ID: 53277
Title: Immunosupressive effect of sevin on the humoral immune response to protein and cellular antigens in Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters)
Author: E. Joy Sharmila and S.K.Dwarakanath
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Immunosupression, pesticide residues, cellular antigens, soluble antigens, fish
Abstract: The indiscriminate use of chemicals has caused concern about the toxic effects of the residues on non-target organisms. The carbamate pesticide which contains carabaryl, is widely used against sucking pests. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different concentrations of Sevin, a pesticide that contains carbamate, on the humoral immune response to three antigens S-BSA (Soluble Bovine Serum Albumin), HA-BSA (Heat Aggregated Bovine Serum Albumin) and SRBC (Sheep Blood Cells). The antibody response was studied by passive haemagglutination assay. The fish after challenged with the antigens showed decrease in antibody response to Sevin at all doses. The degree of supression showed a positive correlation to the concentrations of the pesticide and dose dependent immunosuppression was noticed.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53276
Title: Screening of fungus in anti-microbial herb Tecoma stans (L) Kunth Ex HBK-A microbiological evaluation
Author: C.S. Senthilkumar, M.Sureshkumar, E.G.Wesley and M.Rajasekara Pandian
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Fungal isolates, Microscopic evaluation, Medicinal plant, Tecoma stans
Abstract: Various plant fungus were isolated from Tecoma stans (L) Kunth Ex HBK in four distinct fungal medium enabling us to evaluate the diversity of pathogens in the valuable medicinal herb. Infected leaf scrapings cultured in different fungal media and Lacto phenol cotton blue staining influenced the study of pathogens under the microscope.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53275
Title: Study on the effect of drugs on Caenorhabditis elegans
Author: Surjo Prabha Paul and Seeba Manoj
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Toxicity testing, Drugs, C. elegans
Abstract: There is an increasing concern about toxicity of wide range of drugs used for treating disease therefore, a rapid method to determien the effect of these toxic chemicals are warranted. In the present study the toxicity of six drugs were evaluated on model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. The mortality of the nematodes after treatment was adopted as the endpoint for toxicity testing. The LC50 data was calculated and dose responsive curves were obtained. The study revealed that the toxicity was in order of Rivastigimine>Citrizine>Omez>Atenolol>Sodium Valproate>Ampicillin. The LC50 values were then compared with published data of LD50 of rats and mice using Spearman Rank correlation method. The data obtained showed a high positive correlation of toxicity of drugs in C.elegans with rats and mice and hence we demonstrate C.elegans as a suitable model organism for toxicity testing.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53274
Title: Studies on Allelopathic potentiality of paddy weeds in Iran
Author: Ebrahim Gholamlipour Alamdari and S.S.Deokule
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Allelopathic effect, Paddy weed species, Whole plant leachates, Seed germination, Seedling growth and Organic constitute
Abstract: The allelopathic effects of whole aqueous plant leachates of four selected weed species viz. Cyperus difformis, Echinochloa crusgalli, Paspalum paspaloides and Sagittaria trifolia on radicle and hypocotyl length of seedling as well as seed germination of paddy varieties like Tarom, Neda and Fajer were studied at 2007 in Iran. Results showed that whole plant leachates of selected weeds except Cyperus difformis significantly decreased both radicle and hypocotyl length of paddy seedling of Tarom variety. It was also recorded that whole plant leachates of Sagittaria trifolia decreased seed germination of Tarom variety at 50% over control (93.33%) only. Laboratory bioassay also indicated that seed germination as well as radicle and hypocotyl length of paddy seedling of Neda variety was significantly hampered by whole plant leachates of Sagittaria trifolia and Paspalum paspaloides only. The effect of whole plant leachates of Cyperus difforms stimulated hypocotyl length of Fajer variety while radicle length of mentioned test variety was not significantly affected by whole plant leachates of above weed. It indicates that whole plant leachate of Cyperus difformis has some active allelochemicals which stimulated hypocotyl length of paddy seedling. In general, seedling growth of test crop significantly was hampered by whole plant leachates of Sagittaria trifolia at (5.96 cm) over control (9.25 cm) only. It was also recorded that whole plant leachates of Sagittaria trifolia as well as Paspalum paspaloides had maximum inhibitory effect on seed germination of test crop as compared with other weeds. However, seed germination as well as radicle and hypocotyl length of Tarom and Neda varieties was much sensitive to allelopathic inhibition of whole plant leachates of Sagittaria trifolia in great extent as compared with Fajer variety. Comparison of mean of organic constitute in selected weeds showed that Sagittaria trifolia and Echinochloa crusgalli had high quantities of phenols and starch respectively. The estimation of proteins revealed that all selected weeds except Paspalum paspaloides had similar quantity of proteins.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53273
