ID: 55866
Title: Automatic roof model reconstruction from ALS data and 2D ground plans based on side projection and the TMR algorithm
Author: Jiann-Yeou Rau, Bo-Cheng Lin
Editor: George Vosselman
Year: 2011
Publisher: Elsevier, Vol 66, Issue 6S, December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Roof model reconstruction, topology reconstruction, Airborne laser scanning, TIN-Merging, Reshaping
Abstract: This paper presents an automatic roof model reconstruction method based on the side projection of airborne laser scanning (ALS) data. The proposed approach first detects the building ' s primary orientation and decomposes multi-layer roofs into a single one. Then, 3D structural lines are detected and restored from the projected point clouds. Finally, a line-based roof model reconstruction algorithm, namely TIN-Merging and Reshaping (TMR), is proposed. The originally for 3D roof modeling is to perform geometric analyis and topology reconstruction from two 2D projection and then reshapes the roof using elevation information from the 3D structural lines or ALS data. Experimental results indicate a nearly 10)% success rate for topology reconstruction can be achieved provided that the 3 D structural lines can be enclosed as polygons. However, the success rate of the Reshaping stage is dependent on the complexity of the rooftop structure. With the exception of domed and multiple orientation roofs, which are not considered in the developed method, we achieve success rates around 92-95%. As for absolute accuracy, less that 50 cm of root-mean-square error is observed in all X-Y-Z directions. The results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is robust and accurate even when a group of connected buildings with multiple layers and mixed roof types is processed.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55865
Title: Extracting roads from dense point clouds in large scale urban environment
Author: Aleksey Boyko, Thomas Funkhouser
Editor: George Vosselman
Year: 2011
Publisher: Elsevier, Vol 66, Issue 6S, December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Road extraction, global modeling, urban environment, large scale point clouds, LIDAR
Abstract: This paper describes a method for extracting roads from a large scale unstructured 3D point cloud of an urban environment consisting of many superimposed scans taken at different times. Given a road map and a point cloud, our system automatically separates road surfaces from the rest of the point cloud. Starting with an approximate map of the road network given in the form of 2D intersection locations connected by polylines, we first produce a 3D representation of the map by optimizing Cardinal splines to minimize the distances to points of the cloud under continuity constraints. We then divide the road network into independent patches, making it feasible to process a large point cloud with a small in-memory working set. For each patch, we fit a 2D active contour to an attractor function with peaks at small vertical discontinuities to predict the locations of curbs. Finally, we output a set of labeled points, where points lying within the active contour are tagged as "road" and the others are not. During experiments with a LIDAR point set containing almost a billion points spread over six square kilometers of a city center, our method provides 86% correctness and 94% completeness.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55864
Title: Sustainable management of non-timber forest produce through Joint Forest Management
Author: Ashok K Pandey, Pankaj Bhargava and M S Negi
Editor: Dr S S Negi
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 8 (a), August 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Forest management, NTFPs, marketing, collection
Abstract: Joint Forest Management (JFM) in India is an attempt to reverse the process of forest degradation on one hand, and to meet people ' s need to the other, Forest-user communities across the country have been dependent on forests for fuelwood, fodder, small timber and NTFPs for their basic needs. Under the JFM programme these communities play a special role as they have been provided access to forest produe including NTFPs to meet their basic needs in lieu of protecting, regenerating and maintaining forest in collaboration with forest department. NTFPs are critical to JFM programme because they can be a regular source of income and employment opportunities to JFM committees. JFM Committees may take role in sustainable managment of NTFP resources by focussing on (i) collection and sustainable harvesting (ii) processing and value addition; and (iii) marketing of NTFPs.
