ID: 55446
Title: Soil organic carbon and soil microbial biomass under the shiftign cultivation systems of Kangchup Hills Manipur, North-East India
Author: R K Binarani, P S Yadava and L Ibechouri
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2009
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 35, No 2-3, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Soil texture, slash and burnt site, castanopsis tribuloides, 7 year old fallow land
Abstract: The effect of soil organic carbon on the soil microbial biomass C, N and P was studied in four different shifting cultivation sites in a recent slash and burnt site - I, 3 - year fallow site - II, 7 - year old fallow site - III and a protected forest site - IV. Soil organic carbon ranged from 150.00 (March) to 4050.00 ?g g-1(August) across the sites. The soil microbial biomass C, N, P varied from 116.54 (December) to 748.27 ?g g-1(August), 9.42 (January) to 84.40 ?g g-1(August) and 6.30 (December) to 56.88 ?g g-1(August) respectively across the sites. Soil organic carbon was found to be maximum in the slash and burnt site - I followed by protected forest site - IV, 7 - year old fallow site - III and minimum in the 3 - year old fallow site - II. The protected forest site - IV exhibited the maximum microbial biomass C, N and P and minimum in recent slash and burnt site - I . A significant positive correlation between the soil organic carbon and soil microbial biomass C, N and P shows that the soil organic carbon has profound effect on the soil microbial biomass.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55445
Title: Consolidation of radionuclides in Uranium tailings at Jaduguda (Jharkhand): A case study
Author: Lal Singh, Prafulla Soni and V N Jha
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2009
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 35, No 2-3, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: U(Nat), concentration ratio, tailings, uptake, reclaimation, accumulation
Abstract: Low-grade uranium deposits discovered in Singhbhum region (Jharkhand) during early sixties have been mined and processed in several areas such as Jaduguda, Bhatin and Narwapahar since 1968. The mill tailings at Jaduguda were covered with 30 cm, thick soil layer. It is required to consolidate the radioactivity by raising plant species which do not have any socioeconomic relevance in the area and have very low uptake of radionuclides. Seven native plant species were selected for experimental trials. Distribution and concentration of U(Nat.) was evaluated in tailings pond areas at different depths in soil and tailings, and uptake of U(Nat.) by the selected plant species was estimated. The concentration of U(Nat.) followed the order: tailings> soil cover on tailings> roots > shoots. The results show that the species examined are appropriate for consolidation of radionuclide in Uranium tailings as compared to naturally occurring species which have higher radionuclide uptake and accumulation.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55444
Title: Recent land use/land cover changes in the floodplain of the highly regulated river Yamuna upstream of Delhi
Author: Radha Raman
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2009
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 35, No 2-3, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Floodplain agriculture, fluvial morphology, River Channel Morphology, river regulation, meandering, Riparian vegetation. sinuosi
Abstract: River Yamuna, the largest tributary of River Ganga, has been extensively regulated by construction of several barrages and embankments. A barrage, constructed in 1872 at Tajewala (now a few km upstream at Hathnikund) diverts almost all of its water for irrigation, except during the rainy season. The vast floodplain of the river downstream have been brought under agriculture, industry and urban settlements by increasingly greater channelisation by constructing embankments on both sides of the river. Consequently, the riverine ecosystem has undergone rapid degradation in many ways. This paper presents data on the changes in river morphology and in the land use/land cover of the remaining floodplain over a 85-km stretch upstream of Delhi. The information available from the 1970 topographic maps and the 2002 satellite imageries have been analysed through the tools of GIS, and ground servey of the entire area. The study shows the loss of meanders, side channels and floodplain water bodies and a decreases in sinuosity (straightening of the river course). The floodplain as well as the river channel are under cultivation and sand mining occurs indiscriminately. Consequently, the vegetation of the river bank is completely lost and the aquatic/wetland vegetation on the floodplain is extremely rare. The observed changes are related directly or indirect to the intensive river regulation, especially its flow. It is suggested that both flow and habitat restoration are required for rehabilitating the river ecosystem for its goods and services traditionally and culturally valued by the human population.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55443
Title: Pollination ecology and breeding system of Impatiens trichocarpa Hook. f. (Balsaminaceae): An endemic Balsam of Western Ghats
Author: S K Kulloli and A K Sreekala
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2009
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 35, No 2-3, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Anthesis, pollination, stigma receptivity, Western Ghats, Xenogamy
Abstract: A study of floral phenology, pollen production, foraging nature of flower visitors and breeding systems were studied in Impatiens trichocarpa Hook. f. an endemic balsam of Western Ghats. The flowers are beautifully coloured and open in the night and continue up to morning. Anther dehisced one day before anthesis which confirmed the protandrous condition of the flower. Stigmas are receptive at the time of anthesis and remains so far 20 hour. Flowers offer pollen and nectar to the visitors. Honey bees, hawk moths, butterflies, flies etc are the major pollinators of Impatiens trichocarpa. Manual pollinations revealed that the species permits geitonogamous and xenogamous type of pollinations. The percentage of fruit set in manually pollinated flowers is higher than that resulting from open pollination. Its high altitude habitat, narrow environmental niche, fragmentation of populations, low percentage of seed germination and floral damage caused by the insect could be the reasons for its limited distribution in the wild.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55442