Title: Specific activity and molecular characterization of protease of both wild and mutant strains of Bacillus subtilis
Author: J. Kasthuri and K. Dhanalakshmi
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Protease, Bacillus subtilis, Mutant strain, Specific activity, Molecular characterization
Abstract: The Bacillus subtilis isolated from the soil samples was grown in LB broth. The enzyme protease was recovered and assayed for its protein content and specific activity at various levels of purification. Of which, the ion exchange chromatographic sample seemed to be a highly purified form when compared to the other two samples. On further experimentation it showed an optimal activity at 650C and pH 7. Further, Ca++, Mg++ and EDTA seemed to activate the specific activity of protease at optimized temperature and pH; whereas HgCl2 and FeCl2 showed inhibitory effect. The strain was then improved by UV exposure and the one exposed to 15 min showed the highest activity (0.186 U/mL). Besides, the protease of both wild and mutant strains revealed the molecular weight 28,000 and 38,000 D respectively. Thus the mutant strain seemed to be the superior.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53272
Title: In vitro studies of anthelmintic activity of Lagenaria siceraria
Author: S.L.Deore, S.S.Khadabadi, K.P.Chittam, B.A.Baviskar, N.D.Matke, A.R.Todkar, M.S.Kubade and K.V.Moon
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Anthelmintic activity, Ascardia galli, Lagenaria siceraria, Pheretima posthuma
Abstract: Ethanol and aqueous extracts from the fruits of L.siceraria were investigated for their anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma and Ascardia galli. Various concentrations (25, 50, 100 mg/mL) of aqueous and ethanolic extracts were tested in the bioassay, which involved determination of time of paralysis and time of death of the worms. Both the extracts exhibited significant anthelmintic activity at highest concentration of 100 mg/mL. Piperazine citrate was included as standard reference and distilled water as control.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53271
Title: Antagonistic effect of Bacillus thuringiensis sub-species (H12) on pathogens of Tilapia species
Author: U.S.Bagde, B.V.Bilolikar and R.S.Pandit
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Bacillus thuringiensis, Tilapia, Antagonistic, Probiotic
Abstract: The aquaculture in Asia has evolved dramatically during the last decade, leading to major structural changes and capital intensive production system. Asian countries have increased their aquaculture production significantly, but it has not been without environmental and socioeconomic impacts; among the most important are increasingly fish health issues. However, fish disease is the major risk factor in commercial aquaculture with millions of dollars lost annually, and the fish disease has emerged as a major constraint to sustainable development of aquaculture. Hence in the present investigation the antagonistic effect of Bacillus thuringiensis subs. sp. H12 on pathogens from Tilapia viz.Aeromonas salmonicida, Vibrio anguillarum biotype II, Vibrio anguillarum biotype I, Aeromonas hydrophila sub. sp. Hydrophila, Aeromonas hydrophila sub . sp. anerogenes and Pseudomonas putida have been studied. When effect of B. thuringiensis (H12) was studied on isolated pathogens, by agar well diffusion method all the pathogens showed zones of inhibition ranging from 21 mm to 39 mm diameter thereby confirming biocontrol activity of B. thuringiensis sub. Sp. H12 on pathogens of the fish Tilapia. In an aquarium experiment, fishes when challenged with pathogens in absence of probiotic cells of B. thuringiensis sub.sp. H12, showed mortality with various disease symptoms like descaling patches, body fin rot; tail fin rot, red ulcerative patches on trunk, on operculum, deterioration of fins. However, fishes after treatment with probiotics B. thuringiensis (H12), when challenged with pathogens did not develop any disease and remained healthy thereby again confirming biocontrol activity of B. thuringiensis sub. sp. (H12) on fish pathogens.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53270
Title: Role of backwater Cyanobacteria in enhancing fertility and yield of rice in saline alkali soil
Author: G. Selvakumar and M. Sundararaman
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Cyanobacteria, Reclamation, P. fragile, O. Curviceps
