ID: 57577
Title: Screening and characterization of keratin producing bacillus megaterium and its impact on degradation of feather wastes
Author: T S Blessy Thayalin and V Prabakaran
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy, Dr P K Wong, Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2012
Publisher: Global Sciences Publications, Vol 14, No 3, 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Keratinase, bacillusmegaterium, immobilization
Abstract: Keratin is an isoluble fibrous protein that causes serious disposal problems. Keratinase, an enzyme can able to hydrolyze these insoluble keratins. The bacteria Bacillus megaterium revealed higher keratinase activity screened out of eight different bacterial strains isolated. The highest keratinase activity (72.875/U/mg) was observed at pH 7.5 in temperature 350C with substrate concentration 2% and the incubation time of 96 hours. The molecular weight of this keratinase exhibiting four protein bands of 122, 53, 42 and 32 KD analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Bacillus megaterium contained 43% and 44.5% of total free amino acids whereas the immobilized cells of Bacillus megaterium exhibited 66% and 69.5% of total free amino acids. The FTIR analysis revealed that it contains Benzothiodiazole. From this present study, the keratinous waste can be biologically degraded by enzymes or the microorganisms which play a vital role in converting waste into useful products.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57576
Title: Extracellular glucoamylase from the isolate Streptomyces albolongus (A5)
Author: T Taznin and M N Anwar
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy, Dr P K Wong, Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2012
Publisher: Global Sciences Publications, Vol 14, No 3, 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Streptomyces albolongus, amylase, optimization
Abstract: Three Streptomyces isolates (A2, A5 and RB20) were collected from the Department of Microbiology, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh. Among them isolate A5 exhibited highest amylase production at 370C temperature, medium pH 7.0 and 96 hrs of incubation period. 1.5% carbon (starch) and 1% nitrogen (yeast extract ) was found to induce amylase production by the isolate Streptomyces albolongus (A5). Maximum glucoamylase activity was observed at 500C temperature for 90 minutes and pH 7.0 along with 1% soluble starch as substrate concentration during enzyme substrate reaction.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57575
Title: Development of hydride-generation atomic absorption spectrometry for speciation of trace arsenic in environmental samples
Author: S M Talebi, M Gheisari, S P Talebi and M D Jelas-Haron
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy, Dr P K Wong, Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2012
Publisher: Global Sciences Publications, Vol 14, No 3, 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Determination of arsenic, Arsenic speciation, Hydride-generation, atomic absorption spectrometry, arsenic in environmental samples
Abstract: A method based on hydride-generation atomic absorption spectrometry equipped with cryogenic collection of hydrides and electrically heated quartz absorption tube was developed for speciation of trace arsenic species in environmental samples. Arsenic. Arsenic species in samples were reduced and converted to different gaseous arsenic compounds by introducing sodium tetrahydroborate solution into the sample. The gaseous arsenic compounds were cryogenically collected in a U-shaped quartz collection tube located in liquid nitrogen. The different compounds were then sequentially released from the collection tube by gradually heating and transferred into the electrically heated quartz adsorption tube for determination. The recovery of As(III), As(V), MMA and DMA by proposed method was investigated through spiking known amounts of each species into the samples. The results indicated that the method is quite precise, sensitive, and reliable for dtermination of trace arsenic species. Finally the developed method used for speciation of arsenic in environmental samples.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57574
Title: Keratinase production by new strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: Application of statistical experimental design for optimization of Keratinase production
Author: Carolina Ferrarezi Da Fonseca, Mariana Cortezi, Cristian J Bolner De Lima, Reinaldo Marchetto, Marcos Macari and Jonas contiero
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy, Dr P K Wong, Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2012
Publisher: Global Sciences Publications, Vol 14, No 3, 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, keratinase, feather degradation, fermentation, statistical experimental design