Title: Chhattisgarh forest policy at the crossroads: An institutional interpretation
Author: Dinesh K Marothia
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2009
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 35, No 2-3, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Chhattisgarh Forest Policy, distributed governance, Joint Forest Management, Non-timber Forest prouducts, Biodiversity
Abstract: After the formation of the new state, Government of Chhattisgarh (GOCG) has prepared Chhattisgarh Forest Policy 2001- Unlocking Forests for People, within broad framework of 1988 Forest Policy. This paper makes an attempt to provide an institutional interpretation on the various components of Chhattisgarh Forest Policy (CFP) and goverance structure designed to achieve the goal of sustainable management of forests. Chhattisgarh is the first state in the country which formulated its forest policy within the broad framework of National Forest Policy - 1988. Distributed governance or shared management or joint management has primarily been the main approach to design the institutional mechanisms and to implement various programmes. After the formation of the state JFMCs have been nurtured to provide desired momentum. The JFMCs are practically involved in all the programmes initiated under CFP. Forest Department plays the role of a facilitator ofr these JFMCs and helps them in establishing market linkages. As a result forest committees of the State have accumulated Rs 90 million savings in their accounts. The committee members are utilizing this money for themselves and the community on sustainable basis. This clearly demonstrates that the Joint Management holds to the overall economic development of the people living in the vicinity of the forests. However, it is high time for JFMCs and FDA to design financial planning for utilizing the available fund for value addition activities associated with NTFPs and medicinal and herbal plants. It is important to realize that the institutional innovations being used for implementation of various programmes have reasonable potentialilty of adjustments in long run and may not likely to involve high transaction costs, if a few attributes of existing programmes are to be altered. There are a few gray areas in CFP which need to be addressed in the coming years. For example policy related to protected areas and wildlife sanctuaries need to be developed keeping in view co-existence of human population and wildlife and biodiversity resources. The state has prepared a well informed document on Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan with the technical support from several research organizations government departments and public representatives and NGOs. The GOCG may use this valuable input to implement biodiversity action plan. This is important in view of IPR and TRIP rights structures and WTO framework (Marothia, 1997). The state may also think to establish an umbrella organization (preferably Forest Policy Institute with research, extension and policy wings) to address the domestic and international contemporary issues in the forestry and interrelated sectors.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55441
Title: Pollination biology of Impatiens dalzellii Hook. f. and Thomson (Balsaminaceae) endemic to the Western Ghats, India
Author: S K Kulloli and A K Sreekala
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2009
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 35, No 2-3, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: protandrous, pollination biology, Western ghats, conservation
Abstract: The paper reports on the pollination biology of Impatiens dalzellii, a rare and endemic balsam of the Western Ghats. The plants flower during July to December with maximum bloom in October. The flowers last for 2-3 days. Anthesis occurs in night time (02.00-03.15 h) and dehisce one day before anthesis whcih confirms the protandrous nature of the flower. Pollen grains are spherical, tri-colporate with reticulate exine and 28.5 ?m in diameter. FCR test shows maximum pollen viability of 88% on the day of anthesis. The receptivity of stigma begins one day after anthesis and lasts until the late morning. Honeybees, hawk moths, butterflies and flies forage at the flower but honeybees serve a better pollinator. Pollen grains are deposited on the dorsal surface of the thorax during honeybee visit to the flowers and stigma rubs the pollen coated thorax and is pollinated when the bees visit the flowers of other plants. There is high level of xenogamy. Pollination efficiency under field condition is very poor which results in low fruit set but manual pollination enhanced the rate of fruit set up to 75%. Different pollination experiments confirmed that, the species is self-incompatible. None of the self-pollinated flowers sets fruits, but over 75% of the cross-pollinated flowers set fruits. Seed germination was also limited to 20%. The species is poorly distributed due to biotic and abiotic factors all of which either alone all in combination are responsible for the limited distribution of this species in the Western Ghats.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55440
Title: Conservation tillage effects on crop yield, carbon accumulation and soil nitrogen transformation in rice-wheat systems in Northern India
Author: Neelam and S R Gupta
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2009
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 35, No 2-3, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Crop yield, N uptake, soil carbon and nitrogen, zero-tillage, nitrogen mineralization
