ID: 51787
Title: Diversity and distribution pattern of tree species in Niyamgiri Hill Ranges, Orissa, India
Author: P.K.Dash, P.P.Mahapatra and Y.Giri Rao
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, No 7, July 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Trees, Distribution, Diversity, Niyamgiri hills, Tamil Nadu
Abstract: The Niyamgiri hills in the South-Eastern parts of Orissa are a unique forest ecosystem harbouring rich floristic composition and vast natural resources. As there is absolutely no published record on flora of the hill till date, the phytosociological characteristics, diversity and distribution of tree species at three proposed reserve forests of the hill ranges between elevations from 400-1,306 m were studied. A total of 152 tree species were recorded from the study sites belonging to 114 genera and 41 families. Species diversity was found to be maximum at Khambesi Reserve Forest and minimum at Niyamgiri Reserve Forest. Significant correlation of species diversity with species evenness and species richness were observed while significant negative correlations were marked between species diversity, concentration of dominance, beta diversity and maturity index. At present the biodiversity of the hill is under threat due to the ongoing and upcoming mining activities. The results of this study might render a helping hand to the forest managers in preparing a conservation plan for the highly species diverse and threatened ecosystem of the hill ranges.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51786
Title: Reproductive biology of Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. Ex Del. Subsp. Indica Benth
Author: K Chandra Sekar and V Ganesan
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, No 7, July 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Acacia nilotica ssp. indica, Babul, Reproductive biology
Abstract: The reproductive biology of Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Del. subsp. indica Benth. (Mimosaceae) is detailed by floral biology, phenology, pollen biology, stigma receptivity, breeding system, composition and relative abundance of flower visitors, time spent at flowers by pollinators and resource allocation. The percentage of pollen viability varied significantly (P<0.05) from 50% to 75%. The morning samples collected between and 11.0 hours had significantly better viability (75%) than the samples collected at 17.00 hour (50%). 8% sucrose supplemented with boric acid 1000 ppm and gibberellic acid 500 ppm was found to be an ideal medium for enhanced pollen germination and pollen tube growth. The viability of pollen stored at 0oC was highest in comparison to the pollen kept at room temperature and at 4oC. A total of 17 flowere visitors recorded in the study sites. Oxychis torandus had spent maximum time on flowers. The construction of each flower costed 0.00416 g, of these 48% of total allocation spent by attractive yellow colored stamens. The seed cost recorded as 44% of the total pod cost, while remaining 56% allocated to pack the seeds as well as to organize for effective dispersal.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51785
Title: Assessment of mineral content of tree leaf litter of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and its impact on properties of Sodic soil
Author: J.N.Singh and S.P.Chaturvedi
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, No 7, July 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Mineral content, Tree leaf litter, Sodic soil, Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
Abstract: The present investigation deals with natural chemical reserves and physical characteristics of leaf litter of 35 dominant tree species of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and efficacious impact of leaf litter of a few selected species on physico-chemical properties of sodic soil. Carbon contents of the litter ranged between 34.3% and 47.8% and nitrogen 1.64% and 3.58%. The ash content varied from 2.8% to 29.2% and phosphorus 0.41% to 0.846%. The leaf litter of almost all the species showed the dominance of divalent cations (Ca** and Mg**) over monovalent (Na* and K*). Results further illustrated that the leaf litter of Moraceae family is characterized by highest donor of element calcium. Besides, these leaf litters showed their excellent water holding capacity, which ranged in between 378.4% and 699.5%. Results of leaf litter impact of a few selected species on sodic soil led to a clue that leaf litter with high values of energy content and phophorus concentration were more effective in ameliorating sodic soil. The judicious application of forest tree leaf litter, which aid in bringing the abnormal condition of the soils to the normal level may be used as a device of treasure of lost minerals to revamp the nutrient deficient terrestrial media as a biological tool, possessing an extraordinary minerals bearing potential.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51784
Title: Medicinal and aromatic plant diversity of Himalayan cold desert with reference to Spiti valley of North-West Himalayas
Author: R. S. Rawat, Vaneet Jishtu and K.S. Kapoor
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, No 7, July 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Himalayan Cold Desert, Spiti
Abstract: A number of floristic surveys were conducted in different localities of cold desert in Spiti valley of North-West Himalayas for documenting the medicinal and aromatic plant diversity. A total of 118 medicinal and aromatic plant species have been recorded, which were low in occurrence and sparsely distributed. They were also under threat mainly due to over exploitation, unscientific collection and overgrazing.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51783
Title: Status and distribution pattern of rhododendron species in temperate and sub-alpine hill ranges of Mount Esii and surrounding in Manipur and Nagaland, India
Author: A.A.Mao, J.Y.Yumnam, R.Gogoi and A.Pinokiyo
