ID: 54141
Title: Effect of native A M fungi on growth, nutrition and biochemical constituents of Crotalaria juncea
Author: N Umamaheswari, M Kannahi and T Selvaraj
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: AM fungi, Crotalaria juncea, fabaceae, Glomus mosseae, P2O5
Abstract: The beneficial role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (A M) fungi on leguminous plants particularly Crotalaria juncea (Sunn hemp) one of important fibre yielding crop plants, belonging to the family Fabaceae grown in four different localities of Tamil Nadu, India, was screened for A M colonization and their root-zone soils were analyzed for AM fungal spore and sporocarps in relation to soil physico-chemical characters. Altogether, 14 AM fungal species representing five genera (Acaulospora, Gigaspora, Glomus, Sclerocystis & Scutellospora) were recorded, of which Glomus was the dominant genus found in the rhizosphere soils collected from all the study sites. A pot trail was conducted by using onion for mass inoculum production and the plants inoculated with G. mosseae were showed significant increase in plant biomass. A field trial was conducted to study the response of Crotalaria juncea to inoculation with indigenous AM fungus, Glomus mosseae under four different phosphorus levels (0, 20, 40, 60 kg P2O5/ha). The results revealed that the C. juncea plants responded well to the inoculation of Glomus mosseae in combination with 20 kg P2O5/ha was similar terms of plant growth, leaf yield, nutrition and leaf bioconstituents with control received full dose of phosphate fertilizer (60 kg P2O5/ha) without inoculation. This study indicated that there is a possibility of reducing the phosphate fertilization in crotalaria cultivation up to 65 percent.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54140
Title: Seasonal variations in the population dynamics of the parasite, Lytocestus indicus in the freshwater murrel, Channa punctatus
Author: N Vinatha and G Raghu Ramulu
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Channa punctatus, Parasite, Seasonal variations, helminths
Abstract: The seasonal variations in the population dynamics of the parasite Lytocestus indicus in the freshwater fish, Channa punctatus were carried out for the period of two years (2000-02). The analysis of the data showed that the parasite represented a variability and seasonal periodicity in their occurrence in the hosted fish. The incidence, intensity, density and index of the infections were recorded minimum in rainy (35.70, 1.61, 0.56, 0.20) and winte (37.77, 1.47, 0.50, 0.20) seasons and increased in summer season (45.37, 2.00, 0.90, 0.41) respectively.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54139
Title: Hypoglycaemic effect of Cassia auriculata leaf extract in Streptozotocin induced albino rats
Author: M Sendhil Vadivu
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Hypoglycaemic activity, Streptozotocin, Cassia auriculata
Abstract: This study was undertaken to screen the hypoglycemic activity of aquatic extracts of leaves of Cassia auriculata in diabetic model rats in different prandial states. All of the extracts had significant antihyperglycemic effect in type 2 model rats (p<0.01). Investigations were carried out to evaluate the effect of extract of C. auriculata leaves was tested for hypoglycaemic effect in streptozotocin induced diabetic male albino rats. The leaf extract of C.auriculata has potent hypoglycaemic effect.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54138
Title: Seasonal variations in the ecological attributes of a grassland community in Nilgiris, The Western Ghats
Author: K K Vijayakumar
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Grass land, seasonal variations, Nilgiris, Ecological attributes
Abstract: The study was carried out over a period of one year from January to December 2005 in the grassland situated at Kallatti, Nilgiris, Western Ghats where there is rich flora and fauna. The study was aimed to know the current ecological status of palatable, non palatable and economically important plants in terms of frequency, density, basal cover and importance value index as influenced by different seasons. The study revealed that the grassland community comprised 34 palatable, 9 non palatable and 21 economically important plant species. The palatable species are the major component in the community and have registered higher frequency (9-100%), density (0.19-96.48 individuals / m2), basal cover (106.4 - 87278.4 mm2/100m2) and importance value index (0.38-29.55) for all seasons during the study period than the other two categories such as non palatable and economically important species. The dominant perennial grass, Themeda triandra registered higher frequency of distribution (91-100%) at all times of sampling in the studied grassland during the study period. Based on these characters it is understood that the Kallatti grassland is a potential pasture land and supports many wild herbivores and in turn it maintains the ecological balance a well.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54137
