ID: 52432
Title: Surface-subsurface water interactions in flood plains
Author: A.G.Bobba, P.A.Chambers, V.P.Singh, B.G.Krishnappan
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2008
Publisher: Indian Association of Hydrologists, No 1-2, January-June 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Hydrology Journal
Keywords: Surface water-groundwater interaction, flood plains, hyporheic zone, conceptual model, numerical model
Abstract: Surface water-groundwater (SW-GW) interaction lengthens hydraulic residence times, increases contact between solutes and biologically active surfaces and often creates a gradient of redox conditions conducive to an array of bio-geochemical processes. As such, the interaction of hydraulic patterns and bio-geochemical activity is suspected to be an important determination of elemental spiraling in streams. Hydrologic interactions may be particularly important in stream floodplains, where the extent of surface water-ground water mixing environment (i.e, hyporheic zone) is proportionately greater than in rivers. This study discusses nutrient spiraling, presents a conceptual model of nutrient retention in streams and uses both of these issues to generate specific research questions and testable hypotheses regarding nutrient dynamics in streams.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52431
Title: Flow characteristics of Triangular weirs
Author: Mohd. Athar and Mujib A. Ansari
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2008
Publisher: Indian Association of Hydrologists, No 1-2, January-June 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Hydrology Journal
Keywords: Triangular weirs, flow characteristics, discharge coefficient
Abstract: This paper presents the experimental results about flow characteristics of sharp edged triangular wiers. The data collected in the laboratory for tiangular weirs with notch angles ? varying from 100 to 200 and ratio of the height of crest of weir above the channel bed to width of the channel, P/B ratios as 0.166 to 0.500 have been analyzed to study the effects of various parameters on discharge coefficient Cd. The data collected in the laboratory are also analyzed to yield discharge equation. The discharge values computed with developed discharge equation are compared with the measured discharge in the laoboratory and it is found in a good agreement.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52430
Title: Geomorphic response models for prediction of runoff and sediment production rate of small watersheds from Chambal catchment
Author: P.K.Singh, Virendra Kumar, R.C.Purohit, Mahesh Kothari, P.K.Dashora
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2008
Publisher: Indian Association of Hydrologists, No 1-2, January-June 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Hydrology Journal
Keywords: Catchment, Watershed, Runoff, Sediment
Abstract: Runoff and sediment prediction models for the small watersheds (7.18 Km2 to 71.68 Km2) of Chambal catchment of Rajasthan were developed in this study considering the geomorphic characteristics of the watersheds. For this purpose the runoff and sediment production rate (SPR) was first made dimensionless by dividing it with the square root of the watershed area. The other parameters were also suitably non-dimensionalized. Multicollinearity among the geomorphic parameters, if not taken care of may lead to misleading results. To do away with this problem the geomorphic parameters wree grouped into three uncorrelated, physically significant groups based on their intercorrelation matrix. The dimensionless runoff and SPR factor was regressed on the independent parameters using multiple regression technique to obtain the desired prediction models. The model considering Runoff for prediction of SPR estimates minimum deviation from the observed SPR and it is the best predication model. The developed models can be used to predict the runoff and SPR of ungauged small watersheds of the Chambal catchment.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52429
Title: Estimation of erosion in an ungauged wetland catchment
Author: Bhaskar J.Das, S.K.Singal, Ranvir Singh
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2008
Publisher: Indian Association of Hydrologists, No 1-2, January-June 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Hydrology Journal
Keywords: Catchment area, Erosion, land use, satellite images, sediment load, soil loss, water spread area, wetland
Abstract: Deeporbed wetland is a permanent, fresh water lake, in a former channel of the River Brahmaputra, to its South, in the Indian state of Assam. It is a large natural wetland having great biological and environmental importance and is the only Ramsar site in the state. One of the major threats faced by the wetland is erosion in the catchment and subsequent silt deposition. In this paper an attempt has been made for estimation of the annual soil loss from the wetland catchment due to interrill and rill erosion during the year 2005 and compared with that of the base year (1972). An attempt has also been made to identify the main causes responsible for the changes in the annual soil loss rate. The net sediment deposition into the wetland has also been computed, which is only about 32% of the soil loss due to interrill and rill erosion from the catchment. The temporal changes in the annual soil loss rate can be attributed mainly to the change in land use and variation in average annual rainfall, thus variation in the value of Rainfall Erosivity Index (R).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52428
Title: Determination of crop water requirements for cropping areas in a watershed-A case study
Author: Somepalli Vidyavathi
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2008
Publisher: Indian Association of Hydrologists, No 1-2, January-June 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Hydrology Journal
