysis of validated field interventions, Journal of Environmental Psychology,51, (2017),168-188. Mosler H.J.A systematic approach to behaviour change interventions for the water and sanitation section in developing countries: conceptual model, a review, and a guideline, Int J Environ Health Res, 22/5, (2012).
Literature cited 2: Calvin V., Behavior Change Manual, (Helvetas,2017)

ID: 64430
Title: Mainstreaming black soldier fly practical knowledge
Author: Bram Dortmans,Julia Egger, Christian Zurbrugg
Editor: Paul Donahule and Christoph Luthi, Eawag
Year: 2021
Publisher: Eawag, 8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Sandec news, Issue No.22, 9/21 10-11 (2021)
Subject: Mainstreaming black soldier fly practical knowledge
Keywords: Mainstreaming, black soldier fly,Practical knowledge
Abstract: The FORWARD (From Organic Waste to Recycling for development) protect started in 2013 and was developed as part of a framework agreement with the Indonesian Ministry of Republic Works (PU-PR) and s funded by the Swiss State Secretariat for economic Affairs (SECO). ByBy 2017, the project had showcased a technically viable integrated system for biowaste processing using the Black Soldier Fly (BSF) in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. The SIBRE 9Sustainability of Insect-Based Recycling Eneterprises) project was then launched with a focus on determining the financial viability of the BSF biowaste processing technology.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:

ID: 64429
Title: Waste to Biogas in Refugee camps: An assessment in Zimbabwe
Author: Christian Zurbugg, Adeline Mertenat, Max Grau, Miriam Bergqvist, Jay Matta
Editor: Paul Donahule and Christoph Luthi, Eawag
Year: 2021
Publisher: Eawag, 8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Sandec news, Issue No.22, 9/21 8-9 (2021)
Subject: Waste to Biogas in Refugee camps: An assessment in Zimbabwe
Keywords: Waste to Biogas, refugee camps, Zimbabwe
Abstract: Tongogagra Refugee Camp (TRC) is in southeastern Zimbabwe and hosts ~14’500 people, mainly refugees from the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda and Burundi. Key challenges voiced by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, TRC camp management and residents are access to cooking fuel and waste management. Residents cook with firewood or charcoal provided by camp management, but also collect firewood from the nearby forest, resulting in tensions with the local host communities. Security threats to women who often gather the firewood and respiratory health risks from the indoor wood stoves are the main drivers for exploring cooking fuel options. Not all waste is collected and even less reused or recycled; large amounts are indiscriminately or openly burned.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:

ID: 64428
Title: Energy,Environmetn and globalization:Recent trend, opportunities and challenges in India
Author: Anshuman Gupta, Narendra N Dalei reviewed by Vatsala Sharma
Editor: Souvik Bhattacharjya
Year: 2022
Publisher: TERI
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Resources, Energy and Development Vol. 19 Issue No. 1&2 81-84 (2022)
Subject: Energy,Environmetn and globalization:Recent trend, opportunities and challenges in India
Keywords: Energy, Environment, Globalization, opportunities and challenges
Abstract: Energy, environment, and globalization are terms that need to be used together due to their interconnected nature. Globalization leads to economic progress, resulting in more use of energy resources, especially fossil fuels, thus increasing pollution. Local/national policies are effective in dealing with local pollution; however, global pollution requires global agreements like Kyoto and Paris agreements. The overreaching idea behind global environmental agreements is limit global temperature from rising beyond a safe level. But there is apprehension that these agreements can be difficult to administer especially when it is necessary to keep international climate agreements under the ambit of the WTO. Moreover, developing countries fear that such arrangements can be used by developed countries as a kind of non-tariff barrier to trade and this book extensively discusses such issues.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:

