ID: 56272
Title: In vitro anti-oxidant studies on various extracts from whole plant of Ionidium suffruticosum (Ging)
Author: Satheeshkumar D, Kottai Muthu A and Manavalan R
Editor: Dr. Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15 (1), March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Ionidium suffruticosum, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide radical activity, superoxide anion scavenging activity
Abstract: In the present study, the antioxidant potency of successive extracts (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol) of the whole plant of Ionidium suffruticosum was investigated. The free radical scavenging activity of various extracts of the whole plant of Ionidium suffruticosum was assessed by hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide radical, superoxide anion generating models. Ascorbate was used as standard and positive control for hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide scavenging methods and quercetin was used as standard and positive control for superoxide radical scavenging method. The methanolic extract of whole plants of Ionidium suffruticosum had shown very significant antioxidant activities evaluated by hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide radical, superoxide anion generating models compared to standard antioxidants. Thus the therapeutic property of the whole plant of Ionidium suffruticosum is attributed to the antioxidant principles which scavenge the free radicals responsible for pathological severity.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56271
Title: Lanthanum (III) complexes of thiocarbohydrazones
Author: Yadawe Mallikarjun S and Patil Sangamesh A
Editor: Dr. Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15 (1), March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Complexes, lanthanum, spectral study, synthesis, thiocarbohydrazones
Abstract: Several complexes of Lanthanum (III) with thiocarbohydrazones have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and spectral data. The complexes have 1:1 stoichiometry of the type La. L. NO3 H2O, La.L.Cl.H2O and La.L.NCS.H2O where ' L ' represents doubly degenerated ligand. The IR spectral data suggest that, the ligands have coordinated through azomethine nitrogen atoms and reacted through hydroxyl groups via deprotonation. The PMR spectral data support the IR inferences. On the basis of these observations it is suggested that La (III) complexes exhibit co-ordination number seven in the complexes of the type La.L. NO3. H2O and six in the type of La. L. Cl. H2O and La. L. NCS. H2O complexes. All the ligands and their La (III) complexes have been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against bacteria and fungi.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56270
Title: Removal of As(V) from aqueous solution by coagulation and ion exchange
Author: Lo Shang-Lien and Lee Ya-Ping
Editor: Dr. Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15 (1), March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Arsenic, arsenate, coagulation, exchange capacity, ion exchange
Abstract: This study was to remove As(V) from aqueous solution by using two methods: coagulation and ion exchange. In jar tests, the parameters like coagulant type, dosage, pH and turbidity were thought to affect arsenic removal during coagulation and co-precipitation. It appeared that ferric chloride was the best coagulant for the removal of arsenic and the pH of the optimum removal efficiency of arsenic increased with increasing dosage of ferric chloride. Batch experiments of ion exchange (IRA -402) were conducted to assess the effects of reaction time. pH, initial concentration of As(V) and the type and concentration of competing ions. In column tests, the average exchange capacities for As(V) of IRA-402 were 84.7~85.9 mg-As/g-resin, which were approximately appoaching the maximum exchange capacity of 80.2 mg-As/g-resin from modeling results of Langumir isotherms.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56269
Title: Wet peroxide oxidation of oilfield sludge
Author: Guolin Jing, Mingming Luan and Tingting Chen
Editor: Dr. Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15 (1), March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Wet oxidation, hydrogen perioxide, oilfield sludge and removal
Abstract: Wet peroxide oxidation (WPO) of oilfield sludge was performed in a batch reactor. Effect of reaction parameters such as residence time, reaction temperature, HE and initial concentration of oilfield sludge was investigated. The experimental results showed that wet hydrogen peroxide oxidation can effectively remove the organic compounds of the oilfield sludge. The residence time and reaction temperature are the main factors for COD removal of oilfield sludge. Initial concentration of oilfield sludge and HE are also important. When the reaction temperature is 3200C- 3400C, initial concentration of oilfield sludge is 4000 mg/L, the residence time is 9 min, then COD removal oilfield sludge could reach 88.68%. The COD removal increases with the rise of reaction temperature and residence time.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56268
Title: Study of Tin accumualtion strategy by Cyperus species in pot experiments
Author: Ashraf Muhammad Aqeel, Maah Mohd. Jamil and Yusoff Ismail
Editor: Dr. Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15 (1), March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Cyperus sp., tin, accumulation, phytoremediation, pot experiment