Abstract: The effect of different tillage practices was determined on crop yield, carbon accumulation, and soil nitrogen availability in a rice-wheat agricultural system (located at Uchana, 290 51 ' N, 760 57 ' E and 245 m above mean sea level) in northern India. The rice crop was grown under conventional practices and wheat crop under zero-tillage (ZT), conventional tillage (CT) and furrow-irrigated raised bed (FIRB). The zero-tillage in wheat had a favorable effect on soil carbon and nitrogen, crop yield, carbon accumulation and nitrogen uptake. In rice crop, the grain yield varied from 6026 to 6105 kg ha-1, being higher in zero-tillage system. The accumualtion of carbon in grain, straw and roots of wheat varied from 4657.99 to 5147.21 kg C ha-1. The carbon accumulation in rice ranged from 5662.47 to 5923.63 kg C ha-1. Total nitrogen uptake in grain, straw and roots of wheat was (kg N ha-1): 154 zero-tillage; 139 furrows irrigated raised bed; 124 conventional tilalge. The efficiency of nitrogen uptake in rice crop was 52.30 to 55.69% and that in wheat crop varied from 61.39 to 69.81%. The soil inorganic N in different tillage systems was (?g NO3- - N + NH4- - Ng-1 soil): 9.57 to 16.23 (CT); 4.18 to 15.90 (ZT); 7.54 to 14.52 (FIRB). Due to amendment of straw and roots in the soil, the average soil microbial biomass N was 38.71 to 45.49 ?g N g-1soil. Nitrogen mineralization rates as percent of plant residue nitrogen during 140 days of incubation were: 27.96% (wheat straw), 14.21% (wheat roots), 20.15% (rice straw) and 13. 95% (rice roots).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55439
Title: Incidence of Galls induced by Leptocybe invasa on seedlings of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and E. tereticornis from different seed sources in Southern India
Author: John Prasanth Jacob, A Ramesh Kumar
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2009
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 35, No 2-3, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Eucalyptus, Gall chamber, nutritive tissue, seed source, susceptibiltiy, resistance
Abstract: Levels of susceptibility and resistance measured in terms of intensity of gall incidence induced by the invasive wasp Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle on seedlings of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. and E tereticornis Sm. raised from nine different seed sources in southern India have been compared. Seedlings raised from different seed sources showed variation in percentage of gall incidence, number of galls, and growth of seedlings, besides tissue-specific variation in the incidence of galls on seedlings. Under identical environmental conditions, seedlings from the seed sources Ongole red, Kennedy River, Pudukkottai, Rudrapur were severely affected, bearing several galls on petiole, midrib, and stems of new branches, whereas seedlings of the seed sources Sathyavedu I showed resistance to gall induction with a few isolated galls occurring on either petioles or midribs and rarely on stems. Severly affected seedlings were growth retarded. Anatomy of galls showed that in the seedlings that were ' resistant ' , the eggs were deposited in the cortical region outside the vascular ring, whereas in susceptible seedlings the eggs occurred in the parenchymatous tissue within the vascular ring.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55438
Title: Vermitechnology for wasteland reclamation, plant productivity and composting: A review in Indian context
Author: Madhab C Dash, K G Saxena, Sohan Giri
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2009
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 35, No 2-3, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Earthworms, native, exotic, land uses, plant productivity, composting, vermitechnology
Abstract: This paper presents a review of the existing knowledge on the application of earthworms, both native and exotic species for waste land reclamation, increasing plant productivity with reference to tea production in Indian sites, plant growth and productivity in Indian and world sites and application of vermicompost for increased plant growth in some Indian sites. The paper identifies Indian species of earthworms to be employed in vermitechnology. Based on the existing knowledge, the areas of future research and funding on vermitechnology have been identified.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55437
Title: Soil ecology, biodiversity and carbon Management
Author: S R Gupta, Neelam and Ravi Kumar
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2009
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 35, No 2-3, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Global Carbon cycle, carbon pools, Litter decomposition, litter quality, decomposition models, soil fauna, mcirobial diversity, soil biodiversity, soil carbon management
Abstract: This paper gives an overview of soil ecosystem services, soil organic matter dynamics, models of soil organic matter, biotic control of litter decomposition, patterns of soil biodiversity, and potential of soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change. Healthy soil provides a wide range of ecosystem goods and services and the value of the ecosystem services provided by soil biodiversity amounts to US $ 1.5 trillion per year. Soil texture, soil mineralogy and soil organic matter play an important role in the functioning of an ecosystem. The global carbon pools and fluxes, and soil and vegetation carbon pools at biome and regional level have been discussed. The organic matter inputs and soil carbon pools vary in different biome and ecosystems. Soil organic carbon simulation models are being increasingly used to describe soil carbon dynamics. Climate, soil fauna and litter quality regulate the rates of litter decomposition at local, regional and global scale. Litter quality has emerged as the most important direct regulator of the rates and patterns of litter decomposition at the global scale. There is much interest to analyze the effect of litter diversity, climate change and invasive species on litter decomposition rates. Modern techniques of molecular biology and high resolution microscopy elucidate the structural and functional aspects of soil biodiversity. Sustainable management and conservation of soil biota is important for conserving global biodiversity, as soil communities are species rich and affect ecosystem processes. Conservation agriculture, tree plantations on degraded lands, and agroforestry could enhance carbon storage in the soil-plant system. The integration of science, technology and traditional ecological knowledge can make substantial contribution to the science of soil ecology, ecosystem carbon management, and sustainability.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55436
