ID: 54412
Title: Effect of organophosphorus pesticide on the reproductive bionomics of rotifer Brachionus plicatilis (O.F.Muller)
Author: C Arulvasu, K Selvakumar, P Prabu, L Arockia Vasanthi and D Dinesh
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Population growth, Rotifers, Methylparathion, Toxicity, Life history, Parameter
Abstract: The effect of ORganophosphorus pesticide, methylparathion on the reproductive bionomics of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis was assessed. Sub-lethal concentration of pesticide 24 h LC50 bioassay was performed under six different concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7 mg/L). LC50 value of B. plicatilis were 0.5 mg/L. Based on the LC50 value, newly hatched neonates were individually cultured in three varying concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.4 mg/L) of methyl parathion. The life history parameters such as time (h) the rotifer bear release of neonates and life span were evaluated. Population growth study depicted that the population growth of B.plicatilis decreased with increasing concentration of methylparathion.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54411
Title: Beneficial properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from breast fed infants faecal flora: in vitro evidences
Author: B Girishkumar and S G Prapulla
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Probiotic, GI tract, hydrophobicity, food borne pathogens
Abstract: Study focuses on the isolation and characterization of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from breast fed infants fecal flora. The viability of two selected strains (F-03 and F-17) under acidic condition, synthetic stomach juice (pH 2.5) and in the presence or absence of 0.3% ox bile (pH 6.5) was studied. F-03 & F-17 showed lower viability after 240 minutes at pH 2.0 when compared to that of pH 2.5 and pH 3.0. There is no significant difference in case of synthetic stomach juice (pH 2.5) after 180 min and both the strains were tolerant with or without 0.3% ox bile. The percent reduction of cholesterol by F-03 and F-17 was found to be 58.49 and 49.40%, respectively in the presence of 0.3% ox bile, where in the absence of bile it was found to be 30.76% and 21.15% respectively. The F-03 and F-17 showed 30% and 69% cell surface hydrophobicity and 1233 MU and 122 MU - ? galactosidase activity respectively. Isolates showed significant antimicrobial activity against food borne pathogens and antibiogram towards a range of antibiotics. Based on their beneficial properties could be viewed as potent probiotic LAB for a range of application and further product development.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54410
Title: Callus induction and plant regeneration in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)- A lesser exploited oil crop with immense ptoentiality
Author: Deepa Singh Kushwaha, Shagufta Khan and Zia-ul-Hasan
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Sesamum indicum, Organogenesis, Cotyledonary leaf, Oil crop
Abstract: An in vitro propagation protocol has been developed for Sesamum indicum L., cv GT-1. The maximum seedling growth and seedling length was achieved in MS media. Better growth of seedlings was, however, obtained on MS 1/2 strength medium and maximum seedling length was achieved in both MS 1/2 and MS 1/4 medium. Among different concentration of BAP, maximum seedling growth and seedling length was obtained on its 0.1 mg/L concentration. Cotyledonary leaf segments was obtained from 10 days old in vitro raised seedlings through in vitro seed germination. Highest callus induction (80%) was achieved in 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D with 2.0 mg/L Kn. Ms medium containing 6.0 mg/L BAP with 2.0 mg/L NAA was found most suitable for shoot initiation. Best shoot regeneration (85%) were achieved from 40 days old callus. Although shoot multiplication was achieved on MS medium containing BAP, NAA and CW, the maximum number of shoots (20) and shoot length (5 cm) were obtained in 6.0 mg/L BAP with 20% CW, 6.0 mg/L BAP with 0.5 mg/L NAA and 8.0 mg/L BAP. During multiplication maximum callusing observed in 6.0 mg/L BAP with 20% CW. Highest rooted shoots (85-90%) and number of roots (8-10) were observed on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L IBA. During acclimatization survival of plantlets with up to 80-85% survival.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54409
Title: Decomposition of agroindustrial wastes and its impact on growth and yield parameters of Vigna radiata , L. (Moong Bean)
Author: Kavitha Kashyap
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Compost, DSW, Decomposition, EC, pH, Vigna radiata
Abstract: Microbial technology for early decomposition of compost was formed from PMC, flyash, distillery spent wash (D.S.W) and chopped water hyacinth by bioinoculant Trichoderma viride in different treatements -PTDE, T1, T2, T3 and T4 over control were investigated. The compost samples were analyzed for pH, EC, moisture content, organic carbon and nitrogen. DSW addition in three splits (0-18-16 day) was done to mainain the moisture control and aeration. Its maturity evaluation by C/N ratio. Seeds fo Vigna radiata L. cv. K-851were sown in pot culture with (159 gm compost + 5 kg soil) @ 5 qt/acre. The results revealed that the seed germination, vigour index (VI), plant height, phytomas, no.of seeds, seed yield, 100 seed weight, biological yield and harvest index were significantly increased in T4 compost treated soil than control. The T4 treatment early decomposed by a fungus (Trichoderma viride) and showed enhanced growth and yield due to mineralized nutrient status of conpost.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54408
