ID: 57562
Title: Chromatographic separation and determination of Cd (II) by means of newly synthesized ion exchange resin
Author: Loonker Sangeeta, Kharadiya Saurabh and Rehdu Nitin
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Ion exchange resin, nitrogen content, metal separation
Abstract: A newly synthesized (DVBS-mABA) ion exchange resin was synthesized for the separation and determination of Cd using column chromatography. IR spectroscopy data confirm the successful incorporation of chelating agent into polymeric data. Standard methods were used for resin characterization like nitrogen content, bulk density, moisture content etc. The effectiveness of the resin is supported by distribution coefficient data at various pH.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57561
Title: Pretreatment of cyclohexanone manufacturing wastewater by iron-carbon micro-electrolysis
Author: Li Dongwei, Jiao Binquan and He Xiaoman
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Cyclohexanone manufacturing wastewater, iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, COD removal
Abstract: On the base of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis treatment technology, an important cyclohexanone manufacturing wastewater pretreatment technology is presented. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the wastewater is 30000~40000 mg/L, the chromaticity is 500~1024 times and the initial pH is 2~4. And the three factors i.e. iron -carbon quality ratio, the initial pH of inflow and reaction time were investigated. The experimental results show that the removal rate of COD can reach 55.35% for the wastewater at optimal pH of 2~3 after 4 hours pretreatment with air release. Pretreatment can improve the biochemical availability of the wastewater. As shown in the gas chromatography of outflow, pretreatment can split organic molecules into simpler ones.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57560
Title: A convenient synthesis of ethoxyphthalimide derivatized quinazoline assembled isoxazoles and pyrazoles via common intermediate Chalcone
Author: Dangi Raja Ram, Hussain Nasir, Pemawat Gangotri and Talesara G L
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Quinazoline, isoxazole, pyrazole, isatoic anhydride, bromoethoxyphthalimide
Abstract: In the present investigation, synthesis of 3-[4-{5-(4-substitutedphenyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl}phenyl]-1-N-ethoxyphthalimidoquinazoline-2,4-dione(5-a-d) and 3-[4-{5-(4-substitutedphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl}phenyl]-1-N-ethoxyphthalimidoquin-azoline-2,4-dione (6a-d) is described. Nucleophilic aza substitution on isatoic anhydride with p-aminoaetophenone gave 3-(4-acetylphenyl) quinazoline-2,4-dione (1). This on Claisen condensation with various aromatic aldehydes (2a-d) yields the corresponding 3-{4-[3-(4-substitutedphenyl) prop-2-enoyl]phenyl}quinazoline -2,4-dione (3a-d) derivatives.
This was condensed by bromoethoxyphthalimide to afford - [4-{3-(4-substitutedphenyl)prop-2-enoyl}phenyl]-1-N-ethoxyphthalimidoquinazoline-2,4-dione (4a-d). These compounds (4a-d) were cyclized separately with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and phenyl hydrazine in ethanolic media to give two series of final compound (5a-d) and (6a-d). Structures of synthesized compounds have been assigned on the basis of their analytical and spectral data.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57559
Title: Isolation, identification and media optimization of Thermostable alpha galactosidase producing Geobacillus sp
Author: Chavan Sanjay and Sabharwal Sushma
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Geobacillus sp, Alpha galactosidase, media optimization
Abstract: Thermophilic alpha galactosidase producing bacteria have been isolated by enrichment of the soil samples with soybean meal for 24 hrs at 600C. The isolated strain is aerobic and gram positive growing optimally at pH 8.0. This bacterial strain was identified as a Geobacillus sp. by its colony morphology and biochemical tests. The growth pattern of the bacteria was studied at various stress conditions. The alpha galatosidase activity was detected in the culture filtrate after 15 hours of incubation period. The bacterial strain used different carbohydrates as the carbon source; however the maximum production of alpha galactosidase occurred when 1.5% (w/v) soybean meal was used. The use of organic nitrogen favored the prodution of alpha galactosidase in the isolated strain compared to inorganic nitrogen sources.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57558
Title: Different tissues of rock oyster Saccostrea cucullata as biomonitors of trace metal bioavailablities in the Penang coastal waters, Malaysia
Author: Yap C K, Mohd Ruszaidi S and Cheng W H
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Saccostrea cucullata , trace metal bio-availabilities, Penang ' s Bridge
Abstract: Rock oyster (Saccostrea cucullata) collected from Penang ' s Bridge of Peninsular Malaysia were dissected into gill, muscle, mantle and remainder. All the 4 different soft tissues and shells were analyzed for Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn by using a flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The small sized group oysters (-2.5-5.5 cm longitudinal length of flesh) generally accumulated higher concentrations of cd, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn when compared to big sized group oysters (6-8.5 cm longitudinal length of flesh).