ID: 64427
Title: Improtance of Data in plastic waste management in India
Author: Mandavi Singh and Trinayana Kaushik
Editor: Souvik Bhattacharjya
Year: 2022
Publisher: TERI
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Resources, Energy and Development Vol. 19 Issue No. 1&2 73-80 (2022)
Subject: Improtance of Data in plastic waste management in India
Keywords: Plastic waste managemtn ,Informal sector, data transparency,polymer supply chain,extended producer responsibility
Abstract: Sustainable development goals have a global indicator framework that guides countries in selecting relevant indictors forth national indicator framework. It can be used by countries to track national indicator framework. It can be used by countries to track progress around specific targets. To track such progress around the plastic economy, a data-driven approach is required. Plastic waste management has long been a challenge and is considered an issue mainly due to the lack of infrastructure, technology, and efficient systems for collecting and processing plastic. However, not much importance is given to 'how much' that is the 'data' for plastics to deal with. The polymer supply chain is extremely complex due to its multiple forms, numerous applications across sectors and products, and vast time range within which they can reach their end of life.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Niti Aayog-UNDP, 2021, sustainable Urban plastic waste management Handbook. Details available at https://ww.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2021-10/Final_Handbook_PWM_10112021.pdf> Larissa Copello de Souza, 2019, SDG 12-initiatives to reduce the production and consumption of plastics, Civil society report on Spotlight on SDGs2019.Details available at :https://www.2030spotlight.org/sites/default/files/sport2019/Spotlight_Innenteil_2019_web_sdg12.pdf.
Literature cited 2: NITI Aayog 2021.SDG INDIA Index and Dashboard 2020-21 Details available at https://www.niti.gov.in/writeaddata/files/SDG_3.0_final_04.03.2021_Web_Spreads.pdf> Livemint.2022.India generated 3.6 lakh million tonnes plastic waste, 50 % of its recycled. Livemint 9 Aug 2022.Details available at https://www.livemint.com/news/India-generates-3-6lakh-million-tonnes-plastic-waste-50of-it-is-recyced-11660029497756.html.

ID: 64426
Title: Social enterprises, Mission drift, and mitigation strategies
Author: Souvik Bhattacharyjya
Editor: Souvik Bhattacharjya
Year: 2022
Publisher: TERI
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Resources, Energy and Development Vol. 19 Issue No. 1&2 63-72 (2022)
Subject: Social enterprises, Mission drift, and mitigation strategies
Keywords: Social enterprises, social stock exchange, socially responsible investments, impact investing, sustainable development
Abstract: The paper has attempted to bring out the importance of social enterprises (SEs) and the role they play in accelerating the 2030development agenda. SEs are primarily hybrid organizations emanating from the area of social entrepreneurship. There are, nonetheless, challenges that these organization s encounter. The paper presents key challenges confronting the sector. These include operational issues, management conflicts and governannce, inadequate regulations for raising resources, and operational transparency. In a complex socio-economic environment system with SEs certain to be an enabler towards sustainability, it is important that negative outcomes be addressed based on appropriate strategies and interventions. An enabling environment system with SEs certain to be an enabler towards sustainability, it is important that negative outcomes be addressed based on appropriate strategies and interventions. An enabling environment would support SEs and related actors work together in improving institutional capabilities and ringing sustainable innovation and transformation across the complete spectrum.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: iken M.2006.Toward markets or state: Tensions and opportunities in the evolutionary path of three UK social enterprises. In Nyssens, M.(ed), Social enterprise: At the Crossroads of market, Public policies and civil society, pp.259-271.London and New York: Routledge. Ormiston J., Charlton K., Donald M.S.., &Seymour R.G. (2015). Overcoming the challenges impact investing: Insights from leading investors. Journal of Social entrepreneurship, 6(3), 352-378.
Literature cited 2: Dadush S. (2015). Regulating Social finance: can social stock exchange meet the Challenge? (SSRN Scholarly paper ID 2574921). Social Science Research Network. https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2574921. Cornforth C. 2014.Understanding and combating mission drift in social enterprises. Socia Enterprises Journal,10 (1) (2014), pp.3-20.