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, No 7, July 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Rhododendrons, Endemic, endangered, Mount Esii, Nagaland, Manipur
Abstract: Status and distribution of Rhododendrons in a fragile ecosystem (temperate mixed forest and sub-alpine forest) of Mount Esii and surrounding hill ranges were studied. Not surprisingly, these hill ranges supported 8 taxa of Rhododendrons having varied status in the world (2 endemic and endangered, 2 endemic and rare, 1 rare and 3 common taxa). Within the study area, they showed contiguous pattern of distribution and their occurrence were most prominent within the altitudinal range 2,700-2,820 m. amsl. The local endemic species, Rhododendron macabeanum had highest density (11.9), most frequent in its occurrence (80%) and also possessed greatest IVI (132.48) thereby acting as the dominant cover among the species of Rhododendron in these hill ranges. Majority of the remaining taxa (R.maddenii ssp. crassum and R.elliottii; R.triflorum var.bauhiniiflorum and R.johnstoneanum) showed a high degree of competition for space and nutrients and consequently characterized by slow growth rate. These hill ranges proved to be an efficient habitat for Rhododendrons and will serve the purpose of in-situ conservation of Rhododendrons in general and endemic ones in particular. The endemic and endangered or rare species with low IVI (R.triflorum var. bauhiniiflorum, R.johnstoneanum and R.elliottii) should be given immediate attention for ex-situ conservation.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51782
Title: Effect of Lantana camara Linn. on biomass production and carrying capacity of forest areas of Shiwalik hills of Punjab
Author: R.K.Luna, R.K.Manhas, S.Banyal and S.K.Kamboj
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, No 7, July 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Lantana camara, Carrying capacity, Biomass production, Shiwalik hills, Punjab
Abstract: Experiments were conducted to control Lantana camara in Shiwalik hills of Punjab through chemical treatment (Glyphostate 1.0% spray at stump level) and by planting four fast-growing species viz. Dendrocalamus strictus, Leucaena leucocephala, Albizia procera (White siris) and Melia azedarach (Drek) after stubbing Lantana at Patahankot, Hoshiarpur and Ropar. Under these five treatments effect of Lantana on biomass production of palatable and non-palatable species and carrying capacity of sites was studied. Biomass studies show that contribution of non-palatable species in control and chemical treatments was very high ranging between 71.80% to 98.84%. Total biomass of palatable and non-palatable species was also found to be very high in all the control treatments mainly due to the dominance of L.camara. However, dominance of L.camara was found to be low in Bamboo, Leucaena, White siris and Drek treatments. Though L.camara was negatively correlated with H ' (Shannon-Wiener ' s Index) of non-palatable species, it significantly affected H ' of palatable species under four treatments of fast-growing species except bamboo treatment. Cd (Simpson ' s Index) was observed inversely related to H ' in all treatments. Correlation analysis showed significant relationship between biomass and H ' , which meant that with the increase of diversity, biomass of palatable species also increased significantly. The values of carrying capacity showed that the chemical and control treatments had ' very poor ' (<1.07 cows ha-1) and other treatments had ' poor ' (<3.89 cows ha-1) carrying capacity. The study suggests that plantations of fast growing species hinder the growth of Lantana camara and help to increase the biomass of palatable species thereby upgrading the carrying capacity of the forests though marginally within a short period 2-3 years.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51781
Title: Soil aggregation by vermicompost of press mud
Author: P.M. Munnoli, Saroj Bhosle
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2008
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 95, No 11, 10 December 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51780
Title: Pollen proxy records of Holocene vegetation and climate change from Mansar Lake, Jammu region, India
Author: Anjali Trivedi and M.S.Chauhan
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2008
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 95, No 9, 10 November 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Climate change, Holocene, pollen proxy, vegetation
Abstract: Pollen analysis of a 30 m deep sediment core from Mansar Lake has revealed that around 9000-8000 yrs BP, the mixed chirpine-oak forests dominated by Pinus cf.roxburghii (chirpine) existed in the Jammu region under a cool and dry climate. Later, they were succeeded by mixed oak-chirpine forests between 8000 and 7000 yrs BP with the expansion of oak (Quercus cf. incana) and other broad-leaved taxa in response to initiation of a warm and humid climate. Between 7000 and 3000 yrs BP, the cool and dry climate prevailed again as inferred by the reduction in broad-leaved taxa and a simultaneous improvement in the conifers, especially Pinus cf. roxburghii. However, a brief spell of pluvial activity is witnessed between 5500 and 4250 yrs BP, as envisaged by the presence of sandy deposits. Around 3000 to 750 yrs BP, expansion of oak and most of the broad-leaved taxa suggests the prevalence of a warm and more humid climate. From 750 yrs BP to the Present the climate deteriorated, as reflected by the replacement of mixed oak-chirpine forests by mixed chirpine-oak forests in the region. There has been an acceleration of human activities during the last millennium as indicated by the record of culture pollen taxa.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51779
Title: Concerted rainwater harvesting technologies suitable for hilly agro-ecosystems of Northeast India
Author: Manoj P.Samuel and K.K.Satapathy
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2008
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 95, No 9, 10 November 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Artificial storage, ferro-cement tank, multiple uses, plastic lining, rainwater harvesting
