ID: 57877
Title: Monthly variation in the density of Drawida willsi (Michaelsen) in relation to some climatic and edaphic factors
Author: Rohit Srivastava, D K Gupta and M P Sinha
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Drawida willsi, density, climatic and edaphic factors
Abstract: Fluctuation of population density of the earthworm Drawida willsi (Michaelsen) in relation to some climatic and edaphic factors was assessed from a tropical cropland agroecosystem site at Ranchi for a period of eighteen months. The total density ranged between 75+ 25.49 (April 2010) to 2115+ 189.87 m-2 (August 2010). Of the various factors studied rainfall, relative humidity, soil moisture, organic carbon and nitrogen content of the soil showed a significant positive correlation with the total earthworm density. Moisture content of the soil was considered to be the most important single factor responsible for the population fluctuation of the earthworm.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57876
Title: Groundwater quality assessment of Bhaskar Rao Kunta Watershed, Nalgonda district, Andhra Pradesh, India
Author: K Srinivasa Reddy, M Sudheer Kumar and Ajay Babu Gangidi
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Bhaskar Rao Kunta watershed, Hydrogeochemistry, Piper diagram, Gibbs diagram, Wilcox diagram
Abstract: Semi-arid region of Bhaskar Rao Kunta watershed was studied to evaluate hydrogeochemical characteristics of the fractured, semi-confined and water-stressed aquifers. Twenty groundwater samples were collected from deeper bore wells during pre and post monsoon seasons in June and December 2009. The samples were analysed for concentration of physico-chemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS, TH, Ca2+, Mg2+,Na+,K+, HCO3-, SO42-, Cl-, NO3- and F-). The results were interpreted with Piper, Gibbs and Wilcox diagrams. For interrelationships, the parameters were measured with correlation matrix and t-test methods. Bureau of Indian Standards specifications were used and verified for suitability of groundwater quality. The type of the groundwater quality was understood from the interpretated diagrams of piper (85% magnesium bicarbonate and 15% mixed type of samples), Gibbs (100% evaporation type samples) and Wilcox (85% high salinity and 15% moderate salinity type of samples). The highest correlation was found between EC and TDS with a correlation coefficient of 0.98 and the t-test behaviour was not significance, therefore, the geogenic and rock water interaction was negligible with respect to seasonal variation. Due tohigh concentration of fluoride (<1.5 mg/L) and salinity (750<2250?S/cm), the groundwater quality was not suitable for drinking, and special drainage system and crop practices are requisite for irrigation purpose in the study area.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57875
Title: Studies on groundwaters of Mysore city with special reference to fluoride concentration
Author: C Nagalambika, S Mahadeva Murthy, T S Harsha, N Lakshmidevi
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Groundwater, fluoride, fluorosis, Mysore city
Abstract: A two-year study of the seasonal variations in fluoride concentration was carried out from November 2006 to October 2008 in the groundwaters of Mysore city with five zones. The fluoride concentration in the water samples of east and west zones showed significant seasonal changes during both the years. However in north, south and central zones, fluoride concentration did not establish any variations in both the years. The highest fluoride value of 0.46 mg/L was recorded in the west zone and the lowest of 0.22 mg/L in the east zone. The probable causes for such variations in flouride concentration in these groundwater samples have been discussed.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57874
Title: Assessment of physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater in Chennai
Author: K Dhanasekar and P Partheeban
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Agriculture, groundwater, water quality, Chennai, Karayanchavadi
Abstract: The present work is aimed to analyse physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater in a part area of Chennai, where agriculture is the main livelihood of rural and urban people and the groundwater is the main source for irrigation and drinking. It is noted that in Tamil Nadu, there is evidently much dependence on groundwater due to scarce surface water. Overexploitation of groundwater might lead to complex environmental situation. Hence, a thorough investigation of quality parameters is necessary to ensure the potability of water. Hence, a thorough investigation of quality parameters is necessary to ensure the potability of water. The area taken for study purposes is Karayanchavadi which is a part of Chennai in the vicinity of Bay of Bengal. Groundwater samples were collected from 30 wells in the study area and analysed for pH, EC, TDS, TA, TH, Ca2+, Mg2+,
Na+, K+, Cl-, SO42-, NO3-, and F-. A comparison of the groundwater quality in relation to drinking water quality was made. It was found that pH of all the samples was neutral to slightly alkaline. Fluorides, iron and calcium of 90% samples were within the permissible limits. Total dissolved solids, total hardness, sulphate and magnesium of all the samples were within the permissible limits.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57873
