ID: 55252
Title: Enrichment of mineral contents of kernels of sunflower plant (Helianthus annus L) exposed to various percentages of vermicompost
Author: S Umavathi and P K Ramasamy
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Eudrilus eugeniae, vermicompost, kernels, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc and copper
Abstract: Various percentages of vermicompost (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) derived from the earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae was made with red soil. The plant was grown in these vermicompost-red soil mixtures for maximum 90 days period of exposure and the plants were harvested and the kernels were collected at the end of 90 days. In the kernels of the sunflower plant the minerals such as sodium,potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc and copper of kernels of sunflower plant (Helianthus annus L) were analyzed. The sodium, calcium, iron and zinc contents were found to be maximum in the kernels collected from the plant cultivated in 50% vermicompost concentration but at the same time potassium, magnesium, and copper were noticed maximum in 100% vermicompost concentration. However, the maximum phophorus content was observed in the kernels collected from the plants grown in 75% vermicompost concentration. The present investigation revealed that the level of sodium, calcium, iron and zinc level increased upto 50% vermicompost concentration and thereafter, the level decreased in accordance with increasing vermicompost concentration. Similarly, the level of potassium, magnesium and copper increased up to 100% vermicompost concentration and thereafter, the level decreased in accordance with increasing vermicompost concentration. Similarly, the level of postassium, magnesium and copper increased upto 100% vermicompost concentration. However, the level of phosphorus rose up to 75% vermicompost concentration.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55251
Title: Larvicidal effects of selected plant leaves extract against anopheles mosquito
Author: V Mary Kensa
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Ecofriendly, larvicidal, mosquito, prophylactic
Abstract: Emergence of resistance among mosquitoes is a recent problem. Safe and ecofriendly agents from biological origin is need of the hour. An attempt is made in the present study to analyse the larvicidal effects of the plant leaves extract against anopheles mosquito. Among these selected plants, Catharanthus roseus, Phllanthus amarus, Acalypha indica, zingiber officinale, cynodon dactylon and Aerva lanata showed the highest level of activity against mosquito larvae. In conclusion, the results obtained that the leaves extract used had some bioactive constituents which resulted in the larvicidal effects. Such findings are useful in promoting research aimed at the development of new agents for mosquitoe control, based on bioactive natural chemical components from indigenous plant sources. The use of indigenous plant based products by individual and community can provide a prophylactic measure for protecting against various mosquito borne diseases.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55250
Title: Antibacterial activity of ANogeissus latifolia (Roxb. ex DC ) Wall. ex Guill. and Perr
Author: K Sahoo, T Mishra and N K Dhal
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Anogeissus latifolia, antibacterial activity, pathogens
Abstract: The use of plant extracts and phytochemicals, both with known antimicrobial properties, can be of great significance in therapeutic treatments. Many plants have been used because of their antimicrobial traits, which are due to compounds synthesized in the secondary metabolism of the plant. In the present study, solvent extracts of the plant Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb. ex DC) Wall. ex Guill & Perr was investigate against various pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus sp and Staphyloccocus aureus by disc diffusion method for its antibacterial activity. Hexane and choloroform extracts demonstrated a high degree of activity than methanol extract whereas petroleum ether did not show any response. Among the four solvents used, all the extracts showed antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa such as methanol (23 mm), chloroform (18 mm) and hexane (18 mm) whereas chloroform and hexane extract showed a maximum activity such as (10 mm and 12 mm) against E. coli and minimum , i.e 9 mm against Proteus sp., in case of methanol extract. It has been found that the methanol and chloroform extracts were more effective than other extracts against all the test pathogens. The present paper highlights on the antibacterial activity of A latifolia, which can be used in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by various pathogens and it is therefore recommended that the nature and the number of the active antibacteria principles involved in the bark extract to be studied in detail.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55249