Title: Seasonal variations in the phytoplankton diversity and primary productivity of Pechiparai reservoir, Kanyakumari
Author: P J Jepachandera Mohan, S. Godwin Wesley, S Ramya, N Alaguchamy, M Kalayanasundaram and R Jayakumararaj
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Pechiparai reservoir, Phytoplankton diversity, Seasonal variations
Abstract: Primary production and phytoplankton diversity of Pechiparai Reservoir in Kanyakumari District was assessed from Jan-Dec, 2008. Variations in the average phytoplankton abundance and primary productivity was observed during the period of study. Rate of inflow of water during the monsoon into the reservoir was identified as the prime factor that influenced input of the nutrients and affects the primary production. Shennon-Weiner diversity index varied between 1.24 and 1.90 during the period of study. Likewise, Sympson index varied from 0.82 to 0.90 and evenness from 446 to 956. The value of annual average of phytoplankton biomass was 319 Nos/lit. The value of annual average of gross primary production and net primary production were 2719 mg C/m3/d and 1610 mg C/m3/d respectively.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54136
Title: Bacterial and fungal diversity of Muthupet mangrove
Author: M Kannahi, S Abirami and N Umamaheswari
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Mangroves, Physico-chemical character, Nutrient contents, Ecosystem
Abstract: Water, soil and litter samples were collected from Muthupet mangroves in Tamil Nadu and examined by dilution plating method. The mangrove ecosystem has high percentage of microorganisms such as bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, cyanobacteria adn algae etc. The physico-chemical parameters of mangrove forest sediments showed maximum temperature ranged between 32-360C, pH 7.5-8.2, moisture 28-32%, salinity 7-10.4 ppt, organic carbon 0.1-0.9%, nitrogen 180 kg/acre, potassium 418 kg/acre, copper 0.6 ppm, zinc 1.1 ppm, manganese 0.7 ppm and ferrous 0.6 ppm. Totally 10 bacterial genera (Bacillus, Eschericha, Clostridium, Micrococcus, Achromobacter, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter & Beijerinckia) were recorded. There are 37 fungal species were representing 7 genera namely (Absidia, Aspergillus, Mucor, Neurospora, Penicillium, Rhizopus & Trichoderma) were recorded.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54135
Title: Predatory potential of selected spiders from Shevaroy hills, Tamil Nadu
Author: M P Sugumaran
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Predatory potential, Survey, Spiders
Abstract: Survey was conducted in coffee plantations, flowering crops and fruit trees in Kotachedu, Muluvi and Yercaud of Shevaroy hills, Salem district to collect the adult spiders and were taxonomically identified. From the thirty eight species identified, predatory potential was studied for six spider species viz., Plexippus paykulli, Pardosa Pseudoannulata, Peucetia viridana, Oxypopes javanus, Heteropoda venatoria and Olios hampsoni. The saliticid P. paykulli and the hunting spider H. venatoria were found to be the most efficient predator. P. paykulli consumed more number of Musca domestic and H. venetoria consumed more number of moths of Corcyra cephalonica.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54134
Title: Drought induced biochemical changes in the tomato genotypes (Lycopersicon esculentum)
Author: Mukesh L Chavan, Anand B Mastiholi, Shashidhar T R and Shantappa Tirakannanavar
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Ascorbic acid, chlorophyll, drought, proline, tomato
Abstract: Studies were undertaken to find out the detrimental effects of drought on biochemical parameters in 50 tomato genotypes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Arabhavi, Karnataka. Water stress was given after fifteen days after transplanting for all the 50 genotypes. Irrigation water (IW) to the cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) treatment comprises of 0.4 and 1.2 treatments. Irrigation was given when the pan evaporation reaches 41.7 mm (1.2 IW/CPE ratio) and 125 mm (0.4 IW/CPE ratio). As the stress increased from 1.2 to 0.4 IW/CPE ratio, there was reduction in chlorophyll "a", "b" and total chlorophyll content to the extent of 26.3, 31.2 and 27.3 percent, respectively, whereas in the case of ascorbic acid, proline and TSS content, there were significant increase to the extent of 18.4, 12.4 and 37 percent, respectively under the severe drought of 0.4 IW/CPE. Among the genotypes, L-13 recorded significantly higher chlorophyll ' a ' 91.533 mg g-1 of fresh weight), total chlorophyll (1.806 mg g-1 of fresh weight) and ascorbic acid content (21.47 mg-1 100g fr. Leaf wt.), chlorophyll ' b ' was found significantly higher in the genotype L-2 (0.516 mg g-1 of fresh weight) whereas, TSS was significantly maximum in GK-3 (6.71 oBrix). Proline accumumation was significantly high in the genotypes L 10 (P) (19.84 ?g-1g of fr. leaf wt).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54133