Abstract: Feathers are rich in amino acids and can be employed as a dietary protein supplement for animal feed. Microbial degradation is an alternative technology for improving the nutritional value of feathers. Other potential applications of keratinase include use in the leather industry, detergents and medicine as well as the pharmaceutical for the treatment of acne, psoriasis and calluses. A new keratinolytic enzyme production bacterium was isolated from a poultry processing plant. To improve keratinase yield, statistically based experimental designs were applied to optimize three significant variables: temperature, substrate concentration (feathers) and agitation speed. Response surface methodology demonstrated an increase in keratinolytic activity at temperature, agitation spped and substrate concentration of 26.60C, 150 rpm and 2%, respectively. Liquid chromatography revealed the release of amino acids in the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens culture broth, thereby demonstrating the potential of feather meal in the animal feed industry.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57573
Title: Recent advances in development of eco-friendly solid composite propellants for Rocket propulsion
Author: Mahanta Abhay K and Pathak Devendra D
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Eco-friendly, composite solid propellants, energetic oxidizers, clean burining propellants
Abstract: Significant advances have been made during the last decade in the field of solid composite propulsion. With the growing demand for environmental friendly chlorine free propellants, many attempts have been made to investigate a variety of oxidizers, which produce innocuous combustion products. This paper discusses various methods used to develop solid propellants that are environmentally benign than the current anmmonium perchlorate-based propellant systems owing to reduction of the hydrochloric acid gas emissions in the motor exhaust. These methods include acid neutralization, acid scavenging, partial substitution of AP with other oxidizers and chlrorine free propellants. An assessment of the acid reducing potential and the viability of each of these methods are elaborated based on current literature. Efforts have been made to cover the recent developments taken place in developing the eco-friendly solid composite propellants with special emphasis on the use of new energetic oxidizers i.e. ammonium dinitramide (ADN) and hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF) in propellant composition.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57572
Title: Development and application of a water resources project information system
Author: Abbasi T, Chari K B and Abbasi S A
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: GIS, water resource project, dam, reservoir, nwatershed, internet GIS, decision support system
Abstract: A stand-alone water resources project information system, with several capabilities simialr to that of a conventional GIS, has been developed. The system enables the user to store, analyze and display spatial information pertaining to a dam-based water resource project. The utility of the system has been illustrated with reference to its application to Sathanur Reservoir Project (Tamil Nadu, India). The database module of the Sathanur Reservoir Project Information System, SRPIS-DBM, enables the user to manipulate and update the database of the project on a real time basis. SRPIS has 31 pre-designed forms which enable cognition of a wide variety of data. The user can browse and print the exising information through forms, tables and reports, as one does when using MS Access. One has all the dynamism, flexibility, fluency and user -friendliness that distinguish MS Access.
Another unique feature of SRPIS is a novel EIA sub-module which is integrated with the software ' s databse module. The environmental impact assessment ratings of the Sathanur reservoir project cna be directly fed into this module by various observers: experts, end users and other groups. The personal details of each observer are stored in the table EIA_Personaldetails and the EIA ratings are stored in a yet another table called EIA-Matrix, In the latter, the values are saved cumulatively for each village and for each category of the observer.
The map module of SRPIS, SRPIS-Mapper, has been designed specially for GIS requirements. The user can browse through various facets of SRPIS as map layers, thematic features, the attributes data related to these maps, hydraulic designs of Sathanur reservoir and information on tourist interests in-and-around Santhanur. All the maps have bene designed to be self explanatory, with emphasis on clear legends and map scales. However, in SRPIS one can not edit, manipulate or create new thematic maps. To get around this shortcoming, installation of MapInfo Proviewer 6.5 and downloading of SRPIS Map Data from the SRPIS installation CD-ROM disk has been incorporated.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57571
Title: Cytotoxicity screening of alcoholic extract of teh whole plant of Phyllanthus rheedii
Author: Sivajothi V and Leelaprakash G
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Phyllanthus rheedii, alcoholic extract, anti-cancer cytotoxicuty
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the anticancer of alcohol (95%) extract of the whole plant of Phyllanthus rheedii. The MTT (methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrezolinum bromide) method was applied to compare the antitumoral activity of alcohol (95%) extract on lung carcinoma cell lines (A549), colon carcinoma cell lines (HCT-116), liver carcinoma cell lines (HEPG-2) and cervical carcinoma cell lines (HELA).
