ID: 53602
Title: Prevalence of malformed frogs in Kaoping and Tungkang river basins of Southern Taiwan
Author: Da-Ji Huang, Yuh-Wen Chiu, Chien-Min Chen, Kai-Hsiang Huang and Shu-Yin Wang
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Anurans, Malformed frog, Southern Taiwan, Indian rice frog (Rana limnocharis)
Abstract: In this study, we found many amphibians with bizarre appearance, known as malformations in Pingtung Country, southern Taiwan. For this investigation we collected frogs inhabiting the Kaoping and Tungkang river watersheds between February 2006 and June 2007. Among the total number of 10,909 normal frogs (i.e. anurans) collected during the investigation period, the Indian rice frogs (Rana limnocharis) account for the greatest number; next is the Chinese bullfrog (Rana rugulosa). Of all the 244 captured malformed frogs, the Indian rice frog account for the greatest proportion. These malformed frogs have their main distribution in upstream areas of these two rivers. Our result indicates that the appearance rate of malformed frogs is 1.8% in the upstream reaches of the Kaoping River and 2.6%, and 0.8%, respectively in the upstream and midstream reaches of the Tungkang river. The most-commonly- found malformation is the lack of palms, followed by the lack of appendages, exostosis, and a malformed appendicular. It is, therefore, resonable to spectulate that the causes for the malformation may be related to the increased organic pollutants and agricultural chemicals used in the upstream reaches of these two rivers.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53601
Title: Tolerance and accumulation of lead in Vetiveria zizanioides and its effect on oil production
Author: P. Rotkittikhun, M. Kruatrachue, P. Pokethitiyook and A.J.M.Baker
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Lead, Tolerance, Accumulation, Vetiveria zizanioides, Vetiver oil
Abstract: Experiments were conducted to evaluate lead tolerance and accumulation in vetiver grass Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) grown in hydroponics and a pot study and to examine the effect of lead on vetiver oil production. Elevated concentrations of lead decreased the length of shoots and roots of plants. However, vetiver grown in highly contaminated soils showed no apparent phytotoxicity symptoms. Lead concentrations in the shoots and roots of vetiver plants grown in hydroponics were up to 144 and 19530 mg kg-1 and those grown in soil were 38 and 629 mg kg-1, respectively. Lead had an effect on vetiver oil production and composition by stimulating oil yield and the number of its constituents. Oil yield ranged from 0.4-1.3%; the highest yields were found in plants grown in nutrient solution with 100mg Pb l-1 for 5 weeks (1.29%) and 7 weeks (1.22%). The number of total constituents of vetiver oil also varied between 47-143 compounds when lead was present in the growth medium. The highest number (143) was found in plants grown in soil spiked with 1000 mg Pb kg-1. The predominant compound was khusimol (10.7-18.1%) followed by (E)-isovalencenol (10.3-15.6%). Our results indicated that lead could increase the oil production of vetiver.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53600
Title: Influence of acorn size and storage duration on moisture content, germination and survival of Quercus petraea (Mattuschka)
Author: Fahrettin Tilki
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Acorn weight, Germination performance, Seedling emergence, Seedling survival
Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate how acorn size (small, medium and large) and acorn storage duration (0, 5 and 17 months) influenced Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) moisture content and germination. Acorn size and storage duration did not significantly affect acorn moisture content, but they significantly affected acorn germination performance. When averaged for three acorn sizes, loss of germination performance occurred after 17 months of storage even when the moisture content did not reduce significantly and remain at the initial level (32. 6%). Maximum germination percentage was observed in large and medium size classes before storage (93 and 95%, respectively) and after 5-month storage (94 and 93%, respecitvely), but after 17-month storage medium acorn size class exhibited the highest germination (68%). Small size class exhibited the lowest germination percentage and rate in each acorn storage duration. Acorn size also significantly affected seedling emergence and survival in the nursery, and seedling emergence and survival was the lowest in small seed size class (85 and 80%, respectively). Although seedling survival of one-year seedlings in the nursery increased up to large seed size class, maximum survival in nursery conditions was observed in large and medium size classes (89 and 91%, respectively). Thus, acorn size grading in Q. petraea may result in higher germination performance within in a seedbed.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53599
Title: Protective role of Ginkgo biloba on petroleum wastewater-induced toxicity in Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae) root tip cells