Title: Impact of Dicofol on toxicity and behavioural responses of the freshwater fish, Labeo rohita
Author: G Krishnamurthy and M David
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Behaviour, Dicofol toxicity, Major carp
Abstract: Static renewal bioassay test was conducted to determine the toxicity of commercial grade organochlorine insecticide dicofol in the freshwater fish, Labeo rohita exposed to selected concentrations of dicofol (3.0 to 8.0 l/l, 18.5% EC) for 96 h and the percent mortality was recorded. The LC50 value was found to be 5.5 l/l and one tenth of LC50 (0.55 l/l) was selected as sub lethal concentration for sub acute studies. Behavioural patterns were observed in lethal (1,2,3 &4 days) and sub lethal concentration (1, 7, 14 & 21 days). Fish in lethal media exhibited abnormal behaviours like restlessness, hyper excitability, loss of equilibrium, erratic and darting swimming movements were observed which probably might be due to inhibition of ATPases in the central nervous system (CNS). The signs of toxicity are consistent with CNS depression. Fish is sublethal concentration were found under stress, but that was not fatal.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54132
Title: Influence of dates of sowing and plant density on root morphology and root yield of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
Author: Jagadishchandra Hiremath, K N Kattimani, Mukesh L Chavan and Anand B Mastiholi
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Withania somnifera, spacing, root length and diameter, dry root yield, dates of sowing
Abstract: The research study was conducted to know the influence of dates of sowing on ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal) at Arabhavi during 2006 with factorial randomized block design. To study the effect of sowing dates I and II fortnights of July and August and control ( II fortnight of July) and spacing viz., P1 (30 x 10 cm), P2 (30 x 20 cm) and P3 (30 x 30 cm) and the control (60 x 60 cm) on the root quality and root yield of ashwagandha. At 90 days after sowing (DAS), significantly high root length (18.9 cm), maximum fresh root yield per plant (4.3 g) and dry root yield (8.2 q/ha) were recorded in the crop was sown during second fortnight of July with narrow spacing of 30 x 10 cm. Significantly maximum root diameter (11.5 mm) was observed in the crop was sown during first fortnight of July with wider spacing of 30 x 30 cm.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54131
Title: Isolation and identification of carotenoid pigment producing actinomycetes from soil samples
Author: B. Thamarai Selvi and R. Rajendran
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Soil samples, Actinomycetes, Carotenoid pigments
Abstract: Pigment producing microorganisms were isolated from different soil samples of Coimbatore and identified as actinomycetes by colony morphology, coverslip culture technique and Gram ' s reaction. The pigments were identified as carotenoid by acetone-petroleum ether analysis. The carotenoid pigments having antioxidant, anti cancerous and anti inflammatory actions.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54130
Title: Growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa) as influenced by different organic manures
Author: I M Mannikeri, P R Dharmatti and T R Shashidhar
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Turmeric , growth, yield, organic manures
Abstract: A field experiment was conducted during 2003-04 and 2004-05 at Dharwad to study the growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa) as influenced by different organic manures. The experiment was conducted with Cuddappa genotype. There were nine different treatments of which seven were different organic manures, one treatment with RDF (180:90:90 kg NPK/ha) and a control. The different organic manures used were Farm Yard Manure (26.47 t/ha), Vermicompost (15.65 t/ha), Poultry manure (6.43 t/ha), Pressmud (15 t/ha), Sheep manure (9 t/ha), Bhoomilabh (12 t/ha) and Sunnhemp (41.86 t/ha). Application of vermicompost @ 15.65 tonnes per ha-1 recorded significantly the highest plant height (35.8 cm), number of leaves (8.9), number of tillers (3.2), leaf area (47.9 dm2) and leaf area index (0.473) and was on par with