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55863
Title: Community forestry: A viable option for forest management
Author: Suman Kumar Jha, Harsha Hegde and N S Thakur
Editor: Dr S S Negi
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 8 (a), August 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Community Forestry, Forest Resources, Sustainable Forest Management and Forest Genetic Resources
Abstract: A major challenge for government agencies such as forest departments is to ensure that all staff members are well-trained and informed in the more technical areas of conserving, managing and using forest genetic resources. Moreover, progress towards greater participation in forestry and conservation will require knowledge of participatory approaches and means of implementing them. It is crucial that staff members, who deal with local communities, are trained in these matters. Another challenge is to avoid bureaucratic bottlenecks that hinder problem solution and communication not only between officials and local communities, but also between different levels within bureaucracies. Community Forest Management has adopted different approaches to protect the regenerating forests and to regulate the extraction of forest products. The idea that the local communities can protect and manager forests has gained momentum in the present day. Traditionally, the village communities have used forests even though it had remained under the custody of the ruler. As a result of the growing scarcity of forest based needs efforts were made by the local communities to protect and regenerate degraded forests. With the increasing number of such instances of forest protection by village communities, the concept of community forest management has established itself as a strong alternative to the earlier forest management practices. Community forest management means involvement of local communities in the protection, management and conservation of forest resources based on local expertise, knowledge and need. This implies a need based management system that has come to be known as a viable means to achieve sustainable forest management.
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55862
Title: A model for periodical augmentation of income of the communities involved in shelterbelt plantations
Author: M Balaji, M V Rao and N Rama Rao
Editor: Dr S S Negi
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 8 (a), August 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Casuarina equisetifolia, Eucalyptus citriodora, Essential oil, augmentation, village communities
Abstract: Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. was introduced in the shelterbelt zone in traditional plantations of Casuarina equisetifolia L. The plantations were raised in 3 ha throught the coastal Vana Samrakshana Samithi at Chippada in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh. Mixed plantations of the two species were tried in two independent blocks adopting 3 x 3 m and 2.5 x 2.5 m spacings separately. In addition, monospecific plantation of E. citriodora was tried independently in 2 x 2 m spacing. Striking difference could not be noticed in the yield of essential oil from E. citriodora obtained from the three kinds of spacings employed. However, mixed plantation with 2.5 x 2.5 m spacing gave relatively better oil yield than the other two spacings. Average essential oil yield from the entire plantation area of 3 ha during each quarter from the third year onwards was 2.334 L priced at 300/-kg. The timber yield from C. equisetifolia on their attaining commercially exploitable size after five years was approximated to be 30 m3.
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55861
Title: Utilization and management of forest resources: Under the ambit of JFM- A case study of Ausgram forest beat of Burdwan district in West Bengal
Author: Siuli Batabyal, Mobina Parveen, Jagatpati Tah and Ratan Banerjee
Editor: Dr S S Negi
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 8 (a), August 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Forest Resources, Utilization and Management, Ausgram Forest beat, JFM
Abstract: The present study was undertakne by the workers with the help of Divisional Forest Office in its Ausgram Beat area under Guskara Range alongwith the members of Forest Protection Committee. It was emphasized for the socio-economic upliftment of the rural people in its adjoining areas. Three classes of people viz. very poor, poor and middle class were considered in this context for including their livelihood status in this survey report.
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55860
Title: Joint Forest Management in Kamraj Forest division Zangli Kupwara Kashmir (J & K): A case study
Author: Sajad Razvi, Rashmi Agarwal, S Nautiyal and M Ayoub Dar
Editor: Dr S S Negi
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 8 (a), August 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Joint Forest Management, Forest Development Agencies, Village Forest Committees, National Afforestation Programme
Abstract: The policy directive issued by the government of India from time to time since the announcement of the Naitonal Forest Policy, 1988 indicate the existence of a ' learning curve ' in the process of implementation of JFM in India. This paper gives an account about the status of Joint Forest Management (JFM) in the Kamraj Forest Division, Zangli Kupwara of Jammu and Kashmir. The land holding pattern in the state is totally different from the other states as most of the land belongs to forest department. The JFM was formally adopted in J & K state by issuing a notification SRO 61 dated 19-03-1992. The concept of JFM caught up in the State though formation of VFCs. At present 1599 VFCs are functioning over the state, both with social forestry projects and the territorial wings of forest department and around 10000 ha of land is under rehabilitation with the assistance anad participation of VFCs. In Kamraj Forest Division, 58 VFC ' s are working and an area of 1500 ha land has been rehabilitation with the assistance and participation of VFCs. In Kamraj Forest Division , 58 VFCs are working and an area of 1500 ha land has been rehabilited by National Afforestation Programme from 2003 to 2007.
