ID: 53752
Title: Air pollution and climate change effects on forest ecosystems
Author: R. Mohanraj
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2010
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 99, No 7, 10 October 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53751
Title: India lacks open access awareness programmes
Author: Richa Malhotra
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2010
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 99, No 7, 10 October 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53750
Title: Photosynthetic factories for manufacturing biofuel ethanol
Author: Ramesh Maheshwari
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2010
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 99, No 7, 10 October 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53749
Title: Bacterial biosorption: An alternative treatment option for heavy metal management
Author: E. Parameswari, A. Lakshmanan and T. Thilagavathi
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Biosorption, Chromium, Nickel, Bacterial isolates, Sewage
Abstract: A study was carried out to assess the heavy metal (Cr (VI) and Ni) removal efficiency of Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens isolated from sewage and sewage irrigated soils. The optimum time for maximum metal removal (82.58%, 89.50% and 95.54% of Cr, 86.16%, 84.32% and 90.98% of Ni by A. chroococcum, Bacillus sp. and P.fluorescens respectively) was found to be 72 hours at an initial metal concentration of 25 ppm. While comparing the percentage uptake, more amount of Cr (VI) was absorbed than Ni by Bacillus sp. and P. fluorescens. The percentage of Cr (VI) adn Ni removal decreased with increasing initial metal concentration. The uptake of Cr(VI) and Ni increased as the incubation period advanced. The bioaccumulation of heavy metals by these bacterial isolates was observed to be in the order of P. fluorescens > Bacillus sp> A. chroococcum.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53748
Title: Isolation of PCR compatible DNA from Swertia chirayita
Author: Vikas Sharma, Nidhi Srivastava, Barkha Kamal, A.K.Dobriyal and Vikash S. Jadon
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Swertia chirayita, DNA isolation, Polyphenols, PCR, Tissue culture
Abstract: Swertia chirayita is a medicinal plant indigenous to temperature Himalaya. This plant contains high amounts of secondary metabolites that interfere with DNA isolation. Good quality DNA is always a prerequisite in all molecular biology experiments especially PCR. Several protocols described for plant DNA isolation fail to produce good quality DNA from medicinal herbs and aromatic plants. Our modified DNA isolation method yields good-quality, high-molecular weight DNA that is free of contaminants and colored pigments and is suitable for PCR amplification.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53747
Title: Incidence of pathogenic bacteria in respiratory infections
Author: K. Kranthi Kumar and S.R.Mahesh
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Bacterial infections, Tuberculosis and Respiratory Tract Infections
Abstract: A study was undertaken to evaluate the "Incidence of pathogenic bacteria in respiratory infections" carried out in 100 symptomatic cases (Males-62; Females -38). One hundred samples were collected from the patients of respiratory infections out of which 56-Sputum samples were collected from lower respiratory tract and 44-Throat swabs collected from upper respiratory tract and these samples were processed by Gram stain, Ziehl Neelsen stain, Culture and sensitivity. Out of 56 Sputum samples, culture positively is 69.64% in which commonest organism was "Staphylococcus aureus". In Throat swab culture positivity is 36.36%, out of 16 culture positive samples 18 organisms were isolated in which "Streptococcus pyogenes" was commonest organism. 100 samples were screened for tuberculosis bacteria out of which 24 samples were positive with Z-N stain culture not done for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. "Staphylococcus aureus" and "Mycobacterium tuberculosis" shows highest incidence in respiratory tract infections. In upper respiratory system "Streptococcus pyogenes" was most predominant organism, where as in lower respiratory system "Staphylococcus aureus" was most predominant organism. The highest incidence of pathogenic bacteria in the category of "House holders" and "Farmers" this may be due to the constant exposure to the polluted air.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53746
Title: Assessment of microbiological quality of Porur double lake "Erettai Eri", Chennai
Author: R. Kowsalya, A. Uma, S. Meena and K. Saravanabava
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, Salmonella sp, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR),Acremonium sp., Aspergillus sp., chaetomium globosum, Mucor sp and Penicillium sp