ID: 64425
Title: Anthropological study of a typical drought-prone village in India:Strategies for sustainable rural habitat
Author: Suubham Das
Editor: Souvik Bhattacharjya
Year: 2022
Publisher: TERI
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Resources, Energy and Development Vol. 19 Issue No. 1&2 33-62 (2022)
Subject: Anthropological study of a typical drought-prone village in India:Strategies for sustainable rural habitat
Keywords: Anthropology, Drought mitigation,Habitat framework policy, Landscape and ecology,rural housing, sustainable rural livelihood, village upgradation
Abstract: Drought-prone villages are constantly facing the challenges of agricultural productivity, lack of alternative livelihood opportunities due to ecological vulnerability, predominance of wasteland, inadequate water supply, and absence of physical and socio-cultural infrastructure. The study aims to develop a comprehensive policy framework to mitigate the socio-economic and environmental issues against the threat. The methodology comprises an anthropological study from micro to macro level to synthesize the dynamics of drought in the economic, ecological, and socio-cultural indices of a typical agarian village of purulia district in West Bengal, India. The results illustrate ecological susceptibility such as extreme climatic condition, futile wasteland cover, rocky undulating landform, topsoil erosion, and human-made contingencies including deforestation, absence of water conservation practices, over utilization of existing water bodies resulting in water scarcity, loss of biodiversity, and absence of major agarian livelihood. Lack of alternative livelihood practices such as agro-forestry and non-farm activities, appropriate knowledge regarding drought mitigation, sustainable living practices, inadequate physical infrastructure.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Behura N.K.2000.Crisis management: lessons from the past: a case study of drought situation. Man in India .80 (1&2) :75-88. Carr E.D.2014.From description to explanation: using the livelihoods as intimate government (LIG)approach. Appl.Geogr.52:110-122.
Literature cited 2: Chambers R. and Vonway G. 1992.Sustainability Rural livelihoods: Practical concepts from the 21st Century. Sussex: Institute of Developmental studies. Dash, J.1991.Impact of drought on the agricultural production, forest utilization and migration. In P.K. Nayak and Anil Mahajan (ed), Kalahandi: Human Encounter with drought, pp.5290.New Delhi: Reliance Publishing House.

ID: 64424
Title: The impact of coastal regultion zone legislation on city development : A study with reference to Mumbai
Author: Ramakrishna Nallathiga,Suyog Jadhav,Tejashri Mane an Aniket Lohar
Editor: Souvik Bhattacharjya
Year: 2022
Publisher: TERI
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Resources, Energy and Development Vol. 19 Issue No. 1&2 19-32 (2022)
Subject: The impact of coastal regultion zone legislation on city development : A study with reference to Mumbai
Keywords: CRZ legislation, Informal development, Infrastructure, Property prices
Abstract: The coatal regulation Zone (CRZ) legislation was broght in India in order t ocurb environmentally detrimental activities along the coastline.It is one of the controversial legislations in the country, wh9ch affected the development of cities and thier infrastructure.For topographically constrained land-scarce cities like Mumbai,which was also faces the challenge of a growing population and economic activities , the CRZ legislation turns out to be a bane for development. The city already has a large amount of population living in informal housing (slum and squatted settlements) due to the limited availability of land. The CRZ legislation would further limit the land available for development in Mumbai and, thereby, affect infrasturucture, development, and property prices.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Bertaud A., Buckley R., and Phatak, V.K.2005.Reforming Mumbai's real estate raj: A prelude to a business plan,Unpublished report, World Bank, South Asia Region, Sustainable Development, Urban, Water & Sanitation, and Hazards Risk Management (SASDU), Washington, DC. Bertaud A.2010, Land markets, government interventions and housing affordability, Working Paper No.18, Wolfensohn Centre for development, Brookings Institute, USA
Literature cited 2: Chouhan H.A., Parthasarathy D., and Pattnaik S. 2017.CRZ violations in India: impacts on fishing communities and sustainability implications in Mumbai coast, Environment, Development and Sustainability 19: 971-85. Government of India. 1991.Notification of CRZ 1991.New Delhi: Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India.

