ID: 52732
Title: Spatial analysis of groundwater potential using Remote sensing and GIS in the Kanyakumari and Nambiyar basins, India
Author: R.S.Suja Rose, N.Krishnan
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2009
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 37, No 4, December 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Ground water potential, Inter-correlation Matrix, Multi-criterion
Abstract: Remotely sensed data can provide useful information in understanding the distribution of groundwater, an important source of water supply throughout the world. In the present study, the modern geomatric technologies, namely remote sensing and GIS were used in the identification of groundwater potential zones in the Kanyakumari and Nambiyar basins of Tamil Nadu in India. Teh multivariate statistical technique was used to find out the relationship between rainfall and groundwater resource characteristics. It has been found out that groundwater not only depends upon rainfall, but various other factors also influence its occurrence. Eight such parameters were considered and multi criterion analysis has been carried out in order to find out the potential zones. Accordingly, it has been concluded that the Kanyakumari river basin has more ground water potential, whereas the Nambiyar basin has less potential. Thus surface investigation of groundwater has proved to be easier, time consistent and cheaper using the geomatic technologies.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52731
Title: Application of Remote Sensing and GIS to assess land use changes in Jhunjhunun district of Arid Rajasthan
Author: Balak Ram, J.S.Chauhan
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2009
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 37, No 4, December 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Arid, Land use changes, Jhunjhunun district, IRS LISS-III data, Irrigated area
Abstract: Over the last four decades exploitation of natural resources to meet increasing societal demands for land based products has caused significant changes in land use and land cover not only in nature ' s best gifted regions but also environmentally sensitive arid regions. Through digital interpretation of IRS LISS-III data of 2004 supported with field survey, the present land use map of Jhunjhunum district of arid Rajasthan has been prepared. Agricutural is the dominant land use constituting 84% (including 38% irrigated cropland ) area. The land use changes over time and space are worked out by comparing with Landsat 2 MSS data of 1975 and Land use/land cover map of 1988-89. These changes are correlated by analyzing historical land use and cropping pattern data from 1957-58 to 2004-05. The region witnessed record increase in irrigated area but sharply depleted ground water and rendered hectares of irrigated double cropland into dry land agriculture. Strategies and technologies are suggested for sustainable use and management of different category of land.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52730
Title: Evaluation and forecast of Human impacts based on Land use changes using Multi-temporal satellite imagery and GIS: A cast study on Zanjan, Iran
Author: Mohsen Ahadnejad, Yoshihisa Maruyana, Fumio Yamazaki
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2009
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 37, No 4, December 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Fuzzy ARTMAP, cellular automata, Markov chain, Landuse change detection
Abstract: Land use and land cover changes due to human activities in a time sequence. Detection of such changes may help decision makers and planners to understand the factors in land use and land cover change in order to take effective and useful measures. Remote sensing and GIS techniques may be used as efficient tools to detect and assess land use change. In recent years, a considerable land use change has occured in the greater Zanjan area. In order to understand the type and rate of changes in this area, Landsat TM, ETM+images captured in 1989 and 2008 have been selected for comparison.
The results of the present study disclose that about 35 percents of the total area changed their land use. In order to evaluate land use changes in this area, the Environmental Impact Index are established into four different cateogories as : very high, High, Medium and Low impacts. The proposed index shows that the highest impact has been generated due to changing agricultural and bare lands into urban use.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52729
Title: Mapping of soil degradation hazards by Remote Sensing in Hanumangarh district (Western Rajasthan)
Author: Pramila Raina, Mahesh Kumar, Mohar Singh
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2009
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 37, No 4, December 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Soil degradation, Remote sensing, Rajasthan (Hanumangarh)
Abstract: In the present study, efforts have been made to identify and map areas affected by various soil degradation processes in Hanumangarh district of western Rajasthan. Soil degradation processes were identified by using IRS-IB satellite image of the year 1998, SOI toposheets, ground truth verification and soil studies. The kind, extent and degree of soil degradation have been mapped in an area of 9703 KM2. The study reveals that the soil degradation problems were mainly due to wind erosion/deposition and water-logging, followed by salinity/alkalinity, water erosion and wind and water erosion combinedly. Nearly 38.7% area is subjected to slight and moderate degradation, which can easily be combated by adopting the suggested techniques and 17.1% area is free of hazard. Soil degradation processes have resulted in the loss of organic carbon, available Phosphorus and Potassium. Soil degradation due to water logging/salinization has also shown a significant increase in electrical conductivity and avaiable potassium content of soil.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52728
