ID: 54667
Title: Analysis of water quality of Bavani river near Mettupalayam, India
Author: G Shyamala
Editor: Dr R L Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (4) 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment & conservation
Keywords: Water quality, Bhavani river
Abstract: Bhavani is one of the important Rivers in the Tamilnadu. Many industries, particularly textile processing units, tanneries, and distillery units, are situated on the banks of Bhavani River. These industries let out untreated and partially treated effluents in to the river stream It is, therefore, decided to study the quality of water and to estimate its pollution load in the River Bhavani near Mettupalayam region. Samples of water were collected at selected points and physico-chemical examinations were carried out. It was observed that at the start at the place before the mixing of effluent the water quality in river was good, but showed a progressive decline from its origin to further distances as it passes through human settlements and industrial areas.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54666
Title: Hydrobiological studies of the Bahandei reservoir of Basopatti, Madhubani district of Bihar, India with reference to its management
Author: Sanjeev Kumar Chaudhary, Safal Kumar Mishra, Prem Kumar Bairoliya and Neelam Jalan
Editor: Dr R L Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (4) 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment & conservation
Keywords: Hydrobiology, Bahandei, Reservoir, Management
Abstract: The present investigation was carried out from June, 2008 to May 2009, to study the Hydrobiology of the Bahandei reservoir of Basopatti, Madhubani district of Bihar, India with special reference to its management. The physico-chemical parameters of the reservoir suggest that the Bahandei reservoir is medium productive. The fish yield of the reservoir if managed properly on scientific lines can be enhanced.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54665
Title: Impact of effluent waters on soil-water-plant system due to irrigation from Khari cannel around Nawagam-Vatava region of Gujarat (India)
Author: J K Parmar and K P Patel
Editor: Dr R L Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (4) 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment & conservation
Keywords: Heavy metals, Effluent water, soil, water, properties
Abstract: Keeping in view the possible contamination of ground water along the open canal carrying mix industrial effluents in Nawagam-Vatva region, a survey was carried out to assess the quality of ground water. Also, the soil and plant samples collected from the area were analyzed for levels of contamination with heavy metals. It was noticed that the contamination of soil-water-plant system with Cr, Ni and Pb was alarming. The tube well water along the canal was saline-sodic in nature and contained appreciable amount of trace and heavy metals. Also, the tube well water in adjoining area was medium to poor in quality and found contaminated with heavy metals; although the level of contamination was comparatively less than that noticed in contaminated area. This indicated that the ground water was about possibly contaminated even at a distance to about 1.5 to 2.0 km away from the open effluent carrying canal. The soils of contaminated area were slightly neutral to alkaline where as uncontamianted soils showed pH more towards sodicity. Further, the soils of contaminated area were more contaminated with heavy metals than uncontaminated soils. Trace and heavy metals content of rice and wheat plants grown in contaminated area were than the crops grown in uncontaminated area. The Cr content of grain, straw and husk of rice in contaminated area were higher by 52.8, 44.7 and 91.8 percent over uncontaminated area. Whereas Cr and Ni content in wheat grain, Cd, Co, Cr and Pb content in wheat straw and Co and Ni content in wheat husk were 123, 52, 57, 98, 141, 84, 61 and 142 percent higher than wheat grain, straw and husk samples from uncontaminated area, respectively.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54664
Title: Effect of organic manure and biofertilizers on nutrient uptake pattern of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L)
Author: P Y Zalate and D R Padmani
Editor: Dr R L Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (4) 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment & conservation
Keywords: Groundnut, Organic manure, biofertilizers, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, content, uptake
Abstract: A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2006-07 to study the effect of organic manure and biofertilizers on groundnut crop with the treatments comprised of biofertilizers, FYM, castor cake, vermicompost and their all possible combinations. The results revealed that the groundnut seeds inoculated with Rhizobium plus PSM significantly increased the content as well as uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by kernel as well as haulm over uninoculated control. Similar trend was also observed with application of FYM 6 t ha-1 over control (No manure). Groundnut crop fertilized with FYM 3 tha-1 + Rhizobium + PSM and vermicompost 2 t ha-1 + Rhizobium + PSM were found equally effective and significantly superior over control with respect to content and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by kernel as well as haulm. However the highest values of these parameters were recorded with FYM 6 tha-1 + Rhizobium + PSM.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54663