Title: water quality assessment of Yamuna river for irrigational purpose
Author: Ahmad Ashfaq, Anwar Khursheed and Sheetal Sharma
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Water quality, degradation, sodium absorption ratio, residual sodium carbonate
Abstract: Yamuna river is used for various human activities, which results in degradation of its quality. In this context, analysis was done in order to specify whether it is fit for irrigation purposes. Study had been conducted for different locations including Palla, Nizamuddin, Kalindikunj, Agra Canal and Okhla. The different parameters evaluated from irrigational point of view were pH, conductivity, chlorides, percent sodium absorption ratio, residual sodium carbonate, BOD & COD. After analysis it ws concluded that Yamuna water can be utilized for the studied stretch.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55248
Title: Effect of intercropping and moisture conservation practices against linseed wilt
Author: D R Wagh, K P Verma, R K Dantre and S J Waghmare
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Intercropping, moisture conservation
Abstract: This experiment was carried out under field conditions in the field of Agronomy department during the Rabi 2008-09 cropping season, IGKV, Raipur to assess the effect of intercropping and moisture conservation practices against linseed wilt. The plot size was 4.2 x 4 m and susceptible cultivar, Kartika was intercropped with Wheat + Linseed (2:2), Wheat + Linseed (4:4), Wheat + Linseed (6:4), Gram + Linseed (2:2), Gram + Linseed (4:4), Gram + Linseed (6:4), Lentil + Linseed (2:2), Lentil + Linseed (4:4), Lentil + Linseed (6:4), Sole Linseed. For moisture conservation susceptible cultivar, LMH - 62 were sown in rainfed condition. The percent mortality was lowest in the treatment T7 Lentil + Linseed (2:2) (10.86 %) followed by T5 Gram + Linseed (4:4) (11.90 %), T3 Wheat + Linseed (6:4) (12.75%) over the control. The percent mortality was lowest in the treatment T2 straw mulching @ 10 t/ha (33.27 %) followed by T4 Incorporation of FYM in the soil @ 10 t/ha (44.42 %) over the control.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55247
Title: Yield and juice quality of preseasonal sugarcane as influenced by saline soil
Author: R U Nimbalkar, C R Palwe and A D Kadlag
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Sugarcane, saline soil, yeild and juice quality
Abstract: A filed experiment was conducted at Soil Test Crop Response Correlation Project Farm during preseason of 2006-08 at Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri to study the "yield and Juice Quality of rpeseasonal sugarcane as Influenced by saline soil". The experimental soil represent Sawargaon series under Inceptisol order having pH 8.45 and EC 4.14 dsm-1. There were six sugarcane genotypes viz; CO 86032, CO 94012, COM 0265, CO 62175, CO 94008, COM 9516 replicated four times on saline soil with randomized block design. The sugarcane genotypes COM 0265 was recorded the significantly higher cane yield (91.10 MT ha-1) than the rest of the sugarcane genotypes. The sugarcane genotype COM 9516 and CO 94008 were recorded the least cane yield (72.00 and 74.30 MT ha-1). COM 0265 was on par with the CO 62175 (90.70 MT ha-1). It was followed by CO 94012 and CO 86032 (87.50 and 88.30 MT ha-1). The commercial cane sugar yield was observed significantly higher in COM 0265 (10.09 MT ha-1) than the rest of sugarcane genotypes. The sugarcane genotype CO 94012 and CO 62175 were found on par with each other for the commercial cane sugar yield (9.51 and 9.63 MT ha-1). It was closely followed by CO 86032 (8.71 MT ha-1) under saline soil condition. The sugarcane genotypes COM 9516 and CO 94008 were found to record the least commercial cane sugar yield (7.83 and 7.62 MT ha-1). The corrected brix was higher in sugarcane genotype CO 94012 (20.29) followed by COM 0265 (19.25) and CO 62175 (18.92), whereas , COM 9516 (17.08) were recorded lower values of brix. Sucrose content of sugarcane genotype CO 94012 was significantly higher (18.11%) than the rest of the sugarcane genotypes. The sugarcane genotypes COM 0265, CO 62175 and COM 9516 (17.31, 17.07 and 17.53% respectively) was found at par with each other for their sucrose content. The purity percent of sugarcane juice at harvest of CO 94008 was maximum (92.31%). The lower purity percent was found in sugarcane genotype CO 94012 (88.52%) at harvest. The reducing sugars content of sugarcaen genotype CO 62175 was found maximum (0.67%) at harvest. The sugarcane genotypes CO 94012 and COM 9516 were at par with each other (0.46 and 0.45%, respectively).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55246