The metal data found in this study were low in comparison to other polluted oyster populations in the literature. When compared to food safety guidelines, the concentrations of Zn in all the different soft tissues of oysters were above typical public health recommended limits. Overall, the baseline data can be used for regular ecological monitoring, considering the domestic and industrial growth besides heavy ferry and shipping activities around this important Island in Peninsular Malaysia.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57557
Title: Degradation of lubricating oil in soil under natural environment: A gravimetric and gas chromatographic analysis
Author: Sarma P C and Bhattacharyya Krishna Gopal
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Lubricating oil chromatogram, persistent pollutants, porosity, remediation, soil organic carbon, soil pH, Texture, water holding capacity
Abstract: As a part of a series of soil remediation experiments involving crude oil and different refined petroleum products in order to investigate the extent of degradation of the oil at a stipulated time and to identify the persistent components; of lubricating oil in soil were recovered by Soxhlet extraction in a 90 days experiment. Gravimetric determination shows that 56.60, 57.74 and 44.82 percent degradation has occurred in the three samples having 1000, 5000 and 10, 000 ppm applied pollutant concentrations respectively.
Gas chromatographic separation of the recovered oils was done. It has been found that 64, 53 and 67 components and derivatives/degradation products taken together were found in the three soil samples. 32 peaks have been identified to be due to common compounds in the G C chromatograms on the basis of their similar retention time and percentage abundance indicating their persistency during the period.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57556
Title: Oxidation of naphthalene in supercritical water
Author: Guolin Jing, Shaopeng Qin, Ming Li and Shulin Li
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Supercritical water, oxidation, naphthalene, removal
Abstract: Naphthalene was selected and its oxidation in supercritical water was investigated. The experimental results showed that when the reaction temperature is 693K, pressure is 24 MPa, the residence time is 10 min and then the naphthalene removal could reach 97.6%. The residence time and reaction temperature are the main factors for naphthalene removal of oilfield sludge. The removal increases with the rise of reaction temperature and residence time. Reaction pressure and original concentration of oxygen are also important, but when the reaction pressure and oxidant concentration reach a certain value, the naphthalen removal changes little.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57555
Title: Communicating Scientific Principles of Ecology: A Manual on Waste Management
Author: None
Editor: Brij Gopal
Year: 2011
Publisher: National Institute of Ecology, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Communicating Scientific Principles of Ecology: A Manual on Waste Management
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57554
Title: Variation in growth, physiology and yield of four chickpea cultivars exposed to cadmium chloride
Author: Shahla Faizan, Saima Kausar, Rubina Perveen
Editor: Dr R C Dalela
Year: 2012
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 33, No 6, November 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Cadmium, chickpea cultivars, growth variations
Abstract: Cadmium is a highly toxic metallic pollutant which adversely affects plant growth. A green house experiment was conducted to study the variation in growth, yield and proline content of four chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) cultivars namely ICC1069, ICC12422, ICC7589 and ICC4969 at two plant growth stages (30 and 60 days after sowing), treated with 0, 25, 50, and 100 mg Cd kg-1 soil. Plant growth, plant fresh weight, plant biomass, leaf area, total photosynthetic area, carbonic anhydrase activity, yield and proline content exhibited a dose-dependent response to Cd on four cultivars of Cicer arietinum L. The shoot and root length showed a reduction of 10.02, 10.63, 12.97, 7.93 and 4.95, 6.09, 7.85, 9.23% in all the four cultivars respectively, whereas shoot and root dry weight showed a reduction of 18.82, 27.61, 11.27, 44.59 and 10.63, 4.89, 3, 11.94% in all the cultivars respectively at 50 mg Cd kg-1 soil at 30 days of growth stage. It was a general observation from the results that the all the parameters of plants were reduced in a concentration-duration dependent manner. However, the proline content of leaf is increased with the increase in Cd concentration. It showed an increase of 15.66, 17.5, 18.42 and 23.61% at 100 mg Cd kg-1 soil at 30 days of growth stage. Maximal significant reductions in the growth characteristics were observed with 100 mg Cd kg-1 soil in all the cultivars in both the samplings. Among cultivars, ICC 1069 proved tolerant and showed lesser decrease in the growth characteristics, whereas ICC4969 proved as non-tolerant and showed maximum decrease in the growth characteristics.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57553