Abstract: The present investigation reports the result of the Sn accumulated by Cyperus sp. in a pot experiment on different levels of Sn supply (0, 0.5, 2, 6, 25, 60 mg/kg). All tested Cyperus species showed the different abilities to remove Sn which depends on species and concentrations level. Sn accumulated by the leaves, twigs and roots linearly increased with increasing Sn supply levels. The higher concentration of Sn treatments significantly promoted the Sn accumulation. Cyperus rotundus L performed the stronger ability of Sn accumulation under different Sn supply treatments, while Cyperus alternifolius and Cyperus fastigiatus Rottb. had the poorer accumulation ability. Sn in soil was more intensively absorbed in the leaves and twigs for all three Cyperus species, was not retained in roots and was transferred to above ground plant tissues. The results indicated that Cyperus Sp. has excellent potential for Sn phytoremediation because of high accumulation ability.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56267
Title: Synthesis and spectral studies of some Lanthanide complexes with Tridentate Thiosemicarbazone Ligand
Author: Dubey Raj Kumar and Mariya Ayesha
Editor: Dr. Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15 (1), March 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Neodymium (III) chloride, gadolinium (III) chloride, samarium (III) chloride, yttrium (III) chloride and /Schiff base comples/FAB-MS/IR studies/ ' H-NMR/13C - NMR / XRD analysis
Abstract: Lanthanide complexes of the type [(Cl)2Ln(L) (H2O)4] and [(Cl)Ln(L)2(H2O)3] [where Ln=Nd(III), Gd(III), Sm (III) & Y (III), L = Schiff base ligand; salicylidene-thiosemicarbazide (stscH)] were synthesized and characterized by various physico-chemical techniques. The complexes were found to be coloured solid and were highly soluble in methanol, ethanol, DMF and DMSO. These complexes have been characterized by elemental (Ln, C, H, N, & analysis and spectral (Ir, ' H- and 13C-NMR) data, whereas the structure of the complexes has been tentatively determined by FAB-MS spectral studies. X-ray powder diffraction of one of the coplex was recorded on Rigaku Model D/Max-2200 PC using Cu-K?1 radiation (? = 1.5406?). The crystallite size of the complex [C(Cl)2 Gd(L)(H2O)4] is 193.04 ?.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56266
Title: An investigatin of socio-economic indexes and abnormality patterns relationship in the cities (Urban Sociology Approach)
Author: Esmaeel Ghasemi, Susan Sahami and Nader Zali
Editor: Prof Natarajan Gajendran
Year: 2012
Publisher: Indian Society for Education and Environmetn (iSee), Vol 5, Issue: 2, February 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Indian Journal of Science and Technology
Keywords: Drug addiction, Fars province, Iran
Abstract: Rapid urbanization in the recent decades led to emerging some important social problem in the cities. It is now widely accepted that urbanization is as much a social process as it is an economic and territorial process. It transforms societal organizations, the role of the family, demographic structures, the nature of work, and the way we choose to live and with whom. It also modifies domestic roles and relations within the family, and redefines concepts of individual and social responsibility. This article focuses on relationship between socio-economic indexes and pattern of drug use as urban sociology approach among drug addicts in the city of Fasa of Fars province in Iran. The theoritical framework of this study is theories of Pierre Bourdieu - French sociologist about action and capital. This work was conducted in form of survey method with data being gathered via questionnaire. Case study is 190 drug addict people of city of Fasa which selected using cluster method randomly. The research results showed that there is a significant relationship between economic and social bases of drug addicts and type of their used drugs. Another finding of this study is the existence of significant relationship between sex, residence, age, occupation status and person ' s attitude toward self economic status adn type of their used drugs. Also the results of this research indicated that there is no significant relationship between residence of people and their marital status and type their used drugs.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56265
Title: The barriers of educational devleopment in rural areas of Iran
Author: Abrisham Aref and Khadijeh Aref
Editor: Prof Natarajan Gajendran
Year: 2012
Publisher: Indian Society for Education and Environmetn (iSee), Vol 5, Issue: 2, February 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Indian Journal of Science and Technology
Keywords: Barriers of education, Rural development, Poverty
Abstract: This paper looks at the barriers of educational development in rural areas of Iran. The study is a descriptive-qualitative-library research. The results obtained from qualitative research, indicated that there are some barriers at the national level for rural educational development (lack of understanding of the educational policy and lack of access to new informationin rural areas). The findings also indicated that there are some obstacles at the local and organizational levels, such as: the poor conditions of rural school, irrelevant rural educational programs, long distances, poor roads, and unavailable instructional materials and equipment. The findings of this study can assist rural developers in the implementation of educational development strategies based on the national, local and organizational barriers.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56264
Title: Analysis of land readjustment (LR) methods used in Joibareh, Iran
Author: Hossein Zabihi and Sohaila Hamidzadeh Khiavy
Editor: Prof Natarajan Gajendran
Year: 2012
Publisher: Indian Society for Education and Environmetn (iSee), Vol 5, Issue: 2, February 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Indian Journal of Science and Technology
