ID: 53227
Title: Division of drought in north of Iran using drought indices
Author: Jalal Behzadi, Z. Jafarpour and P. Kardovani
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Precipitation, deciles index, drought, standardized precipitation index, Guilan
Abstract: Increase of population and consequently increase of requirement for water and food has increased the damage of drought. Drought is a repeated continental disaster that is dependant on precipitation and deferment of precipitation season. In this study, severity, abundance and extent of drought in Guilan in north of Iran during 30 years statistical period from 1967 to 2005 has been studied using 3 drought indices: Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Deciles Index (DI), and Difference of precipitation percentage method. Results showed that although Guilan is in a pluvial area with annual precipitation of 1070 mm, but drought is not only rare, but also a repeatable phenomenon. All 3 methods used in this study showed severe drought in 1979, 1991 and 1995; furthermore risk of drought is higher in middle parts of province, therefore it requires more attention in water sources management.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53226
Title: Effect of different rates of fertilizer, manure and micro-nutrients on chamomile
Author: Abolfazl Tavassoli, Ahmad Ghanbari, Ebrahim Amiri and Yousef Paygozar
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Chamomile, Fertilizer, Manure, Micronutrients, Essential oil, Yield
Abstract: In order to study of the effect of different rates of fertilizer, manure, micronutrients and mixture of them on flower, seed yields and main composition of essential oil of chemomile, field experiment was conducted in 2006-2007 in a farm located at 5 kilometer from west of Shirvan city. The experimental design was randomized complete block with three replications and eight treatments including : unfertilized (F), 100% fertilizer (F2 ), 100% manure(F3 ), micronutrients foliar (F4 ), 50% fertilizer + 50% manure (F5 ), 100% fertilizer + micro nutrients foliar (F6 ), 100% manure + micronutrients foliar (F7 ), and 50% fertilizer + 50% manure + micronutrients foliar (F8 ). The results showed that the highest seed, fresh and dry flower yield obtained from 100% fertilizer + micronutrients treatment and there wasn ' t significant difference between this treatment with 100% fertilizer treatment. The highest essential oil and chamazulen percentage obtained from 50% fertilizer + 50% manure and 100% manure treatments. The highest essential oil and chamazulen yield achieved from 50% fertilizer + 50% manure + micronutrients treatment and there wasn ' t significant different between this treatment and 50% fertilizer + 50% manure treatments.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53225
Title: The effect of water saving irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer levels on grain yield of rice hybrid in north of Iran
Author: M. Ashouri, Gh. Noormohammadi, M. Kavousi, S.A.Siadat, F. Darvish and E. Amiri
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Water saving irrigation, Nitrogen levels, rice, Iran
Abstract: Rice production in Iran needs to increase to feed a growing population whereas water for irrigation is getting scarce. One way to reduce water consumption in paddy field is change of irrigation regime and replacement of continuous submergence (CS) to alternately submergence (AS). On the other hand one way to increase the yield in hectare of rice is utilization of fertilizers specially nitrogen fertilizer. In order to investigating the effect of different regimes of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on yield of hybrid rice an experiment was conducted at rice research institute of Iran during crop season 2008 experiment was arranged in split plot based on completely randomized block design with 3 replications in which water regimes were main factor included Continuous Submergence and Alternative Submergence conditions (irrigation intervals of 5, 8 and 11 days) and nitrogen fertilizer levels were sub factro included 0, 90, 120 and 150 kg/ha. Biomass, yield and yield components were statistically the same under CS and interval irrigation of 5 and 8 days. Irrigation water input in 8 days interval was 18% less than continuous submergence. Grain yields were 5303 and 7399 kg/ha with 0 and 120 kg N/ha respectively.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53224
Title: Effect of monocrotophos chlorpyrifos alone and in combination with mancozeb and carbendazim on urease activity in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) soil
Author: M. Srinivasulu, M.Madakka, G.Jaffer Mohiddin and V.Rangaswamy
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Monocrotophos, Chlorpyrifos, Mancozeb, Carbendazim, Urease activity, Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) soil
Abstract: A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the effect of the monocrotophos, chlorpyrifos alone and in combination with mancozeb and carbendazim in two soils, collected from a fallow groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) field. The activity of urease, in terms of ammonia formed from urea was more pronounced in soil samples treated with 2.5 kg ha-1 of the monocrotophos alone and in combination with mancozeb, and chlorpyrifos alone and in combination with carbendazim respectively, but at higher concentrations of 7.5 and 10 kg ha-1 were toxic to urease activity. Where as the activity of urease was higher in red soil, received the monocrotophos in combination with mancozeb at 5.0 kg ha-1 and chlorpyrifos in combination with carbendazim at 2.5 kg ha-1 in black soil, incubated for 20 days. The enzyme activity was drastically decreased on prolonged period of incubation up to 30 and 40 days.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53223
Title: Litter decomposition and nutrient release in Salix alba Linn. (Cricket bat willow)
Author: Malik Ahsaf Aziz, M.Y.Zargar, N.A. Masoodi and Shazia Lone
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Azotobacter chroococcum, Decomposition, effective microorganisms, microbial inoculation, salix alba, Pseudomonas fluorescens, nutrient release