Abstract: Saline alkali soil was reclaimed through biological methods using backwater cyanobacteria. Two predominant saline tolerance species such as Phormidium fragile and Oscillatoria curviceps were used for the treatment of saline alkali soil. The important parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity and exchangeable sodium percentage were decreased significantly. Moreover , these two species were increased the growth of paddy in terms of chlorophyll, shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight and grains weight. However, the influence of free P. fragile showed maximum reclamation of soil and yeild of paddy than the O. curviceps.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53269
Title: Isolation and enueration of mycosybionts from Leucosolenia; along the east coast of Tamil Nadu, India
Author: Arun Sasi, Manthiri Kani S, Jagadeesh G, C. Ravinder Singh & Ravi Kumar M
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Leucosolenia, Physico-chemical parameters, Species diversity, Seasonal variation
Abstract: Distribution of fungi in sponges (Leucosolenis) Muthu kuda along the East Coast of Tamil Nadu has been studied in terms of species diversity, seasonal variation with collected water samples, sediments and Leucosolenia sponges at four differetn sampling stations namely Muvamkulam (S1), K3 Munabu (S2), Pampairmunai (S3), Kannakadu (S4). Along the three different seasons (Winter, Summer, Pre-monsoon) for a period of (January, March, April, May, July and August 2007). The result shows the highest diversity (36) in Kannakadu (S4) and low in Pampairmunai (S3) in case of water and sediments. But incase of Leucosolenia only 37 fungal species were isolated. Further studies shows that maximum 60 fungal species were isolated and enumerated in pre monsoon, but in case of winter and summer shows only 58 species and 36 species incase of water and sediments. But in case of Leucosolenia maximum fungal species were isolated and enumerated at pre monsoon 37 fungal species. But incase of winter and summer 30 species and 25 species were isolated and enumerated. From this Aspergillus spp shows maximum number 14 species. Alternaria spp and Cladosporium spp were present only one species respectively.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53268
Title: In-vitro regeneration of Siegesbeckia orientalis L., a medicinal plant
Author: R. Geetha and G.V.Gopal
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Siegesbeckia orientalis, Nodal explants, Multiple shoots, Medicinal plants, Conservation
Abstract: Multiple shoots were induced from nodal explants of Siegesbeckia orientalis L. on Murashige and skoog ' s basal medium supplemented with 1 mg/L Benzyl Amino Purine within 4 weeks of culture. These shoots were sub cultured for in vitro rooting with MS medium supplemented with different auxins at various concentrations and the best results were obtained on MS+1mg/L Indole Butyric Acid. In vitro flowering was observed on a medium supplemented with 2 mg/L Benzyl Amino Purine within six weeks of culture. The plantlets were hardened in a 2:1 potting mixture of sand and soil and were established under greenhouse conditions. Hence, in vitro propagation protocol of siegsbeckia orientalis has been standarized.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53267
Title: Levels of n-3, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and serum cholesterol in fish from different aquatic habitats
Author: M. Nagabhushan Reddy and M D Basha Mohideen
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Alphalinolenic acid, Arachidonic acid, Mackerel, Mullet, n-3 PUFA, Rohu
Abstract: Fish and other marine life are rich sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids known as omega-3 or n-3 fatty acids. Fish with higher levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and lower levels of serum cholesterol hs important role in reducing coronary heart diseases. Marine fish, mackerel showed significantly higher levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids-alphalinolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and lower levels of both serum cholesterol and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids - arachidonic acid, linoleic acid when compared to brackish water fish, mullet and freshwater fish catla, rohu and mrigal. The levels of different types of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish from different aquatic habitats were in the order: mrigal<catla<rohu<mullet<mackerel and mackerel<mullet<mrigal<catla<rohu respectively. Thus fish fauna are important sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids providing several nutritional and health benefits for humans if included them in the diet.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53266
Title: Arbuscular mycorrhizal association of some agroforestry tree species in two social forestry nurseries of Mahabubnagar district (A.P), India
Author: Pavan Kumar Pindi
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: AM fungi, Agroforestry tree species