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55859
Title: Status of Joint Forest Management plantations on removal of physical barriers in Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka
Author: G T Hegde, I K Murthy, N H Ravindranath and D M Bhat
Editor: Dr S S Negi
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 8 (a), August 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Joint Forest Management, Community protection, regeneration, diversity, Uttara Kannada district, Western Ghats
Abstract: Six villages practicing Joint Forest Management were selected in Uttara Kannada district, Western Ghats for comparing the status of JFPM plantations over the period of five years (1999-2000 to 2004 -05) of physical protection and watchman. Species number, species diversity stem density, basal area and biomass of planted species, recruits and shrub density and diversity were compared between two observations in all the selected villages. All village forests experienced decrease in number of stems and species, while registered increase in shrub species density and diversity. The basal area of trees over a period of five years in absence of protection also has increased. Statistically significant decrease in stem density of planted species in the plantations of all villages was recorded (42%). The difference in basal area, aboveground biomass and cut stems of planted exotic species and natural species between two observations was statistically significant. The significant change in number of cut stems during the period of community protection indicates diversion of pressure. The significant increase in shrub density and species diverstiy revealed the partial success of community protection against the grazing and anthropogenic pressure. The study indicates that the JFPM programme should develop strategies that incorporate various measures to conserve and protect the village forests.
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55858
Title: People ' s participation in forest management
Author: Harsha Hegde, Samom Khelen Singh, Nagaraj Hegde, N S Thakur and S K Jha
Editor: Dr S S Negi
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 8 (a), August 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Socio-economic incentives, Forest Development, Local communities, Forest resources, conflicts and constraints
Abstract: The effective and meaningful involvement of local communities has been attempted under the Joint Forest Management System in India by linking socio-economic incentives and forest development. Now it is realized that, true participation may lead to more effective conservation of forest resources. Based on the information from States as of March 2006, 106,482 committees are protecting 22.01 million ha of forests. People ' s participation in forest management brought some of the positive changes like Change in attitude and relationship, improvement in the condition of the forest, reduction in encroachment rate, increase in the income, etc. Effort should be made to reduce the conflicts and need to plan for the long future.
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55857
Title: Reorienting community instituions: for cohesive management of natural resources
Author: R S Pathan
Editor: Dr S S Negi
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 8 (a), August 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Structural frame, Empowerment , institutionalisation, coherency, reorientation
Abstract: Establishing organic unity through structural changes and devolution of authority in favor of communities, as envisaged under various schemes of Rural Development or National Afforestation Programme in India, appear to be challenging task as the activities area solely physical and confined to a brief period of a year or two. The community institutions, otherwise under severe external influences, may need reoreintation through matching social inputs and inspiring follow-ups else the organic unity that anchored in institutional strength may remain at larges.
Reorienting the social institution, for the purpose, is a long drawn process and may have to tranverse through the identification of the status of existing coherency and factors contributing the same, the activities those preferred for cooperation, inputs necessary to establish favourable conditions for preferred activities, augmenting those factors, experiencing the activities, confidence building, trying the activity of second preference, confidence building, repeat and extending the cooperation to long term activity of conservation.
The paper attempts to suggest a fresh appproach to explore the rural intricacies related to social relationships, to generate the valuable knowledge in shaping the methods of inquiry and application in rural situations and to help in sustaining the involvement of communities in participatory natural resource management.
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55856
Title: Community conserved areas in North East India: Some observations in Assam, Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh
Author: Sudipto Chatterjee, Sonali Ghosh, Jayanta Sarma, S K Barik, B K Tewari and Kulen Chandra Das
Editor: Dr S S Negi
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 8 (a), August 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Community Conserved Areas, North -East India, Ownership, Management regimes
Abstract: Community Conserved Areas (CCAs) are a category of forests where communities have a stake or ownership and are increasingly getting recognized global recognition. CCAs across the globe area now being documented for their biological values, management regimes and conservation significance. Case studies were conducted in three states in North East India to document some of the CCAs in the regions.
