ID: 51682
Title: Iron nutrition in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) as affected by different calcareous vertisols
Author: B Basavaraj and D S Uppar
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 22, No 1, February 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Iron nutrition, Groundnut, Calcareous vertisols
Abstract: Characterisation of a calcareous vertisol was made with special reference to free CaCO3 and HCO3 ion. A pot culture experiment was conducted in the winter season of 2005-06 to know the soil factors (CaCO3 & moisture) influencing iron availability and translocation of iron in plants and groundnut (JL-24) was used as a test crop. The soils were selected from four places namely Chilakwad and Yamanur (Navalgund taluk), kalasapur and Nagavi (Gadag taluk) which represent four level of CaCO3 (8.8, 12.8, 18.0 & 23.0 %). Soils selected from all the four were alkaline in pH, non saline and medium in organic carbon. Plants grown in pots were analysed for ferrous (Fe2+), ferric (Fe3+) and total soluble iron in younger leaves, older leaves and stem. Ferrous iron concentration was decreased with increase in CaCO3 level. Even with increase in ferrous iron concentration from 60 to 70 days after sowing (DAS), the plants are considered as chlorotic [Ferric(Fe3+) and total soluble iron concentration increased with increase in CaCO3 levels]. Haulm yield was not affected significantly by CaCO3 levels but pod yield decreased significantly from 10.29 to 8.27 mg/pt with increase in CaCO3 levels. In soil bicarbonate concentration and water soluble iron increased at 70 DAS over values at 60 DAS due to increase in moisture content. At the harvest of the crop, amorphous iron oxide, free iron oxide and DTPA iron decreased with increase in CaCO3 levels over initial values.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51681
Title: Waterfowl population and their variation during summer at Sirpur Tank, Indore
Author: M Malhotra, M M Prakash and K Pawar
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 22, No 1, February 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Waterfowl, Summer count, Sirpur Tank, Diel variation
Abstract: Diel variation of waterfowl population during summer at Sirpur Tank has been investigated. The data obtained revealed that 25 species of waterfowl belonging to 10 families and 7 orders were present. In the morning waterfowl count was 2680 which decreased to 537 at moon and again rise up to 1947 in the evening. However, no waterfowl was found during night. The teals and ducks were highest in number during morning and at noon, however, in the evening shore birds were on the top. In the morning lowest position was occupied by grebe, while at noon and in evening crane was on the lowest rank. The family Anatidae was dominated in the morning and at noon, while in the evening family Recurvirostridae was dominated. But on the basis of the number of species family Ardeidae was dominated throughout the day.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51680
Title: Influence of organic amendments on soil microbial enzyme activity and available nitrogen release pattern
Author: M Prasanthrajan, P Doraisamy and J Kannan
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 22, No 1, February 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Yeast sludge, Poultry manure, Soil microorganisms, Enzyme activity, Nitrogen release
Abstract: Experiment was conducted to test the efficiency of yeast sludge and poultry manure on soil microbial population enzyme activity and available nitrogen release pattern. Both yeast sludge and poultry manure were applied at the rate of 3, 6, 9 and 12 t ha-1 in an earthern pot containing 5 kg of soil, in addition soil without organic amendment and soil with FYM @ 12 t ha-1 were also maintained for comparison. Application of yeast sludge and poultry manure was found to be increasing the soil bacterial and fungal population and decreasing in soil actionmycetes population when ocmpared to control. The maximum microbial population and enzyme activity was recorded in soil applied with poultry manure. Application of yeast sludge at higher rate reduced the microbial population and enzyme activity. There was an increase in available nitrogen content in all the treatments which remained almost constant in control. The highest available nitrogen content was recorded in the soil applied with poultry manure @ 12 t ha-1 which was almost equal to N content in soil applied with poultry manure @ 9 t ha-1.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51679
Title: Effect of seed soaking with different growth regulators on growth and yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)
Author: B G Thaware, B B Jadhav, S G Mahadik, M P Kandalkar
