ID: 53271
Title: Antagonistic effect of Bacillus thuringiensis sub-species (H12) on pathogens of Tilapia species
Author: U.S.Bagde, B.V.Bilolikar and R.S.Pandit
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Bacillus thuringiensis, Tilapia, Antagonistic, Probiotic
Abstract: The aquaculture in Asia has evolved dramatically during the last decade, leading to major structural changes and capital intensive production system. Asian countries have increased their aquaculture production significantly, but it has not been without environmental and socioeconomic impacts; among the most important are increasingly fish health issues. However, fish disease is the major risk factor in commercial aquaculture with millions of dollars lost annually, and the fish disease has emerged as a major constraint to sustainable development of aquaculture. Hence in the present investigation the antagonistic effect of Bacillus thuringiensis subs. sp. H12 on pathogens from Tilapia viz.Aeromonas salmonicida, Vibrio anguillarum biotype II, Vibrio anguillarum biotype I, Aeromonas hydrophila sub. sp. Hydrophila, Aeromonas hydrophila sub . sp. anerogenes and Pseudomonas putida have been studied. When effect of B. thuringiensis (H12) was studied on isolated pathogens, by agar well diffusion method all the pathogens showed zones of inhibition ranging from 21 mm to 39 mm diameter thereby confirming biocontrol activity of B. thuringiensis sub. Sp. H12 on pathogens of the fish Tilapia. In an aquarium experiment, fishes when challenged with pathogens in absence of probiotic cells of B. thuringiensis sub.sp. H12, showed mortality with various disease symptoms like descaling patches, body fin rot; tail fin rot, red ulcerative patches on trunk, on operculum, deterioration of fins. However, fishes after treatment with probiotics B. thuringiensis (H12), when challenged with pathogens did not develop any disease and remained healthy thereby again confirming biocontrol activity of B. thuringiensis sub. sp. (H12) on fish pathogens.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53270
Title: Role of backwater Cyanobacteria in enhancing fertility and yield of rice in saline alkali soil
Author: G. Selvakumar and M. Sundararaman
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Cyanobacteria, Reclamation, P. fragile, O. Curviceps
Abstract: Saline alkali soil was reclaimed through biological methods using backwater cyanobacteria. Two predominant saline tolerance species such as Phormidium fragile and Oscillatoria curviceps were used for the treatment of saline alkali soil. The important parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity and exchangeable sodium percentage were decreased significantly. Moreover , these two species were increased the growth of paddy in terms of chlorophyll, shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight and grains weight. However, the influence of free P. fragile showed maximum reclamation of soil and yeild of paddy than the O. curviceps.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53269
Title: Isolation and enueration of mycosybionts from Leucosolenia; along the east coast of Tamil Nadu, India
Author: Arun Sasi, Manthiri Kani S, Jagadeesh G, C. Ravinder Singh & Ravi Kumar M
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Leucosolenia, Physico-chemical parameters, Species diversity, Seasonal variation
Abstract: Distribution of fungi in sponges (Leucosolenis) Muthu kuda along the East Coast of Tamil Nadu has been studied in terms of species diversity, seasonal variation with collected water samples, sediments and Leucosolenia sponges at four differetn sampling stations namely Muvamkulam (S1), K3 Munabu (S2), Pampairmunai (S3), Kannakadu (S4). Along the three different seasons (Winter, Summer, Pre-monsoon) for a period of (January, March, April, May, July and August 2007). The result shows the highest diversity (36) in Kannakadu (S4) and low in Pampairmunai (S3) in case of water and sediments. But incase of Leucosolenia only 37 fungal species were isolated. Further studies shows that maximum 60 fungal species were isolated and enumerated in pre monsoon, but in case of winter and summer shows only 58 species and 36 species incase of water and sediments. But in case of Leucosolenia maximum fungal species were isolated and enumerated at pre monsoon 37 fungal species. But incase of winter and summer 30 species and 25 species were isolated and enumerated. From this Aspergillus spp shows maximum number 14 species. Alternaria spp and Cladosporium spp were present only one species respectively.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53268
Title: In-vitro regeneration of Siegesbeckia orientalis L., a medicinal plant
Author: R. Geetha and G.V.Gopal
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Siegesbeckia orientalis, Nodal explants, Multiple shoots, Medicinal plants, Conservation