Title: Assessment of surface water quality for irrigation purpose-a case study of Rupnagar district, Punjab, India
Author: Parul Virk, Nibedita Ghosh and K P Singh
Editor: Dr R L Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (4) 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment & conservation
Keywords: Groundwater, Chemical characters, Chemical classification, SAR, RSC, USSL diagram
Abstract: In India, the quantity and quality of water available for irrigation is variable from place to place. Rupnagar district is located in the north eastern part of Punjab state between latitude 300 44 ' and 310 26 ' N and longitude 760 17 ' and 760 44 ' E. Rupnagar district spreads over an area of 1382 sq km falling within semi arid region and frequently facing water scarcity as well as quality problems. Water samples from surface water bodies were collected from 25 stations during pre monsoon and post monsoon of the year 2007, and were subjected to analysis for chemical characteristics. The type of water that predominates in the study area is sodium potassium, carbonate bicarbonate type during both pre and post monsoon seasons of the year 2007, based on hydrochemical facies. Besides, suitability of water for irrigation is evaluated based on sodium adsorption ratio, residual sodium carbonate, sodium percent, salinity hazard and USSL diagram.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54662
Title: Study on storm Surge event due to Cyclone AILA
Author: Goutam Kumar Sen, Madhumita Das and Meenakshi Chatterjee
Editor: Dr R L Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (4) 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment & conservation
Keywords: Cyclone, storm surge, Numerical model, ROMS, Coastal inundation
Abstract: The Regional Ocean Model System (ROMS) driven by NCEP reanalyzed forcing fields together with QuickScatt wind observations, has been used to study evolution of surges in the Northern Bay of Bengal (adjacent to West Bengal Coast of India) due to Cyclone AILA (24-25 May 2009). The model was, very consistent and able to simulate basic sea level variation very well. A comparison with observation at aparticular location (near Digha) was also provided. The results show that ROMS model is robust enough to reproduce surge impact very consistently.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54661
Title: Assessment of pond water quality for irrigation and bathing purposes in the rural areas around Angul-Talcher industrial zone, Orissa
Author: P C Dash, J R Dash and H K Patra
Editor: Dr R L Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (4) 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment & conservation
Keywords: Physico-chemical parameters, bacteriological quality
Abstract: A study was undertaken to assess the quality of pond water in rural areas around Angul-Talcher Industrial Zone, Orissa for irrigation and bathing purpose. As many as nineteen physico-chemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), Potassium (K), alkalinity (Alk), chloride (Cl), fluoride (F), nitrate (NO3), Sulphate (SO4), phosphate (PO4) and hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) and two bacteriological parameters : total coliform (TC) and faecal coliform (FC) were analysed in alternate months from July 2001 to May 2003. It was observed that the values of all other physico-chemical parameters appeared normal within the prescribed limit for irrigation and bathing (ISI-1982) except for fluoride, BOD, and Cr6+ which were found at marginally higher levels above the recommended limit. However the bacteriology quality of all waters under study were found to be bad and unfit for out-door bathing.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54660
Title: A robust procedure to predict above-ground biomass of perennial grasses in arid ecosystems
Author: M Taghvaei and Y Erfanifard
Editor: Dr R L Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (4) 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment & conservation
Keywords: Biomass prediction, Curve estimation models, Coefficient of determination, Pearson ' s correlation
Abstract: A non-destructive method was calibrated to establish regression models to estimate above-ground plant biomass in arid environments. It was aimed to develop a model for biomass prediction of plant species individuals. Four perennial grasses, selected for this research, are important species in arid rangelands. About 25 individuals of each were double-sampled to measure different vegetation indices and above-ground biomass. Pearson ' s correlation coefficient was employed to chose the vegetation index with highest relationship in each plant species. In the next step, different curve estimation models were tested between the selected index and above -ground biomass of each species and a regression model was fitted to the data. Consequently, a regression equation was established for each individual. It was necessary to test the suggested models, so they were applied for biomass estimation of each species. Comparison of observed and estimated biomass amounts in each plant species and the coefficient of determination in the fitted linear regression models showed that the applied models are robust enough to estimate above-ground biomass of the investigated species in the study area. Despite the acceptable results of the models, the authors believe that the models should be tested for the same species in other regions to prove their efficiency.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54659