Author: Kultigin Cavusoglu, Kursad Yapar, Kadir Kinalioglu, Zafer Turkmen, Kursat Cavusoglu and Emine Yalcin
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Cytotoxicity, Ginkgo biloba, Heavy metal contamination, Lipid peroxidation, Melet river, Vicia faba
Abstract: The Melet is one of Turkey ' s economically important rivers. Most of the petroleum plants are located at fairly nearby of the river. This situation is considered as main source of heavy metal pollution in the river. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective role of Ginkgo biloba (GB) on cytotoxicity induced by petroleum wastewater in Vicia faba root tip cells. For this aim, we used the germination percentage, root length, weight gain and micronucleus (MN) frequency as indicators of cytotoxicity. Additionally to the cytological analysis, lipid peroxidation analyses were also performed in V. faba roots. Heavy metal concentrations in wastewater were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The V. faba seeds were divided into six groups. They were treated with petroleum wastewater and 10, 20 and 30 ? M doses of GB. As a result, the mean concentrations of heavy metals in wastewater were observed in the order. Pb>Al>Ni>Cr>Fe>Cu>Zn>Cd. The highest germination percentage was observed in the seeds of the control and positive control groups ( in proportion as 98 and 96%, respectively). Wastewater treatment caused a significant decrease in the germination percentage of Group III ( in proportion as 44%). The highest root length and weight gain were observed in the seeds of the control and positive control groups at the end of the experimental period. The least root length and weight gain were observed in the seeds of Group III treated with wastewater alone. In the control group, the final weights of all the seeds increased about 4.08 g according to initial weight. The root lengths of the control seeds were measured as 6.80 cm at the end of the experimental period. The final weights of the seeds exposed to wastewater alone increased about 0.90 g according to initial weight. Besides, there was a significantly increase in the MDA levels of the roots exposed to wastewater. Heavy metals in wastewater significantly affected the MDA production indicating lipid peroxidation. But, GB-treatment caused amelioration in indices of the germination percentage, root length, weight gain, MN frequency and lipid peroxidation when compared with group III. Each dose of GB provided protection against wastewater toxicity, and its strongest protective effect observed at dose of 30?M. In vivo results showed that GB is a potential protector against toxicity induced by petroleum wastewater, and its protective role in dose-dependent.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53598
Title: Comparative studies on toluene removal and pressure drop in biofilters using different packing materials
Author: Hee Wook Ryu, So Jung Kim and Kyung Suk Cho
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Toluene, Biofilter, Packing material, Pressure drop, Clogging, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Abstract: To select the best available packing material for malodorous organic gases such as toluene and benzene, biofilter performance was compared in biofilters employed different packing materials including porous ceramic (celite), Jeju scoria (lava), a mixture of granular activated carbon (GAC) and celite (GAC/celite), and cubic polyurethane foam (PU). A toluene-degrading bacterium, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia T3-c , was used as the inoculum. The maximum elimination capacities in the celite, lava, and GAC/celite biofilters were 100, 130, and 110 g m-3hr-1, respectively. The elimination capacity for the PU biofilter was approximately 350 g m-3hr-1at an inlet loading of approximately 430 g m-3hr-1, which was 2 to 3.5 times higher than for the other biofilters. The pressure drop gradually increased in the GAC/celite, celite and lava biofilters after 23 day due to bacterial over-growth, and the toluene removal efficiency remarkably decreased with increasing pressure drop. Backwashing method was not effective for the control of biomass in these biofilters. In the PU biofilter, however, backwashing allowed maintenance of a pressure drop of 1 to 3 mm H2O m-1 and a removal efficiency of >80%, indicating that the PU was the best packing material for toluene removal among the packing materials tested.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53597
Title: Perennial-like adaptation mechanisms of annual legumes to limited irrigation
Author: P.Kostopoulou, M.S.Vrahnakis, T. Merou and M. Lazaridou
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Drought escape, Drought tolerance, Water savers, Water spenders, Mediterranean