Title: Vegetation recovery monitoring over the Waste dump in Haizhou opencast Coalmine area, China, during 1975-2000 using NDVI and VF index
Author: Su Wei, Sun Zhong-Ping, Li Dao-Liang, Ramsankaran Raaj, Zhu Xiang, Guo Xiang-Yun
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2009
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 37, No 4, December 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Vegetation recovery monitoring, Waste dump of Haizhou opencast coalmine area, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Vegetation Fraction (VF)
Abstract: Vegetation condition monitoring has been done from 1975 to 2000 in the waste dump of Haizhou opencast coalmine area, China, using remote sensing techniques with the objective of improving our understanding of the temporal and spatial variation of vegetation recovery in the mining dump. Four historical vegetation indexes (NDVI, VF, soil brightness and vegetation greenness) from two Landsat 2 MSS images and two Landsat 5 TM images are extracted and analyzed. For the purpose of comparison and analysis two improved techniques such as normalization grading of change slope and image segmentation were used in this study. Based on the results obtained through the above analysis two conclusions are derived: (1) vegetation recovery in the study area is in an improved condition, (2) two remote sensing based vegetation indexes such as VF and NDVI are the optimal parameters to monitor vegetation condition, which could be used as the indicators of land reclamation progress in the mining area.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52727
Title: Land suitability assessment for selected crops in Vellore District based on agro-ecological characteristics
Author: S.Rasheed, K.Venugopal
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2009
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 37, No 4, December 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Agro-edaphic zones, Agro-climatic zones, Agro ecological zones, Land evaluation, Land suitability
Abstract: Planning based on agro-ecological zoning aims at scientific management of regional resources to meet the food, fibre, fodder and fuel wood requirements without adversely affecting the status of natural resources and environment. An attempt has been made to map the agro-ecological units for Vellore district of Tamil Nadu and derive the crop-zone map for the four major crops namely, paddy, sugarcane, groundnut and millets. The basic theory of FAO framework for Land Evaluation was adopted to define the suitability of crops. Land quality details necessary for evaluating the agro-land suitability of crops and for delineating the agro-ecological units include the terrain, soil and climatic characteristics. Agro-ecological units map was generated by overlaying the agro-edaphic and agro-climatic map layers in GIS. The agro-land suitability map was generated by matching the crop requirement details with the land qualities. The results of the suitability evaluation, when compared with current land use statistics of these crops showed that area cultivated is less than the area suitable for these crops.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52726
Title: Impact of Climatic parameters on Statistical Stream Flow Sensitivity Analysis for Hydro Power
Author: Manjeet Singh, V.D.Mishra, N.K.Thakur, A.V.Kulkarni, Mahavir Singh
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2009
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 37, No 4, December 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Stream flow, Snowmelt runoff, Degree day temperature index, NDSI
Abstract: Large area of Himalayas covered with seasonal snow during winter are rapidly changing during summer, significantly affects the stream flow of many rivers originating from Himalayas. This necessitates the efficient time series monitoring of seasonal snow cover in the rugged mountainous region throughout the winter and summer periods for weekly/monthly as well as seasonal forecast of stream run-off for water management and other developmental activities.
In the present paper, the stream flow simulation model is implemented for a quantitative estimation of snowmelt run-off in winter and summer seasons for Beas and Parbati catchments of Beas river in Himachal Pradesh. The main imput parameters used in the model were seasonal snow cover extent, permanent snow/glacier extent, seasonal snow line, different elevation zones, catchments areas, and basin area generated using remote sensing and GIS techniques and field data such as degree day temperature index, snowfall and rainfall. Multi-temporal Advance Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) of IRS-P6 has been used for the period between October-June for the years 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07. Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) technique which is based on reflectance in visible (VIS) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) bands has been used for mapping for snow covered area. The terrain characteristics have been extracted from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of Beas basin generated using 1:50,000 scale SoI map at 40m contour interval.