Keywords: Watershed, crop land suitability, fuzzy membership, multi-criteria analysis, GIS, cropping areas, climatological approach, crop water requirements
Abstract: Determination of crop water requirements (CWR) for cropping areas in a watershed is necessary for appropriate utilization of the runoff. The essential prerequisties for determining the CWR are crop-land suitability analysis/evaluation and derivation of cropping areas. In the present study physical qualities which affect the soil-site characteristics were considered in the analysis for crop land suitability. Land suitability of crops was carried out by using the Fuzzy membership and multi-criteria analysis in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. Highest suitability crop map was derived on the basis of pixel-wise largest memebership value. Cropping areas were computed by the overlay of highest suitability crop map and landuse map of the watershed in a raster GIS environment. CWR for the cropping areas were derived by the Modified Penman Method. Weekly CWR for crops were determined after the estimation of crop coefficient (Kc) and reference crop Evapotranspiration (ETo) values. CWR is basically a function of loss of moisture through Evapotranspiration (ET) and depends mainly on the prevailing weather conditions and varies according to the crop growth stages. CWR for the cropping aeras were derived on the basis of these criteria. CWR, thus obtained, may serve as a guideline for optimal utilization of available water. The details of the methodology involved are illustrated for the Kalyanakere watershed of Karnataka state, India.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52427
Title: Spatial and temporal patterns in the water quality of a major tropical lake-Oussudu
Author: K.B. Chari and S.A. Abbasi
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2008
Publisher: Indian Association of Hydrologists, No 1-2, January-June 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Hydrology Journal
Keywords: Tropical lake, Oussudu, Water quality
Abstract: The water quality of Oussudu lake, Pondicherry, was studied for over an year as function of lake depth, lake breadth, rainfall and seasons. Diurnal variation in the water quality was also studied. The water quality variables included bulk parameters (pH, hardness, alkalinity etc), nutrients (including different forms of phosphorus and nitrogen), and heavy metals. The studies provide a fairly detailed profile of the Oussudu lake water quality and the manner in which different factors influence it. The studies hopefully generate a much-needed body of information necessary in the ecorestoration and sustainable management of the lake.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52426
Title: Assessment of nitrate contamination in groundwater using Geographical Information System (GIS)- A case study
Author: J.P.Singh, S.K.Shakya & Harmeet Kaur
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2008
Publisher: Indian Association of Hydrologists, No 1-2, January-June 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Hydrology Journal
Keywords: Nitrate, Fertilizer, Contamination, Groundwater, GIS
Abstract: The quality of groundwater is being deteriorated leads to hazardous for human health because of high consumption of nitrogenous fertilizers for getting bumper crop production. The unutilized fertilizer -N leached to groundwater aquifer through deeper layer of soils that contaminate the groundwater. A case study was conducted for analyzing and monitoring the grounwater quality uisng GIS technique for the Jalandhar district of the central Punjab. The nitrate concentration in groundwater for all the blocks of Jalandhar district using Geoprahical Information System (GIS) technique was analysed and monitored. The nitrate concentration data for all the blocks were interpolated using GIS technique and nitrate concentration maps for the year 1991, 1993,1995, 1997 and 2000 were prepared. The map showed that the nitrate concentration in groundwater was fluctuating every year and found to be an increasing trend. The nitrate concentration in ground water at Rurki of Ruka block increase from 51mg/l year 1991 to 87 mg/l in year 2000.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52425
Title: Short duration rainfall analysis for Punpun basin
Author: N.G.Pandey, B.Chakraborty, R. Venkat Ramana and P.Mani
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2008
Publisher: Indian Association of Hydrologists, No 1-2, January-June 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Hydrology Journal
Keywords: Short duration rainfall, frequencies, depth duration, depth area duration curves
Abstract: Analysis of short duration rainfall is essential for estimation of floods for small catchments. The time of concentration for such catchments may even range for few hours. For small catchments discharge data are rarely available, which are required for design of small dams, culverts, drop spillways etc. In the absence of the long term stream flow data, flood estimation may be carried out by estimating the design rainfall excess and convoluting it with unit hydrograph (UH) ordinates of the catchment. The present study deals with analysis of short duration rainfall for Punpun basin of Bihar. The analyses have been used to estimate the design storms which may be used for estimation of design flood of a small catchment. The rainfall data of 11 rainguage stations located in the basin has been used. Thiessen polygon method is used for computing the average areal rainfall for the study area. Depth-area-duration (DAD) curves have geen prepared for the Punpun basin selecting the severemost storm. Depth-duration-frequency (DDF) curves have been prepared using L-moments based general extreme value (GEV) distribution. DDF curves give the design storm depth at various return periods for a specified duration.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52424
Title: Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum): A new host of Orgyia postica Walker (Lepidoptera:Lymantriidae(