Abstract: The hydrodynamic behavior of two annual legumes (Trifolium angustifolium L. and Onobrychis caput-galli (L.)Lam.) under water shortage was studied in a rain shelter experiment. Seeds were collected from natural grasslands of northern Greece and were sown in pots. Two months after seedlings emergence, full irrigation (up to field capacity) and limited irrigation (40% of field capacity) were applied. During the vegetative period of leaf water potential and the relative water content were measured at seven day intervals in both treatments. T. angustifolium retained the lowest values of ? both under full (-0.11 to -1.78 MPa) and limited irrigation (-0.16 to -2.90 MPa), while the highest values in both cases were those of O. caput - galli (-0.05 to -0.5 MPa). The results suggested that T. angustifolium was the species mostly affected by limited water supply. T. angustifolium seemed to display adaptation mechanisms to drought similar to those of perennial plants. O. caput -galli displayed a more isohydric behavior, by not altering its water potential under limited irrigation.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53596
Title: Effect of photoperiod and temperature on testicular regression in Channa punctatus
Author: Ram Singh, S.K. Chaturvedi and Abhinav
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Photoperiod, Temperature, Testicular regression, Channa punctatus
Abstract: In Channa punctatus testicular regression commonly observed during spawning and postspawing phases of reproductive cycle. In the present study, testicular regression was frequently noticed in fish maintained under both the long photoperiod-warm temperature (LD 16:8-300C) and short photoperiod-warm temperature (LD 8: 16-300C) regimes. Testicular regression was characterized by distortion of cellular boundary of lobules and formation of collagenous capsules containing degenerating germ cells, blood cells and colloidal mass within the lobules. The magnitude of testicular regression was more in fish exposed to short photoperiod regime (R-73.33%, SP-41.67%) than long photoperiod regime (R-50.83%, SP-19.16%) and control group (R-20.83%, SP-16.67%) in both resting (R) and spawning (SP) phases. Further, the frequency of testicular regression during resting phase was 73.33% (short photoperiod), 50.83% (long photoperiod) and 20.83% (control) whereas during spawning phase was 41.67% (short photoperiod) 19.16% (long photoperiod) and 16.67% (control). In the present study, occurrence of more testicular regression during resting phase than spawning phase may be due to change in the endogenous condition of the fish.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53595
Title: Variations in physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of water during breeding of Cyprinus carpio in a closed hatchery system
Author: Devendra Mohan and Devendra Choudhary
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Cyprinus carpio, Induced breeding, Closed hatchery system, physico-chemical factors, Microbial factors
Abstract: Physico-chemical and microbial characteristics of culture water were examined during the induced breeding of Cyprinus carpio in a controlled environmental system. Wate temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, phosphate, pH, ammonia nitrogen, total bacterial count, hardness, salinity, carbonate and bicarbonate were estimated before and after spawning and hatching. Average alteration in water pH before and after spawning was 7.91-7.57 and 7.86-7.58 respectively. Total hardness, carbonate and bicarbonate showed insignificant variations. Nitrate, ammonia nitrogen and phosphate contents significantly increased after spawning and hatching p<0.05. The average increase in nitrate was from 2.94 to 8.62?gl-1 after spawning and 3.10 to 8.49 ?gl-1 after hatching. Ammonia nitrogen contents were sharply increased from an average of 0.011 to 1.87 ?gl-1after spawning and 0.013 to 0.56 ?gl-1after hatching. The average phosphates increased from 2.59 to 4.15 ?gl-1after spawning and 2.61 to 4.03 ?gl-1after hatching. Dissolved oxygen was sharply depleted even after a continuous aeration. Temperature played a vital role during breeding. No successful breeding was observed at a temperature of 170C or below and 310C or above. There is a significant association between temperature, spawning and hatching (p<0.05). By optimizing temperature, the breeding success of this carp was achieved with a statistical significance of p<0.05. Total bacterial count was significantly increased after spawning and hatching. It was related to the amount of discharge and may cause mass mortality of fish embryo and spawn in a closed hatchery system.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53594
Title: Seed maturity indices in Aisandra butyracea - A multipurpose tree species of lower Himalaya
Author: R.P.Singh, Ashish Tewari, Shruti Shah and Bhawna Tewari
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Germination, Seed maturity, Seed moisture content, Aisandra butyracae
Abstract: Fruits of Aisandra butyracea (Roxb.) Lamb. were collected from two sites located at different altitudes in Kumaun Himalaya for analyzing the seed maturity in relation to various fruit and seed characters. The mean seed size (length x width) across the collection dates varied between 186.44 + 0.05 and 238.17 + 0.5 mm2 across both the elevations. The fruit colour changed from dark green in the beginning to pale yellow on the maturity. The range of seed moisture content (62.83 +1.33 to 63.46 + 0.89%) coincided with maximum germination. The colour change and seed moisture content appear to be the major indicators of seed maturation in A. buryracea.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53593