Title: Utilization of agriculture waste for removal of heavy metal ions through biosorption
Author: Ahmad Ashfaq and Aatika Saadia
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Heavy metals, contamination, remediation biosorption, rice husk
Abstract: The contamination of water due to toxic heavy metal ions is accountable for causing several damages to the environment and adverse effects on health of the people; as these are non-biodegradable and get accumulated in living tissues, thus becoming concentrated throughout the food chain. Utilization of one waste material to control pollution caused by another is of high significance in the remediation of environmental problems. Rice husk, an abundantly available agricultural waste, can be used as a low cost adsorbent for the removal of dyes and heavy metals from effluent streams. Conventional technologies for the removal/ remediation of toxic metal ions from wastewaters are proving expensive due to non-regenerable materials used and high costs. Biosorption is emerging as a technique offering the use of economical alternate biological materials for the purpose. This paper presents the use of rice husk to exhibit different affinities toward different metals and hence its importance to be employed as an effective biosorbent material.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55245
Title: Studies on the ecology of sulur pond, Coimbatore district, Tamilnadu, India
Author: S Umavathi
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Sulur pond, Water pollution, Water quality
Abstract: Water pollution is a serious problem in present scenario due to industrial civilization. Taking this consideration is designed to monitor the water quality of Sulur pond, located in Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu. This pond serves as a major source of domestic water supply to the nearby areas. Water quality parameters such as physical and chemical parameters were estimated in the present study.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55244
Title: Changes in chemical characteristics of Gujar lake margin soil in different seasons
Author: Mayank Singh, O P Singh ' Vatsa ' , and M P Singh
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Lake, Margin, Soil, nutrients, chemical characteristics
Abstract: The present paper deals with ' Gujar Tal ' margin soil at Jaunpur for changes in soil chemical properties of abandoned land (site I) and winter cultivated land (site-II) in different seasons, zones and depths. The pH of soil varied on alkaline side from 7.3 to 9.0 at site I and 7.2 to 8.0 at site II. It was distinctly higher during rainy and summer seasons. Organic carbon contents (site I, 1.117 to 4.885 mg g-1 and site II, 1.419 to 5.034 mg g-1) were slightly higher at site II than site I, and were more in the surface soil and decreased down the depth in all the seasons of the two zones at both the study sites. Total soil nitrogen contents varied at different seasons and depths in the two zones on both the sites (site I, 0.283 to 0.817 mg g-1 and site II, 0.317 to 1.200 mg g-1). Its content was always more in the surface soil and it was less during summer season at both the sites I & II. C /N ratio varied from 2.634 to 6.271 at site I and 2.803 to 6.656 at site II and was slightly high during rainy season at both the sites. It fluctuated with the seasonality and site conditions. The available phosphorus in soil varied from 31.51 to 99.37 ?g g-1 at site I and 34.00 to 106.00 ?g g-1at site II. The lowest value was in summer and the higher during rainy season. The amount of total nitrogen (site I - 27.03 ton/ha & site II - 32.80 ton/ha) and available phosphorus content (site I - 3.09 ton/ha & site II - 3.38 ton/ha) varied distinctly upto 30 cm soil column depths at the two sites. Analysis of variance for nutrients showed significant variation in depths at upper zone (organic carbon p<0.01, total nitrogen < p 0.05, available phosphorus p <0.01, p <0.001 & pH p<0.05) and lower zone (organic carbon p < 0.01 & phosphorus < 0.05). Analysis of variance showed significant variation in season at upper zone (Organic carbon p < 0.01, p <0.05, available phosphorus p < 0.05 & pH p<0.01) and at lower zone (organic carbon p <0.01, available phosphorus p < 0.05 & pH < 0.05).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55243
Title: Zooplankton diversity a tool to assess aquatic pollution in the lentic ecosystem
Author: B Padmanabha
