ID: 53497
Title: Biodiversity of microbes in paper mill effluent
Author: G. Senthilkumar and A. Panneerselvam
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Paper mill effluent, biodiversity, bacteria, fungi and pollution
Abstract: An investigation was carried out to assess the impact of paper mill effluent on the microbial diversity viz, bacteria and fungi. Results of one year ecological study revealed that altogether 7 species of bacteria and 12 species of fungi were isolated from the paper mill effluent stream. Among bacteria, Streptococcus with two species and others with single species each were recorded. Aspergillus was dominant among fungi with 9 species followed by Penicillium, Rhizopus and Trichoderma. Higher amounts of phosphates and nitrates, with sufficient amount of oxidizable organic matter limited dissolved oxygen content and slightly alkaline pH were probably the factors favouring the growth of microbes especially fungi. The utilization of dominant species of fungi to monitor pollution in paper mill effluent has also been discussed.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53496
Title: Physico-chemical analysis of sewage drains at Darbhanga, Bihar, India
Author: Kamlesh Kumar Yadav
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Drains, Pollution status, Physico-chemical parameters
Abstract: This paper describes the pollution status of five major drains entering into the river Adhwara at Darbhanga, studies were conducted during Feb. 2008- to Jan 2009. The pH values of the drains water varied from 7.48 to 7.80. Conductivity ranged from 186 to 296 mmho/cm, TDS varied from 290 to 470 mg/L and Total hardness from 192 to 388 mg/L. The Turbidity varied from 28.6 to 37.7 NTU. The chloride content varied from 48.7 to 76.8 mg/L. Sulphates from 210 to 310 mg/L Nitrate from 11.2 to 23.6 mg/L, calcium from 190 to 372 mg/L and Magnesium from 69 to 112 mg/L. The total alkalinity varied from 26 to 44 mg/L. The DO fluctuated from 2.75 to 4.29 mg/L. The BOD varied from 130-290 mg/L.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53495
Title: Investigation of acute toxicity of synthetic pyrethroid fenvalerate in fish Cyprinus carpio
Author: V.Raja, B. Velmurugan, M. Selvanayagam and T. Ambrose
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Synthetic pyrethroids, Fenvalerate, Common carp, Cyprinus carpio, 96-h LC50 Behavioural studies
Abstract: Acute toxicity of synthetic pyrethroid fenvalerate in fish common carp Cyprinus carpio investigated in the present study. The static renewal test method of acute toxicity was used. The experiments were repeated 3 times and the 96-h LC50 was determined for the Cyprinus carpio. The data obtained from the actue toxicity test were evaluated using the probit analysis statistical method, developed by USEPA. The 96-h LC50 value for fenvalerate in fish Cyprinus carpio waS found to be 3.059 ppb. Fenvalerate was found to be more toxic to the fish Cyprinus carpio. Behavioural changes were studied during the exposure period.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53494
Title: On frequency distribution of some air pollutant concentrations at Thoothukudi, India
Author: K.Sivarmasundaram, P. Muthusubramanian and R.V. Jeba Rajasekhar
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Distribution fitting, Chi square test, pollutant concentration
Abstract: Probability density functions were utilized to the 24 hour average concentrations of the pollutants like oxides of nitrogen (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO2), respirable particulate matter (RPM) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) recorded from April to August 2006 in Thoothukudi, India and the distribution of levels of pollutants was performed. A non parametric goodness of fit test namely x2-test was also performed for the same datasets of the pollutant concentrations in the present investigation. It was observed that lognormal distribution was appropriate for the dataset pertaining to NOx, SO2 and RPM concentrations, whereas the normal distribution was appropriate for the dataset related to SPM concentrations. The distribution fitting so obtained for the dataset would be used not only for obtaining the percentage of concentrations falling in specific ranges but also for framing suitable regulation measure and its subsequent implementation.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53493
Title: Inventory of wetland plant diversity from Manipur with emphasis on species utilization spectrum
Author: M. Romeo Singh and Asha Gupta
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Diversity indices, Shannon index, Richness, inventory, Utilization, wetland
Abstract: This paper provides an insight into the wetland plant resources from Imphal valley of Manipur (Latitude 23.800 N to 25. 680 N and Longitude 93.030E to 94.780E) with their utility spectrum. A note is also provided about the habitat characteristics and diversity of vegetation from the eight studied sites. The inventory enlists 103 species belonging to 36 families out of which Poaceae is most dominant family. Exclusively 45 food species, 28 fodder species, 6 plants as fuel, 34 medicinal and several multipurpose species have been reported. Richness index (R1 viz. Margalef ' s index) vary from 3.46-8, (R2 i.e Menhinick index) vary from 0.71-1.71, Simpson index (I) vary from 0.05-0.55, Shannon index (H) vary from 1.33-2.73, Equitability index for abundant species (E) vary from 1.58-3.8, Physico chemical parameter recorded from eight (8) study sites were: Chloride - 20-71 mg/L, Mg-7-34 mg/L, Ca-4-30 mg/L, Total hardness-80-176 mg/L, Free CO2-1-6 mg/L, DO-5-13.2 mg/L, pH-6-7.5 and Temp.(0C) 20-29.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53492