Abstract: Porur double lake, also known as "Erettai Eri" is an important water source for people residing in Chennai, Tamilnadu. Water samples were collected from Porur double lake, water treatment systems and distribution points and analyzed for the microbiological quality. Microbiological analyses of samples showed the presence of bacterial and fungal human pathogens. The presence of putative virulent genes in the bacterial human pathogens like Aeromonas hydrophila and Salmonella sp isolated were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The fungal pathogens isolated from the water samples included Acremonium sp., Aspergillus sp., chaetomium globosum, Mucor sp and Penicillium sp.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53745
Title: Amino acids composition in natural and in vitro grown plants of Glossocardia bosvallea L.f (DC)
Author: R. Geetha and G.V.Gopal
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Amino acids, In vitro plants, Paper chromatography, Glossocardia bosvallea, Medicinal herb
Abstract: Detection of amino acids in natural and tissue culturally raised plants of Glossocardia bosvallea was made using two dimensional paper chromatographic technique using Butanol: Acetic acid: Water (9:1:1) and Phenol : Water (3:1) as solvent system I and II respectively. Significant variations in the composition of amino acids of both in vitro and in vivo grown plants were recorded. The in vitro plants were established in MS media supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP. Naturally grown plants were found to contain greater number of amino acids when compared to in vitro grown plants. Absence of DL aspartic acid, DL alanine, DL-B-Phenyl alanine, DL valine were noticed in in vitro grown plants which have made their marked presence in naturally grown ones.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53744
Title: In vitro propagation of Pogostemon benghalensis (Burm.f.) Kuntze through somatic embryogenesis
Author: Barnali Bailung, H.K.Gogoi and R.B. Shrivastava
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Pogostemon benghalensis (Burm.f.) Kuntze, Micropropagation, somatic embryogenesis, Regeneration
Abstract: Pogostemon benghalensis (Burm.f.) Kuntze is one of the important medicinal plant being hypotensive, antifungal and also having stimulating effect on central nervous system. A protocol was developed for micropropagation of the plant through somatic embryogenesis via callus as well as through direct shoot regeneration from nodes. MS medium containing BAP (0.5 mg/L) and NAA (2.5 mg/L) was best for somatic embryogenesis via callus and MS containing KIN (1.0 mg/L) and NAA (0.5 mg/L) was good for direct shoot regeneration from nodes. In vitro developed plants were acclimatized and transferred to soil with 75% survivality.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53743
Title: Optimization of culture conditions for amylase production by thermophilic Bacillus sp. in submerged fermentation
Author: R. Kokila and S. Mrudula
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Optimization, Amylase, Thermophilic Bacillus sp. and Submerged fermentation
Abstract: Thermophilic bacterium that secrete amylase was isolated from soil and identified as Bacillus sp. The strain was cultivated in submerged fermentation and produced 296 units of amylase per mL of culture broth containing 0.2% soluble starch as a carbon source. The most important factors such as substrate concentration, inoculum size, temperature, pH, incubation time and various carbon, nitrogen sources that influence the enzyme production were optimized. The optimum substrate concentration,temperature, pH and incubation period were found to be 3.0%, 55oC,8.0 and 24 hours respectively for maximum enzyme production. Among different carbon, nitrogen and trace elements supplemented, fructose, yeast extract, calcium and sodium chloride respectively enhanced production. Under the optimum parameters, the strain produced 400 units of amylase per ml of culture broth which is 35% more than an un optimized medium.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53742
Title: Analysis of ethanol tolerance of the yeast mutants developed by Acridine organe mutation
Author: Harini Kumar, Annapurna S. Agasthya, K. Rijesh, Amrutha Murugesh, Sandeep Bose and Nithya Priya
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Ethanol tolerance, Mutation, Acridine Orange, Fermentation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Abstract: The investigation was carried out to isolate yeast strains from their natural habitats and to screen them for ethanol tolerance. A total of 5 yeast strains were isolated from various sources like Grape, Apple, Distillery effluents, Standard yeast and Dry yeast cultured on Yeast Extract Potato Dextrose Agar media. All of these five samples were used to isolate five strains of yeast identified as Saccharomyces strains based on colony type and cell morphology and budding characters. Saccharomyces species were screened for the ability to tolerate different ethanol concentrations from 8-14%. Growth in different ethanol concentrations varied from one strain to another. Mutation was induced with intercalating agent like Acridine Orange with four different concentrations, (0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1 mg/mL.). Yeast strains showed tolerance level from 8-14%. Mutated strain YMSY showed highest tolerance to ethanol stress and YMDY with lowest tolerance. Mutants showed decreased growth and tolerance under high ethanol stress compared to their original isolates.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53741