Abstract: Multiple shoots were induced from nodal explants of Siegesbeckia orientalis L. on Murashige and skoog ' s basal medium supplemented with 1 mg/L Benzyl Amino Purine within 4 weeks of culture. These shoots were sub cultured for in vitro rooting with MS medium supplemented with different auxins at various concentrations and the best results were obtained on MS+1mg/L Indole Butyric Acid. In vitro flowering was observed on a medium supplemented with 2 mg/L Benzyl Amino Purine within six weeks of culture. The plantlets were hardened in a 2:1 potting mixture of sand and soil and were established under greenhouse conditions. Hence, in vitro propagation protocol of siegsbeckia orientalis has been standarized.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53267
Title: Levels of n-3, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and serum cholesterol in fish from different aquatic habitats
Author: M. Nagabhushan Reddy and M D Basha Mohideen
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Alphalinolenic acid, Arachidonic acid, Mackerel, Mullet, n-3 PUFA, Rohu
Abstract: Fish and other marine life are rich sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids known as omega-3 or n-3 fatty acids. Fish with higher levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and lower levels of serum cholesterol hs important role in reducing coronary heart diseases. Marine fish, mackerel showed significantly higher levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids-alphalinolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and lower levels of both serum cholesterol and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids - arachidonic acid, linoleic acid when compared to brackish water fish, mullet and freshwater fish catla, rohu and mrigal. The levels of different types of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish from different aquatic habitats were in the order: mrigal<catla<rohu<mullet<mackerel and mackerel<mullet<mrigal<catla<rohu respectively. Thus fish fauna are important sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids providing several nutritional and health benefits for humans if included them in the diet.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53266
Title: Arbuscular mycorrhizal association of some agroforestry tree species in two social forestry nurseries of Mahabubnagar district (A.P), India
Author: Pavan Kumar Pindi
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: AM fungi, Agroforestry tree species
Abstract: AM colonization of different Agroforestry tree species in two social forestry nurseries was investigated. Percentage of AM infection, number of resting spores and AM fungi species varies both with tree species as well as in two different nurseries. This variation attributed to various factors such as mycorrhizal status and other management practices. In both nurseries Glomus species dominated in all tree species followed by Sclerocystic, Gigaspora, Acaulospora, Scutellospora and Entrophospora. Interestingly, Azadirachta indica and Terminalia catappa have shown maximum and minimum infection respectively in both the nurseries.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53265
Title: Apolipoproteins in CAD- our experiance
Author: Sudarshini Rao, Shaheena Banu and B. Harish Rao
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: CAD-Coronary Artery Disease, ApoB-Apoliproprotein B, Apo A-I-Apolipoprotein A-I, DM-2-Diabetes Mellitus Type-2
Abstract: Background-Lipoproteins are closely related to arteriosclerosis leading to coronary artery disease, hence the factors affecting lipoprotein levels are 208) and Group 3-CAD patients with diabetes (n=222). The ratio of Apo B to Apo A-I were 0.73 + 0.9, 1.4 + 1.5 and 1.7 + 0.9, 1.4 + 1.5 and 1.7 + 1.4 in Group 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The concentrations of Apo B were 98 + 22.4, 138.08 + 19.3 and 162.0 + 16.8 mg/dl in Group 1, 2 and 3 respectively and ApoA-I were 133.4 + 23.1, 99.4 + 12.3 and 94.3 + 11.2 and 94.3 + 11.2 mg/dl in group 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Three groups of patients were studied with Group 1- healthy controls (n=190), Group 2-CAD patients without diabetes (n=apolipoprotein is an integral part of lipoproteins and would be useful in assessing the risk of CAD. The data suggests that Apo B is the most reliable parameter in comparison to LDL-Cholesterol and Apo B to Apo A-I ratio being the good predictor of CAD risk. Thus the study on important for better management of CAD. We investigated the role of Apo-B by Apo A-I ratio, Apo A-I and Apo B in CAD patients.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53264
Title: Tissue culture study of Ixora parviflora Vahl - A woody ornamental shrub
Author: P.C.Thakur and Harsh Kumar
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Cllus culture, floral bud culture, internode culture, node culture, rhizogenesis, rubiaceae