Abstract: Litterbag experiment was carried out at the forest nursery of Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture and Regional Research Station SKUAST Wadura, Sopore, Kashmir during 2006-2007 to study the role of micro-organisms in litter decomposition and nutrient release in Salix alba under natural Salix stands. The experiment was laid in completely randomised design with three replications which comprised five treatment combinations of 5 inoculants (no-inoculant; Azotobacter, Chroococcum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, effective microorganisms and combinations of Azotobacter chroococcum + Pseudomonas fluorescens + effective microorganisms). Higher rate of decomposition of Salix alba litter was recorded in June (80.16%). Lower rate of decomposition of the species was recorded in January (37.08%). Plant N, P, K, Ca and Mg release showed an increasing trend from July onwards upto November and immobilization of above nutrients was observed in December and January. However, in the succeeding months an increasing trend in the nutrient release was observed. Highest nutrient release was recorded under combined inoculation of Azotobacter chrococcum + Psedomonas fluorescens + effective microorganisms followed by effective microorganisms as compared to other treatments and control. Combined inoculation resulted in a significant increase in total viable bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes followed by effective microorganisms, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Azotobacter chroococcum and control respectively. Thus the treatment combination of Azotobacter chroococcum + Pseudomonas fluorescens, Azotobacter chroococcum and control respectively. Thus the treatment combination of Azotobacter chroococcum + Pseudomonas fluerescens + effective microorganisms proved to be the best for decomposition of Salix alba litter and nutrient release.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53222
Title: Determination of self purification of water of Kor river: west-southern of Iran:a case study
Author: M. Madadi
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Quality of water, Standard threshold, self purification model
Abstract: An attempt was made to evaluate the quality of water of Kor River in Fars province, Iran. Water samples from different locations on the course of Kor River were collected to check the suitability of water for human use. The parameters like, TSS, TDS, BOD adn COD were measured and were compared with standard threshold.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53221
Title: Effect of plant growth regulators on fruit growth and quality of Sapota [Manikara achras (Mill)- Fosbergy] cultivar kalipatti
Author: K.D.Ingale, C.K.Dixit, R.V.Patil and S.A.Hireyr
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Sapota, Plant growth regulators , Area fruit growth
Abstract: The study revealed that NAA 100 ppm + GA3 100ppm was found to be more effective in fruits carried upto maturity as well as fruit growth post monsoon thus while during the spring season NAA 100 ppm + GA3 25 ppm was found more effective in fruit carried upto maturity and accelerating fruit growth. With regard to the qualitative parameters, the fruit treated with NAA 100 ppm + GA3 100 ppm were found superior in T.S.S. reducing sugars non reducing sugar and tota sugar content of fruits total titrable acidity was found less in fruits treated both NAA 100 ppm + GA3 100 ppm during both the seasons.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53220
Title: MCU soft-A decision support system to estimate the monthly consumptive use with minimum meteorological observations
Author: A.C.Pandey, Ashok Mishra, S.S.Kumar and B.P.Singh
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Decision support system, Evapotranspiration, consumptive use, crop coefficient, effective rainfall
Abstract: To estimate the monthly consumptive use for a particular crop in a particular region is a cumbersome process and several equations have been developed so far. To calculate the total irrigation water requirement for a particular crop period requires the information of consumptive use/potential evapo-transpiration, crop coefficient, effective rainfall and the overall expected irrigation efficiency. To ease the calculation of consumptive use with minimum data set to predict several thing, as total water requirement for a particular crop, number of irrigation required, irrigation scheduling, in-situ and ex-situ water conservation or harvesting practices or size of structures etc, the Lowry Johnson method has been selected and a small Decision Support System named as MCU soft has been made in the computer language Visual Basic 6.0. The DSS requires only themean monthly temperature to get monthly Consumptive use/ Postential Evapo-transpiration and to predict water requirement per hectare for any field crop, Crop coefficient , Effective rainfall and Expected overall irrigation efficiency. This DSS has been monitored with several data sets and found theoretically correct and ready to help for the researchers.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53219
Title: Studies on the chemistry of ground water in Howrah District, W.B., India
Author: Dhananjoy Koner
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Ground water, pH, conductivity, total hardness, dissolved oxygen, Chemical oxygen demand
Abstract: The present study deals with the determination of quality of well-waters taken from different villages of Amta Block-I in the District of Howrah, West Bengal, India. The investigation is made in the pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons of 2007-2008. The variations in the values of pH, EC, total NH3, total hardness, TDS, chlorine, Na, K, Total Phosphate, Sulphate, DO and COD are not so remarkable in different seasons. It has become clear from the results that there is certain deterioration of water quality in some specific villages. However water of all the villages may be used safely for drinking and irrigation purposes. But for drinking purpose particularly during the pre-monsoon period sufficient remedial practices should be adopted. The probable reasons for the water quality degradation in some villages are also investigated.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53218
