ID: 51772
Title: Evaluation of temperature sensitive genic male sterility based rice hybrids for adaptation in salt affected environments by AMMI analysis
Author: P Deepa Sankar, N Subbaraman and S Lakshmi Narayanan]
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Rice hybrid, TGMS, AMMI, Salt affected environment
Abstract: In this study a set of rice genotypes comprising of five temperature sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) lines viz., GD 98028, GD 98029, GD 98021, GD 98168 and GD 98179, eight salt tolerant testers viz., CSR 10, CSR 23, CSSRI 13, CSSRI 60, Nona Bokra, Vytilla 3, TRY 2 and CO 43 and 40 hybrids obtained by crossing them in Line x Tester design were evaluated under normal and salt affected environments for assessing their adaptation to the environments. It was evident from additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model that among parents CO 43 (42.04 g/plant) and among hybrids GD 98179/CSSRI 60 (53.79 g/plant) to be the best adapted genotype as they recorded the highest estimated yield and nominal yield under normal and salt affected environments and hence considered winners in their respective mega-environments.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51771
Title: Ecological concept of ancient farming community
Author: E Jose Jossie and M A Sudhir
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Ancient culture, Ecological concept, Conservation, Indigenous practices
Abstract: The ancient farming community practiced their livelihood and religious rites and rituals based on ecological niche where they lived, leading to conservation of natural resources. The life of agricultral Kerala is closely knit with the ecological niche. The agricultural practices of ancient Kerala is a testimony for this. The practices like Kathirukoodu, Illamnira, Vastusastra, Sacred groves and preservation of inscribed palm leaf sheaves endorses the indigenous customs and practices which have become effective environmental paradigms for its conservation and preservation in Kerala.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51770
Title: L- Glutaminase activity in bacteria from estuarine sediments
Author: P Jeya Prakash and E Poorani
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Estuarine sediments, Total heterotrophic Bacteria, Vibrio, L-Glutaminase
Abstract: Extracellular L-glutaminase activity of bacteria, isolated from estuarine sediments was studied in 47 strains. Based on the activity of these strains were screened and divided into 5 groups. The maximum activity was shown by Vibrio followed by Pseudomonas, Micrococcus and Bacillus. The microbial population increased with increase of organic carbon content and decrease with increase of phosphate and nitrate. Percentage of L-Glutaminase postive strains decreased with increase of organic carbon.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51769
Title: Comparative study on the effect of vermicompost and chemical fertilizer on selected bio-chemical parameters in Hibiscus esculentus
Author: S Nithya, N Sathish Kumar, K Vijayakumar, S Senthil Murugan and M Ramaswamy
Editor: D r.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Hibiscus esculentus, Vermicompost, Total carbohydrate, Free amino acids
Abstract: Effect of vermicompost and chemical fertilizer on total carbohydrate and free amino acids in the leaves of Hibiscus esculentus L (var. TKM) has been investigated. The total carbohydrate content of leaves of H. esculentus grown in control soil for 40 days was 4.5 mg/g and that grown for 60 days was 9.8 mg/g. The total carbohydrate content was elevated to + 99 percent following 40 days and to + 122 percent following 60 days of growth in vermicompost amended soil. On the other hand, elevations in the total carbohydrate content in the leaves of plants grown in chemical fertilizer amended soil were only +32 and +66 percent, respectively following 40 days nad 60 days of growth. Unlike total carbohydrate content, free amino acid was 5.3 mg/g of leaves of 40 days old plant in control soil showed uniformly -1 percent reduction in vermicompost amended and chemical fertilizer amended plots. Following 60 days of growth, free amino acid content of 4.5 mg/g of plant in control soil showed +8 percent elevation in plants grown in vermicompost amended soil and +6 percent elevation in plants grown in chemical fertilizer amended soil.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51768
Title: Effect of shade and selected fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa)