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 22, No 1, February 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Gibberellic acid, Napthalene acetic acid, Cowpea, Seed soaking
Abstract: A field experiment was conducted by using seeds of Vigna unguiculata V.Konkan sadabahar which were soaked in 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppm Gibberellic acid (GA) and 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppm Napthalene acetic acid (NAA) for 12 h before sowing during Kharif season of 2002. It was observed that the germination was the highest with 10 ppm GA3 (91.5%), whereas seed soaking with 20 ppm NAA showed significantly less germination (77.7%) compared to control. Average grain yield increased by 45.4% due to seed soaking with 20 ppm NAA. The highest grain yield by NAA 20 ppm was mainly because of increase in morphological characters i.e. plant height (20.6%), branches/plant (17.0%), leaves/ plant (9.5%) and yield contributing characters i.e. pods/plant (25.0%), seeds/pod (15.8%) and seed weight (6.5%). Seed soaking with GA3 as well as NAA produced significantly more grain yield than control.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51678
Title: Influence of long term utilization of domestic sewage on performance of wheat and health of farmers
Author: S R Salakinkop and C S Hunshal
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 22, No 1, February 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Sewage, Wheat, Yield, Quality, Health, Fertilizers, Irrigation
Abstract: Field experiment was laid out in farmer ' s field near to Dharwad city domestic sewage course in split-split plot desing with three replications. Main land treatments were land irrigated with sewage since 1970 and land irrigated with borewell since 1992. Sub plots were allotted with sources of irrigation consisting of sewage alone, borewell water alone (good water) and alternate sewage and borewell water. Fertilizer levels were allotted to sub-sub plots (No fertilizer), 50 percent recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), 75 percent RDF and 100 percent RDF. The results revealed that sewage irrigated land recorded significantly higher grain yield (43.7 q ha-1), protein (12.8%) and dry gluten (9.2) than bore well irrigation land. Sources of irrigation also differed significanlty producing higher grain (41.0 q ha-1), protein (12.8%), dry gluten (8.9%) in sewage irrigation than to borewell water irrigation. Among the fertilizer levels, 100% RDF and 75% RDF were on par with each other. The sewage irrigation reduced 25 percent of fertilizer with additional advantage of improved yield and quality of wheat. Health condition indicated that sewage irrigating farmers are of normal except some dermatological observations.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51677
Title: Influence of biotic and abiotic factors on Tukra infestation in mulberry
Author: A Mahima Santhi and S Prasanna Kumar
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 22, No 1, February 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Mulberry, Tukra infestation, Ecology factors
Abstract: Mulberry plants are affected by the pink hibiscus mealy bug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus causing "tukra" infestations were studied in relation to biotic and abiotic factors. The tukra infestation was the highest during summer (43.2-59.5%), moderate during winter (2.3-9.6%) and least during rainy season (0-4.7%). When the number of tukra infested plants increased (59.5%), the number of branches affected per plant also increased (37.8%). A postitive significant correlation existed between predatory population and tukra infestation (P<0.01). However, among the abiotic factors temperature exerted a positive correlation (P<0.05), but there was negative correlation between relative humidity, rainfall, number of rainy days and tukra infestation (P<0.05). The biotic factors in combination with abiotic factors kept the tukra infestation under control.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51676
Title: Heptoprotective activity of Aloe vera extracts on carbon tetra chloride induced albino rats
Author: M Thambidorai, B. Sangameswaran, B Arul and G Anbuganapathy
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 22, No 1, February 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: chloroform, ethanol, Carbon Tetra Chloride (CCl 4) , Aloe vera