Title: None
Author: Ahmad Rajabi, Hosein Sedghi, Saeid Eslamian and Habib Musavi
Editor: Dr R L Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (4) 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment & conservation
Keywords: Lars-WG, SDSM, Downscaling, Climate change, Kermanshah, Iran
Abstract: The main limitation of using the results of global circulation models (GCM) is the low spatial accuracy of these models. To use the results of these models one should downscale their results in different areas. Two downscaling models, Lars-WG and SDSM, were used to downscale the data of daily precipitation and minimum and maximum daily temperature in Kermanshah; and their downscaled results were compared. Due to the fact that the daily precipitation data are not normal and that the data of daily minimum and maximum temperature have autocorrelation, nonparameteric tests were used. The investigation of errors in estimating the means was carried out by Wilcoxon rank test and investigation of errors in estimating the variances was carried out by Levene ' s test. The investigation of uncertainty in estimating the means and variances of observed and downscaled data is performed by using bootstrap nonparametric test. The results of the used test indicate the superiority of Lars-WG model than SDSM in downscaling the data of daily precipitation and maximum and minimum daily temperature in Kermanshah (Iran).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54658
Title: Evaluation of petroleum hydrocarbons in water, fish and plant samples in Degele and Environs in Delta state, Nigeria
Author: Olaji, Ebenezer Dayo, Edema Clarkson and O Edema Mary
Editor: Dr R L Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (4) 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment & conservation
Keywords: Well-pond-river water, fish plant petroleum hydrocarbon
Abstract: This work measures the total petroleum hydrocarbon in water, fish and plant samples from and around Degele community. Water, fish and plant samples were separately extracted and the extracts examined using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC/FID) after silica gel fractionation. The result of the analysis for water revealed that the mean levels of aliphatic Petroleum Hydrocarbons (PH) in well ranged between 0.004 + 0.002 and 0.004 + 0.0069 mg/L, pond was between 0.006 + 0.002 and 0.014 + 0.019 mg/L and the mean river level was 0.008 + 0.008 mg/L. That of fish ranged between 0.188 + 0.122 and 1.315 + 0.808 mg/kg for pond, 0.034 + 0.001 mg/kg for the river and plant ranged between 0.044 and 0.079 mg/kg. Mean aromatic PHs in well ranged between 0.002 + 0.002 adn 0.004 + 0.003 mg/L, pond was between (0.001+ 0.001 and 0.006 + 0.007 mg/L and the mean river level was 0.004 + 0.003 mg/L. That of fish ranged between 0.003 + 0.002 and 0.038 + 0.025 mg/kg for pond, 0.019 + 0.001 mg/kg for the river and plant ranged between 0.001 and 0.003 mg/kg. The hydrocarbon type was shown to be mainly moderately high molecular weight aromatic and high molecular weight aliphatics.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54657
Title: The relationship between plant diversity and physiographic factors in Ghalarang protected area, Ilam, Western Iran
Author: Hassan Pourbabaei, Mehdi Heydari and Ali Najafifar
Editor: Dr R L Trivedy
Year: 2010
Publisher: EM International, Vol 16, No (4) 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment & conservation
Keywords: Plant diversity, Physiographic factors, Zagros, Ilam
Abstract: The study was carried out in a part of Ghalarang protected area located in northwestern Ilam, featuring central Zagros forest ecosystems. The objective was to investigate the relationship between plant diversity and some physiographic attributes. The field data were collected using a number of 50 plots in a systematic randomized sampling. The factors including tree and shrub species type, number, and canopy coverage were recorded by measuring their small/large diameters in each plot. In order to record the grass species, the Whitaker ' s nested plot method was applied. The result showed that there are 4 tree species, 3 shrubs, one bush species and 78 grasses in the study site. The family Asteraceae and the genus Euphorbia sp. form the most existing plants. Therophytes cover the most vegetative forms in the area. Plant diversity was the most in southern and southwestern and the lowest in western aspect. Moreover, plant richness was the most in southern and southwestern aspects. There was the most plant diversity and richness in the intermediate altitudes, while the high altitudes had the least diversity. The slope percentage had not a significant difference on plant diversity, richness and evenness.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54656