Abstract: Ixora parviflora Vahl. is an ornamental shrub cultivated in gardens for white cluster of flowers and evergreen foliage. It is used in whooping cough and anaemia. Its tissue culture study was undertaken to search out micropropagation method. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 0.5-1.0 mg L-1 6-furfuryl amino purine (KIN) plus 1.0-2.0 mg L-1 a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) induced normal growth in cultured shoot apex. Calli were produced from shoot apex, leaf, internode and node explants when cultured on different concentrations of KIN and NAA or 2, 4-D. Medium with KIN (0.5-2.0 mg L-1) and NAA (1.0-2.0 mg L-1) induced normal growth in cultured floral bud. Best proliferation of roots was achieved when internodal explants were cultured on NAA (1.5 mg L-1).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53263
Title: Obesity, lipid profiles and prevalence of dyslipidemia amongst diabetic patients in Warangal
Author: A. Srinivas Reddy, T. Bikshapathi, M. Estari and M. Krishna Reddy
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Dyslipidemia, Obesity, Lipid profiles, Diabetes mellitus, body-mass index
Abstract: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia; obesity was examined in 923 patients with diabetes mellitus attending a diabetic clinic in a private hospital, Warangal. We studied 335 male and 588 female adolescents (13.2 +1 years) during the year 2007 and 2008. Anthropometry, blood pressure, and 12-hour fasting lipids were measured. Body-mass index (BMI) was calculated by dividing weight in kg by squared height in meters. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 24.4 + 3.2 kg/m2 in females and 24.2 + 3.2 kg/m2 in males. Obesity was present in 17% of males (BMI > 27kg/m2 ) and 40% of females (BMI > 25 kg/m2). The most prevalent dyslipidemia was low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (<35 mg/dL) either combined with other abnormalities (17.5% for male and 12.9% for female subjects) or isolated (13.5% and 9.6% for male and female subjects). Obese subjects showed the highest prevalence of low HDL-C (47.2% for male and 34.4% for female subjects) and of high cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) (19.4%, 27.8% and 36.1%, respectively, for male subjects; 9.8%, 13.1%, and 24.6% respectively for female subjects). Among these patients of young onset, obesity was present in 25% of males and 56% of females. Overall, 18% of these patients had a blood pressure greater than 140/90 mmHg. Increased blood lipids over long periods suggest that, as adults, these adolescents will be facing a higher risk for atherosclerosis.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53262
Title: Long-term ecological changes and their impact on the plankton biodiversity in the eutrophic lake Hussain sagar, India
Author: S.S.Vutukuru, D. Samuel Suman Raj, N. Sreedhar Chary and Y. Anjaneyulu
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Plankton biodiversity, physico-chemical characteristics, heavy metals
Abstract: Long-term ecological studies including physico-chemical characteristics, heavy metals and their impact on the plankton biodiversity are critically examined in the Lake Hussainsagar (78024 ' and 780 29 ' latitudes and 170 24 ' and 170 26 ' longitudes), Hyderabad, India that has been subjected to varying degrees of pollution and consequent eutrophication. The results revealed a marked decline in the species diversity and only pollution resistant species increased in number replacing the sensitive and freshwater indicating forms observed in the earlier studies. Persistence of heavy metals in high concentration is causing highly toxic conditions to various sensitive plankton species. Though the water quality of the lake improved reasonably over the last decade, nutrients like phosphates and nitrates still pose a problem.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53261
Title: Copper concentrations in different tissues during ovarian development of Indian white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus (H.Milne Edwards, 1837)
Author: M.D.Bindhuja, M. Meenakshi, K. Revathi, C. Gopal, M.Muralidhar and A.V.Abraham
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Fenneropenaeus indicus, Copper, Ovarian maturation, Stage
Abstract: Copper concentrations in different tissues such as exoskeleton, muscle, gonad, hepatopancreas and gills of Indian white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus females were examined at different stages of gonadal maturation. Adult shrimp (average weight 36 + 2 g) from wild F.indicus were collected and identified according to their stages by visual examination. The shrimps were immediately sacrificed and dissected in cold (40C) and individual organs were stored in the freezer for further analysis. Copper concentration was examined in all the organs by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) and the result showed an increase in copper concentration during ovarian maturation. Amongst the organs examined, gills had highest copper concentration followed by hepatopancreas and ovary and least in exoskeleton and muscle. Copper concentration increased significantly (p<0.01) in all the organs during gonadal maturation and was highest at IV stage of the ovary.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53260