The study reveals that the month-wise discharge pattern varies from year to year; however, the stream flow rhythm for both catchments follow the same pattern. It shows that climatic parameters such as degree day temperature index, snowfall and rainfall have direct impact on daily, weekly and monthly snow melt run-off. Hence precise estimation for snow melt runoff in real time is helpful in the planning and execution of mini and micro hydel schemes.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52725
Title: Application of Satellite-based Rainfall products and SRTM DEM in Hydrological modelling of Brahmaputra basin
Author: K.H.V.Durga Rao, V.Bhanumurthy, P.S.Roy
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2009
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 37, No 4, December 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Hydrologica modelling, HEC-HMS, SRTM DEM, CPC data, Brahmaputra basin, Satellite remote sensing, Geographic information system
Abstract: Hydrological modelling of large river catchments is a challenging task for water resources engineers due to its complexity in collecting and handling of both spatial and non-spatial data such as rainfall, gauge discharges, and topographic parameters. In this paper an attempt has been made to use satellite-based rainfall products such as Climatic Prediction Centre (CPC)- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) data for hydrological modelling of larger catchment where the limited field rainfall data is available. Digital Elevation Models (DEM) such as Global DEM (1 km resolution) and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) 3- arc second (90m resolution) DEM have been used to extract topographic parameters of the basin for hydrological modelling of the study area. Various popular distributed models have been used in this study for computing excess rainfall, direct runoff from each sub-basin, and flow routing to the main outlet. The Brahmaputra basin, which is very complex both hydraulically and hydrologically due to its shape, size, and geographical location, has been examined as study area in this study. A landuse map derived from the satellite remote sensing data in conjunction with DEM and soil textual maps have been used to derive various basin and channel characteristics such as each sub-basin and channel slope, roughness coefficients, lag-time. Percentage of residual flows computed between observed flows and simulated flows using Global and SRTM DEMs are discussed. It is found that the topographic parameters computed using SRTM DEM could improve the model accuracy in computing flood hydrograph. Need of using better resolution satellite data products and the use of high-density field discharge observations is discussed.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52724
Title: Geospatial approach for Tiger habitat evaluation and distribution in Corbett Tiger Reserve, India
Author: G.Singh, A. Velmurugan, M.p. Dakhate
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2009
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 37, No 4, December 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Multi-criteria analysis, Remote sensing, GIS, Tiger habitat suitability
Abstract: India has a rich repository of flora and fauna, but the rapid decline of wildlife and threat to its habitat has been a serious cause of concern. Hence, protected areas have been set up to achieve specific conservation objectives to facilitate timely and reliable information on forest types and its composition, degradation status and their suitability for differetn species of flora and fauna. In the present study, evaluation of tiger habitat in Corbett Tiger reserve is carried out using remote sensing, ground and other ancillary sources and is integrated using GIS using multi-criteria media. The results indicated that sal, mixed sal, miscellaneous forest, plantation, grassland, agriculture and scrub land are the major land use/land cover types and majority of the study area is covered under dense forest. Tiger habitat suitability analysis showed that large proportion of the area (51.4%) was found to be highly suitable followed by moderately suitable area (31%). Further, the correlation drawn between range-wise suitability area and actual tiger population in Corbett Tiger Reserve CTR indicated a positive correlation of 0.73. Disturbance to wildlife habitat, vegetation degradation and shrinking passage corridor are the major concern in CTR.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52723
Title: Cartosat-1 Height product and ICESat/GLAS Data for Digital Elevation Surface Generation
Author: Anil Kumar, Swapnil Vyas
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2009
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 37, No 4, December 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: ICESat/GLAS satellite data, Geostatistical analysis, DES, DGPS
Abstract: Space born systems like Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) onboard collect data for ice, cloud and Land. Elevation satellite (ICESat) collects an unparalleled data set as waveform over terrestrial targets, helps in evaluating the global elevation data. In this study we compared the Digital Elevation Surface (DES) generated by Cartosat-1 point data and DES generated by merging the Cartosat-1 data with ICESat data. Outputs in the form of interpolated surfaces were evaluated with the help of differential global positioning system (DGPS) points collected from study area. The study showed the results that the DES generated from Cartosat-1 data had less elevation accuracy when compared with the DGPS data. While merging Cartosat-1 point height data with ICESat/GLAS data resulted in better accuracy. On the practical side for processing the interpolation, based on the research the ICESat/GLAS with Cartosat-1 height data can produce better DES compared to the Cartosat-1 stereo data. The DES was generated using geostatistical interpolation methods in which the global polynomial method proved to be the better for generating the surface compare to other interpolation techniques studied in this work. For co-kriging method, the accuracy decreases compare to the kriging interpolation, due to the complexity of parameters that were used for interpolation. On the theory side, based on this research the statement of which interpolation technique is better than the other cannot be mentioned easily, because these are based on the data type, parameters and also on method of interpolation. So research experiment should be more intensely and with more focused.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52722