Title: Distribution of minerals in some villages of (Krishnagiri district), Tamil Nadu, India (Focus on fluoride and fluorosis)
Author: S. Malar and S. Karuppannan
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Uthangarai, Calcium, GIS, Magnesium, Fluoride, Fluorosis
Abstract: The distribution of minerals in underground water was determined in 15 villages of Uthangarai Taluk, Krishnagiri District, Tamil Nadu, (India). Here the ground water is the only source of drinking water. Fluoride is determined by Ion-e selective electrode method. Various other water quality parameter such as pH, Electrical conductivity, Total dissolved salts, Total alkalinity as well as calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride and sulfates were also measured. A systematic calculation of correction coefficients among different physico-chemical parameters was performed. The analytical results indicated considerable variations among the anlayzed samples with respect to their chemical compositions. The fluoride concentration in the underground water of these villages varied from 1.5 to 5.0 ppm causing dental fluorosis, among people especially children of these villages 78% of these children were affected by dental fluorosis, while skeletal fluorosis mostly affected in adults.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53491
Title: Study on quality of effluent discharge from textile bleaching and dyeing units cetps in Karur, Tamil Nadu
Author: R. Rajamanickam and S. Rajamohan
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Karur, Textile dyeing units, CETP, Effluent quality
Abstract: In the last two decades the extensive growth of bleaching and dyeing units in Karur, has adversely affected the Amaravathy river water quality as well as the groundwater quality of the river basin. Out of 487 units 391 units are member in common effluent treatment plant (CETP). 8 CETPs are in operation. The remaining 96 units have provided individual effluent treatment plant (IETP). After treatment the effluent is let into Amaravathy river. Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB) monitors the quality of treated effluent discharge from CETPs and IETPs on monthly basis. The report of analysis reveals that the total dissolved solids, chlorides, bio chemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand are exceeding the permissible inland surface water discharge standards. TNPCB have directed all the dyeing units to provide reverse osmosis (RO) plant with reject management system (RMS) and recycle the entire treated effluent so as to achieve zero liquid discharge (ZLD) level.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53490
Title: Biology of Phalantha phalantha drury (Lepidoptera: Nymphaliidae), a pest of Populus deltoides Bartr.
Author: Rajani Ahluwalia
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 7, July 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Phalantha phalantha, Instars, population, life cycle, generations
Abstract: phalantha phalantha Drury is an orange colour butterfly with spotted wings. It starts emerging in the month of May and oviposits eggs on the leaves and green twigs. It has five larval instars with total larval period of 21-28 days. Fourth and the fifth larval instars are most harmful stages in which larvae feed voraciously and eat every part of the leaf. It completes its life cycle in 32-42 days in rainy season and completes 7-9 overlapping generations each year. June-August is the most active period of the pest and its population starts declining from October end onwards.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53489
Title: Ethnobotany of wild plants of Govind Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park, Uttarakhand
Author: Ranjeet Kaur and S.P.Joshi
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 7, July 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: MFPs, ethnobotany, conservation, commerciliazation
Abstract: Govind Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park, Uttarakhand is characterized by rich diversity of ethno-botanical plants. The present investigations in an attempt for the documentation of MFPs used by local people of the sanctuary, from the floristic diversity data collected from Sep., 2005 to March, 2007. We used participatory rural appraisal and standard vegetation sampling methods in three sites located at different altitude, to investigate about the ethnobotany of plants. The present study reveals that the 173 plants belonging to different families are used for various purposes by local people. From 137 species reported from the Har-ki-Dun site, 112 species out of them were MFPs whereas in Osla site out of 64 species recorded, 30 species were MFP and in Bencha site within 47 species, 17 were MFP species. The 14 MFP species were reported from other locations in the sanctuary.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53488
Title: Effect of storage temperature on germination behaviour of seeds of Himalayan Hornbeam (Carpinus viminea L.)