Abstract: Hepatoprotective activity of chloroform, ethanol and aqueous extracts of Aloe vera were studied on Carbon Tetra Chloride (CCl 4) induced, injured liver of male albino rats. Significant hepatoprotective activity was observed in the chloroform, ethanol and aqueous extracts treated individuals. Biochemical test representative liver function (in normal, control, chloroform, ethanol, aqueous & silymarin extracts) such as AST- Aspartite Amino Transferace (112.17, 185.50, 173.83, 148.17, 121.67 ), ALT - Alamine Amino Transferace (40.17, 110.67, 105.50, 51.50, 68.17, 45.33), ALP - Alkaline Phosphatase (174.33, 268.67, 262.17, 196.83, 209.67, 182.50), GGTP-Gama Glutamine Triphosphate (112.67 + 4.41, 240.50 + 3.51, 235.33 + 4.90, 132.50, 156.0, 124.33) Total Protein (5.93, 2.77, 2.78, 3.83, 4.62) Total Bilirubin (0.47, 0.98, 0.93, 0.78, 0.88, 0.67), activities indicated hepatoprotective activity of Aloe vera extracts.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51675
Title: Sex related differences in the protein constituents of different forms of water striders (Heteroptera: Gerridae)
Author: S Santhi
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 22, No 1, February 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Sex, Constituents, Water striders, Electropherogram
Abstract: Variations in the protein constituents of different forms of adult male and female water striders, Tenagogonus (Limnometra) fluviorum and Aquarius adelaidis (Heteroptera: Gerridae) were studied using electrophoretic analysis. There was no differences in the protein constituents between macropterous and micropterous forms. Irrespective of the wing polymorphism, there was a remarkable variation in protein constituents between adult male and female water striders. In T. fluviorum, out of 8 total proteins, the males have 5 anodic (70%) and 3 cathodic (30%), but in the females 3 are anodic (38%) and 5 are cathodic (62%). In the adult males of A.adelaidis, there are 9 protein constituents, of these, 5 are anodic (64%) and 4 are cathodic (36%), whereas the females have only 8 protein constituents, of which 5 are cathodic (73%) and 3 are anodic (27%). This showed that in both the species, females are having more concentrations of cathodic proteins (62-73%) than males (30-36%), whereas the males have higher concentration of anodic proteins (64-70%) than females (27-38%).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51674
Title: Influence of organic and chemical amendments on enzymatic activities during composting of organic residues
Author: Y K Dinesh Kumar, A P Vishwanath, Vithal Navi, H M Atheek, U R Rahaman and M R Anand
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 22, No 1, February 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Organic residues, Composting, Enzymes, Chemical amendments
Abstract: Enzymatic activities during composting of various organic residues were investigated. Organic residues such as Farm Yard Manure (FYM), Poultry Manure (PM), Green Leaf Manure (GLM), Biogas Slurry (BS) and Crop Residue Compost (CR) were composted individually and in different combination in the presence of inorganic N. Maximum activities of dehydrogenase (140 ?g TPF g-1 h-1), urease (289.6 ?g N g-1 h-1), acid phosphatase (119.6 ?g PNP g-1 h-1) and alkaline phosphatase (29 ?g PNP g-1 h-1) were observed during composting of GLM+FYM+BS+PM together compared to composting of individual organic residues in the presence of 50% inorganic N. The order of treatment with respect to enzymatic activities was T12? - 50% N+ 50% N through GLM +FYM+BS+PM>T11 - 50% N +50% N through GLM +FYM+BS+CR>T8 - 50% N + 50% N through PM+ GLM +FYM+CR>T9 - 50% N + 50% N through PM+GLM+BS+CR.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51673
Title: Direct and residual effect of different P sources with organic manure on availabe phosphorus and its uptake under sunflower-jowar cropping system
Author: P T Goroji, P A Sarangamath, S Channakeshava and Anand Naik
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 22, No 1, February 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Phosphorus, Manure, Sunflower, Jowar, Crops
Abstract: Field study was carried out on direct and residual effect of different phosphorus sources with organic manure on available P and its uptake under sunflower-jowar cropping sequence in vertisol at Agricultural Research Station, Annigere, UAS, Dharwad. Direct and residual effect of application of P in the form of DAP recorded significantly higher available P in the soil (32.8 & 27.5 kg/ha) than other P sources at harvest of sunflower and jowar, respectively. However, addition of organic manure with P sources increased available P in soil and higher available P was recorded with DAP + FYM (31.5 kg/ha) than other treatments at harvest of sunflower. But in jowar, residual effect of application of SSP+MRP (25.2 kg/ha) recorded significantly higher available P in the soil. As regard to P uptake, significantly higher uptake was recorded with DAP+FYM (14.31 kg/ha) than DAP alone (12.6 kg/ha) and were superior over all other treatments at harvest of sunflower and jowar, respectively. The interaction effect of P sources with organic manure (FYM) was found to be significant for both sunflower and jowar crop at harvest.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51672