Abstract: AM colonization of different Agroforestry tree species in two social forestry nurseries was investigated. Percentage of AM infection, number of resting spores and AM fungi species varies both with tree species as well as in two different nurseries. This variation attributed to various factors such as mycorrhizal status and other management practices. In both nurseries Glomus species dominated in all tree species followed by Sclerocystic, Gigaspora, Acaulospora, Scutellospora and Entrophospora. Interestingly, Azadirachta indica and Terminalia catappa have shown maximum and minimum infection respectively in both the nurseries.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53265
Title: Apolipoproteins in CAD- our experiance
Author: Sudarshini Rao, Shaheena Banu and B. Harish Rao
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: CAD-Coronary Artery Disease, ApoB-Apoliproprotein B, Apo A-I-Apolipoprotein A-I, DM-2-Diabetes Mellitus Type-2
Abstract: Background-Lipoproteins are closely related to arteriosclerosis leading to coronary artery disease, hence the factors affecting lipoprotein levels are 208) and Group 3-CAD patients with diabetes (n=222). The ratio of Apo B to Apo A-I were 0.73 + 0.9, 1.4 + 1.5 and 1.7 + 0.9, 1.4 + 1.5 and 1.7 + 1.4 in Group 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The concentrations of Apo B were 98 + 22.4, 138.08 + 19.3 and 162.0 + 16.8 mg/dl in Group 1, 2 and 3 respectively and ApoA-I were 133.4 + 23.1, 99.4 + 12.3 and 94.3 + 11.2 and 94.3 + 11.2 mg/dl in group 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Three groups of patients were studied with Group 1- healthy controls (n=190), Group 2-CAD patients without diabetes (n=apolipoprotein is an integral part of lipoproteins and would be useful in assessing the risk of CAD. The data suggests that Apo B is the most reliable parameter in comparison to LDL-Cholesterol and Apo B to Apo A-I ratio being the good predictor of CAD risk. Thus the study on important for better management of CAD. We investigated the role of Apo-B by Apo A-I ratio, Apo A-I and Apo B in CAD patients.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53264
Title: Tissue culture study of Ixora parviflora Vahl - A woody ornamental shrub
Author: P.C.Thakur and Harsh Kumar
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Cllus culture, floral bud culture, internode culture, node culture, rhizogenesis, rubiaceae
Abstract: Ixora parviflora Vahl. is an ornamental shrub cultivated in gardens for white cluster of flowers and evergreen foliage. It is used in whooping cough and anaemia. Its tissue culture study was undertaken to search out micropropagation method. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 0.5-1.0 mg L-1 6-furfuryl amino purine (KIN) plus 1.0-2.0 mg L-1 a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) induced normal growth in cultured shoot apex. Calli were produced from shoot apex, leaf, internode and node explants when cultured on different concentrations of KIN and NAA or 2, 4-D. Medium with KIN (0.5-2.0 mg L-1) and NAA (1.0-2.0 mg L-1) induced normal growth in cultured floral bud. Best proliferation of roots was achieved when internodal explants were cultured on NAA (1.5 mg L-1).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53263
Title: Obesity, lipid profiles and prevalence of dyslipidemia amongst diabetic patients in Warangal
Author: A. Srinivas Reddy, T. Bikshapathi, M. Estari and M. Krishna Reddy
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Dyslipidemia, Obesity, Lipid profiles, Diabetes mellitus, body-mass index
Abstract: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia; obesity was examined in 923 patients with diabetes mellitus attending a diabetic clinic in a private hospital, Warangal. We studied 335 male and 588 female adolescents (13.2 +1 years) during the year 2007 and 2008. Anthropometry, blood pressure, and 12-hour fasting lipids were measured. Body-mass index (BMI) was calculated by dividing weight in kg by squared height in meters. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 24.4 + 3.2 kg/m2 in females and 24.2 + 3.2 kg/m2 in males. Obesity was present in 17% of males (BMI > 27kg/m2 ) and 40% of females (BMI > 25 kg/m2). The most prevalent dyslipidemia was low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (<35 mg/dL) either combined with other abnormalities (17.5% for male and 12.9% for female subjects) or isolated (13.5% and 9.6% for male and female subjects). Obese subjects showed the highest prevalence of low HDL-C (47.2% for male and 34.4% for female subjects) and of high cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) (19.4%, 27.8% and 36.1%, respectively, for male subjects; 9.8%, 13.1%, and 24.6% respectively for female subjects). Among these patients of young onset, obesity was present in 25% of males and 56% of females. Overall, 18% of these patients had a blood pressure greater than 140/90 mmHg. Increased blood lipids over long periods suggest that, as adults, these adolescents will be facing a higher risk for atherosclerosis.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None