Title: New reports to the flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, from Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park, South Andaman
Author: K Karthigeyan, R Sumathi, J Jayanthi and P G Diwakar
Editor: Dr V R R Singh
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 5, May 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Eurya, Scurrula, Tristellateia
Abstract: Eurya nitida Korth., Scurrula parasitica L. and Tristellateia australasiae A Rich. collected from the Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park South Andaman forms first reports to the flora of Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Descriptions, illustrations and note on their distribution are provided.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54655
Title: A note on lichens on Shorea robusta in a biosphere reserve, Central India
Author: Achuta N Shukla and K P Singh
Editor: Dr V R R Singh
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 5, May 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Biosphere Reserve, Central India, Lichens, Shorea robusta
Abstract: The paper enumerates 45 species of 13 genera of the lichens growing on Shorea robusta Gaertn.f., trees of Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, mostly the foliose forms of lichens show their predominance as the Parmotrema, Dirinaria, Pertusaria spp. were growing very commonly on young as well as older bark, on breast height.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54654
Title: Evaluation of different collections of Mucuna pruriens for morphological parameters and L-Dopa yield
Author: Puran Chandra, R C Rana, T S Mehra and R Raina
Editor: Dr V R R Singh
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 5, May 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Mucuna proriens, cowhedge, L-DOPA, medicinal plant
Abstract: Mucuna pruriens, commonly known as Konch or Cowhedge is a traditionally used medicinal plant. Seeds of the species contain high percentage of active principle L-DOPA, which is used for curing Parkinson disease. There is a greate variation in the seed colour of the species, and in the present study twenty eight black mottled with brown (collected locally) and creamish white (procured form NBPGR New Delhi) seeds were evaluated for morphological parameters as well as for L-DOPA content. Black seeded collections were found to contain high level of L-DOPA ranging 6.36 to 7.30. But, the seed yield and consequently L-DOA yield was low ranging 38.40 - 65.86 g and 2.35 - 4.69 g per plant respectively. Moreover, pods of these collections contain itching trichomes which puts workers in commercial cultivation. Among black seeded collections regarding seed yield, L-DOPA content and L-DOPA yield collections Panba, Nagrota, Jwalaji Hilltop and Jwalaji excelled over all other collections. L-DOPA content in white seeded collections was low ranging 5.41-5.78 percent. But, the seed yield and consequently L-DOPA yield was very high ranging 4.30-697.20 g and 23.38-39.73 g respectively. Also, pods of these collections are devoid of itching trichomes. Among white seeded collections regarding seed yield, L-DOPA content L-DOPA yield collection IC127363 and IC 127362 excelled over other collections. Exotic collection EC 144945 performed below par for all the parameters studied.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54653
Title: Dichotomous key for identification of some Assam timbers
Author: P K Pande
Editor: Dr V R R Singh
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 5, May 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Dichotomous key, identification, Assam timbers, Dillenia aurea and D parviflora
Abstract: Variations in wood anatomical features were used in the preparation of dichotomous key for identificaiton of 52 tree species of Assam. Variance ratio (F) test indicated that variations were signifiant among the species and non-significant for the replication for fiber length, fiber diameter, wall thickness and vessel element length and vessel element diameter. The dichotomous key for identification was prepared at species level on the basis of 178 wood anatomical qualitative and quantitative features. In the preparation of dichotomous key, wood anatomical features like presence/absence of included phloem, oil cells, silica vitreous, spiral thickening, radial canal, presence/absence and location of prismatic crystals, variation in axial parenchyma structure, vessel and ray frequency, ray height, specific gravity, etc, were found useful out of 178 features. Different species of same genera like Dillenia and Elaeocarpus were separated at species level on the basis of wood anatomical features. Two species of Dillenia namely D. aurea and D parviflora outside from Assam state were also included in the study to separate important Indian species of the genus Dillenia at species level.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None