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55855
Title: Joint Forest Management in retrospect
Author: V K Melkani
Editor: Dr S S Negi
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 8 (a), August 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Forest management, JFM, Stakeholders, equity, sustainability, management capacity, policy
Abstract: Joint Forest Management (JFM) has added a new dimension to the overall domain of forestry and forest management in India. As an inclusive and participatory process it attempts to build stakes for eliciting local community ' s involvement in the protection, regeneration and development of forests. Since the beginning of the initiatives with the generic guidelines from the Central government in 1990, the process of JFM has graduated to significant levels and adopted by all the States. The results of JFM implementation have so far been partners enhances. Some critical issues-building vibrant village level institutions, defined roles and responsibilities of partners, transparent set of regulations for benefit sharing among participating communities, management capacities of stakeholders for joint planning and implementation, improved co-ordination and control mechanisms have bearing on the successful outcome of JFM. These issues need to be diagnosed, refined and sincerely followed up to enable the field level interventions result in outcomes where the welfare of the local communities is genuinely linked with the wellbeing of the interface forests and the larger vision of JFM to establish people ' s institutions to take stewardship of conservation action in partnership of other government and local institutions with enhanced synergies and convergence is achieved and sustained.
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55854
Title: Systemic symbiosis management (SSM): An approach other than Joint Forest Management - The case of Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary, 1985
Author: Vinod Rishi
Editor: Dr S S Negi
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 8 (a), August 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Systemic Symbiosis Management (SSM), JFM, Eco-development, Jaldapara Wild Life Sanctuary
Abstract: More than a century before the launching of India ' s nation-wide programs of Joint Forest Management and Eco-development in 1990, Sir Dietrich Brandis, the founder of the Forest Department in India, had indicated the importance of human society in successful management of forests. India ' s experience in limited success in saving its tigers, forests, and emerging public attitude of violence against forest staff and wild animals is an alarming indicator of problem which the current approaches in forest and wildlife conservation could not address. The present case study relates to the application of an approach in which a similar situation had been handled successfully for both forest and wildlife conservation in Jaldapara wildlife sanctuary in 1985
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55853
Title: Building entrepreneurual capabilities in scheduled areas of Orissa
Author: K D Singh, Bhaskar Sinha and Pravat C Sutar
Editor: Dr S S Negi
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 8 (a), August 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Forest fringe communities, Sal leave, Entrepreneurship, marketing
Abstract: People living in the forest fringe areas in Orissa mostly survive on subsistence agriculture and forest gathering with little of cash income from selling of non-timber forest produce through local traders (called middle men). The present study aimed to empower the local community to protect, manage and market the produce in a value added form. This report describes the study concerned with marketing of sal leaves. The aim was to find if local communities can run small scale enterprise for making of plates and cups from sal leaves and sell that in the open market with profit rather than dispose sal leaves in bundles to middle man at their doorsteps. The project supported buying of the equipment and limited training in plate and cup making and then let the community run the enterprise. The experience was positive showing that the products made by community were popular in the market and fetched good prices at the rates justifying the investments.
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55852
Title: Policy changes in status of forest ownership from 1865 to 2006 - Journey from Government owned to private ownership - An analysis
Author: R K Upadhyay
Editor: Dr S S Negi
Year: 2011
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 8 (a), August 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: National Forest Policy, Forest Right Act, Forest ownership, traditional, Forest dwellers
Abstract: The Government Forest Act, 1865 was the first Central Law with wider applicability enacted in India during British rule and was applicable to Bengal, Assam, North-Western Provinces, Oudh and Punjab, Central Provinces and Bombay. Its preamble was " for better management and preservation of forests" and rights were vested in Her Majesty for the purpose of Government of India. Under this Act, forests were defined in Section (1) as " Government Forests" shall mean such land covered with trees, bushwood or jungle and the ownership of such land shall vest with Government.
Since then the status of ownership has not undergone any major change with reference to status of ownershop from 1894 Forest Policy (oldest Forest Policy) to 1988 National Forest Policy (current Forest Policy in force) as the bulk of ownership of forest land remain with Government. But now Forest Policy in India has undergone major changes leading to increased involvement of forest dependent communities in sustainably managing the forest resources on which they depend. Parliament have enacted legislation namely the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Right) Act, 2006, which recognizes the ownership right on forest land upto 4 ha per family.
Now the important debate is whether India should adopt "Doctrine of Public Trust" theory and manage forest resource by keeping it under Trusteeship under State Control (Government control) or manage it with commuity under limited contractual agreement (without giving ownership to community e.g Quasi contract) like joint forest management or shall it recognize ownership right to individual / community. Whether implementation of Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dweller Act (Recognition of Forest Right) Act 2006 (in short Forest Right Act 2006) is against the priciple of Doctrine
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None