ID: 53737
Title: Impact of seed morphology on germination of selected forest tree seeds
Author: Pankaj Kamthan
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Forest seeds, Seed morphology, Seed size and Weight, Seed Germination
Abstract: Seed characteristics of tree species common to dry deciduous mixed forest of Rajasthan have been studied. The bigger seed size and more weight in Pongamia pinnata, Terminalia tomentosa, Albizzia lebbek, Cassia fistula, Lagerstroemia parviflora, Dendrocalamus strictus, Dalbergia sissoo, Acacia catechu resulted in large amount of reserve food material foster to the growing embryo at the time of germination. Comparison to smaller seed size and lesser weight viz. Lagerstroemia parviflora and Terminalia tomentosa which show better help in dispersal with disadvantage of quantity of reserve food material and thickness of their wing in some categories of seeds.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53736
Title: Biogas production from cattle dung supplemented with poultry droppings under solid state conditions
Author: Leela Wati, Chyanika Putatunda and K.K.Kapoor
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Biogas, biomethanation, Cattle dung, Poultry droppings
Abstract: Anaerobic digestion of cattle dung supplemented with poultry droppings was carried out at 15-16% total solid concentration in batch system under laboratory conditions and semi continuous mode in 2m3 capacity daily fed fixed dome biogas plant modified for solid state digestion. Supplementation of poultry droppings at 10, 20 and 30% to cattle dung resulted in enhancement in biogas production by 10.3, 24.8 and 36.9% under laboratory and 15-20% in field biogas plant. The nitrogen, phosphorous and potash content of effluent also improved by 22-23%.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53735
Title: Prevalence of hepatitis B virus surface antigen in pregnant women attending a private and Government hospital in Krishnagiri (DT)
Author: S. Paranjothi and H.V.Ijayarani
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Hepatitis B virus-Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), Hepatits Be antigen (HBeAg), Enzyme linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA), Chronic carrier, Antenatal screening
Abstract: The prevalence of hepatits B virus (HBV) carrier and infectivity status among 762 pregnant women in Krishnagiri district, Tamil Nadu, were determined through random testing of volunteer ' s antenatal clinics through different hospitals with in hte Krishnagiri district. HBV carriage status was determined by the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Repeated reactive samples were confirmed by Enzyme linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) kit (Span Diagnostic Ltd, India). Maternal HBV infectivity status was determined by testing all HBsAg positive samples for the presence of hepatitis BeAg. Overall 39 (5%) pregnant women were identified as positive for HBV and 15 of the 39 (38%) pregnant women identified as HBV carrier tested for HBeAg. Hence 28% of the entire study population was found to have high risk of transmitting HBV to their neonates. The frequency of HBV carriers vary with age, education factors, and marital status. The study demonstrates the endemicity of HBV infection by both vertical and horizontal means of transmission. Free screening and immunization of all pregnant women and infants should be incorporated in the antenatal and postnatal programmes in hospital for the eradication of HBV infection among pregnant women.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53734
Title: Preliminary characterization of multiple antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli isolated from fish processing plants
Author: Brundaban Sahu, A.K.Nayak, S.D. Singh, B.K.Behera and Gadadhar Dash
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: E. coli, antibiotic resistance, MAR Index, MIC, Plasmid
Abstract: Antibiotic resistant E. coli strains isolated during processing of fish were characterised to establish their level of resistance to different antibiotics and to know whether the genetic resistance mechanism is mobile in nature. About 80% of the strains were resistant against 4 to 6 antibiotics, while three strains exhibited resistance agianst more than ten antibiotics taken for the study. Risk assessment study of the E. coli strains by Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) Indexing suggest that the strains have been originated from high-risk source of contamination. MIC of Vancomycin for the strains was above 100 ?g/ ml and that of Ampicillin for above 70% of the strains was above 80 ?g/ml. Besides, MIC of 6 antibiotics namely, Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Ampicillin, Vancomycin, Kanamycin and Streptomycin for one particular strain varied from above 60 ?g/ ml to above 160 ?g/ ml . At the same time, MIC level of 4 antibiotics namely, Tetracycline, Ampicillin, Vancomycin and Streptomycin varied at the similar extent for two other strains. One of the three strains exhibiting resistance against more than ten antibiotics was found to have lost its antibiotic resistance property during plasmid curing experiments. This suggests the resistance mechanism may be plasmid mediated that is mobile in nature and there is every possibility of its transformation to dreaded pathogen in the environment and create serious menace.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53733
Title: Destruction of pathogens in infectious biomedical waste using lime and neem (Azadirachta indica)
Author: S. Jayanthi and E.S.Sarojini
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Infectious Biomedical waste, Azadirachta indica leaves extract, Lime stabilization, COD & microbial Colony count reduction, Bioassay, MPN Value
