ID: 51757
Title: Effect of liquid biofertilizer on growth and yield of tomato
Author: N V Murugesan
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Liquid biofertilizer, Azospirillum, Tomato, Yield
Abstract: Efficacies of two different biofertilizer formulations (Azospirillum) were studied on tomato plants. Results revealed that liquid formulation found to be superior over carrier-based preparation. A significant increase in the biochemical correlates coupled with the connected physiological process-photosynthetic rate (13.19 ?mol.m2.s-1 ) has also been observed in treated plants involving the liquid biofertilizer formulation as compared to the carrier based (12.1 ?mol. m2.s-1 ) and the untreated control (11.2 ?mol.m2.s-1 ). The present study has thus brought to light the importance of foliar application of biofertilizers as a tool to supplement the nitrogenous nutient requirements of plants.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51756
Title: Influence of moisture levels, trash mulching in combination with biofertilizer inoculants on growth characteristics of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
Author: R Kandsamy, K Wahab, A Amutha and G Manickam
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Sugarcane, Irrigation, Mulching, Growth parameters
Abstract: Field experiments were conducted during 2001 to 2003 cropping seasons to ascertain the impact of irrigation levels with and without applicaton of trash mulch in combination with varied doses of inorganic fertilizers and bio-fertilizer inoculants viz., Acetobacter and vesicular - arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) on growth characteristics of sugarcane. Irrigating sugarcane with the IW/CPE ratios of 0.75 and 0.50 respectively at tillering to grand growth and at maturity under trash mulched conditions applied with recommended NPK + Acetobacter @ 10 kg ha-1 + VAM @ 50 kg ha-1 significantly recorded higher values of varied sugarcane growth characteristics viz., plant height, leaves cane-1, leaf area and production of crop biomass.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51755
Title: Microbial diversity and fungal symbiont of termite ecosystem
Author: V Gomathi, A Ramalakshmi and K Ramasamy
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Fungal symbiont, Termite ecosytem, Microbes
Abstract: Macrotermitinae, a fungus growing termites have sophisticated adn symbiotic relationship with different microflora viz., cellulolyzers, nitrogen fixers and antibiotic producers in their gut system. Termites depend on a range of different microflora in their guts to facilitate digestion of the plant material ingested. Azotobacter and Beijerinckia, aerobic nitrogen fixing, extra cellular polysaccharide producing bacteria were predominant in the fore gut of the termite. They form stable soil aggregates in the acid alteritic soil which could control erosion in the forest ecosystem. Clostridium and Klebsiella anaerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria present in midgut of termites, are sites for digestion process for all the lignocellulosic material available in the ecosystem. Termitomyces, a fungal symbiont of basidiomycetes were grown in special structure viz., fungus comb (macerated woody material) which germinate and begin spreading hyphae through the comb. Termitomyces in a Macrotermes delignify and digest cellulose which converting it to simpler sugars and nitrogen that serve as the termite actual food. The fungus garden is a kind of extra corporeal digestive system to which termites have ' out sourced ' cellulose digestion.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51754
Title: Effect of Pongamia glabra seed extract on fruit borer, Helicoverpa armigera in tomato
Author: S Marimuthu
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Tomato, Fruit borer, Pongam oil, Bioefficay
Abstract: Effect of Pongamia glabra (pongam) seed extract treatment on establishment of the fruit borer, Helicoverpa armigera was evaluated in tomato. The treatment involving pongam plant seed extract @ 10 ml/ litre (84.4%) and the Monocrotophos 36 SL (84.4%) recorded a significantly higher reduction in H.armigera population than other three pongam treatments which involves pongam seed extract @ 7.5 ml/l (81.3%), 5.0 ml/litre (75.0%) and 2.5ml/litre (56.3%). Irrespective of the concentration, the results indicated a significance reduction in H.armigera population and it was evident in all the treatment fields when compared to control tomato field.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51753
Title: Litter decomposition, CO2 evolution and dehydrogenase activity in a hillock ecosytem
Author: M R Mahananda, B P Mohanty and H B Mahananda
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Leaf litter, Decomposition, CO2 , Dehydrogenase, Hillock
Abstract: The experimental site was a protected forest on a hill named Dehri Hill located inside the campus of Sambalpur University. The leaf litter of Polyolthia longifolia sp. collected in nylon net bags in the month of July were placed at the three sites i.e. foot hill, slope and top hill of the experimental site by digging small holes (20 cm depth) and covered with surface soil . Attempts were made to study the rate of weight loss, Carbon dioxide evolution during the decomposition of leaf litter and Dehydrogenase activity of soil during different months from July 1999 to January 2000. The rate of weight loss at three sites was observed within a period of six months. The total weight of leaf litter reduced from 15 g to 1.47, 1.67 and 1.92 g in foot hill, slope and top hill site with a cumulative percent loss of 81.3, 80.2 and 80.2g respectively. Similarly, the rate of carbon dioxide evolution and dehydrogenase activity was found to be maximum in August and gradually declined to minimum values in January. There was significant difference in weight loss, CO2