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Water quality index, diversity index, dominance index, sequential comparison index
Abstract: In pollution stressed environment, change in the community structure is reflected in the diversity pattern of the component species. These changes can be quantified as diversity indices, which are useful in water quality monitoring. In this study,Water Quality Index, the diversity and density of zooplankton carried was out of the four lakes of Mysore city (Kamana, Karanji, Kukkarahally and Dalavai lakes) for two years (2008-2010). Different diversity indices are computed and according to the results, highest diversity index recorded in the Kamana lake followed by Karanji lake, Kukkarahally lake and lowest in the Dalavai lake. Highest dominance index and water quality index recorded in the Dalavai lake followed by Kukkarahally lake, Karanji lake and lowest in the Kamana lake. According to the Water quality Index, species diversity scale of Wilhm & Doris (1968) and Staub et al., (1970). Sequential Comparison Index (SCI) the water of Kamana lake and Karanji lake is moderately polluted whereas heavily polluted in the Kukkarahally lake and Dalavai lake. According to Jaccard index, it appears that Kamana lake and Karanji lake pair showed highest similarity in ecological parameters and hydrographical conditions. But Kamana and Dalavai lake pair shows lowest similarity or highest dissimilarity in ecological parameters and hydrographical profile.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55242
Title: Ethno-botanical aspects of some wild plants of pottalvilai, thengamputhoor panchayat, Nagercoil, Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India
Author: V Mary Kensa
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Ethno, botanical, indigenous, traditional, documentation
Abstract: Ethno-botanical survey was conducted in the area of Pottalvilai situated in Thengamputhoor Panchayat, Nagercoil, Kanyakumari District. During survey, the first hand information about traditional uses of wild plant species was collected from rural people. The study reveals the indigenous medicinal uses of 43 plant species belonging to 42 genera and 29 families. Documentation of traditional knowledge on the ethno medicinal use of these plants is essential for conservation effort for the plant sources and new drug development.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55241
Title: Study on water quality and heavymetal distribution of river Damodar
Author: U S Banerjee and S Gupta
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: River water quality, physicochemical characteristics, industrial wastewater, heavy metals distribution
Abstract: Metals enter the riverine ecosystem through the indiscreet disposal of chemical and metal wastes from agricultural, industrial and mining activities and from various natural sources. Heavy metals are of much environmental concern as even if they are present in dilute, undetectable quantities, their recalcitrance and consequent persistence exhibits toxic characteristics and cause various health impairments. Therefore, monitoring of heavymetals is important for safety assessment of the environment in general and human health in particular. The present river water quality study is an attempt to detect heavymetal distribution and the changes in the water quality characteristics. The main objective of the present study were to determine the distribution of some heavymetals like lead (Pb), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and cadmium (Cd) and characterize physicochemical parameters in river water. The presence of heavymetals (manganese, cadmium, iron, lead) was detected in river water samples within the ranges of 0.006 - 0.225 mg L-1, 0.00 - 0.0068 mgL-1, 0.19 - 3.124 mg L-1 and 0.00 - 0.085 mg L-1 with an overall mean of 0.071, 0.001, 0.819 and 0.030 mg L-1respectively. pH values were in the alkaline side. Small local differences were observed with no clear seasonal variations in the study area. In general the concentrations of analysed metals in the river water in the study area were well below the recommended levels for the drinking water set by the World Health Organization. The elemental concentrations in the river waters are different during the two investigation periods; the concentraions are higher during the post-monsoon season than in the monsoon season. The overall water quality of the study site remained with in the safe limits through out the study period.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55240
Title: Holocene morphological modification of South West coast of India: Evidence from the palaeo-deposits of Meenachil river basin, Kerala
Author: Ajaykumar B , Mahesh Mohan, M K Renjith, K S Unni and A P Thomas