Author: S Padmapriya, N Chezhiyan and V A Sathiyamurthy
Editor: D r.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Curcuma longa, Fertilizers, Growth, Yield
Abstract: Beneficial effects of shade, inorganic and biofertilizers in 40 different treatment combinations were studied for growth, yield and quality parameters in turmeric. Among the different combinations studied, the highest plant height (96.4 cm), no. of leaves / plant (22.8) and leaf area index (9.8) was recorded in the treatment combination of shade + 100% NPK + 50% FYM (15 t/ha) +coir compost (10 t/ha) + Azospirillum (10 kg/ha) + phosphobacteria (10 kg/ha) + 3 percent panchakavya. Similarly the dry matter production (4857 kg/ha), harvest index (80.6) and estimated yield (34774 kg /ha) were enhanced to the highest degree in the same treatmental combination. While the treatment open + 100% NPK + 50% FYM (15 t/ha) + coir compost (10 t/ha) + Azospirillum (10 kg/ha) + phosphobacteria (10 kg/ha) + 3 percent panchakavya registered the highest value (5.05) for no. of tillers/ plant, whereas the treatment combination, shade + 50 percent FYM + coir compost + Azospirillum (10 kg/ha) + phosphobacteria (10 kg/ha) + 3 percent panchakavya exhibited the highest curcumin content of 5.57 percent.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51767
Title: Effect of zinc and cadmium on regeneration ability of the earthworm, Lampito mauritii
Author: K B Thilagamani, C V Subburam and M Ramaswamy
Editor: D r.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Lampito mauritii, Zinc, Cadmium, Regeneration ability
Abstract: The earthworm, Lampito mauritii was exposed to zinc (50, 75, 150, 300, 400, 500 & 600 ppm) and cadmium (100, 200, 300, 400, 500 & 600 ppm) to find out the effect on its regeneration ability. Control L. mauritii showed regeneration of 6, 13, 17, 20, 23 and 27 segments respectively following 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 days. A decreasing trend (-50% to -83% following 5 days; -62% to -85% following 10 days; -35% to -88% following 15 days; -45% to -80% following 20 days; -44% to -70% following 25 days and -41% to -100% following 30 days of Zn exposure and -50% to -83% following 5 days; -69% to -85% following 10 days; -65% to -82% following 15 days; -60% to -100% following 20 days; -57% to -100% following 25 days and -100% following 30 days of Cd exposure) was observed in the regeneration ability of L.mauritii exposed to different concentrations of Zn and Cd. However, similar to control worm, an increasing trend with increased time of exposure was observed in the number of segments regenerated in all the treated groups. The obserbed reduction in the regeneration ability of the worms under Zn and Cd exposures is taken to suggest that the worms probably utilize the nutrient reserves more for energy production to counter the toxic stress of zinc and cadmium rather than for diverting the nutrients for constructive (regenerative) purposes.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51766
Title: Pre and post herbicidal management in vertisols under irrigated upland ecosytem
Author: R Jeyasrinivas, N Senthilkumar and D Kumar
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Herbicides, Weed density, Weed dry weight, Upland
Abstract: Field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2001 at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, to study the pre and post herbicidal management in vertisols under irrigated upland ecosystem. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design and replicated thrice with four pre emergence herbicides (Atrazine 0.25 kg a. i. ha-1, Pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i ha-1, Imazathapyr 50g a. i. ha-1 & Metsulfuron methyl 3 g a .i. ha-1), two post emergence herbicides (2, 4-D Na salt 1 kg a.i.ha-1 & Paraquat 3 g a.i.ha-1), hand weeding twice and unweeded control. Among the different weed control treatments, pre emergence herbicide Metsulfuron methyl 3 g a. i. ha-1could be effectively reduced the weed population (7.21 & 8.93), dry weight of total weeds (38.3) in Imazathapyr 50 g a. i. ha-1 and Atrazine recorded higher weed control efficiency (76.3 & 76.3) in 15 and 30 days after herbicide spraying. Later stages, post emergence herbicides could be effective during 45 and 60 days after herbicide spraying (DAHS). In the entire stages weedy check plots recorded higher total weed population (11.8, 14.0, 14.2 & 21.3 m2) and dry weight of total weeds (130.1, 235.6, 664.8 & 2132.7 kg ha-1) in 15,30,45 and 60 days after herbicide spraying.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51765