Author: Ramakant Mishra, Mukhtar Ahmad and Mohd. Faisal
Editor: Dr.V.R.R.Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester , Vol 135, No 11, November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52423
Title: Volatiles of Taxus baccata L. as attractants in control of a destructive insect pest Bactrocera cuurbitae coquillett
Author: R.C.Gupta, A.K.Singh, R.L.Fotedar and S.S.Gahalam
Editor: Dr.V.R.R.Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester , Vol 135, No 11, November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52422
Title: Current status of Ginko biloba L. in India
Author: Gopichand, R.D.Singh, Amit Kumar, Ramjee Lal Meena and P.S.Ahuja
Editor: Dr.V.R.R.Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester , Vol 135, No 11, November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52421
Title: Mass propagation of Bambusa vulgaris (green) through juvenile branch cuttings: A new technology
Author: Sajad Razvi and S.Nautiyal
Editor: Dr.V.R.R.Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester , Vol 135, No 11, November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52420
Title: Sustainable harvesting of Nagarmotha (Cyperus scariosus R. BR)
Author: Abha Rani, Pravin H.Chawhan and Mala Rathore
Editor: Dr.V.R.R.Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester , Vol 135, No 11, November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Cyperus scariosus (Nagarmotha), Sustainable harvesting, Harvesting intensity, Regeneration, Chhattisgarh
Abstract: Nagarmotha (Cyperus scariosus R.Br.) is the most important locally available minor forest produce resource of Chhattisgarh and a significant contributor in the revenue of Minor Forest Produce Co-operative Federation Limited., Chhattisgarh. Due to its unsustainable over exploitation it is under threat of depletion. Keeping this in view the present investigation was conducted at Kajool nadi and Bhabaarganj nadi, Dhugli Range, Dhamtari District, Chhattisgarh to know the effect of harvesting intensity on regeneration/ multiplication status of this species. The study area consists of four plots each randomly alloted to four different harvesting intensities (treatments) viz., 60%, 70%, 80% and 90% harvest. In each plot total growing plant population were counted, thereafter as per the allotment 60%, 70%, 80% and 90% plants were uprooted from the whole plot. From the harvested tillers rhizomes were removed, cut into small pieces and essential oil was extracted by steam distillation and yield of the oil was quantified (0.04-0.07%). The whole experiment was reassessed in the month of December 2006 and total Nagarmotha plants in each plot were again counted and the data so obtained was then subjected to analysis of variance. Conclusively from the experiment it was inferred that for the sustainable harvesting 80% to 90% population of Nagarmotha should only be harvested uniformly from the whole plot to ensure proper regeneration.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52419
Title: Efficacy of Actara-25 WSG (Thiamethoxam) against termites in the laboratory
Author: R.K.Thakur
Editor: Dr.V.R.R.Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester , Vol 135, No 11, November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Actara-25 WSG, Endosulfan 35 EC, Chlorpyriphos 20 EC, Termites, Insecticides, Mangifera indica
Abstract: The efficacy of the insecticide, Actara 25 WSG in comparison to Endosulfan 35 EC and Chlorpyriphos 20 EC was evaluated in the laboratory. Wooden blocks of Mango (Mangifera indica) (2x2x2cm) were impregnated with different concentrations of the three insecticides: Actara 25 WSG (0.0125%, 0.0187%, 0.025%, 0.05%), Chlorpyriphos 20 EC (0.12%), Endosulfan 35 EC (0.20%) and exposed to carbon nest termite, Microcerotermes beesoni for 60 days. On the basis of the weight loss in wooden blocks due to feeding of termites, Endosulfan 35 EC was found to be most effective, followed by Chlorpyriphos 20 EC and Actara 25 WSG respectively.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52418
Title: Evaluation of Paulownia-based three-crop intercropping systems under rainfed conditions in Doon Valley
Author: Charan Singh, S.K.Dhyani, R.C.Dhiman, K.K.Sharma and Nirmal Kumar
Editor: Dr.V.R.R.Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester , Vol 135, No 11, November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Paulownia fortunei, Populus deltoides, Agroforestry, Doon Valley, Uttarakhand
Abstract: In agroforestry practices generally tree has more pronounced effect on crop growth and yield with increase in its canopy cover. But in the present investigations results indicated that there was no significant (P<0.05) effect of trees on crop. The survival, growth, biomass production and leaf nutrient content of Paulownia were significantly higher as compared with poplar under the agroforestry situation. Similarly, nitrogen (3.02%) and protein (18.8%) contents in tree leaves were also highest with Paulownia clone-GP. Although, the size of the leaves and canopy of Paulownia is larger than the poplars even then influence on yield and yield attributing characters was lesser as the highest yield was recorded under Paulownia only. It is evident from the results that Paulownia and Poplar clones do not have any significant effect on almost all the growth and yield parameters of wheat and maize crops grown in association with trees. The grain yield for wheat crop has a very little difference but maize does not have the difference under the different clones. It indicates the best compatibility of the crops with Paulownia and poplar, it is inferred that over all Paulownia clone-GP out performed all the clones of Paulownia fortunei and Populus deltoides. Thus, the tree has great potential under agroforestry situations in similar agro-climatic conditions of India.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None