Author: Deepti Verma, Gajendra Singh, Nirmal Ram and Manisha Thapliyal
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 7, July 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Carpinus viminea, Germination behaviour, Temperature
Abstract: Carpinus viminea, the species of moist temperature forest of Western Himalaya is facing the problem of poor regeneration in Mandal forest of Kedarnath Forest Division, Uttarakhand. In this context, seed study of this species was performed to observe the germination behavior of its seeds at different temperature condition. Collected seeds were stored at three different temperatures (50C, 150C, room temperature) and their germination behavior was observed. The 50C temperature was found comparatively better storage temperature for seeds of Carpinus viminea as higher number of seeds retained viability after one year of storage. Seeds lost the viability completely after the five month of storage at room temperature, at 150C only 6.66+ 2.66% of seeds retained viability after one year, while at 50C, 9.33 + 2.66% germination of seeds of Carpinus viminea was obtained. It was concluded that, if the initial germinability of Carpinus viminea seeds is high then they can be stored for a year at 50C with steady decline in germination.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53487
Title: Status and improvement strategies of conifer forests of Western Himalayas with special reference to Kashmir region
Author: R. Banyal, N.A.Masoodi, S.A.Gangoo, Ravi Kumar, S.N.Zaffar and Safiq Trambu
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 7, July 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Conifers, Western Himalaya, Abies, Cedrus, Pinus, Picea
Abstract: Conifers occupy 6.0 percent of total forest area of India and 0.4 percent of the world. Mainly four genera i.e. Abies, Cedrus, Picea and Pinus form the forest of great economic significance in Western Himalayas especially in Kashmir province. In J & K 19.95 percent forest cover is having dense and open forests to the tune of 11,019 and 9,422 km2 respectively. Forest productivity has been lowered down from 3.0 to 0.5 m3/ ha/ annum in the recent past. The improvement strategies include protection, reduction in dependency, policy and institutional frame work, increasing the forest productivity and expansion in the forest area. Strengthening silvicultural research on innovative and modern techniques, producing quality seedlings, reducing gestation period, understanding ecto-mycorrhizal association to enhance rooting, adoption of clonal forestry and adoption of people participatory mode.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53486
Title: Effect of nitrogen and phosphorous on the biomass production of Phyllanthus amarus at nursery stage
Author: Anita Tomar, Rashmi Chamoli and V.R.R.Singh
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 7, July 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Phyllanthus amarus, fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorous
Abstract: Phyllanthus amarus is an important medicinal plant commonly known as Bhumyamalaki, belongs to family Euphorbiaceae. In the nursery raised seedlings of P.amarus nitrogen and phosphorus treatments were applied as: T0, Control, T1 30 kg N/ha, T2 40 kg N/ha, T3 50 kg N/ha, T4, 30 kgN + 50 Kg P/ha, T5 40 Kg N+50 kg P/ha, T6 50 Kg N + 50 kg P/ha. The best results were recorded in T4 (N30*P50) treatments as compared to others. The plants treated with N30*P50 had highest plant height, number of branches, collar diameter, fresh and dry weight of shoot and highest biomass.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53485
Title: Efficient utilization of degraded lands for green biomass production through silvi-pastoral system in Doon valley
Author: Charan Singh
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 7, July 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Silvi-pastoral System, Biomass production, Degraded lands, Grewia, Bauhinia, Albizia
Abstract: The study was conducted during 1990 to 2000 in the subtropical climate on degraded bouldery riverbed land containing 74% of bouldery contents. The five treatments were compared with two tree canopy management practices along with Napier grass and without grass. The G.optiva did not affect the survival and growth parameters significantly and the highest grass survival (78.6%) was recorded under the tree pollarding management practice followed by grass along without tree association (72.5%). The maximum green biomass production (260 q/ha) from Napier was recorded under Pollarding followed by total tree biomass from Pollarding alone (89 q/ha). The total biomass from the silvipastoral system as a whole was highest with pollarding + grass (296 q/ha), followed by lopping + grass (229 q/ha). Therefore, the pollarding + grass (management ) associated was the best treatment to obtain maximum grass biomass from degraded lands.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53484
Title: Occurrence of some rare, endangered and red listed endemic plants in Velliangiri Hills, a part of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, India
Author: M. Murugesan and V. Balasubramaniam
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 7, July 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Rare, endangered and red listed endemic plants, Velliangiri hills, Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, Tamil Nadu
Abstract: The present paper highlights the occurrence of 31 species of very little known rare, endangered and red listed endemic plants in Velliangiri hills, a part of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, the Western Ghats of Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu, India. These species are ecologically very important since they are strictly endemic and confined only to the hills of southern Western Ghats. Correct nomenclature, family, brief description together with phenological, distributional data, specimen examined and IUCN status are given for each species to facilitate further collection and easy identification.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53483
Title: Genetic analysis of important morpho-economic traits in periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don
Author: Maneesha Singh and Samresh Dwivedi
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 7, July 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Catharanthus roseus, Diallel analysis, Genetic variance
Abstract: Studies were conducted with six diverse genotypes of Catharanthus roseus including one [0.5% EMS induced] mutant and one released [white with cream centre] cultivars ' Nirmal ' and one recently released white petal with pink centre cultivar, ' Prabal ' to seek the genetic information on leaf alkaloid yield by using dialled analysis. Based on the two analyses, namely genetic variance component and combining ability, both additive and non-additive genetic variances were found important in the inheritance of alkaloid and other yield contributing characters although non-additive component was higher than the additive component for most of the characters. Mean degree of dominance indicated the presence of over-dominance for most of the characters except for leaf-stem ratio.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None