ID: 53512
Title: Performance study of a Huasb reactor for treating Tapioca-based starch Industrial waste stream
Author: S. Govindaradjane, T. Sundararajan, M.A.Sivasankaran and V. Nehru Kumar
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: UASB and HUASB reactor; Tapioca - based starch industrial waste stream, performance evaluation, COD removal (%), biogas yield
Abstract: In this paper performance of a HUASB reactor for treating a tapioca- based starch industrial waste stream has been studied and compared with that of a UASB reactor identical conditions of operation. Six influent COD concentrations ranging from about1700-5800 mg/L and five HRTs (8 to 24 hrs) were considered and performance of the reactors evaluated based on pre-set criteria, i.e., on COD removal (%) and bio-gas yield. From an overll assessment, the HUASB reactor has performed better than the UASB reactor for treating the above waste stream.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53511
Title: Startup charcteristics of Huasb and Uasb reactors for treating Tapioca-based starch industrial waste stream: A comparison
Author: S. Govindaradjane, T. Sundararajan, S. Sivamurthy Reddy and V. Arutchelvan
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: UASB and HUASB reactor; tapioca-based starch industrial waste; start-up process
Abstract: In this paper, start-up characteristics of HUASB and UASB reactors for treating tapioca-based starch industrial waste stream has been studied under identical conditions of operation. Various effluent characteristics (pH, alkalinity, VFA, VSS, COD removal-%, bio-gas) were studied until the attainment of steady state. It is found that form an overall assessment the HUASB reator has performed better than the UASB reactor during the start-up process, for treating the tapioca-based starch industrial waste stream.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53510
Title: Dimethoate induced toxicity on oxygen consumption of freshwater fish Arias dussumeri
Author: D.S. Rathod and V.S. Shembekar
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Dimethoate, oxygen consumption, Arias dussumieri
Abstract: Pesticide, dimethoate as a pollutant, was used to see its effect on oxygen consumption of freshwater fish, Arias dussumieri. The fish Arias dussumieri was exposed to lethal (5.99 ppm) and sublethal (0.599 ppm) concentration of dimethoate for 96 hours and 60 days. The rate of oxygen consumption was found to be increased initially upto the 48 hours, then decreased upto end of the experiment. Similarly during chronic treatment, the rate of oxygen consumption remained unaltered at first day of exposure, increased after 7th day and continued till 30 days, then decreased upto the end of the experiment.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53509
Title: Studies on bottom faunal biodiversity of sewage fed and traditional pisciculture ponds of West Bengal, India
Author: Somasree Datta and Anilava Kaviraj
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Benthic fauna, Pond, nutrient, sewage, mollusca, annelida
Abstract: Physico-chemical parameters of water, sediment soil and bottom faunal biodiversity were evaluated in six pisciculture ponds, three of traditional type adn three of sewage fed type. Physico-chemical parameters of both water and sediment soil of these ponds varied between summer and monsoon. Altogether eleven invertebrate biota, including eight mollusca, two annelida and one arthropoda, were obtained from the bottom of the ponds, irrespective of types. There was a tendency of increase of molluscan population and decrease of annelid population in the sewage fed pond as compared to traditional pond.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53508
Title: Protective effect of vitamins on lead induced changes in ovary of Swiss mice
Author: Nazera Qureshi, Ragini Sharma, Sheetal Mogra and Razia Banu
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Lead acetate, Swiss mice, Ovary, Vitamin C, Vitamin E
Abstract: Lead has a long environmental persistence and never losses its toxic potential. Sources of lead may be natural, as it is found in the earth ' s crust and thus enter the food and water supply. Lead affects the reproductive system of Swiss mice. In the present study, toxic effects of lead acetate are observed on the histopathology of ovaries studied after administration of lead acetate to the Swiss mice. Along with this, the therapeutic effect of vitamin C + E on lead acetate induced toxicity has also been investigated. Treated animals show damaging pattern in histology of various component of ovary. Supplementation of vitamin C + E reduces the toxic effect of lead. In the vitamin treated groups along with the lead acetate, the ovaries preserved all components. We conclude that vitamins supplementation found to be more effective in the present study.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53507
Title: Determination of Cr (VI) and Cr (III) associated with total suspended particulates (TSP) in urban air
Author: M.M. Gheisari, S.M. Talebi and M.J.Haron
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Speciation of chromium, Chromium (VI) in air, air pollution, determination of Cr (VI) and Cr (III) in airborne particulate matter