Title: Segmentation-Assisted Classification for IKONOS Imagery
Author: Onkar Dikshit, Vinay Behl
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2009
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 37, No 4, December 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: High resolution satellite imagery, Thresholding, Region-based approach, Image segmentation, Classification, Accuracy assessment
Abstract: A segmentation-based method is presented for classification of multispectral imagery from IKONOS satellite. Three different types of sub-images pertaining to natural environment were used from IKONOS image to test the segmentation-based classification approach. Initially multispectral threshold values were obtained by global thresholding. Based on these threshold values, segments were grown in the image. The segmented image obtained by this step was further refined by merge score criteria. The refined segmented image obtained from above procedure was subjected to Gaussian maximum likelihood and minimum distance to means classifications. The classification results have shown that the proposed approach yielded statistically significant, different and better results than the conventional per-pixel classifiers.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52721
Title: Comparison of MODIS Vegetation Continuous Field -based Forest Density Maps with IRS-LISS III Derived Maps
Author: C.Jeganathan, V.K.Dadhwal, Kiran Gupta, P.L.N.Raju
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2009
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 37, No 4, December 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Kappa, MODIS Vegetation Continuous Field-VCF, Forest density, Accuracy, Map comparison, Spatial match
Abstract: The study compared forest cover maps derived using coarse resolution vegetation continuous fields (MODIS VCF;500m resolution) with the maps derived from medium resolution (24 m; IRS LISS-III) data. The comparison of VCF, percent tree cover product, for the years 2000 to 2004 with LISS III forest density class maps of 2001 and 2003 was carried out for two sites representing hilly (Uttarakhand ) and undulating terrains (Madhya Pradesh). Slicing VCF to corresponding forest crown cover, i.e., 0-10%, 10-40%, 40-70% and >70% produced considerable difference in forest area estimates when compared to original LISS III derived crown cover area. The corresponding value range in VCF for 0-10% of actual forest cover were 0-31% and 0-25% in 2 sites respectively, and the respective limit was consistent at 1-20% when VCF range were sliced with respect to upscaled LISS III at 500m resolution. Similarly, all other class limits were also found through iterative process. These limits were similar, within a site, across five years. Spatial Kappa match between these two data indicated higher match in 40-70% class, and also in undulating site. When compared at same resolution, similar forest area cover estimated with weighted area upscaling gave closest match. The study is useful in knowing the usability and limits of VCF product, and utility of spatial Kappa.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52720
Title: Sorption characteristics of agro waste product in the removal of lead (II)
Author: Dr N Muthulakshmi Andal and N Shyamaladevi
Editor: P K Bhattacharya
Year: 2008
Publisher: TERI, Vol 7, No 1, March 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: TIDEE- TERI Information Digest on Energy and Environment
Keywords: Saw dust, Pb(II)
Abstract: In recent years considerable attention has been given to study the removal of heavy metal ions employing adsorption technique using agricultural waste materials. Saw dust may collect as piles and harmful leachates into local water systems, creating a environmental hazard. This has placed small sawyer and environmental agencies in an deadlock. The present study undertakes the sorption capacity of saw a waste product for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous systems.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52719
Title: Decision support system for micro-hydro power plants in the Amazon region under a sustainable development perspective
Author: Claudio J.C. Blanco
Editor: Gautam S Dutt
Year: 2008
Publisher: International Energy Initiative, Vol XII, No 3, September 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Energy for Sustainable Development- The Journal of the International Energy Initiative
Keywords: Amazon region, sustainable develpment, small isolated communities, micro-hydro power plant, decision support system
Abstract: One of the main obstacles to the socio-economic development of the Brazilian Amazon is the lack of electric energy in the numerous small isolated communities of the region that hampers value-added agricultural production, revenue growth and creation of jobs. One way to solve this problem is by setting up micro-hydro power (MHP) plants under a sustainable development perspective. This paper presents a decision support system (DSS) that analyzes this solution. The system considers the hydrological, topographical, geotechnical, environmental, energy, economic and social aspects of the target site. A detailed analysis is made of the hydrological model that employs a rainfall run-off model for small catchment analysis; the energy planning favors a two-turbine method to determine the maximum energy production during demand peaks, and the economic aspects show that the costs of energy generated by MHP plants are comparable to those from rural grid systems and lower than those from diesel generators. Thus, the use of the hydro-power resources of the small catchments of Amazonia combined with the minimization of the environmental impacts caused by MHP not only fulfills the energy demand of the small communities of region, but is also viable economically along with job creation and revenue generation, and it supports the perspective of sustainable development.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52718
Title: From the rocket stove to a mini gasworks
Author: Jens Berkan, Jan Kai Dobelmann
Editor: Dr. Volker Buddensiek
Year: 2009
Publisher: BVA Bielefelder Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, January 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Sun & Wind Energy
Keywords: Wood gas
Abstract: Wood gas is an important source of energy in rural areas in Laos. The use of local bioenergy can reduce dependency on fossil fuels and foreign currency.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None