Title: Molecular characterization of yeast and the mutants developed by Ethidium bromide mutation
Author: Harini Kumar, Annapurna S. Agasthya, K. Rijesh, Amrutha Murugesh, Sandeep Bose and Nithya Priya
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, RAPD marker, Ethidium bromide, Mutation, PCR
Abstract: Saccharomyces cerevisiae gained particular attention in the 1990 ' s as it has served as an important scientific model and tool, and was the first eukaryotic organism to have its genome sequenced. Mutations may be induced by exposure to ultraviolet rays and alpha, beta, gamma, and x radiation, by extreme changes in temperature, and by certain mutagenic chemicals such as nitrous acid, nitrogen mustard, and chemical substitutes for portions of the nucleotide subunits of genes. Ethidium bromide ("EtBr"), is an intercalating agent commonly used as a fluorescent (nucleic acid stain) in molecular biology laboratories for techniques such as agarose gel electrophoresis. Ethidium bromide may be a strong mutagen. The molecular markers are not of the versatile tools in Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering. Molecular genetic techniques can be used to dicriminate between yeast strains that have similar physiological characteristics. In the present study, induced mutation was carried out with interchelating agent like ethidium bromide with four different concentrations, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1 ?g/ml. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was employed to characterize yeast isolates. Five Saccharomyces strains were subjected to RAPD anlaysis using nine primers, selected from the kits of Chromous Biotech. Dendrogram was constructed according to Ward ' s method based on the scorable bands using Statistical software. Cluster analysis of dendrograms revealed that all the five yeast isolates formed two major clusters.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53740
Title: Antibacterial activity of Citrullus colocynthis and Tribulus terrestris against some pathogenic bacteria
Author: Amit Sharma, Sipia Singh and T.N.Nag
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Citrullus colocynthis, Tribulus terrestris, Pathogenic bacteria, whole plant, fruit, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
Abstract: Antibacterial activity of Citrullus colocynthis and Tribulus terrestris (whole plant and fruit) extracts prepared in various solvents were studied against some pathogenic bacteria i.e., Bacillus cerus, Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis. Disc diffusion method was adopted to screen antibacterial activity and broth dilution method was used to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Selected plant extracts exhibited broader and moderate MIC within the range of 20-100 ?g/mL against all the bacterial pathogens.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53739
Title: Studies on the water quality and zooplankton community of the Veeranam lake in Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu
Author: A. Krishnamoorthi and S. Selvakumar
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Protozoa, Rotifera, Cladocera, Copepods, zooplanktons, WHO
Abstract: The present study has been made to investigate seasonal variations of water quality and distribution and abundance of zooplankton in Veeranam lake in Cuddalore district. Samples were collected monthly at five different locations during the year of June 2008 to July 2009 and analysed for various physico-chemical parameters and a total of 27 zooplankton species made up of 5 protozoa, 7 rotifera, 6 cladocera, 4 copepods and 5 other zooplanktons were identified. The summer, premonsoon, monsoon and postmonsoon months mean values are taken for statistical analysis. The physico-chemical values were compared with standard values recommended by WHO. There are significant variations in water quality and zooplankton abundance during different seasons. The maximum values and zooplankton abundance during premonsoon and summer and decline during postmonsoon and monsoon. This is due to level of water, dilution of water during monsoon in the lake.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53738
Title: HDRO geochemical study of groundwater in Sarada River basin in Andhra Pradesh
Author: P. Srinivas, T. Satya Narayana
Editor: Dr. P.K.Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 3, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Groundwater, Hydro chemical group, Sarada river basin
Abstract: Hydro Geochemistry of groundwater was studied in Sarada River Basin. The hydro chemical groups according to their dominant cations and anions were observed in different types of rock formation, soil groups, geomorphic settings, slopes and groundwater aquifers. The study revealed that seawater contamination in the southern part of the lower Sarada River by subsurface intrusion, pollution due to the industrial wastes discharged by the existing industries and chemical contamination due to the use of fertilizers. However most of the groundwater of the basin is found suitable for drinking, irrigation and industrial purposes.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None