Abstract: Speciation of Cr (VI) and Cr (III) in urban air is of extreme importance because of the carcinogenicity of Cr (VI), huge numbers of people that are exposed in mega cities, and the continuous nature of exposure. A method was developed for the determination of Cr (VI) and Cr (III) in airborne particulate matter. The parameters affecting the separation of Cr (VI) were optimized and the proposed method was applied to the determination of Cr(VI) and Cr (III) in the atmosphere of urban and rural areas. The continuous sampling and analysis of chromium species in urban air showed that the concentrations of Cr (VI) and Cr (III) varied considerably from day to day.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53506
Title: Characterization and treatment of industrials contaminated wastewater by coagulation and fenton ' s oxidation
Author: R.N. Saha, S. Satpati, R. Bardhan, S. Gupta and J.K. Datta
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Industrial wastewater, Tamla Nala, Fenton ' s oxidation, coagulation
Abstract: The physicochemical characterization of the wastewater from four sites of the Tamla Nala in Durgapur industrial belt, West Bengal was performed. The study reveals that the Tamla Nala is severely contaminated by the discharge of industrial wastewater. Before discharge into river Damodar the values of pH, TSS, COD, Phenol, Cyanide, chloride and total Fe exceeds the Indian Standards for wastewater discharge into surface water bodies. Among the several doses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 ppm) of ferrous alum solution shows that 1.5 pm dose is optimum for the removal of TSS (97.16%), total Fe (93.16%) and NH4+-N (69.86%). Fenton ' s oxidation was applied with two doses as COD:H2O2 (w/w) ratio of 1:1 and 2:1. Complete removal of COD, phenol and cyanide was achieved in 2 hours. It was seen that pollution removal was more rapid in the case of 2:1 dose than the 1:1 dose. Therefore these processes can be applied for the quick and efficient treatment removal of these pollutants from the selected wastewaters contaminated with industrial discharges.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53505
Title: Toxic effect of Triazophos on transaminase activity in the selected tissues of freshwater fish Catla catla
Author: C.Radhakrihnan Nair and E. Jasmine
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Triazophos, GOT and GPT activity, C. catla
Abstract: The toxic impact of triazophos on transaminase (GOT and GPT) activity of C. catla in the tissues of muscle, liver and intestine were studied for 21 days. The fishes C.catla were exposed to triazophos chronically to different sub lethal concentrations, 0.0088, 0.0176, and 0.0352 ppm respectively by taking 1/20, 1/10 and 1/5 fractions of respective 96 hrs LC50 values. The transaminase (GOT and GPT) activity in the selected tissues of C. catla established an increasing trend with increasing concentrations of triazophos. The transaminase (GOT and GPT) activity was maximum in the liver tissues and minimum in the intesting tissues.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53504
Title: Chromium removal from Tannery effluent by phytoremediation
Author: Ramesh Chandra Mishra, Santram Dwivedi and Sunil Kumar Misra
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Heavy metal contamination, Phytoremediation, Salvinia molesta.
Abstract: Heavy metal contamination of fresh water resources is becoming a serious problem for the last 2-3 decades. Present study demonstrates on removal of chromium from tannery effluents by phytoremediation. It is a cheap, ecofriendly and economically suitable method for purification of water. The study explores the potential and possibilities of removal of chromium from tannery effluents by using a very common pteridophyte Salvinia molesta in different concentrations. Removal of chromium from various solutions ranged from 36 to 99% during 10 days experiments. Thus Salvinia appears have great potential to remove chromium from tannery effluents.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53503
Title: Haematological changes in the fresh water fish, Channa punctatus due to the effect of Rayon industry effluents
Author: G.Benarjee, B. Narayana Rao, K. Srikanth and G. Ramu
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Rayon Industry, effluents, fish, Haematology
Abstract: The present study deals with the haematological changes such as Total Erythrocytes Count, Total Leucocyte Count, Hb percentage, PCV, MCV, MCH and Differential Leucocyte Count that occured due to the exposure of fish, Channa punctatus to the Rayon Industrial Effluents. Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Monocytes and Small Lymphoctyes are decreased in the treated fish than the control fish. While MCHC, Basophils, Large Lymphocytes are increased in the treated fish. The Rayon effluents cause lymphocytosis and Macrocytic Anaemia in the fish, Channa punctatus.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53502
Title: Impact of hospital waste on marine mangrove fungi of Kerala coastal waters
Author: Gayatri, R. Nambiar and K. Raveendran
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Hospital waste, Mangrove forest, Detritus , marine fungi
Abstract: Mangroves constitute unique ecological niche for several communities of flora, fauna and microorganisms. Mangrove ecosystem is being destroyed by a number of anthropogenic activities. The influence of one such activity, i.e. hospital waste disposal on mangroves is being highlighted in this paper.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53501