Title: Determination of microbial quality and plasmid - mediated multidrug resistant bacteria in fountain drinking water sources in Turkey
Author: Sayim Akturk, Sadik Dincer, Sevil Toroglu
Editor: Dr R C Dalela
Year: 2012
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 33, No 6, November 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Fountain drinking water sources, Antibiotic resistance, fecal coliform, plasmid profile
Abstract: The bacterial contamination as the total aerobic bacteria, coliform and fecal coliform numbers were determined and analyzed for temperature, pH, conductivity and dissolved oxygen in seasonally collected water samples from fifteen different stations placed in Adana-Tufanbeyli road line during March 2008-January 2009. In addition, antibiotic resistance profiles of isolates were examined against frequently used antibiotics, and analyzed plasmid DNA of multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR) isolates. Total aerobic bacteria in fountain water samples was determined as 3 x 103 CFU ml-1 and total and fecal coliforms were determined 460 MPN/100 ml. Results obtained from biochemical analysis showed that 121 of the isolates were Proteus vulgaris, 69 Escherichia coli, 51 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 28 Citrobacter spp. According to these results, the existence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in stations 2 and 10, and Streptococcus faecalis in stations 11 and 15 respectively were confirmed. Clostridium perfringens was not detected in water samples. A total of 273 isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptability by agar disc diffusion methods. A total of sixteen antibiotics were used for determination of antibiotic resistance of isolates. Resistance to bacitracin, vancomycine, cephalothin and ampicillin was detected in 77, 77, 63 and 50%, erspectively. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) value >0.25 was determined in 68.4% of identified 273 isolates and meaning of this percentage were resistant to four and more antibiotics. Plasmid DNA was isolated from isolates with multiple antibiotic resistance index ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 taken randomly by agarose-gel electrophoresis, some of them contain a high-molecular weight plasmid DNA. Highlight of our study that the appearance of potential antibiotic resistances in fountain drinking water requires increased surveillance for risk assessment and prevention strategies to protect public health.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57552
Title: Phytoplankton diversity in the Parangipettai coastal waters, southeast coast of India
Author: M Rajkumar, K Thillai Rajasekar, I R Jenkinson, V Ashok Prabu, P Perumal
Editor: Dr R C Dalela
Year: 2012
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 33, No 6, November 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Phytoplankton diversity, Canonical correspondence analysis, Parangipettai coastal waters
Abstract: An investigation was carried out during June 2005 to May 2007 on hydrography, composition and community structure of phytoplankton including chlorophyll a in Parangipettai coastal waters (southeast coast of India). Air and surface water temperatures varied from 25.5 to 31.20C and from 25 to 29.30C, respectively. Salinity values varied from 5 to 33.1% and the pH ranged between 7.2 and 8.3. Dissolved oxygen content varied from 3.1 to 7.9 mg l-1 while the light extinction coefficient values (LEC) ranged between 1.8 and 11.0 cm. The range of inorganic nutrients viz., nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and silicate were: 6.5 - 27.0 ?M; 1.0 - 8.9 ?M; 0.1- 3.0 ?M and 15.0 - 140 ?M, respectively. The range of chlorophyll a was: 2.0-7.5 g ?l-1. Presently, 117 phytoplankton species representing different classes viz: Bacillariophyceae (66); Dinophyceae (22); cyanophyceae (19); chlorophyceae (7) and Chrysophyceae (3) were recorded. The phytoplankton cell abundance varied from 0.14 to 132 cells ml-1, with peak diversity (3.52 bits ind-1) during summer season. The maximum abundance was found during summer season coinciding with the stable hydrographical conditions. Canonical Correspondence Analysis was applied in this study for discriminating environmental factors effecting on phytoplankton community at species level.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57551
Title: Single dose toxicity studies of sulfated water soluble beta-D-glucan in Sprague-Dawley rats
Author: Yong Hyun Kim, Jong Yoon Paek, Hyun-Woung Shin, Man-Deuk Han
Editor: Dr R C Dalela
Year: 2012
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 33, No 6, November 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Sulfated -beta-D-glucan, Ganoderma lucidum, single dose toxicity