Title: Effect of Pesticide on protective immunity of Indian major carp (Labeo rohita)
Author: A Ali and P Konwar
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Carp, Bacterin, Immunosupression, Protective immunity
Abstract: Effect of formalin and metacid on specific immune response and protective immunity of Labeo rohita has been studied. The specific immune response was studied by antibody agglutination test while protective immunity by challenging the fish with potent strain of bacteria. Formalin and metacid suppress the antibody production for short period. The protective immunity too was found to be very marginally affected by these chemicals on long run.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51764
Title: Propensity of rodent depredation on selected crops in Cauvery Delta
Author: P Neelanarayanan
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Rodents, Propensity, Cauvery delta, Depredation
Abstract: The present study was carried out in an area of 35 km2 in Nannilam Taluk, then composite Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu. Populations of rodent pests and their depredation to paddy rice, pulses (Black gram & Green gram), sugarcane and cotton crops were estimated. Three species of rodents (Bandicota bengalensis, Millardia meltada & Mus booduga) inhabited the crop fields. Paddy, pulses, sugarcane and cotton crop fields had comparatively low population of rodent pests during first year (1993-94 ' ) compared to second year (1994-95 ' ). Significant variations were observed in B.bengalensis (K-W x2 = 17.49; P = 0.0006) and M.meltada ( K-W x2 = 11.26; P = 0.01) populations in all crop fields (paddy, pulses, sugarcane & cotton) during both years of study. Such variation was not seen in populations of M. booduga (K-W x2 = 4.85; P = 0.18). The results obviously suggest that B. bengalensis and M.meltada populations probably inhabit in large numbers in paddy crop fields in preference to other crop fields.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51763
Title: Nitrate contamination in ground waters of Magadi Taluk, near Bangalore
Author: N Jaiprakash, Vijaya Kumara and E T Puttaiah
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Ground water, Nitrate, Contamination, Magadi Taluk
Abstract: Nitrate contamination of the ground water of Magadi taluk, near Bangalore has been analysed during August 2005. Taking into consideration of the nitrogenous fertilizer, 15 water samples from 15 different locations were collected and analysed for nitrate concentration. The data was analysed with reference to Bureau Indian Standards (BIS). In six sampling locations namely Someswarapalya (45.4 mg/l), Hombalammanapet (46.3 mg/l), Hospet (46.4 mg/l0, Tirumale (49.2 mg/l), Agalakote (47.5 mg/l) and Sathanur (45.6 mg/l) the nitrate values are higher than the BIS standards prescribed for drinking water (i.e., 45 mg/l). Higher concentrations of nitrate in above sampling locations may be due to excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51762
Title: Dietary calcium requirement of the catfish Mystus vittatus
Author: C Poongulali and C Kandeepan
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Mystus vittatus, calcium, Dietary requirement
Abstract: The requirement of Catfish Mystus vittatus for dietary calcium was investigated by feeding them with a basal diet containing (CaCO3 : 1 to 8 g/ 100 g) different levels of calcium, in laboratory condition for the period of 60 days. To investigate growth of the fish, field trial was also conducted in the fish diet supplemented with optimum level of calcium. The basal diet of 50% contained waste silkworm pupae used as the main source of protein with fishmeal and oilcake. The highest growth rate (12.0 mg/g live fish /day) ocuured in fish fed a diet supplemented with 1.1% calcium. The proximate composition (Protein, Fat, Ash & Water), enzymes transaminases (GOT & GPT), lipase and whole body mineral (Phosphorus, Magnesium & Calcium) content of the tested fishes were varied according to the dietary calcium levels. Judging from the growh rate of the fish, an adequate calcium content of the diet of Mystus vittatus was estimated to be 1.1%.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51761
Title: Potential sources of resistance in rice bean, Vigna umbellata against Callosobruchus maculatus
Author: T Srinivasan and C Durairaj