Title: Ecology and ethnobotany of the Juang of Keonjhar district, Orissa, India
Author: B.Acharya, H.P.Sahoo and R.K.Parida
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Juang, Ecology, Shifting Cultivation, Ethnomedicine, Keonjhar
Abstract: Ecological and ethnobotanical approaches to human society is important in the context of environmental degradation. The small scale societies always experience the worst consequences of degradation of their cultural environment. The paper attempts to analyse the prevailing ecological condition of the tribal habitat and the ethnobotanical practices of the Juang tribe of Keonjhar district of Orissa. After giving a brief account of the Juang and the ecology of their habitat, a comprehensive study on the medicinal uses of plant species has been made basing on the traditional knowledge system of the tribe. Ethnobotanical information on the use of 126 plant species belonging to 107 general adn 54 families have been recorded. Of the total number of plant species reported during investigation medicinal uses of 66 belonging to 40 families are reported.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53217
Title: Variations in the biomass of the macrophytes of Oksoipat lake (Bishnupur), Manipur, India
Author: S.Umeshwari Devi and B. Manihar Sharma
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Oksoipat lake, Eutrophic, Biomass, Freshwater
Abstract: Seasonal variations in the biomass of the macrophytes in Oksoipat lake, Manipur were carried out at monthly intervals during a period of two years. The Oksoipat lake is located at a distance of 21Km on teh south-western side of Imphal city. The study was conducted at five different study sites including one site which is semi-terrestrial in habitat. Among the dominant macrophytic species, the maximum biomass value was exhibited by Ceratophyllum demersum, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Echinochloa stagnina, Hydrilla verticillata etc. The total biomass of all species (combined) ranged from 150.87 gm-2 to 588.05 gm-2.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53216
Title: Status of threatened medicinal plants in north-west Orissa, Eastern Ghats, India
Author: S.C.Sahu and N.K.Dhal
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Critical Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Medicinal plants, North-West Orissa, Eastern Ghats
Abstract: The present study was carried out in north-west part of Orissa to ascertain the conservation assessment and present status of medicinal plants which highlights the 2 critically endangered, 11 endangered and 13 vulnerable species along with their botanical name, voucher specimen number, family, locality, local name, life form, distribution and IUCN status.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53215
Title: Effect of VA mycorrhizal association on the growth and rate of photosynthetic products in leguminous plants under heavy metal stress
Author: K.K. Anilkumar and G. Muraleedharakurup
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Cadmium, Heavy metal, VAM, Zinc
Abstract: The aim of this work was to study the effect of mycorrhizal infection on growth rate, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic products of leguminous plants grown under heavy metal stress. It could be concluded that VAM association could effectively protect the plants from heavy metal stress. The results obtained indicate that in industrial areas where heavy metals are discharged in to the environment, VAM association can enhance the survival and proper growth of the host plant.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53214
Title: Effect of two organophosphorous insecticides on the blood constituents of the fish Tilapia mossambica
Author: S. Logaswamy, Shijitha J Nambiar and K.M.Remia
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Blood parameters, Malathion and Quinalphos, Tilapia mossambica
Abstract: The effects of organophsophorous pesticides malathion and quinalphos, on some biochemical parameters of fresh water fish, Tilapia mossambica were investigated under sublethal toxicity in the present study. LC50 value of malathion and quinalphos were 3ppm and 14 ppm respectively for 24 hrs treatment. Biochemical parameters like glucose, protein, cholesterol and electrolytes were analysed in the blood of fish and all the parameters showed significant changes. The present findings clearly indicate that even sublethal concentrations of malathion and quinalphos produce dysfunction of many physiological and biochemical processes in fish and compensatory mechanisms are induced to meet the energy demand of the cell resulting from the pesticide stress.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53213
Title: Eco-geographical variation of seed traits, oil content and categorization of Jatropha curcas (L.) accessions
Author: K. Subramanyam, Muralidhara Rao Dowlathabad, N. Devanna and K. Subramanyam
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology: Environment & Conservation
Keywords: Jatropha curcas, Seed size, Oil content, Soxlet Extraction
Abstract: The present study was conducted to determien the variation in seed traits and oil content of 40 accessions of Jatropha curcas collected from different eco agro climatic zones in India. There were differences in seed size, 100- seed weight and oil content between accessions. Maximum seed length (17.66 mm) was observed in OTRI/JC/44 followed by OTRI/JC/29. Minimum seed length (15.95 mm). Maximum seed weight was recorded in OTRI/JC/20, (68.30 g) and least (49.60 g) was recorded in OTRI/JC/66. The oil content variation range from 17.33% in OTRI/JC/87 to 39.40 in OTRI/JC/44. Based on the seed oil content, these accessions are being categorized into three categories. Low oil content accessions: having <30% seed oil content. Moderate oil content accessions: having 30-35% seed oil content. High oil content accessions:having 30-55% seed oil content. High oil content accessions: having 35-40%.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None