Title: Artificial Islands in the Brazilian Semiarid region
Author: Arnobio De Mendonca Barreto Cavalcante and Patricy De Andrade Salles
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2011
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 37, No 1-2, March - June 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Reservoir, Landscape Fragmentation, Dryland
Abstract: Droughts in Brazil ' s semi-arid region have been recorded regularly since the start of colonization by the Portuguese in the sixteenth century. The worst one occurred in 1877-1879, during which over half the region ' s residents perished. The death toll in the state of Ceara alone was 119 thousand in 1878. As a result of this national tragedy, the government began building dams to form reservoirs. These have made a valuable contribution by providing water for humans, animals and crops. But they also have drawbacks, particularly on the landscape, causing fragmentation and creating artificial islands. Currently the state of Ceara has 130 perennial public reserves and 822 artificial islands, according to a study conducted as part of teh Ceara Continental Island Inventory Project (2006-2010). These islands range in size from 0.001 heactar (10 m2) to 78.64 ha, with shapes varying from round to highly irregular and distances from the reservoir ranging from 2 to 943 meters.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55435
Title: Effect of plantation on plant diverisity and soil status of tropical Forest Ecosystems in Meghalaya, Northeast India
Author: Namita Thapa, Krishna Upadhaya, Ratul Baishya and Saroj Kanta Vrs
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2011
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 37, No 1-2, March - June 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Tropical Forest, species richness, diversity, tree population, Wildlife Sanctuary.Northeast India
Abstract: The present study was conducted in three planted and primary forest stands in Nongkhyllem Wildlife sanctuary and its adjoining reserve forests to investigate the impact of plantation on soil properties, plant diversity, vegetation structure and regeneration status. Soil status measured in terms of soil organic carbon, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium were significantly low in the plantation as compared to primary forests. A total of 5184 individuals belonging to 127 woody species ( > 5 cm dbh) and 53 families were identified in the study area. The species richness was high (51-94) in the primary forests as compared to plantation (31-67). The basal area was high in Sal plantation (94 m2ha-1) than the other forest stands (38 -84 m2ha-1). In terms of density, Dipterocarpaceae, Verbenaceae, Lauraceae and Theaceae were the dominant families. Species richness and density decreased with increasing diameter classess in all the stands. The overall age structure based on the density of seedling, sapling and adult individuals showed a growing and healthy population in all the stands. However, the density of seedling and sapling was low in plantation as compared to primary forest. Results revealed that the plantation of monoculture tree species decreases species richness, alters vegetation composition and regeneration status and leads to low soil fertility.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55434
Title: The impact of Land use/Land Cover change on hydrological components due to resettlement activity: SWAT Model approach
Author: Haileyesus Brook, Mekuria Argaw, Hameed Sulaiman and Tamiru Alemayehu Abiye
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2011
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 37, No 1-2, March-June 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Hydrology, Land use change, resettlement, SWAT
Abstract: Modification of land use systems constitute use/land cover and hydrology. Though the qualitative impact of disappearance of forest, agricultural expansion, and modifications of other land use systems is well understood, quantified results are necessary to understand the magnitude of the effect of a proposed action plan and make informed decisions based on them. Recent advances in distributed hydrological models integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are of great help in this regard since they overcome temporal and spatial limiataions helping in quantifying these impacts for big watersheds for longer time periods. The results from the studied watersheds studied revealed that agricultural and forest covered areas significantly differed between years 1972 and 2007. A distributed hydrological model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is used in this study to quantify changes in land use/land cover that impacted hydrology of Anger Gutin resettlement area. Application of statistical analysis for fitness of observed and simulated flow values using the Nash-Sutchliffe coefficient (ENS) and correlation coeffieicnt (R2) resulted 0.725 and 0.81 respectively while validation results for the two statistical measurements were 0.62 and 0.68 respectively. Land use land cover maps of 1972, 1986 and 2007 were used as input to quantify changes that occurred as result of land use changes. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) carried out to assess significance of differences for means (P< 0.05) for outputs of SWAT in watersheds studied revealed that there is a significant difference within sub watersheds for all hydrological variables and sediment simulated except for potential evapotranspiration and sediment concentration. Sediment concentration in sub watersheds that are found in or around urban areas is found to be higher than other sub watersheds. Water yield also increased during wet seasons (May-September) by 42.61% and 40.18% in watershed one and two respectively while declined during the dry season (October - April) by 20.61% and 24.18% in watershed one and two respectively while declined during the dry season (October - April) by 20.61% and 24.18% for watersheds one and two, respectively.