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Screening, Resistance, Vigna umbellata, Callosobruchus maculatus, Biochemical factors
Abstract: Accessions of the wild plants including rice bean viz., Vigna umbellata Thunb. (Ohwi & Ohashi), a wild relative of the genus Vigna and other species belonging to Vigna were subjected to an intensive screening for assessing their relative resistance to the bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus, a serious pest of stored pulses. Accessions of V.umbellata were found to arrest the growth and development of C.maculatus, at grub stages in varying levels. The death of the grubs was mostly at the cotyledons which was found to be due to the presence of anti nutritional factors in the cotyledons. Among the various biochemicals analysed, the trypsin inhibitors in the resistant accessions were in the order of 3-5 times higher (1576.1 to 3121 TIU/g) than in the susceptible check (682.1 TIU/g).Similarly the cysteine protease inhibitors were 7 times higher in the resistant accessions (2061.8 to 4923.6 CPIU/g) than susceptible CO 6 (686.8 CPIU/g). The protein profile also showed the presence of low molecular weight proteins in the range of 14-29 kDa in the resistant accessions. The correlation between different anti nutritional factors with that of index of suitability also showed a negative relationship.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51760
Title: Effect of liquid Azospirillum and phosphate solubilizing microorganisms on yield of paddy
Author: Krishan Chandra and S Greep
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Liquid formulations, Biofertilizers, Microorganisms, Paddy
Abstract: Field experiment was carried out at Salem district, Tamil Nadu during Kharif 2004 and summer 2005 to study the bioefficacy of liquid biofertilizers viz., Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus polymyxa in supplementing or replacing of chemical fertilizer dose i.e. N and P2O5 by measuring the yield and dry matter production of paddy (Oryza sativa) variety IR 50. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replicates. The results revealed that combined inoculation of liquid form of A.brasilense and B.polymyxa along with vermicompost applicaton could replace/ equivalent to 50 kg N and 40 kg P2O5 chemical fertilizer application (44.9 q/ha)
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51759
Title: Seed treatment in relation to seed mycoflora, viability and vigour during storage of blackgram seeds
Author: S A Kulkarni, V K Deshpande and S B Mallesh
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Blackgram, Seed treatment, Viability, Vigour
Abstract: Seven antipathogenic agents namely carbendazim, neem seed kernel powder, sweet flag rhizome powder, castor oil, pundi oil, lakke leaf powder and Trichoderma harzianum were tested for their efficacy against storge fungi of blackgram seeds and their influence on germination (%) of the seeds of which carbendazim and neem seed kernel powder were found to be most effective (87 & 85.2%) wereas lakke powder showed least effect (75.2 %) during 180 days of storage.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51758
Title: Effect of salicyclic acid on amelioration of salinity induced biochemical changes in black gram (Vigna mungo)
Author: P Sampath Kumar, B Dheeba, S Sheik Abdulla, R Vinothkannan, M Arunkumar, P Jeyalakshmi and S Kalavathy
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Salicylic acid, Vigna mungo, Salinity, Amelioration
Abstract: The compatibility of salicylic acid on salinity stress was evaluated in Vigna mungo. The effect of salicylic acid at a concentration of 1 mM on salinity at different concentrations (50, 100 & 200mM NaCl) was investigated through the analysis of growth and biochemical parameters. The root and shoot length (8.98 & 9.56 cm), the contents of total chlorophyll (2.01 mg/g) and protein (3.92 mg/g) decreased at higher concentrations of NaCl but frequency of abnormalities increased with increasing concentrations of the NaCl. In contrast, the total soluble sugar (5.82 mg/g) and total phenol (4.33 mg/g) contents increased at higher concentrations of NaCl. Highest abnormalities were found at 50 mM and lowest at 50 mM NaCl. Applications of salicylic acid at a fixed concentration (1mM) showed marked alleviation of salinity at all concentrations of NaCl on all the observed parameters. The salicylic acid can be successfull utilized for alleviating salt stress.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None