Title: Biogas potential of kitchen waste
Author: S Sriramajayam
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 22, No 1, February 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Biomethanation, Biogas, Methane, Kitchen waste
Abstract: Biogas potential of kitchen waste was analysed and total solids and volatile solids (VS) content were 28.3 and 84.7% respectively. Studies carried out in the laboratory using 2.5 litres amber glass bottle digesters. Among all the combinations of cow dung (CD) and kitchen waste in the ratio of 1:1, 1:2 nd 2:1, the 2:1 ratio with 10% total solids produced a maximum of 23108 ml of biogas. The highest average methane content of kitchen waste was recorded as 65% methane with 15% total solids. Among all the combinations, higher yield of methane observed from cow dung ang kitchen waste mixed with 2:1 ratio was 0.088 m3 kg-1 volatile solids added.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51671
Title: Biodiversity conservation and threat factors analysis in a forest ecosystem of southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India
Author: M G Sanal Kumar, M K Harinarayanan and S Sankar
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 22, No 1, February 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Forest ecosystem, Diversity, Threat analysis
Abstract: Biodiversity conservation potential and major threats to the existing biodiversity in a forest ecosystem of Southern Western Ghats were studied. The moist deciduous as well as semi evergreen habitat of this forest supports high plant species richness and diversity as indicated by high values of richness and diversity indices. Co-dominance of tree species was found in this community as revealed by low dominant index. Out of 61 bird species identified, 82% common, 9.8% migratory and 8.2% were rare in status. Fifteen mammalian species were identified from this forest including both smaller and larger mammals. The richness and diversity indices indicated that the area is moderate in avian diversity and poor in mammalian diversity. Analysis of threat factors showed a high grand index value which revealed a high threat to the forest ecosystem and the urgent need of implementation of strict conversation policies for the proper management of this threatened forest ecosystem is suggested.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51670
Title: India in the Space Age
Author: Mohan Sundara Rajan
Editor: P.Balaram
Year: 2009
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 97, No 4, 25 August 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51669
Title: Comparison of bulk organic matter characteristics in sediments of three Kumaun Himalayan lakes
Author: P.Choudharya, J.Routh and G.J.Chakrapani
Editor: P.Balaram
Year: 2009
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 97, No 4, 25 August 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Kumaun lakes, lake sediments, organic matter, stable isotopes
Abstract: Three lakes (Nainital, Sattal and Naukuchiatal ) in the Kumaun Himalayan region were investigated for total organic carbon (TOC%) and nitrogen (N%), their atomic ratios (C/N) and isotopic composition (?13 C and ?15 N) in their sediments. These geochemical proxies measured in 35-45 cm long cores indicate that organic matter preserved in the lake sediments is primarily derived from algal matter. Increase in TOC in all the three lakes suggests increased productivity. The sediments are anoxic in all the three lakes and show low N%. Shift in ?13 C isotopic composition indicates influence of sewage input into the lakes. Likewise , increase in ?15 N in surface sediments suggests nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51668
Title: Plant macro-remains from Neolithic Jhusi in Ganga Plain: evidence for grain-based agriculture
Author: Anil K.Pokharia, J.N.Pal and Alka Srivastava
Editor: P.Balaram
Year: 2009
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 97, No 4, 25 August 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Archaeobotany, Ganga Plain, Jhusi, macro remains, neolithic
Abstract: The results of the study of archaeobotanical samples from Neolithic site, Jhusi, at the confluence of Yamuna and Ganga rivers in Allahabad, UP, are presented here and discussed in the light of information on prehistoric plants of subsistence in Ganga Plain during 7th millennium BC-2nd century BC. The study indicates that the likely staples were cereals (Oryza sativa, Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum and Triticum sphaerococcum), pulses (Lens culinaris, Pisum arvense, Vigna radiata, Lathyrus sativus and Macrotyloma uniflorum) and two oil-yielding (Linum usitatissimum and Sesamum indicum) crops. In addition, there is evidence for viticulture or horticulture (Vitis vinifera).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None