evolution between months of the study as well as between study sites. The weight loss was positively correlated with enzymatic activity and CO2 evolution from June to January may be attributed to the reduction in organic matter as well as changes in environmental parameters like temperature and moisture.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51752
Title: Effect of Neem oil on semi looper caterpillar, Archaea janata infesting castor plant, Ricinus communis
Author: N V Murugesan
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Caterpillar, Castor plant, Neem oil, Integrated Pest Management
Abstract: Neem oil was evaluated under laboratory conditions on castor semi looper, Achoea janata (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) infesting the castor plants. A significantly higher mortality rate in all the treatments irrespective of doses was observed. A mortality rate as high as 57, 75 and 81% were observed in the treatments involving Neem oil- 2 ml/l (T1), Neem oil - 4 ml/l(T2), Neem oil- 6ml/litre (T3) respectively. A positive dose dependent antifeedant activity of Neem oil was also observed.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51751
Title: Recovery of chromium (VI) from industrial effluent by immobilized fungal biomass
Author: S Chhikara and R Dhankhar
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Rhizopus nigricans, Biosorption, Immobilization, Adsorption isotherm
Abstract: A fungal biosorbent was developed from Rhizophus nigricans by chemical treatment with 0.1 M H2SO4 and 0.1 N NaOH. The biosorbent was immobilized in Ca-alginate matrix in the form of beads. The capacity of immobilized biosorbent was investigated to absorb Chromium (VI) under various conditions of pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial concentration of metal ions. The maximum uptake of Cr (VI) was 88.8, 93.1 and 96.9 mg, respectively at a pH of 1.5 and with an increase in pH up to 10.5; the metal uptake decreased gradually to 40.3, 54.9 and 68.5 mg, respectively for acid treated, untreated and base treated fungal biosorbents. Increase in biomass dose and contact time upto an optimal value of 1 g/100ml and 60 minutes, respectively resulted in an increase in metal ion adsorption from 18, 20.2 and 15.3 mg at a biosorbent dose of 0.1 g/ 100 ml to 88.64, 93.12 and 96.9 mg at a biosorbent dose of 1.0 g/100ml and then further increase in adsorbent dose and contact time did not result in more Cr (VI) adsorption by per unit weight of biosorbent. The biosorption was found to follow pseudo first order rate reaction. The percentage metal uptake by the biosorbent was found to decrease up to 61.3, 66.6 and 50.1 percent, respectively for acid treated, untreated and base treated fungal biosorbents at the 300 mg/ l Cr (VI) ion concentration. The value of Qmax and b (Langmuir constants), RL (separation factor) and ?G (Gibb ' s free energy) revealed the favourable nature of adsorption. The biosorbed Cr(VI) ions were completely desorbed from the biosorbent by washing with 0.1 M H2SO4 . Immobilized biosorbent can be reused for five consecutive biosorption/desorption cycles without apparent loss of efficiency after its reconditioning with 0.1 M H2SO4 and 0.1 N NaOH. The biosorbent performed well for the removal of Cr (VI) from the industrial effluent.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51750
Title: Effect of different organic sources on yield and quality of crops
Author: C Prabakaran
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Organic manures, Crops, Yield, Quality
Abstract: Farm Yard Manure (FYM) increased the grain yield of rice and can be applied upto 15 tonnes hectare-1. Application of poultry manure increased the yield and fruit size in crops like tomato, papaya, Douglas straw berry and potato etc; The poultry manure can be applied upto 40 tonnes hectare-1 under corn- soybean cropping system. The composted pig manure was reported as valuable fertilizer for increasing yield in vine and maize. Pressmud can be applied up to 25 t ha-1 to tomato, sugarcane and increased yield of both.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51749
Title: AMMI analysis for fruit yield stability of chilli (Capsicum sp ) varieties
Author: G Anand, N Subbaraman and B Gopakumar
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 1, August 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Chilli, AMMI analysis, Biplot, Stability, Fruit yield
Abstract: Yield data obtained from 14 parents and its 45 crosses of chilli in field trials conducted at Madurai, Periyakulam and Thadiyankudisai environmental conditions were subjected to the Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis. It revealed significant V x E interaction, which could be attributed to differential ranking of the genotypes across the environments. The V x E interaction was further partitioned into PCA axes, of which the first PCA axis captured 79.6% of the total G x E variance. Biplot analysis indicated that parents P3, P8, P10 and P11 and the cross C1, C2, C12, C13, C31 and C36 have general adaptability with high mean yield and PCA scores nearer to zero, whereas the parent P13 and the cross C11 with specific adaptability. Similarly among the environments E2 with PCA scores nearer to zero was found ideal for stable performance of the varieties.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51748
Title: Biosurfactants - An overview
Author: M Mohanraja and M Karunanithi
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 1, August 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Biosurfactants, Microbes, Advantages