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Meenachil river, Palaeo-deposit, texture, Sea level fluctuation, Tectonism
Abstract: Kerala State of Indian sub-continent unfortunately possesses a highly imperfect geological record compared to other states. The occurrence of Tertiary and Recent deposits as longitudinal outcrops paralleling the Western coast has led to the view that Kerala was under the influence of local marine environments to a minor extent in the geologicla past. The present study has created an insight into the morpholgical modification of the south western coast of India by depicting the textual characteristics of teh palaeo-deposits of Meenachil River Basin The existing course of the Meenachil River, its two tributaries - Pannagan Thodu and Meenadom Ar and the flood plains of the same were also investigated for textural analysis and the textural dispersion model was evolved using Arc GIS (8.3 version) to find out the influenced geomorphological configuration of the area. 14C dating of the palaeodeposits was also done to evolve the chronology of deposition. It is suggested that the occurrence of palaeo-deposits of sand in the Meenachil river basin had their origin in consequent to the Holocene eustatic sea level fluctuations and tectonism.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55239
Title: Interpretatin of the quantitative geomorphology of the Meenachil river basin, Kerala, South India using remote sensing and geographical information system
Author: B Ajaykumar, P S Rakesh, Mahesh Mohan, K S Unni and A P Thomas
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Meenachil River, Watershed, morphometry, sinuosity, geographical information system
Abstract: The variability in ground water potential at different regions of the Meenachil River basin and the remarkable presence and distribution of palaeodeposit of sand at its middle to lower reaches have led to interpret the quantitative geomorphology of the River basin for elucidating the relationship between mathematical expressions and filed observation. 846 Km2 basin area of the Meenachil River was subjected to morphometric analysis and river sinuosity index measurements. The drainage networks of 9 major sub-watersheds and 4 mini-watersheds, which are of characteristic morphometric identity, were delineated along with the total drainage distribution of the main channel of the Meenachil River right from its origin to the point at which the River develops distributaries, using remote sensing data- Geocoded FCC of IRS 1D (LISS III) coupled with the Survey of India toposheets (1: 50,000). The morphometric analysis and the calculation of the sinuosity indexes were carried out using Arc GIS (8.3 version) software. Linear aspects, relief aspect and aerial aspects of the basin were analysed and the relationships among the different aspects were interpreted. Hydraulic sinuosity index (HSI), Topographic sinuosity index (TSI) and Standard sinuosity index (SSI) were also calculated. The study draws in the remarkable relationship between theoretical data sets with filed observations and it is concluded that remote sensing coupled with GIS is a competent tool for interpreting the quantitative geomorphology of a river basin.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55238
Title: Water quality studies through GIS at Bhavani Taulk Erode district, Tamilnadu, India
Author: N Prabhakaran, N Mahendran, S Radha, B Gurugnanam and S Mahendran
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 17, No (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Ecology - Environment and Conservation
Keywords: Groundwtaer, World Health Organization (WHO), Irrigation Quality Geographic Information System (GIS)
Abstract: Hydrogeochemical investigation of the groundwater samples from Bhavani taulk of Erode district in Tamilnadu was carried out. The Study area lies between East longitude 770 25 ' 27" to 770 46 ' 58" and North Latitude 110 21 ' 18" to 220 00 ' . The total study area covered by 1495.02 Km2, in which the plain area occupies 640.43 Km2 and forest, covers an area of 854.59 Km2. The ground water condition of the taulk in semi critical 70 and 90%. The twenty five samples were collected from plain area during (May) Premonsoon 2006. The samples were collected in bore wells, open well and these wells are constantly used by the people. The groundwater is fit for drinking purposes except in few locations were TDS, Ca, K, SO4, and Cl are above the WHO limiting value. Spatially higher TDS concentration occupies an area of 145 Km2. There is no sodium hazard for irrigation but medium to high salinity affect the irrigationl. The favorable zone for irrigation is 130. 26 Km2.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None