Title: Allelopathic studies on agroforestry species effect of leaf leachates on seedling growth of crop plants
Author: N S Philomina and A Munikumari
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Allelopathy, Agroforestry, leachates
Abstract: A study was undertaken to find out the allelopathic effects of common trees viz., Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Acacia nilotica, Derris indica, Cassia siamea and Sesbania grandiflora raised on field bunds as an agroforestry practices in Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh. Leaf leachates were collected after 8 hr, 16 hr and 24 hr of immersion and used for treating seed samples. Varying degrees of inhibitory and stimulatory effects on seedling growth of Oryza sativa and Eleusine coracana were identified.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54407
Title: Purification and characterization of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) dehydrochlorinase from Burkholderia pseudomallei T4
Author: I M Mandappa, H M Rajashekara Murthy, P R Ramasarma, M S Thakur and H K Manonmani
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Burkholderia pseudomallei, gamma-HCH-dehydrochlorinase, purification, characterization
Abstract: Bacterial isolates belonging to HCH -degrading microbial consortium were screened individually for HCH-dehydrochlorinase activity. Among these, the cell free extract of Burkholderia pseudomallei T4 showed highe gama-HCH-dehydrochlorinase activity. The enzyme was purified to apparent homogeneity using Sephorose 6B gel permeation chromatography with 4.8 fold purification. The purity was confirmed using SDS-PAGE, capillary electrophoresis and HPLC. The enzyme had pH optimum of 6.0 and temperature optimum of 280C and was stable for 2 h. The Km and Vmax values of the enzyme were 2.162 and 39.52, respectively. Molecular weight of the enzyme was ~32 KDa on SDS-PAGE. The enzyme was found to be a glycoprotein with mannose forming the carbohydrate backbone. The enzyme appeared to be a metallo protein containing Zn, Mg and Ca. The enzyme was inhibited by monovalent and divalent cations. The purified enzyme showed reactivity with all isomers of HCH except ?-isomer and was not reactive against other halo aromatic derivatives. Serine and tryptophan residues were present in the active site. The N-terminal sequence was found to be AIGRVHNA.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54406
Title: Identification of lactobacilli at genus level using PCR
Author: Manorama Chauhan, Shakeel Asgar, Shrikant D Karnewar and V K Batish
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB)
Abstract: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are gram-positive, non-sporulating, microaerophillic bacteria whose main fermentation product from carbohydrate is lactate. The LAB especially the genera Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Streptococcus, bifidobacterium and Pediococcus, have been traditionally used as starter cultures for the fermentation of foods and beverages because of their contribution to flavor and aroma development and to spoilage retardation. In present investigation, 25 isolates alleged to be lactobacilli were recovered from BCP-MRS agar plates streaked with milk samples which was collected from NDRI, Karnal campus. These isolates on the basis of Gram ' s staining and catalase test were subjected to PCR by using Lb1 and Lb2 23s rRNA lactobacilli specific PCR primers. All the isolates produced a PCR amplified product of 194 bp specific for lactobacilli species on agarose gel.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54405
Title: Histochemical assessment of mucosubstances in pancreas of fluoridated rats
Author: Shashi A, N Sharma, M Bhardwaj and S Neetika
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Fluoride, Mucosubstances, Pancreas, Rat
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to find out cytochemical changes in mucosubstances in pancreas. Sixty Spargue Dawley albino rats were injected with 30, 45 and 75 mg NaF/kg bw/day for 36 days. The rats of control group were administered subcutaneously double distilled water 1cc/kg bw/day daily for the same period. The experimental period was divided into 4 phases at interval of 15, 22, 30 and 36 days. Animals were sacrificed from each group at 16, 23, 31 and 37 days. There was intense distribution of PAS positive mucosubstances in the acini as well as in the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas of control rat. The nuclear and cell membrane of exocrine and endocrine cells stained positive for periodic schiff ' s stain. The mucosubstances in all cellular components of pancreas were highly elevated in all fluoridated groups of rats as compared to control.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54404
Title: Cellulase production by Trichoderma reeset fermented in sawdust and bagasse
Author: V Guruchandran, I Priya and C Sasikumar