Title: Biodegradation of phenol by native microorganisms isolated from coke processing wastewater
Author: S. Chakraborty, T. Bhattacharya, T.N. Patel and K.K. Tiwari
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Bacterial strains, phenol degradation , pH, Temperature, Glucose
Abstract: The present investigation was undertaken to assess the biodegradation of phenol by native bacteria strains isolated from coke oven processing wastewater. The strains were
designated ESDSPB1, ESDSPB2 and ESDSPB3 and examined for colony morphology Gram strain characters and biochemical tests. Phenol degrading performance of all the strains was evaluated initially. One of the strains namely ESDSPB2 was found to be highly effective for the removal of phenol, which was used as sole carbon and energy source. From an initial concentration of 200 mg l-1it degraded to 79.84 +1.23 mg l-1. In turn the effect of temperature (20 to 450C), pH (5-10) and glucose concentration (0, 0.25 and 0.5%) on the rate of phenol degradation by that particular strain was investigated. Observations revealed that the rate of phenol biodegradation was significantly affected by pH, temperature of incubation and glucose concentration. The optimal conditions for phenol removal were found to be pH of 7 (84.63% removal), temperature, 300C (76.69% removal) and 0.25% supplemented glucose level (97.88% removal). The main significance of the study is the utilization of native bacterial strains from the waste water itself having potential of bioremediation.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53592
Title: Efficacy of Vermicompost against fertilizers on Cicer and Pisum and on population diversity of N2 fixing bacteria
Author: Jayanta Sinha, Chanchal Kumar Biswas, Arup Ghosh and Amit Saha
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Vermicompost, Pisum sp, Cicer sp, Morphological parameters, Bacterial diversity
Abstract: Vermicompost is a very important biofertilizer produced through the artificial cultivation of worms i.e. Vermicuture. Vermicompost is enriched with all beneficial soil bacteria and also contain many of the essential plant nutrients like N, P, K and micronutrients. It increases soil aeration, texture and jilt. In this work, study is being carried out to find out the effect of different fertilizers such as DAP, FYM and Vermicompost on various morphological parameters and on the in vitro growth of bacterial colonies and its diversity in relation to two important leguminous plants such as Pisum sp. and Cicer sp. Results showed that plant grown in Vermicompost pretreated soil exhibited maximum increase in all morphological parameters such as root length, shoot length, number of root branches, number of stem branches, number of leaves, number of flowers, number of pods and number of root nodules in four months sampling in comparison to untreated, FYM treated and DAP treated soils. Further in Vermicompost pretreated soil, number of N2 fixing bacterial colony was maximum and showed highest diversity indices (1.6 and 0.99 and 2.0 and 0.99 for Cicer sp. and Pisum sp. respectively) than FYM, DAP and untreated control. Thus not only does the Vermicompost stimulate plant growth but also it increases the N2 fixing bacterial population in soil and also its diversity.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53591
Title: Effect of organic materials and rice cultivars on methane emission from rice field
Author: Maninder Kaur Khosa, B.S.Sindhu and D.K.Benbi
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Methane flux, Organic materials, Rice cultivar, Greenhouse gases, Global warming
Abstract: A field experiment was conducted for two years on a sandy loam (Typic Ustochrept) soil of Punjab to study the effect of organic materials and rice cultivars on methane emission from rice fields. The methane flux varied between 0.04 and 0.93 mg m2hr1 in bare soil and transplanting of rice crop doubled the methane flux (0.07 to 2.06 mg m2hr1 ). Among rice cultivars, significantly (P<0.05) higher amount of methane was emitted from Pusa 44 compared to PR 118 and PR 111. Application of organic materials enhanced methane emission from rice fields and resulted in increased soil organic carbon content. The greatest seasonal methane flux was observed in wheat straw amended plots (229.6 kg ha-1) followed by farmyard manure (111.6 kg ha-1), green manure (85.4 kg ha-1) and the least from rice straw compost amended plots (36.9 kg ha-1) as compared to control (21.5 kg ha-1). The differential effect of organic materials in enhancing methane flux was related to total carbon or C:N ratio of the material. The results showed that incorporation of humified organic matter such as rice straw compost could minimize methane emission from rive fields with co--benefits of increased soil fertility and crop productivity.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53590
Title: Studies on the utility of plant cellulose waste for the bioadsorption of crystal violet dye
Author: S. Mahesh, G. Vijay Kumar and Pushpa Agrawal
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Chemically activated baggase, Cellulose, Peel, Adsorption isotherm