Keywords: Land readjustment, participatory housing, Joibareh, Iran
Abstract: This research attempts to use participative approach in development planning and its effects in Joibareh, in Isfahan province of Iran. Joibareh ' s participatory housing project is one of the positive approaches to facilitate planned development through sufficient supply of serviced plans for housing. This paper evaluates overall implementation of land repotting project in Joibareh. Concept of land readjustment method, urban land development and implementation of housing participatory Joibareh project are introduced and finally the paper is concluded by making recommendations to improve the future works in order to achieve the urban planning objectives in Iran. The result show that public participation in Joibareh participatory housing project provides some ways that individuals and owners can participate in the content of transferring their lands, even though it is limited, and participation of the people and cost and benefits are not defined.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56263
Title: Monitoring and modeling the urban growth of mid-size cities in Iran by Markov model: the case study of Zanjan city
Author: Akbar Asghari Zaman and Saeed Maleki]
Editor: Prof Natarajan Gajendran
Year: 2012
Publisher: Indian Society for Education and Environmetn (iSee), Vol 5, Issue: 2, February 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Indian Journal of Science and Technology
Keywords: Land Use Change, satellite Remote Sensing, GIS, Markov chain, urban growth, Zanjan
Abstract: Rapid land use change has taken place in many mid-sized cities of Iran such as Zanjan over the past three decades. This research analyzed the land use/cover change Zanjan from 1965 to 2005; identified the patterns of urban growth and the fragmentation of the urban space by applying GIS and remote sensing tools. The main driving forces of the urban changes were analyzed and the model to predict the land use/cover changes was applied. Our results show the importance of monitoring and modeling of rapid urban growth for attaining sustainable mid-sized cities in developing countries that are strongly dependenet on export of natural resources. The results indicated that there had been a notable and uneven urban growth and a major loss of cropland loss between 1965 and 2005. Most of the urban growth and loss of agriculture land occurred in inner and outer suburbs. This research analyzed the land use/cover change Zanjan from 1965 to 2005, identified the patterns of urban growth and the fragmentation of the urban space, applying GIS and remote sensing tools. We believe that in urban growth modeling process there has been multi social- economical and physical elements in which have key rules in it, and we attempted to use some of them.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56262
Title: Evaluation of water delivery and irrigation performances at field level: the case of the Menemen Left Bank irrigation district in Turkey
Author: N Korkmaz and M Avci
Editor: Prof Natarajan Gajendran
Year: 2012
Publisher: Indian Society for Education and Environmetn (iSee), Vol 5, Issue: 2, February 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Indian Journal of Science and Technology
Keywords: Water delivery performance, Irrigation performance, surface irrigation, Turkey
Abstract: In this study, an evaluation was made of water delivery and irrigation performances in the Menemen Left Bank irrigation district at field level on the basis of farmers ' irrigations. Water delivery performance was determined by the indicators of adequacy, efficiency, dependability and equity, and irrigation performance was determined according to the indicators of water application, water storage, uniformity coefficient, and distribution uniformity. These indicators were calculated from the amounts of water which was actually applied and which should have been applied and from soil moisture values for the irrigation seasons of 2005 and 2006. Water delivery performance was found to be fair in the first year and good in the second year with regard to adequacy, good in the first year and fair in the second year for efficiency, fair in the first year and good in the second year for dependability, and poor in the first year and fair in the second year for equity. Two-year averages varied between 50 and 80% for water application efficiency, 54 and 97% for water storage efficiency, 73 and 88% for uniformity coefficient, and 68 and 82% for distribution uniformity. These results showed that irrigation efficiency and uniformity are generally at attainable levels for surface irrigatoin.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56261
Title: Use of AFM technique to study the nano-silica effects in concrete mixture
Author: Behtash Amiri, Ali Bahari, Aref Sadeghi Nik, Adel Sadeghi Nik and Naser Salman Movahedi
Editor: Prof Natarajan Gajendran
Year: 2012
Publisher: Indian Society for Education and Environmetn (iSee), Vol 5, Issue: 2, February 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Indian Journal of Science and Technology
Keywords: Nanotechnology, concrete, nano silica and AFM technique
Abstract: Nano structural properties of concrete can be studied with considering the variations of the nano silica/Si ratio, the silicate structure, and the contents of Si-OH in the mixture using X-Powder method, AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) and X- Ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. We have thus synthesized the nano silica particles by employing sol-gel method. The obtained results are led to a new aspect of the silicate-hydrate, which helps to establish quantitative relations between the nano structure and bulk properties.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56260