Title: Genetic polymorphism of the Glutathione S-Transferase M1, T1 and development of breast cancer
Author: S. Sudha, K. Sasikala, B. Krishnaveni and R. Sangeetha
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Breast cancer, Glutathion S-Transferase M1 and T1, Polymorphism
Abstract: Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) genes are involved in the metabolism of various carcinogens. Previous studies indicated that absence of GSTM1 and T1 enzyme correlates with an increased risk in developing certain type of cancers. In the present study, the associations between genetic polymorphism in the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes were investigates, in relation to breast cancer risk in 78 breast cancer patients and 100 controls. The frequency of the GSTM1 genotype in control and breast cancer groups were 52%, 71.79% whereas 48% controls, 28.21% breast cancer cases had the GSM1 null genotype. The genotypic distribution of GSTT1 was 59% in controls and 67.95% in breast cancer cases and GSTT1 null genotype was 32.05% in controls and 41% in breast cancer cases. Statisitcal analysis indicates that there is no association of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphism and hence the gene does not appear to play a significant role in the development of breast cancer.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53259
Title: None
Author: Sonil Nanda, G. Sudeep Kumar, Sohini Mukherjee, R. Sreejith, Srinwanti Bhattacharya, Swarna Shankar, R. Vidhya and S.S.N. Somasundaram
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Polyethylene, plastics, pseudomonas, king ' s medium B broth, shake-flask incubation, biodegradation
Abstract: Interest in the microbial biodegradation of polyethylene as intensified in recent years as humanity strives to find sustainable ways to cleanup contaminated environments. Hence, this paper, investigates the ability of Pseudomonas in degrading Polyethylene. The weight of the polyethylene before incubation was compared with the weight after incubation. The final weights of the polyethylene recovered after incubation, were compared to that of their initial weights before incubation and the percent of degradation was evaluated. On an average, the percentage of degradation was 31 in 3 weeks of incubation at 370C. With the decrease in weight after incubation, it was concluded that the active enzymes produced by Pseudomonas caused changes in the physical weight of polyethylene. The significance of the results is discussed.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53258
Title: Effect of helminth parasites on biochemical profile of fresh water fish, Channa striatus
Author: Nidhi Upadhyay, Anjana Bansal and R.K.Goyal
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Fresh water, fish, Channa striatus
Abstract: Fish constitutes a cheap source of food and provide good staple food to tide over the nutritional need of human being. Various anthropogenic factors made the fishes more prone for diseases and susceptible for various parasites. So, examine the effect of these parasites on fishes is mandatory to do the effective aquaculture. In the present study attempt has been made to asses the effect of Helminth parasites (Nematode, Cestode, Trematode) on serum protein, serum albumin, serum globulin. The biochemical observation revealed a significant decrease in total serum protein and globulin in serum of blood and a significant increase in albumin in serum of blood of fresh water fish Channa striatus.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53257
Title: Purification and characterization of alkaline protease from Aspergillus niger on solid state culture
Author: P. Madhanraj, J. Juwanitha Joel, G. Senthilkumar, M. Prabakaran, M. Ananthi and A. Panneerselvam
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 11, No 4, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Aspergillus niger, solid state culture, Alkaline protease
Abstract: Alkaline protease find the single largest applications among the industrial proteases as an active ingredient of laundry detergents, in tannery, food and chemical industry, medical foundations, recovery of silver from x-ray films, etc. The aim of this work was to isolate a high yielding, strain of protease and to standardize various parameters for the optimal production. In the present study Aspergillus niger was selected for the alkaline protease production in solid state fermentation. The enzyme production was maximum on wheat bran at 72 hrs with 65% moisture content. The wheat bran served as test substrate. The Solid State Fermentation Technology was found to be economically valuable to extend their application for industrial purposes specifically leather industry.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None