Abstract: Several synthetic dyes employed in textile and food industries are discharged into aquatic environment. These visible pollutants in water damage environment, as they are carcinogenic and toxic to humans. The use of cost effective and ecofriendly plant cellulose based adsorbents have been studied in batch experiments as an alternative and effective substitution of activated carbon for the removal of toxic dyes from waste water. Adsorbents prepared from sugarcane baggase, were successfully used to remove certain textile dye such as crystal violet from an aqueous solution. The present investigation potentiate the use of sugarcane baggase, pretreated with formaldehyde (referred as Raw Baggase) and sulphuric acid (referred as Chemically Activated Baggase), for the removal of crystal violet dye from simulated waste water. Experiments were carried out at netural pH with various parameters like dye concentration, temperature, contact time and adsorbent dosage. Efficiency of raw baggase was found better than chemically activated baggase for adsorption of crystal violet dye. The data obtained perfectly fits in the Freundlich adsorption isotherm.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53589
Title: Effects of industrial waste water on heavy metal accumulation, growth and biochemical responses of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L)
Author: Shadma Naaz and S.N.Pandey
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Heavy metals, Waste water, Biochemical responses, Lettuce
Abstract: The waste water showed high values of total solid (TS), hardness and chloride with slightly alkaline pH along with high concentrations of Cr (2.03 mg l-1), Ni (1.59 mg l-1) and Zn (0.46 mg l-1). The concentration of Cu (0.21 mg l-1) and Zn in industrial waste water was low than Ni and Cr. The diluted (25 and 50%), undiluted (100%) waste water was used to irrigate the lettuce plants grown in alluvial soils. Plants accumulated heavy metals in their shoot (Ni, 13.65; Cr. 19.73; Zn, 21.6 and Cu 14.76 ?g g-1 dry weight) and root (Ni, 41.4; Cr, 31.6; Zn, 30.2 and Cu 15.85 ?g g-1 dry weight) in high concentrations after irrigation with undiluted industrial waste water. Maximum accumulation of heavy metals was found in the root than the shoot (13.65-21.60 ?g g-1 dry weight). Dry matter yield and biomolecules (Chlorophyll a, b and sugar contents) was found to increase with increase in concentration of waste water upto 50%, which declined at the exposure of undiluted waste water. Catalase activity was found to increase with increase in waste water concentrations upto 100%, while carotenoids content increased in plants only upto the 50% waste water irrigation. Use of industrial waste water, in such form, on agricultural lands in not found suitable without proper treatment. It could be injurious to plants growth and may be a potential threat to food web.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53588
Title: Zooplankton diversity and physico-chemical conditions in three perennial ponds of Virudhunagar district, Tamilnadu
Author: T. Rajagopal, A. Thangamani, S.P. Sevarkodiyone, M. Sekar and G. Archunan
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 3, May 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Zooplankton, Physico-chemical parameters, Shannon ' s index, Species richness, Perennial ponds
Abstract: Plankton diversity and physico-chemical parameters are an important criterion for evaluating the suitability of water for irrigation and drinking purposes. In this study, we tried to assess the zooplankton species richness, diversity, and evenness and to predict the state of three perennial ponds according to physico-chemical parameters. A total of 47 taxa were recorded: 24 rotifers, 9 copepods, 8 cladocerans, 4 ostracods and 2 protozoans. More number of zooplankton species were recorded in Chinnapperkovil pond (47 species) followed by Nallanchettipatti (39 species) and kadabamkulam pond (24 species). Among the rotifers, Branchionus sp. is abundant. Diaphanosoma sp. predominant among the cladocerans. Among copepods, numerical superiority was found in the case of Mesocyclopes sp. Cypris sp. repeated abundance among ostracoda. Present study revealed that zooplankton species richness (R1 and R2) was comparatively higher (R1: 4.39; R2: 2.13) in Chinnapperkovil pond. The species diversity was higher in the Chinnapperkovil pond (H ' :2.53; N1:15.05; N2: 15.75) as compared to other ponds. The water samples were analyzed for temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, salinity, phosphate, hardness, dissolved oxygen and biological oxygen demand. Higher value of physico-chemical parameters and zooplankton diversity were recorded in Chinnapperkovil pond as compared to other ponds. The zooplankton population shows positive significant correlation with physico-chemical parameters like, temperature, alkalinity, phosphate, hardness and biological oxygen demand, whereas negatively correlated with rainfall and salinity. The study revealed that the presence of certain species like, Monostyla sp., Keratella sp., Lapadella sp., Leydigia sp., Moinodaphnia sp., Diaptomus sp., Diaphanosoma sp., Mesocyclopes sp., Cypris sp. and Brachionus sp. is considered to be biological indicator for eutrophication.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None