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Trichoderma reesei, Cellulase activity, Lignocellulosics
Abstract: Sawdust and Bagasse were used as lignocellulosic substrates for the production of cellulase using Trichoderma reesei after ballmilling and pretreatment with caustic soda. From the fermentation studies, sawdust gave the best result with an enzyme activity of 0.0842 IU/mL while bagasse gave 0.0679 IU/mL respectively. The two lignocellulosics gave their maximum enzyme activities at about the twelfth hour of cultivation, suggesting that the 12th hour is the optimum time when the enzyme may be harvested.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54403
Title: Remediation of cadmium toxicity caused by EDTA and Eichhornia crassipes in the different regions of the alimentary canal of Anabas testudineus (Bloch): A scanning electron microscopic study
Author: A Bhowmick, A R Ghosh, R Banerjee, A K Mukherjee, S Pal and T Senapati
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Remediation, cadmium, EDTA, Eichhornia, alimentary canal, A testudineus
Abstract: Remediation of heavy metals in aquatic ecosystem by EDTA or wetland plants like water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes is an important in the field of industrial toxicology. The present investigation demonstrates the comparative study of remediation by EDTA and Eichhornia occurred in the different regions of the alimentary canal like buccopharynx, oesophagus, stomach, intestine and rectum of an air-breathing teleost, Anabas testudineus being exposed by cadmium, cadmium -EDTA and cadmium-Eichhornia in the laboratory conditions. The mucosal surface of the buccopharynx and oesophagus are provided with number of prominent folds comprising of pentagonal and /or hexagonal stratified epithelial cells which are embraced with concentric microridges and double-ridged structures inbetween neighbouring cells. Treatment with Cd-EDTA and Cd-Eichhornia reveal that in both the cases stratified epithelial cells depict reduced lesions and less damage in microridge structures, particularly in Cd-Eicchornia treated condition the double-ridge remain intact as compared with Cd-EDTA treated tissues. Excessive mucous cells activity due to cadmium-toxication is suppressed by the plant incorporation. In stomach, cadmium toxicity causes prominent alterations in the mucosal folds, necrosis of gastric epithelium and vigorous secretion, but due to Cd-EDTA treatment the magnitude of necrosis in the SEC is very low and in case of Cd-Eichhornia treated condition gastric folds are of normal pattern of network, cellular lesions in the columnar epithelial cells are very low and very slight obliteration in the microvilli. The severe necrosis in teh absorptive CEC of the intestine along with deterioration of microvilli is prominently reflecting the cadmium toxicity. In Cd-EDTA condition, damage in microvilli is rarely observed; in Cd-Eichhornia treated condition the orientation of CEC and its microvilli is comparable to control condition. Rectal mucosal folds are highly damaged showing serious necrosis in the columnar epithelial cells due to cadmium toxicity. But in the Cd-EDTA and Cd-Eichhornia treated conditions the mucosal folds and microridges of the cells are almost intact and the changes are insignificant.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54402
Title: Evaluation of subsurface water quality by estimation of physico-chemical parameters -A case study
Author: P Srinivas, T Satya Narayana and G N Pradeep Kumar
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Ground water quality, Physico-chemical parameters
Abstract: To meet the increasing water demands, reliance on groundwater has been rapidly increasing, especially in the arid and semiarid regions. Overexploitation of groundwater leads to deterioration of groundwater quality. The present study was undertaken to ascertain groundwater quality in view of the potaibility. Groundwater samples at various locations were collected and analysed for some selected physico-chemical parameters such as pH, Specific Conductance, TDS, hardness, total alkalinity, chlorides, calcium, nitrates and sulphates. Except pH, all the collected percentage of samples are above the desirable limits. Correlation coefficient among selected water quality parameters were computed. Recommendations were made to improve the groundwater quality.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54401
Title: Isolation and characterization of P-solubilizing Pseudomonas putida biotypes in two microbiological growth media (PKVS and NBRIP) from rhizosphere soils of groundnut in Tirupati
Author: K Jyothi, K Vijayalakshmi, M Surekharani, S Aruna S Haitha Devi, M Shashikanth, N D Prasanna and S K Shaheen
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: P-Solubilization, Pseudomonas putida, Microbiological growth media
Abstract: Pseudomonas putida biotypes (Ps1, Ps2, Ps3, Ps4) isolated from rhizosphere soils of ground nut plants growing in fieldsd of Tirupati, A P Phosphate solubilizing activity of Psuedomonas putida biotypes was screened in solid and liquid formulations of PKVS (Pikovskay ' s medium) and NBRIP (National Botanical Research Institutes Phosphate growth Medium) media. Identification of Pseudomonas putida biotypes depending on morphological, biochemical tests, utilization of carbon and nitrogen sources, characterization according to Bergey ' s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Vol.I. Efficient phosphate solubilizer (Ps1) was identified as Pseudomonas putida biotype A by FAME analysis (IMTECH, Chandigarh). NBRIP served as best medium for phosphate solubilization to Pseudomonas putida biotypes with maximum solubilization of inorganic phosphorus associated with drop in pH during 16th day of incubation with statistically significant results.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54400