Abstract: Although many synthetic surfactants are available today, biosurfactants derived from microbes have attracted a great attention because of their advantages over the former. The broad range of functional properties of biosurfactants, which mainly comprises of biodegradability, emulsification, phase separation, wetting, foaming, surface activity and viscosity reduction have increased the interest for potential applications of microbial biosurfactants in commercial industries. This paper mainly discusses the structure, classification and properties of biosurfactants. Further the applications and advantages of biosurfactants over synthetic surfactants have been discussed.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51747
Title: Effect of irrigation regimes, trash mulching and biofertilizer inoculants on yield and quality of sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum)
Author: R Kandasamy, A Amudha and K Wahab
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 1, August 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Sugarcane, Irrigation, Mulching, Bio-inoculants, Yield, Quality
Abstract: Field experiments were conducted during 2001 to 2003 cropping seasons to study the effect of irrigation levels with and without application of trash mulch in conjunction with levels of inorganic fertilizers coupled with bio-fertilizer inoculants viz., Acetobacter and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) applications on yield and quality of sugarcane. Irrigation scheduling to sugrcane with the IW/CPE ratios of 0.75 and 0.50, respectively at tillering to grand growth and at maturity under trash mulched conditions supplied with recommended dose of NPK + Acetobacter @ 10 kg ha-1 significantly recorded maximum mean cane yield, commercial cane sugar percent and sugar yield.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51746
Title: Effect of seed myco flora management on seed germination and seedling vigour of pigeonpea during storage
Author: S B Mallesh, V K Deshpande and S A Kulkarni
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 1, August 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Pigeonpea, Seed germination, Seedling vigour, Seed mycoflora
Abstract: Seven different antifungal compounds (neem seed kernal powder, Pongamia oil, bio-agents: Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum & chemicals: carbendazim, mancozeb) were evaluated for their efficacy against storage fungi of pigeonpea seeds and their influence on seed germinability and vigour. Among them carbendazim (1g/kg seeds), (87.0% & 1630), neem seed kernal powder (5 g/kg seeds ) (81.3 % & 1530) and Trichoderma species (4g/ kg seeds) (83.2% & 1295) were found to be effective and gave higher seed germination and seedling vigour index (SVI) with minimum seedling mortality.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51745
Title: Phosphorus and zinc enriched organics for enhancing the yield of transplanted rice in New Cauvery Delta, Tamil Nadu
Author: S Mohandas, V Paramasivam and N Sakthivel
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 1, August 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Enriched organics, Rice yield, Available phosphorus, zinc
Abstract: A study was conducted during Rabi 2004 to evaluate the efficacy of Phosphorus and Zinc enriched organics on transplanted rice. Three types of organics viz., no organics, sugarcane waste compost and sugarcane waste compost with sewage sludge (2:1) were enriched with four levels (0, 50, 75 & 100% of recommendations) of P and Zn, besides their combinations. Phosphorus with zinc at added levels enhanced the yield and yield attributes of rice. An optimum combination of 75% enriched sugarcane compost with sewage sludge (2:1) registered on par yield (6121 kg ha-1) to that of 100% P, Zn enrichment level (6198 Kg ha-1). Hence, it is obvious that the P and Zn enriched compost paves way for saving of 25% of P, An fertilizer for rice when the above nutrients are applied as enriched compost.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51744
Title: Role of soil bacterium Frateuria aurantia, in supplementing potash nutrient to brinjal (Solanum melongena)
Author: N V Murugesan
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 1, August 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Frateuria aurantia, Brinjal, Potash
Abstract: Significant impact of Potash mobilising bacterium Frateuria aurantia on brinjal growth and yield has been attempted in this study. The liquid formulation of F. aurantia formulation applied as soil application, recorded a significant increase in the growth and yield (+45%) in brinjal crop as compared to untreated control. Based on the observations made, potash mobilisation capability of F.aurantia in general and in particular in brinjal has been reported on its fitness as a nutrient mobiliser.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51743
Title: Effect of Pongamia glabra oil on cut worm, Spodoptera litura and its natural enemies in tomato
Author: S Marimuthu
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 1, August 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Tomato, Cutworm, Pongam oil, Predators, Bioefficacy
Abstract: Effect of Pongamia glabra oil treatment on a tomato pest, (cut worm, Spodoptera litura) and its natural enemies (Bracon sp. & spiders) was evaluated. Irrespective of the concentrations, a significant reduction in the population of S. litura in all the treatment groups was evident. The pongam oil @ 10 ml/liter (T4) showed a significantly higher reduction in the population of cut worm. S.litura (86.8%) followed by pongam oil @ 7.5 ml/l (T3) (81.6%); pongam oil @ 5.0 ml/litre (76.3%) (T2) and Pongam oil @ 2.5 ml/l (T1) (68.4%). The difference observed in the population level between P.glabra oil treatment and the control was insignificant. The study indicated no adverse impact of P.glabra oil treatment on the population buildup of natural enemies such as Bracon sp. and spider population.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None