Title: Effect of nitrogen and potassium levels on yield and some of the agronomical characteristics in Mustard (Brassica juncea)
Author: Seyedeh Neda Mozaffari, Babak Delkhosh and Amirhossein Shirani Rad
Editor: Prof Natarajan Gajendran
Year: 2012
Publisher: Indian Society for Education and Environmetn (iSee), Vol 5, Issue: 2, February 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Indian Journal of Science and Technology
Keywords: Agronomical characteristics, mustard, nitrogen, postassium, yield
Abstract: A field experiment was carried out at Qazvin-Iran during 2009-2010 to assess the effect of different levels of nitrogen (N0, N75, N150 and N225 kg ha-1) and potassium (K0, K45, K90, and K135 kg ha-1) on yield and some of the agronomical characteristics in Mustard (Brassica juncea). Experiment was conducted as factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that increased amount of nitrogen and potassium up to 225 kg N ha-1 and 135 kg K ha-1 respectively had a positive and significant (p<0.01) effect on thousand seed weight (TSW), seed yield (SY) and seed oil yieldv (SOY). The maximum and minimum of the above mentioned traits were observed in the treatment N225, K135 kg ha-1 and N0, K0 kg ha-1 respectively. However, increased levels of nitrogen and potassium had a significant effect on seed oil percentage (SOP) and harvest index (HI) but showed no consistent trend. The highest and lowest values of seed oil percentages were obtained in the treatment of N75, K90 kg ha-1 and N0, K0 kg ha-1 also the maximum and minimum of harvest index were recorded in the treatments N225, K90 kg ha-1 and N75, K0 kg ha-1 . Moreover the results indicate that the interaction effect of nitrogen and potassium on all of the characters being studied was significant (p<0.01).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56259
Title: Measurement of surface ozone in the year 2011 at different sites over Tamil Nadu, India
Author: R Samuel Selvaraj, B Milton Boaz, C P Sachithananthem, K Padma, S Steephen Rajkumar Inbanathan, G Kanmani Rajaselvi, P Indira and S P Vlmalpriya
Editor: Prof Natarajan Gajendran
Year: 2012
Publisher: Indian Society for Education and Environmetn (iSee), Vol 5, Issue: 2, February 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Indian Journal of Science and Technology
Keywords: Surface ozone, diurnal cycle, meteorological parameters, anthropogenic sources, VOCs, NOx
Abstract: The Ozone concentration is influenced by the intensity of solar radiation and chemical reaction between oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC) in the presence of sunlight. This study aspires to asses distribution of the surface zone concentration, characteristics of hourly and daily mean surface Ozone with different climatic parameters, such as temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed over Tamil Nadu. Measurement was carried out at 11-stations (except this study no data is made available) having different weather conditions during the period from 8th June to 7th July of the year 2011. We were the first researchers visited most of the district of Tamil Nadu state and measured surface Ozone. We have made an effort to identify areas where there is elevated surface Ozone concentration. Results of this study reveals that hourly and daily mean values of ground level Ozone concentration in Tamil Nadu was 0.0109ppm and 0.0108ppm respectively. The highest ground level Ozone concentration was in Kanniya Kumari district (0.0179 ppm). The lowest was in Cuddalore district (0.0038 ppm). During the study period, the concentration of ground level Ozone over Tamil Nadu had never exceeded the prescribed value (0.075 ppm). The results of this study show that ground level Ozone concentration has a positive correlation with the temperature and negative correlation with the relative humidity and wind speed.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56258
Title: Evaluating the precision of growing stock estimation and determination of industrial and fuel wood volumes of beech trees in northern of Iran
Author: Iraj Hassanzad Navroodi
Editor: Prof Natarajan Gajendran
Year: 2012
Publisher: Indian Society for Education and Environmetn (iSee), Vol 5, Issue: 2, February 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Indian Journal of Science and Technology
Keywords: Beech trees, industrial volume, fuel wood volume, Guilan, Iran
Abstract: The precision of growing stock were assessed. Industrial & fuel wood volumes of beech trees in Shanderman District was surveyed. For this purpose, 10% of the annual marked trees for loggings were randomly selected in five parcel from this District. After measuring the diameter at breast height (DBH) to estimate th volume of trees by Tariff table, the trees were cut; the volumes of the industrial woods of trees were computed by using Huber ' s formula. The volume of fuel woods with diameter above 12 cm also were calculated by Huber ' s method and the diameter below 12 cm were estimated as ester. The results indicated that there were significant differences between estimation of total tree volumes by Tariff table and the total volumes of cut trees at 0.01 confidence levels. The suitable model for relationship between DBH and total volumes was a parabolic model. Industrial and fuel wood volumes of beech trees were 68.9% and 31.1% in the study area, respectively (at 95% confidential). The mean industrial volume of beech trees to total volume was between 61.1% & 76.7% adn fuel wood volume was between 26.49% & 35.71%.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None