Title: Quality evaluation of milk sold in Ajmer city, India
Author: Bharti Jain and Puja Mathur
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Prevention of Food Adulteration Act (PFA Act), Total solids (TS), Solid Not Fat (SNF), Proteins, Lactose, Mineral Ash, Infrared Spectroscopy, Vendors ' Milk and Dairy Milk
Abstract: The study was aimed to evaluate the quality of milk sold by vendors and organized dairies of Ajmer city. Hundred samples of vendors ' milk were collected. Chemical analysis of milk is required to ensure that minimum compositional standards are met and milk should be free from adulterants and other contaminants. For chemical analysis Milko-Scan 133 was used to evaluate gross chemical composition of milk in terms of water, fat, solid not fat, protein and lactose. Study revealed that all the values of milk components except water were below the PFA standards. Forty one percent samples could not fulfill the standards for fat while 91 percent samples were containing SNF less than 8.5 gm percent. Seventy six percent and 96 percent samples were not fulfilling the required standards for protein and lactose respectively. Eighty one percent of samples contained added water to the milk. None of the sampels were adulterated with starch, sodium-bi-carbonate and urea. Sugar was found to be only adulterant present in two percent of raw milk samples. Milk supplied by organized dairies of Ajmer fulfilled the required standards mentioned on the milk pouch. A significant positive correlation was seen between price and fat content of milk and also between total solids and price of milk.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54399
Title: Degradation of phenolic compounds by laccase from Ganoderma lucidum
Author: S Ahamed John and A Cholarajan
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Laccase, Pesticides, White-rot fungus, Canoderma lucidum
Abstract: Laccase activities were found after GLC analysis of culture liquid of mycelium extract Ganoderma lucidum grown on malt extract medium with or without inducers. These laccase enzyme (E C 1.10.3.2 paradiphenol: oxygen oxidoreductase) catalysis the oxidation and polymerization of aromatic compounds in the presence of molecular oxygen. Laccase activity in the malt extract medium had on pH 3 -4 and was stable from pH 3- 10 during 24 hours at room temperature. This enyzme had wide substrates specificity on hydroquinone, methoxy- substituted monophenols and aromatic amines. The laccase activity was found only with compounds having a redox potential lower than 0.5 mV. The highest activity was obtained with methoxy, methyl-substituted p-hydroquinone and aromatic diamines. Some activity also occurred with the aliphatic compounds 3,5 - cyclohexadiene -1, 2-diol.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54398
Title: Characterizations of culture filtrate of Piriformospora indica by HPTLC analysis
Author: U S Bagde, Ram Prasad and Ajit Varma
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 4, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Piriformospora indica, Culture filtrate, HPTLC, Carbohydrates, saponins
Abstract: Potential of symbiotic fungus P. indica cell mass for promoting growth of many medicinal and economically important plants has been documented so far. Also impact of its culture filtrate on plant growth and its essential ingredients has been reported. Present investigation was carried out to characterize culture filtrate of P.indica by HPTLC analysis to ascertain mechanism of its action on plant growth. HPTLC analysis of P. indica culture filtrate revealed that it contains carbohydrates and saponins and in addition it may contain other ingredients of interest. Plant growth promotion effect of culture filtrate may be due to production or addition of known and unknown compounds from culture filtrate. This is confirmed by quantification of microorganisms in rhizospheric soil testing of plants Helianthus annus and Aristolochia elegans treated with culture filtrate of P. indica wherein it showed maximum number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi as compared to untreated plants. Number of actinomycetes was lower, number of fungi higher and number of bacteria highest in rhizospheric soils of plants treated with P. indica culture filtrate. In the rhizosphere of A elegans treated plants population of bacteria was 2.1 x 104, fungi 2.0 x 103 and Actinomycetes 1.2 x 103 as compared t o1.5 x 104, 2.0 x 103 and 1.1 x 103 respectively in Aristolochia elegans untreated with P. indica culture filtrate. In the rhizosphere of H. annus populations of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were 3.5 x 106, 4.0 x 103 and 2.5 x 104 respectively as compared to 2.0 x 103, 2.5 x 103 and 1.5 x 103 respectively in H. annus untreated with P. indica.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None