Simulated results for both watersheds supported the qualitative truth that modified land use/land cover affect hydrology. From the results of the analysis of SWAT, it is concluded that the model can be used as a decision support tool before such big schemes like resettlement projects commence.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55433
Title: Spatial distribution of forest biomass using Remote Sensing and Regression Models in Northern Haryana, India
Author: Ravi Kumar, S R Gupta, Sarnam Singh, Parshant Patil and V K Dhadhwal
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2011
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 37, No 1-2, March-June 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Carbon stock, Siwaliks, Aboveground Biomass (AGB), Spectral Modeling, Weighted-area biomass, biomass carbon
Abstract: This study aims to estimate aboveground biomass and carbon stock in forests of northern Haryana covering Siwalik ranges, the foothills of the western Himalaya, in northern India. Spectral modeling of aboveground biomass was done on the basis of field data collected from 92 sampling plots of 0.1 ha across different forest types and forest densities. The field sampling, spectral responses of different bands and indices of MODIS 250m spatial resolution surface reflectance (SR) satellite data of 4 different months were used for assessing the aboveground forest biomass. Based on the relative forest area within the MODIS pixel, weighted-area biomass has been estimated to extrapolate the aboveground biomass (AGB). For geospatial distribution of the aboveground biomass, the best regression model (r2 = 0.774) between MODIS SR (250m) satellite data and the AGB was with December month red band with power function. The relationship between observed biomass and predicted biomass was highly significant (r2 = 0.722). The mean aboveground biomass varied from 30.46 Mgha-1 to 310.10 Mg ha-1 on plot basis across forest types. The predicted AGB based on MODIS data ranged from < 30 Mg ha-1to 346 Mg ha-1. For regional level AGB representation, the mean AGB within the grids of 5 x 5 km was 32 to 210 Mg. The total AGB was 26.99Tg accounting for a total carbon stock 12.96 Tg in the forests ecosystems of northern Haryana.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55432
Title: Environmental factors influencing the distribution of marine zooplankton in Buguma Creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Author: Anthony E Ogbeibu and Blessing J Oribhabor
Editor: B. Gopal, P S Pathak, A Raman, S Y Lee
Year: 2011
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, Vol 37, No 1-2, March-June 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Environmental factors, zooplankton, diversity, density, Buguma creek, Nigeria
Abstract: The composition, abundance, distribution, diversity and seasonal variation of marine zooplankton of Buguma Creek were investigated between November 2004 and October 2006 at five stations, to assess the influence of environmental factors. Thirtyseven taxa comprising 6554 individuals were recorded during the study. Station 3 had the largest number of taxa (22) and individuals (3837) whereas station 4 had the lowest number (14 and 358, respectively). Arthropods were the most important at all the stations, contribution > 95% to the totoal fauna. The rest of the fauna belonged to Coelenterata, Ctenophora, Annelida, Chaetognatha and Chordata. Hutcheson ' s t-test showed that stations 4 and 5 had significantly higher diversity (P<0.05) than stations 1,2 and 3, which were not significantly different (P>0.05). High densities of copepod and decapod crustaceans at station 3 could be attributed to increased nutrients resulting from domestic wastes dump and decay of mangrove leaves from regular cutting of mangrove. Some environmental factors which affected the distribution of zooplankton were dissolved oxygen, water level, pH, alkalinity and EdTA hardness.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None