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57570
Title: Comparative study of free volume and permeability coefficient of aqueous solutions of NaCl and NaC12H25SO4 across NylonTM Biobond Membrane
Author: Sharma Meena, Sharma Amit Kumar and Lal Roshan
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Utrasonic velocity (v), Adiabatic compressibility (Betaad), Intermolecular path length (Lf)TM, permeability coefficient (Lp), Free volume (Vf), Nylon Biobond membrane
Abstract: Ultrasonic velocity (v), Adiabatic compressibility (?ad), Intermolecular path length (Lf) and Free volume (Vf) of aqueous solutions of NaCl and NaC12H25SO4 at different concentrations were calculated. The values of Free volume (Vf) so obtained were correlated with the Permeability coefficient (Lp)TM values of these aqueous solutions through Nylon Biobond membrane at three different temperatures (308,312 and 315K). The premeability coefficient (Lp) has been found to be independent of the hydraulic pressure but is a characteristic property of the membrane and depends upon the concentration of the solute. The results showed that both Permeability coefficient (Lp) and Free volume (Vf) increase with decrease in concentration and decrease with increase in concentration in both the cases in accordance with their observed density (p) and viscosity (?) data.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57569
Title: Removal of Mercury (II) ions from aqueous solutions using Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) and Kaolinite clay from Mayouom in Cameroon: Kinetics and equilibrium studies
Author: Quintela Ana, Terroso Denise, Almeida Salome F P, Reis Paula, Moura Alexandra, Coreria Antonio, Ferreira Da Silva Eduardo, Forjaz Victor and Rocha Fernando
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Natural resources, human health, volcanic muds, geochemistry, microbiology, phycology
Abstract: Four Azorean volcanic muds were submitted to maturation (ageing process) with mineral water for 60 days under different abiotic conditions. This study intends to assess the geochemistry of these natural resources before and after maturation and to evaluate the ability of materials to be colonized by microorganisms under different mixing and light maturation procedures. Besides the geochemical and meteralogical analyses, bacterial quantification and diatom community identification and relative quantification were also provided. Prinicipal component analysis was carried oiut on geochemical data. Our data reveal that muds have potentiality for thermal application and the modifications induced by maturation are affected by raw materials properties. Slightly geochemical modifications were verified probably due to the weathering of primary minerals. The bacteria and mainly the algae development on samples under light and no mixing maturation conditions were recorded rendering to muds potentialities for therapeutic uses.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57568
Title: Removal of mercury (II) ions from aqueous solutions using granular activated carbon (GAC) and Kaolinite clay from Mayouom in cameroon: Kinetics and equilibrium studies
Author: Ketcha Mbadcam Joseph and Bougo Tchamande Christe
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Mercury (II), adsorption, granular activated carbon, Kaolinite clay, Mayouom
Abstract: Adsorption of mercury (II) from aqueous solutions on Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) and kaolinite clay from Mayouom (MY04) were studied as a function of different parameters: contact time, t, mass of the adsorbent, m and inital concentration C0 of the adsorbate. The results obtained showed that the amount of Hg (II) adsorbed increases with increased contact time and equilibrium is reached at 50 minutes for GAC and 90 minutes for MY04. The minimum adsorbent dose for an optimal removal within the concentration range considered (7-30 ppm) was 0.1 g for GAC and 1.0 g for MY04. Maximum ramoval percentage of 98.5% was observed for GAC and 96.8% for MY04. Adsorption isotherms observed were in agreement with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm for both GAC and MY04. The adsorption kinetic data obtained fitted the pseudo-first order kinetics on GAC and the pseudo-second order kinetics on MY04. These results showed that the kaolinite clay from Mayouom can efficiently be used to remediate mercury (II) from wastewaters.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57567
Title: Ultra sound assisted oxidation of alcohols by Fe(NO3)3 as an oxidant in presence of phase transfer catalyst
Author: Nazeruddin G M, Suryawanshi S B and Shaikh Iqbal N
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Sonochemistry, oxidation of alcohol, Phase Transfer Catalyst (PTC), Fe(NO3)3
Abstract: An efficient Sonochemistry methodology for the oxidation of alcohols to corresponding carbonyl compounds by Fe(NO3)3 as an oxidant in presence of tetra butyl ammonium bromide at ambient temperature is described. It has been observed that in case of primary alcohol the oxidation reaction is arrested at aldehyde level only. The aqueous phase containing oxidant and catalyst is reusable.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57566
Title: Bioremediation of Copper (II) from aqueous solution using Prosopis cineraria leaf powder
Author: Gupta Vikal, Kulshreshtha Ruchi and Lal Magan
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Prosopis cineraria leaf, copper (II), biosorption, adsorption isotherm, kinetic studies
Abstract: The biosorption of copper ions from aqueous solution by Prosopis cineraria leaf powder (PCLP) was studied in a batch adsorption system as a function of pH, contact time, copper ion concentration, adsorbent dosage and adsorbent size. The removal capacity of copper (II) ions from aqueous solution by PCLP was investigated. The Langmuir adn Freundlich adsorption models were applied to describe the isotherms and isotherm constants. The isothermal data could be well interpreted by the Langmuir model followed by Freundlich model with maximum adsorption capacity of 98.02 mg/g of copper ion on P. cineraria of 98.02 mg/g of copper ion on P. cineraria leaf powder. The experimental data were properly correlated with the second-order kinetic model.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57565
Title: Antibacterial activity of ocimum sanctum Linn. and its application in water purification
Author: Sadgir Parag, Nilosey Vijyayshree, Bhandari Ranu and Patil B R
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Tulsi, antibacterial, ater Purification, Ocimum sanctum Linn.