Title: Studies on the seasonal variation of incidence of typhoid and paratyphoid fevers in Akola city
Author: Varsha H Dethe and Y A Ali
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Widal, typhoid, seasons
Abstract: Effect of seasons on typhoid infection was studied by using Widal as diagnostic tool for detection, with the cut of titre 1:160. Three years study of typhoid and paratyphoid infections in Akola was studied in 11 hospitals, one government and 10 private hospitals. Seasonal variation of Widal positive patients above titre 1:160 and 1:320 shows that in private hospitals maximum cases were in monsoon, as in private hospitals cases from civil areas were more so only seasonal onset was noted, while in government hospitals from summer to monsoon maximum cases were noted, where cases from slum areas were maximum. Month-wise study of total patients from Akola city shows that maximum patients were noted in the end of summer and in rainy season i.e., in May, June and July.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57872
Title: Advanced oxidation processes for wastewater and effluent treatment - An insightful and far-reaching overview
Author: Sukanchan Palit
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Advanced oxidation process, effluent treatment, textile wastewater, dye removal
Abstract: The vision of water treatment technologies is moving towards a new generation of science and technology. Wastewater and effluent treatment has undergone innovative and drastic changes over the years. Traditional wastewater treatment has yielded to modern and ground-breaking procedures which are more ever reaching and effective. The world of difficulties and hurdles has opened up new avenues to highly feasible effluent treatment procedures. So the vigorous and urgent importance of advanced oxidation procedures. This review will delineate and describe the increasing importance of various advanced oxidation processes including ozonation of textile wastewater. It will open up wide avenues for increasing visionary importance. Advanced oxidation processes (AOP ' s), which involve and includes the in-situ generation of highly potent chemical oxidants such as the hydroxyl radical, have emerged as an important avenue of technologies to accelerate the non-selective oxidation and thus the destruction of a wide range of non-degradable organic contaminants in wastewater which cannot be eliminated biologically. This review will delineate the difficulties and hurdles of advanced oxidation processes of wastewater particularly textile industry wastewater. Actually, recently, an increasing application of various AOP ' s for textile wastewater has been observedin contrast to traditional treatment methods. So our urge and conscience to investigate this domain of knowledge. A holistic and summarized view of the advanced oxidation processes is deliberated and delivered with scientific rigour.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57871
Title: Significane of physical parameters of coagulation-flocculation in water treatment with Moringa oleifera
Author: Milind R Gidde and Anand R Bhalerao
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Moringa oleifera extract, coagulation-flocculation, turbidity removal, optimum dose, velocity gradient
Abstract: Rapid and slow mixing of coagulant with the water to be treated are the steps in the process of coagulation-flocculation. There are several factors, both physical and chemical, which influences the process of coagulation-flocculation. Design criteria suggest that the principal parameters of rapid mix and slow mix for the purpose of design and functional evaluation are velocity gradient and time of mixing. The shape of the mixing unit and teh baffles into it also affect the process of coagulation -flocculation. Also the turbidity and nature of turbidity have influence on effective turbidity removal. The experiments were performed to study the significance of type of turbidity, shape of mixing unit and the baffles into it, velocity gradient and time of mixing on turbidity removal. The herbal coagulant Moringa oleifera and its various forms were used in the study. The experiments were performed using two types of clay turbidities with 50 NTU, 150 NTU and 450 NTU turbidity value. The circular baffled jar was found to be most efficient for turbidity removal. The rapid mix velocity gradient of 720 s-1 and slow mix velocity gradient of 90 s-1gave the maximum turbidity removal efficiency.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57870
Title: Effect of hyraulic loading rates in the performance of rotating biological contactors for treating grey water
Author: S Syed Enayathali adn V Nehru Kumar
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Rotating biological contactor (RBC), Grey water, COD removal