Abstract: Much of the enormous water resources in India ' s North-Eastern region remain unutilized and the efficient utilization and management of available rainwater is the core issue if the cropping intensity and production is to be enhanced. The rainwater harvesting can be implemented as a viable alternative to conventional water supply or on-farm irrigation projects. Storing of rainwater can be done in two ways: (i) storing in an artificial storage and (ii) storing in the soil media as groundwater. The rainwater or run-off can be harvested using eco-friendly low-cost technologies such as uv-resistant plastic lined ponds, ferro-cement tanks, etc and used for multiple purposes.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51778
Title: Correlation coefficient and the fallacy of statistical hypothesis testing
Author: Marcin Kozak
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2008
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 95, No 9, 10 November 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51777
Title: Analysis of fluoride induced mutation in DNA
Author: G Alagumuthu and K Thangavel
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: DNA, Sodium fluoride, Mutation
Abstract: A preliminary observation was made to confirm the mutagenic property of sodium fluoride in calf DNA level. It is evident that sodium fluoride acted as a potent mutagen at the concentrations exceeding 10 ppm. Calf thymus DNA was used to testify the DNA cleavage ability of sodium fluoride. DNA samples (25 ?l) were treated with Sodium fluoride (25 ?l) in different concentrations (1-100 ppm) for two hours. The mixtures were separated through agarose gel electrophoresis and the digestion products were analyzed in gel documentation system. Above the concentration of 5 ppm, sodium fluoride showed a gradual increase in the digestion level.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51776
Title: Effect of zinc supplemented diet on growth of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala
Author: S Shibu
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Indian major carp, Zinc, Growth
Abstract: Cirrhinus mrigala fry were fed with fish meal based prepared diet supplemented with graded levels of zinc sulphate (0, 200, 400 & 600 mg/kg of diet) for a period of 40 days. A concentration of 200 mg zinc sulphate per kg of feed exhibited significantly superior growth in C.mrigala.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51775
Title: Effect of irrigation regimes, trash mulching and biofertilizer inoculants on yield attributes of sugarcane
Author: R Kandasamy, A Amudha, G Manickam and K Wahab
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Sugarcane, Irrigation, Mulching, Bio-inoculants, Yield attributes
Abstract: Field studies were carried out during 2001- 2003 cropping seasons to find out the effect of irrigation levles, trash mulching in conjunction with levels of inorganic fertilizers and bio-fertilizer applications on yield attribute and yield of sugarcane. Irrigation of sugarcane with the IW/CPE ratios of 0.75 and 0.50 respectively at tillering to grand growth and at maturity under trash mulched conditions supplied wih recommended dose of NPK + Acetobacter @ 10 kg ha-1 + VAM @ 50 kg ha-1 significantly registered higher values of varied yield parameters viz. number of internodes cane-1 (39.5), cane girth (3.6 cm) individual cane weight (2.1 kg) and cane yield (140.6 t ha-1)
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51774
Title: Acid phosphatase of larval salivary gland secretory proteins of selected species of Drosophila and its relation to pupation
Author: S A Modagi and N Shivanna
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Drosophila, Salivary gland, Larva, Acid phosphatase, Pupation site
Abstract: Acid phosphatase in salivary gland secretion has been analyzed in sympatric, sibling and closely related species of Drosophila by electrophoresis. Number of acid phosphatase isozymes varies in different species analysed. The acid phosphatase isozymes are divided into 3 groups. Group I isozymes whose RF values ranged from 0.0 to 0.1, group II RF values were from 0.11 to 0.2 and group III isozymes RF from 0.21 to 0.3. The number of acid phosphatase isozymes are similar in all the species analysed, except in D.yakuba, D.malerkotliana and D.viritis. The RF values differ between species and some isozymes are species specific. The statistical analysis between number of acid phosphatase isozymes and percentage of larval pupation site preference revealed significant relationship.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51773
Title: Removal of lead and Nickel ions from aqueous solution by immobilized biomass
Author: K Indra and P Singaram
Editor: Dr.S.Palanichamy
Year: 2008
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 23, No 2, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Enviornmetal Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Immobilization, Agarose, Calcium alginate beads, Adsorption-desorption
Abstract: To resolve solid-liquid separation in the settling tank, immobilized cell technology is very promising and hence immobilization technology was attempted. The maximum metal sorption by cultures immobilized on agarose and calcium alginate beads was found to be maximum at pH 4.0 for lead and nickel for both bacterial consortium (Bacillus sp. & Pseudomonas fluorescens) and fungal consortium (Phanerochaete chrysosporium & Trametes versicolor) respectively. The maximum amount uptake was recorded within 60 min of incubation in both metals. The inactivated form of the immobilized cultures had a higher adsorption capacity for the tested metal ions than the living immobilized form on CA beads. More than 90% of the adsorbed metal ions were desorbed from the biosorbents and a maximum of 5 percent change was observed with the tested biosorbent during the repeated adsorption - desorption operations.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None