Abstract: The fungal beta-D-glucan is a biological response modifier (BRM), but a major obstacle to the clinical utilization of these BRMs is their relative insolubility in aqueous media. We made soluble sulfated-beta-glucan (SGL) from insoluble beta-glucan (IGL) by sulfation method. In single dose toxicity study of SGL for 7 days, no negative effects on body weight or food consumption of rats were evident below a dose rate of 2,000 mg kg-1 SGL. NO clinical pathology, functional/behavioral, or gross observations indicating toxicity were detected. In hematology and biochemistry, statistically significant increases of WBC and neutrophils (P<0.01) in male and increase of MCV (P<0.05) in females was observed. However, since the changes were not dose-responsive, the effects were considered to be of no toxicological significance. These results suggest that chemically modified sulfated -beta-D-glucan was less toxic than the insoluble b-glucan and not considered acutely toxic following peritoneal exposure to 2,000 mg kg-1 day-1 in Sprague - Dawley rats.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57550
Title: Studies on Oecophylla smaragdina as a bio-control agent against pentatomid bug infesting on Pongamia tree
Author: B B Hosetti, B S Rudresh
Editor: Dr R C Dalela
Year: 2012
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 33, No 6, November 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Biological control, Oecophylla smaragdina, Pentatomid bug, Pongamia pinnata, Cyclopelta siccifolia, weaver ants
Abstract: Weaver ants, (Oecophylla smaragdina) have been found to predate on pentatomid bug (Cyclopelta siccifolia) infesting Pongamia pinnata tree in mid-western Ghat region of Shimoga district, Karnataka. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential of weaver ants, that are abundant on P. pinnata trees, to control teh pentatomid bugs. Consistent and systematic field surveillance was carried ouit for a period of two months, March and July 2010. This showed that the number of pentatomid bugs colony found on branches of tree was significantly lower in tree with abundant weaver ants (11.21-16.84%) than in trees with fewer weaver ants (26.51- 38.24%), or in trees without ants (61.42-75.47%) similarly, the branches damaged by pentatomid bug (9.42 - 11.43%) their in trees with abundant weaver ants which was significantly lower than in trees with fewer weaver ants (16.13-23.24%) and without ants (38.42-51.47%) in March and July. The pentatomid bug colony and their damage was significantly low on trees with abundant weaver ants than with fewer ants, or without the ants. Field observations regarding infestation of pentatomid bugs revealed that weaver ants are effective naturally occurring biological agents help in controlling damage caused by pentatomid bugs on Pongamia trees.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57549
Title: Phytotoxicity of heptachlor and endosulfan sulfate contaminants in soils to economic crops
Author: Khanitta Somtrakoon, Sununta Pratumma
Editor: Dr R C Dalela
Year: 2012
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 33, No 6, November 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Endosulfan, heptachlor, organochlorine, phytotoxicity, crop
Abstract: The intensive use of organochlorine in the past decades has resulted in contamination of soil worldwide. The phytotoxicity of two organochlorine pesticide, endosulfan sulfate and heptachlor, on the early growth stage of sweet corn (Zea mays), waxy corn (Zea mays) cowpea (Vigna sinensis), cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and water morning glory (Ipomoea aquatica) were studied. In the range of concentration found in Thai agricultural soil, 0.4-40 mg kg_1 of each pesticide, did not affect the percentage of seed germination. Heptachlor seemed to affect the shoot and root length of test plants more than endosulfan sulfate. The combined effect of both pesticides to corn seedling growth was tested. There was no significant effect on combined treatment of both pesticides to corn growth. The 0.4-40 mg kg-1 concentration of endosulfan sulfate and heptachlor did not produced significant effect on early growth of plants.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57548
Title: Influence of temperature and humidity on rumen pH and fatty acids in dairy cows
Author: M Gianesella, G Piccione, C Cannizzo, S Casella, M Morgante
Editor: Dr R C Dalela
Year: 2012
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 33, No 6, November 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Dairy cows, early lactation, fatty acids, Rumen pH, Rumen acidosis
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the variations of rumen pH and fatty acids (acetic acid, propionic acid, iso-butyric acid, n-butyric acid, iso-valerianic acid, n-valerianic, caproic acid and total fatty acids) in 245 early lactating dairy cows under different temperature and humidity conditions. The animals were divided into six groups and rumen fluid was collected by rumenocentesis on 22 dairy cows in April (Group A), 33 in May (Group B), 43 in June (Group C), 48 in July (Group D), 36 in September (Group E) and 60 in October (Group F). One - way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Bonferroni ' s test, showed a significant effect of environmental variations on all studied parameters (P<0.0001). Changes in studied parameters can be explained in relation to the microbial population and shift in the optima for rumen conditions associated with variations of environmental conditions. We can affirm that the microbial assemblages that underlie energy and protein supply to wild ruminant are evident especially in relation to temperature and humidity conditions.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None