Abstract: Biomedical waste has become a serious health hazard in many countries including India. Careless and indiscriminate disposal of this waste by healthcare establishments and research institutions can contribute to the spread of serious diseases such as hepatitis and AIDS (HIV) due to injuries from sharps, needles and other types of material used when giving injections among those who handle it and also among the general public. The aim of the paper is to study the effect of lime solution and neem (Azadirachta indica)leaves extract for the disinfection of biomedical wastes was studied in laboratory. The study involves the determination of physio-chemical and biological parameters such as COD, Total solids, Volatile solids, Electrical Conductivity, Alkalinity, MPN value, Bioassay and Microbial Colony Count at different stages of disinfection. There was remarkable reduction in all parameters suggest that pathogens of biomedical waste can be effectively destroyed using alkaline solution with respect to time whereas the reduction percentage are better in neeem leaves extract.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53732
Title: Bacterial degradation of anthracene by Pseudomonas fluorescens KCP2
Author: N. Chandrasekhar and C.S.Karigar
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Anthracene, Pseudomonas fluorescens KCP2, Salicyclic acid, surfactants, Catechol Immobilization
Abstract: Pseudomonas fluorescens KCP2 species metabolized anthracene as the sole source of carbon and energy. Salicylic acid and Catechol were identified as few of the metabolic intermediates during the biodegradation of anthracene based on TLC and enzyme analysis. Pseudomonas fluorescens KCP2 cell free extracts exhibited salicylic hydroxylase and Catechol 1, 2 -dioxygenase enzymes with a specific activities of 0.34 and 0.24 m moles min-1mg-1 of protein respectively. The degradation rates were determined in the presence and in the absence of synthetic surfactants. The Pseudomonas fluorescens KCP1 species was immobilized in alginate and agar matrices. Both the matrices were stable with degradation ability for a period of 37 days and 31 days respectively.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53731
Title: Diversity of fungi from mangrove environment of Muthupet, India
Author: T. Ushadevi and A. Panneerselvam
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Fungi, Mangrove, Ascomycetes, Mitosporic fungi, Sterile mycelia
Abstract: The fungi in mangrove litter samples were recorded by both direct examination and plating method. In the direct examination method totally 36 species of fungi belonged to 27 genera were isolated. Among them 26 species were Ascomycetes and 10 were mitosporic fungi. Totally 44 species of fungi belonged to 18 genera and 6 morphologically different isolates represented by sterile mycelia were isolated by plating method.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53730
Title: Antifungal activity of certain aquatic angiosperms against some pathogenic fungi
Author: Kandukuri Vasu and M.A.Singara Charya
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Antimicrobials, Aquatic angiosperms, Fusarium oxysporum, Trichothesium roseum, Aspergillus niger
Abstract: Three aquatic plants Eichhornia crassipes, Nymphaea pubescens, Ipomoea aquatica dominant in this region were selected for their antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum, Trichothesium roseum, Aspergillus niger. The methonolic extracts of these plants were added with media and fungal growth was measured in mm. Among these plants the I. aquatica was effective (7 mm).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53729
Title: Determination of holding or trapping capacity of opern celled polyurethane foam for silicon based defoaming agent
Author: M. Gangadhara Naidu and K.M. Subbu Rathinam
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Open celled polyurethane foam, Holding or trapping capacity, Defoaming agent, Supportive material
Abstract: A detailed study was performed to determine the holding (or ) trapping capacity of open celled polyurethane foam (PUF) for a silicon based defoamer that can be used in the defoaming purposes. The open celled polyurethane foam was found to have a high trapping capacity for undiluted defoaming agent and less trapping capacity for diluted defoaming agent even though the void space volume and the porous grade of all the open celled PUFs used for the study are same. Based on the observed results, it can be confirmed that the holding or trapping capacity of open celled polyurethane foam was decreasing as the increase in dilution of defoamer. It can also confirmed that the trapping capacity of open celled polyurethane foam for the said defoamer was not changing for 4 days of observation period at room temperature.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53728
Title: Leaching of minerals in subbituminous Indian coal and characterisation of the products by SEM
Author: B. Manoj and A.G. Kunjomana
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Chemical leaching, SEM, Sub-bituminous coal, Inorganic minerals
Abstract: Coal is chemically and physically a complex and heterogeneous material, consisting of organic and inorganic mineral constituents. Presence of minerals in excess will pollute water, air and soil. Concerted efforts are needed to reduce ' ash forming ' inorganic elements and to develop clean methods of using coal. This paper reports the demineralization of sub bituminous coal with EDTA, HCl, HF, chloroform and acid mixture. The residual coal from each treatment was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and ultimate analysis. All the micrograph were bright field and revealed several features corresponding to the mineral grains. It comprised of lithophiles like aluminium, silicates and calcium. The absences of some morphological features correspond to inorganic elements in residual coal samples confirming ' demineralization ' . This result was further confirmed with the CHNS anlaysis. It was evident from the results that amongst the leachants used, Hydrofluoric acid and acid mixture had significant effect in removing the mineral matter, sulphur and oxygenated functional groups.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53727
Title: Preparation of blast furnace tap hole mass from spent pot liner-A waste material from aluminium smelter plant
Author: B. Mazumder, B.K. Mishra and S. Rani Devi
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Spent pot liner, Fluoride and tap hole mass