the application of pressmud @ 15 tonnes per ha-1 (34.6 cm, 8.4, 3.2, 44.1 dm2, 0.429, respectively for plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, leaf area, leaf area index). While the application of RDF (180:90:90 kg NPK/ha) recorded the values of 31.6 cm, 7.8, 2.6, 40.0 dm2 and 0.395, respectively for plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, leaf area and leaf area index . Application of vermicompost recorded the highest fresh and cured rhizome yield (33.6 & 6.7 t/ha, respectively) and was on par with pressmud (29.5 & 5.6 t/ha, respectively), while the application of RDF recorded 22.8 and 4.6 t/ha, respectively for fresh and cured rhizome yield. The lowest values for all the growth parameters and yield was recorded in control.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54129
Title: Phytoplankton diversity in Pechiparai Reservoir, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu
Author: P J Jepachandera Mohan, S Godwin Wesley, S Ramya N Alaguchamy, M Kalayanasundaram and R Jayakumararaj
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Pechiparai reservoir, Phytoplankton diversity, Seasonal variation, Monsoon
Abstract: Phytoplankton diversity at Pechiparai Reservoir in Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu was assessed from Jan-Dec 2008. Variations in the average phytoplankton abundance and primary production were observed during the perid of study. Rate of inflow of water during the monsoon into the reservoir was identified as the prime factor that influenced input of the nutrients and appeared to regulate the diversity of the phytoplankton. Nearly thirteen species of phytoplankton were recorded. Of the thirteen species, population of Staurastrum longipes, S. fremantii, Navicula sp. and Botryococcus sp. were found to be abundant, while occurrence of other species exhibited seasonal variation. Population of most of the phytoplankton species in the reservoir peaked in the month of Feb (post monsoon period) Staurastrum longipes (26), S. fremantii (46), Staurodems sp. (02), Odegonium sp. (10), Desmidium sp. (11), Zygnema sp. (306), Spirogyra sp. (26), Ulothrix sp (08), Melosira sp (28), Navicula sp (10), Botryococcus sp (230), Oscillatoria sp. (26) and Microcystis sp. (62).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54128
Title: Changes in morphology and yield attributing characters of tomato genotypes due to moisture stress
Author: Mukesh L Chavan, Anand B Mastiholi, Shashidhar T R and Shantappa Tirakannanavar
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Tomato, Drought, Morphology, Fruit yield
Abstract: Studies were undertaken to find out the changes in the morphology and yield attributing characters of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum mill.) genotypes at Arabhavi, Karnataka. Drought was imposed two weeks after transplanting in both the IW/CPE ratio [ratio of irrigation water (IW) to cumulative pan evaporation (CPE)] of 0.4 and 1.2 treatments. Irrigation was given when the pan evaporation reading reached 41.7 mm (1.20 IW/CPE ratio) and 125 mm (0.40 IW/CPE ratio). Results indicated that plant height, stem girth and number of branches decreased in 0.4 IW/CPE ratio compared to 1.2 IW/CPE ratio, indicating the effect of moisture stress on the tomato genotypes. The plant height, stem girth and number of branches per plant were significantly reduced (15.4, 19.6 & 20.2%, respectively) under severe water stress of 0.4 IW/CPE ratio. Higher fruit volume, number of fruiting cluster, number of fruits per plant, number of seeds per fruit, pulp weight, and pulp to seed ratio were found significantly higher in the moderate stress of 1.2 IW/CPE ratio than severe stress of 0.4 IW/CPE ratio. Significantly high yield per plant was observed in the genotype L-43 (58.5 t ha-1) and least yield was recorded in the genotype L-15 (14.3 t ha-1).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54127
Title: Phylogenetic analysis with PI value of protein sequences using the software tool ' mCompu '
Author: K Mohan Kumar and P Murugaian
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 3 & 4, May & June 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Protein sequence, Phylogenetic tree, Phospholipase
Abstract: Phylogenetic tree is used to find out teh relationships between organisms, and also used to understand the ancestors and descendants. In this study the evolutionary ties between different snakes were analyzed using sequences. In this connection, phylogenetic trees were constructed with Neighbour Joining method using isoelectric point (PI) of Phospholipase A2 protein sequences of different snakes. The software tool ' mCompu ' has been developed for this study to predict the evolution of the snakes.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None