Abstract: A vast rural Indian population is dependent on the supply of untreated water, which is the root cause of their ailments. The rural population is thriving on the contaminated water supply due to lack of financial resources and other pressing essentialities of life. Safe water is vital for improving the health and quality of life and for alleviating poverty. In the process of developing a plant based substitute for economical safe approach for water purification agaist conventional chemical consituents, plants were screened for evaluation of their efficiency for antibacterial activity. Ocimum sanctum is effective against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhui, Pseudomonas pyocyaneus, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella dysenteriae and Proteus vulgaris within specified contact time. O. sanctum is effective against Escherichia coli with increase in specified cotact time.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57564
Title: Shaddock (Citrus grandis) seed oil as an alternative feedstock for the production of biodiesel
Author: Sharma M and Ganguly M
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Biodiesel, Shaddock, Transesterification, Iodine value, Cetane number
Abstract: A new non-edible low cost feestock for the production of biodiesel is reported. The study shows that the seeds of shaddock which have high oil content, can be used as a potential feedstock for the production of biodiesel. The study reveals that the methyl ester obtained from shaddock oil fulfils most of the requirements of a biodiesel fuel. The physic-chemical parameters of the oil and the methyl esters are presented.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57563
Title: Electrochemical studies of Bi(III) with Succinic acid and Glutaric acid
Author: Paliwal M K and Gupta O D
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14(3), September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Polarography, dropping mercury electrode, bismuth, Succinic acid, glutaric acid, stability constant, DeFord and Hume ' s method, Mihailov ' s method, Thermodynamic parameters
Abstract: The reduction of Bi (III) with Succinic acid and Glutaric acid is investigated polarographically in aqueous medium. Bi(III) formed 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 complex species with Succinic acid as well as with Glutaric acid. The stability constants of Bi (III) with Succinic acid and Glutaric acid were calculated by the method of DeFord and Hume. The reduction of the system in each case is quasireversible and diffusion controlled, involving three electrons. The thermodynamic parameters have been determined. The stability constants of these species at 300K for Bi(III) with succinic acid are logb1=1.81, logb2=3.97, logb3=6.11 and at 310 K are logb1=2.13, logb2= 4.00, logb3=6.25 and thermodynamic parameters free energy (KCal mol-1), enthalpy (KCal mol-1) and entropy (Cal mol-1 deg-1) are -2.37, -50.08 and -0.15 (MX1), -5.21, -52.87 and -0.12 (MX2), -8.02, -43.53 and -0.11 (MX3), respectively.
The stability constants of these species at 300K for Bi(III) with glutaric acid are logb1= 1.55, logb2= 3.07, logb3= 4.98 and thermodynamic parameters free energy (KCal mol-1), enthalpy (KCal mol-1) and entropy (Cal mol-1deg-1) are -2.03, -42.00 and -0.13 (MX1), -4.03, -45.32 and -0.13 (MX2) -6.65, -41.80 and -0.11 (MX3), respectively. The mathematical Mihailov ' s method has also been applied for the comparison of stability constants values obtained by graphical method.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None