ID: 64423
Title: Insights from big spatial data through machine learning techniques for prudent management of natural resources
Author: T V Ramachandra,Paras Negi and Bharath Setturu
Editor: Souvik Bhattacharjya
Year: 2022
Publisher: TERI
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Resources, Energy and Development Vol. 19 Issue No. 1&2 1-18 (2022)
Subject: Insights from big spatial data through machine learning techniques for prudent management of natural resources
Keywords: LULC, forest fragmentation, supervised learning techniques, machine learning
Abstract: Evaluation of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes play a vital role in understanding the landscape dynamics that have been influencing climate, biodiversity, hydrology, and ecology of a region. The information of temporal LULC aids decision-makers in framing sustainable land use policies for nature conservation. Anthropogenic pressure, especially unplanned developmental activities, has contributed towards fragmenting contiguous forests, thus affecting their structure and loss of habitat for endemic taxa. LULC changes in the Bellary district, Karnataka have been assessed through temporal remote sensing data. Classification of remote sensing data for estimating the spatial extent of land has been done through supervised machine learning algorithms namely random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and parametric maximum likelihood classifier (MLC). The performance of these algorithms was evaluated through accuracy assessments. Results reveal that RF has the highest overall accuracy (88.94%) and Kappa value (0.76) compared to overall Kappa of MLC (85.51%,0.74) and SVM (85.47%, 0.63). Based on this, RF was considered for temporal data analyses, which highlighted the decline of forest cover from 2.61% (1973) to 0.74% (2022). The built-up has increased from 0.27% (1973) to 2.43 (2022), and agricultural from 68.21% (1973) to 84.95% (2022). Fragmentation of contiguous forests is evident from the decline in the interior or intact forests from 6.73% (1973) to 2.41% (2022) and the increase in the non-forest areas such as built-up, agriculture, etc., amounting now to 89.81%.Results highlight the need for immediate policy interventions for the conservation and protection of remnant forest patches.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Abdi,AM.2020.Land cover and land use classification performance of machine learnings algorithms in a boreal landscape using Sentinel-2 data. GIScience and Remote Sensing 57(1):1-20. Adam, E., Mutanga, O, Odindi ,J, and Abdel-Rahman, E.M.2014.Land-use/cover classification in a heterogenous coastal landscape using RapidEye imagery; evaluating the performance of random forest and support vector machines classifiers. International Journal of Remote Sending 35(10): 3440-58.
Literature cited 2: Al-Mejibli, IS, Alwan, JK, and Abd Dhafar, H.2020. The effect of gamma value on support vector machine performance with different kernels. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 10 (5):5497. Amini, S., Saber, M, Rabiei-Dastjerdi, Hand Homayouni, S.2022.Urban land use and land cover change analysis using Random Forest classification of Landsat Time Series, Remote Sens.14(11):2654.

ID: 64422
Title: Business interests and the environmental crisis
Author: Kanchi Kohli and Manju Menon reviewed by Swati Ganeshan
Editor: Nitya Nanda
Year: 2016
Publisher: TERI
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Resources, Energy and Development Vol. 13 Issue No. 1&2 63-64 (2016)
Subject: Busines interests and the environmental crisis
Keywords: Business interests, environmental crisis
Abstract: Piecing together the complexities of business interests in the looming environmental crisis, with a collection of essays from across the globe has attempted to undertake this effort. Each essay in the book makes the effort to peel the interlayed layers of environment in a business-oriented world. The complex debate of how the environment is defined, valued, numerically translated, and its overall impact on the world and especially the environmental crisis discourse is the main agenda of the book. This book has been well edited by Kanchi Kohli and Manju Menon; however, the essays are more routed in economic, trade theories, as well as the environmental and ecological discourse, which may be difficult for the more uninitiated to understand or decipher.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:

ID: 64421
Title: Status of electricity consumption of West Bengal-A decomposition Analysis
Author: Gopa Ghosh
Editor: Nitya Nanda
Year: 2016
Publisher: TERI
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Resources, Energy and Development Vol. 13 Issue No. 1&2 41-61 (2016)
Subject: Status of electricity consumption of West Bengal-A decomposition analysis
Keywords: Electricity consumption, Decomposition analysis, West Bengal, India
Abstract: As one of the major sources of energy, electricity plays a crucial role in all sectors of an economy; yet consumption of electricity leads to emissions of greenhouse gases 9GHGs), which in turn causes climate change. Energy, and more specifically electricity, consumption, has been growing rapidly and is expected to continue to grow in a number of states in India. In this context, it is important to see how an initiative to reduce energy consumption can be taken at the state level. In this context, the present study focusses on the state of West Bengal. To design appropriate energy efficiency policies, understanding the causal factors of increasing electricity demand is important. Decomposition analysis helps us to identify these factors and design a policy towards an energy-efficient and low-carbon future. This article reviews electricity consumption by individual sectors (agriculture, industry, transport, and commerce) to determine appropriate energy efficiency policies for the future.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ang BW.2004.Decomposition analysis for policymaking in Energy: Which is preferred method? Energy Policy 32(9):1131-1139. Ang B.W.2012.A simple Guide to LMDI decomposition analysis. Available online at <http://www.ise.nus.edu.sg/staff/angbw/pdf/A_simple_Guide_to_LMDI.pdf>
Literature cited 2: Ang BW, and Choi K.H.1997.Decomposition of Aggregate Energy and Gas Emission intensities for industry: A refund divisia index method. Energy Journal 18 (3):59-73. Ang BW, Hung H, and Mu A.R.2009.Properties and Linkages of some index decomposition analysis methods. Energy policy 37(11): 4624-4632.