Title: Scientific awareness on plastic pollution
Author: A.V. Rathore, G.D.Acharya and M.V. Hathi
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Plastic, polymer, bisphenoal A, Phthalate, plastic bags, pollution
Abstract: Science popularization awarenss on environment issues and to create scientific temper among others is the major work for those who love and understand science. This work is being accomplished through awareness programme targeted primarily at the layman and younger generation of India. Whatever be the level of our environment consciousness, awarness and theoritical knowledge, the gaps between knowledge and understanding, understanding and application, application and success are still widening. One of the such issue is plastic pollution. We have taken this issue as a projec "Plastic slow poison-Remove it from daily life." Eg. All of us carry at least some amount of bisphenol-A and pthlets in our bodies a consequences of being exposed to a variety of plastics throughout our life time. How much it creates a health risk is still being debated amongst scientists and environmentalist alike. Otherwise known as BPA (a component of polycarbonate - a tough platic) this component can leach from many common products we use everyday i.e. large water collers, soft drink bottles, baby milk bottles, colored soft toys etc. So it is widely used in a variety of products including food and drink containers.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53500
Title: Alkaline protease production by natural isolate-The Bacillus sp
Author: R. Sharma and R. Singh
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Alkaline Protease, Bacillus sp
Abstract: Unexplored Purvanchal region of the Uttar Pradesh State was selected as a sampling site just to evaluate the potentialities of the natural isolate of the Bacillus sp. A natural isolates of Bacillus sp. isolated and identified up to genus level which was found to be a potential producer of alkaline protease enzyme. Three types of media namely synthetic complex and modified were used and finally complex medium was selected through out the entire investigation as it was giving promising result during preliminary examination of the enzyme production by shake flask fermentation method. The carbon, nitrogen and their concentrations play vital role in enyzme production along with cultural conditions like pH, temperature, rpm, volume to container ratio and concentration of active inoculum. With all the optimized parameters the maximum yield was observed about 1450 units/mL with 24 hrs. of fermentation.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53499
Title: Fluoride contamination in groundwater sources of Modasa tehsil of Sabarkantha district, Gujarat, India
Author: G.D.Acharya and M.V.Mathi
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Ground water, fluoride, Modasa, fluorosis
Abstract: The Gujarat region of India has been recognized only recently as a fluoride-affected area. Surveys indicate that one-seventh of the 250,000 people in the Modasa Tehsil of Gujarat have either dental or skeletal fluorosis. The high concentration of fluoride in the water resources in some localities such as the khambhaisar, kolikhad and galsundra areas of the tehsil are of great concern. A study has been undertaken for the determination of fluoride in drinking water Mosada Tehsil and its nearby villages. Fluoride was measured with the help of ion selective electrode method. Most of these villages have higher concentraion of fluoride than suggested by WHO and BIS. Samples taken from this region have been analyzed and it was found that 30 villages are prone to the excess fluoride concentration in drinking water.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53498
Title: Effect of municipal solid waste on the characteristics of soil
Author: S.P.Jeyapriya and M.K.Saseetharan
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 29(1), 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Municipal solid waste, landfill, leachate, organic matter, soil characteristics
Abstract: Dumping of solid wastes on land is a common waste disposal method and practical almost by all the cities around the globe. Precipitation that infiltrates through the municipal solid waste leach the constituents from the decomposed waste mass and while moving down causes the subsurface soil to be contaminated by organic and inorganic solutes. In the present study an attempt has been made to evaluate the impact of municipal solid waste on the properties of soil at a landfill site at Vellalore, Coimbatore city. Soil profile pits were excavated before and after refuse emplacement. Results were compared for the physical, physico-chemical and chemical properties of soil after placing the solid wastes with that before placing the solid wastes. The study indicates that dumping of solid wastes has altered the color and texture of the receiving soil with increase in physico-chemical and chemical constituents. It was found that increase in organic matter content and interactions of the metals with the organic content (adsorption and complex formation) are the reasons for high values of the tested constituents in soil after the refuse is dumped in soil .
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None