Abstract: The paper reviews science behind developing composition for making blast furnance tap hole mass. IMMT-Bhubaneswar has developed a technology for extracting carbon powder from spent pot liner of aluminium smelter plants. With a view to developing blast furnance tap hole mass composition, present paper discusses possibilities of using above by product carbon powder in the recipe of tap hole mass composition. The work is continuing at IMMT-Bhubaneswar, India.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53726
Title: Water quality assessment in the mangrove ecosystem of Indian Sundarbans
Author: Debabrata Mukherjee, Madhumita Das and G.K.Sen
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Sundarbans, Estuary, Mangroves, Salinity, BOD, pH, DO, Turbidity
Abstract: The physico-chemical parameters of estuarine water of Indian Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem has been studied from 2004 to 2008 during different seasons i.e. Pre-monsoon, Monsoon and Post-monsoon. Seasonal changes of important hydrological parameters like DO, BOD, Salinity, pH, Turbidity adn Nitrate with a distinct fluctuation have been found at some important sites of Sundarbans. The value of BOD in pre-monsoon increased sharply in the studied spots in the pre-monsoon of 2008 was very high in comparison with the value of 2004. Even the value of turbidity was also high in pre-monsoon of 2008 than the previous years. The monsoon and post-monsoon of 2008 have also high value of salinity, BOD and turbidity in almost all the studied places. The pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons are harshly affected by the increasing trend of ambient water quality of the mangrove ecosystem.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53725
Title: Water quality evaluation for Nambiyar river basin, Tamil Nadu, India by using Geo-statistical analysis
Author: C. Ganjendran, P. Thamarai and R. Basker
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: WQI-spatial distribution-GIS-Geo-statistical techniques
Abstract: Water quality degradation in river systems has emerged as a key problem in Asia during the last decades. Water quality index is a means to summarize large amount of water quality data into simple terms decades. Water quality index is a means to summarize large amount of water quality data into simple terms (e.g., Good or Bad, Clean or Contaminated) for reporting to authorities, management and the public in a consistent manner. Current water quality indices provides indications of the quality of water influenced by domestic (point source), some general industrial (point source) and agricultural runoff (Non-Point source). The purpose of the investigation were (1) to provide an overview of the quality of surface water, (2) to determine the spatial distribution of Surface water quality during the period 2002 to 2006, so that the trend of the water quality can be assessed for future development plans, and (3) to map surface water quality in the study area by using GIS and Geo-statistical techniques. The present study focuses on the surface water quality in Nambiyar Basin, Tamil Nadu, India. The physico-chemical parameters such as pH, DO, TDS, NO3, BOD, COD, Total Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Ca, Mg, Cl, SO4, F of the basin were taken into account to decide the quality characteristics of the basin. The samples were collected from six sampling points in the basin during the years 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006. Arc GIS and Arc GIS Geo-statistical Analyst were used for the generation of various thematic maps and Arc GIS Geo-statistical Analyst to produce the final weighted overlay analysis. An interpolation technique, ordinary kriging, was used to obtain the spatial distribution of surface water quality parameters. The results show that most of the basin has moderate to poor water quality for drinking purpose and , in general, the surface water quality of the basin decreases northwest to southeast.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53724
Title: Bacterial cellulose producing Glucanoacetobaacter xylinum: Isolation and screening
Author: B. Narayanswamy, S.V.Hegde, H.C. Girisha and D. J. Bagyaraj
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Glucanoacetobacter xylinum, Bacterial cellulose, Coconut water
Abstract: Study was conducted for isolation and screening of cellulose producing Glucanoacetobacter xylinum strains from different possible sources. Among the different sources tested fruits were found to be the potential sources of G. xylinum. Among the different fruits tested pineapple was known be the best sources, indicating that any sources which is rich in sugars would be better source for the isolation. Based on the thickness and weight of bacterial cellulose produced efficient strains were selected and characterized morphologically and biochemically and were found to belongs to G. xylinum.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53723
Title: Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from Eupatorium triplinerve Vahl. aerial parts
Author: Jaripa Begum, M D Nazrul Islam Bhuiyan and Tarannum Taznin
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Eupatorium triplinerve, Essential oil, GC-MS, 2-tert-butyl-1,4-methoxybenzene
Abstract: The essential oil from aerial parts of Eupatorium triplinerve Vahl. was analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Thirty compounds representing 98.25% of the oil were identified. The major components were 2-tert-butyl-1,4-methoxybenzene (74.3%) and b-selinene (8.6%). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was evaluated against ten bacterial (including Gram positive and Gram negative) and six phytopathogenic fungi. The oil exhibited moderate antibacterial and strong antifungal activities against all the test pathogens. The highest antibacterial activity was recorded against Salmonella typhi (23 mm) followed by Shigella sonnei (19 mm) at a concentration of 20 ?l/disc. The highest antifungal activity was recorded against Macrophomina phaseolina (85%) followed by Botrydiplodia theobromae (84%) which are better in comparison with standard Nystatin.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None