Abstract: The laboratory model of two-stage Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC) which was used in the present study is a modified one, with a provision to vary the speed of rotating blades. Grey wastewater was used to study the performance of the modified rotaing biological contactor. The reactor had four rotating blades in each stage, having the size of 300 mm x 100mm x 10 mm, attached perpendicular to the shaft. The experiment was conducted for different influent COD loads and different speeds of rotating blades. Among the different speeds of rotational blades in treating grey water, the rotational blades in treating grey water, the rotational speed of 3 rpm was found to yeild better percent removal of COD at 95.85% as maximum, whereas against the rotational speeds of 4.5 and 6 rpm, the treatment efficiency is 92.15% and 90.90% respectively.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57869
Title: A laboratory study on the physico-chemical characteristics of various surface water bodies in Coimbatore city, Tamil nadu
Author: P Meena Sundari, K Senthamil Selvan and T Meenambal
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Water quality, lakes, surface water bodies, Coimbatore city
Abstract: The main objective of the study is focused on water quality assessment of various surface water bodies in the Coimbatore city during winter (January 2011) and summer (April 2011). About 75% of the population in the areas selected depends on the lake water for domestic purposes, agriculture and industrial purposes. Water samples were collected from four lakes in and around Coimbatore having the same source. The physical and chemical parameters like pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, hardness, concentration of calcium, magnesium, iron, free ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, chloride, fluoride, sulphate and phosphate were analysed and compared with standard techniques. The data were analysed by comparing the values with BIS standards. The studies revealed that water in all the four surface water bodies are to be pre-treated suitably and could be employed for drinking, agriculture and industrial purposes.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57868
Title: Icthyofauna diversity and its abundance in East Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh
Author: K S Krishna Prasad, K Narasimha Ramulu and G Benarjee
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Ichthyofauna diversity, East Godavari district, Migratory fish conservation
Abstract: East Godavari district occupies a very important place in the fisheries map of Andhra Pradesh, which endowed with rich fishery resources of marine, inland and brackish water. The Ichthyofauna of East Godavari district was collected to record the biodiversity of fish fauna in the district. It is recorded that the fish fauna of this district comprises of 9 Orders, 59 Genera and 146 Species. The collection revealed that majority of the fish belong to order Cyprinofomes which predominates with 83 species followed by Siluriniformes with 30 species and Percifprmes with 12 species. The Order Cypriniformes has most commercial importance fish such as Catla, Rohu, Mrigal and the Common Carp. The Order Channiformes represens all murrels Channa striatus, Channa marulius, Channa gachua and Channa punctatus which are of great commercial value. Hilsa hilsa belongs to the Order Cluperformes is also recorded here, which is an anadromous migratory fish visiting River Godavari during early monsoon months. There is an immediate need to take measures to conserve this fish.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57867
Title: Assessment of groundwater quality in Shivpuri town, Madhya Pradesh, India
Author: Anand Kumar Mishra, Mohit Arya, R Mathur and R B Gupta
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Groundwater quality, water quality index (WQI), Shivpuri town
Abstract: The present work is aimed at assessing the water quality index (WQI) for the groundwater of Shivpuri town. This has been determined by collecting groundwater samples and subjecting them to a comprehensive physico-chemical analysis. For calculating the WQI, the following 12 parameters pH, TS, TDS, TSS, EC, total alkalinity, magnesium, calcium, total hardness, chloride, sulphate and nitrate were considered. The high value of WQI was found to be mainly due to higher values of iron, nitrate, total dissolved solids, hardness, fluorides, bicarbonate and manganese in the groundwater. The results of analyses have been used to suggest models for predicting water quality. The analysis reveals that the groundwater of the area needs some degree of treatment before consumption, and it also needs to be protected from the perils of contamination.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57866
Title: Assessment of freshwater quality of Angoori Reservoir, district Datia, Madhya Pradesh
Author: Abhay Kumar Rahul, M K S Kushwaha, R Mathur, Shashi Rahul and Akash Yadav
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Angoori reservoir, freshwater quality, physico-chemical characteristics
Abstract: Angoori reservoir is a small man-made reservoir located in district Datia, Madhya Pradesh. It was constructed on Angoori nalia in the tributary of Pahuj River. The reservoir is used for different purposes like irrigation, fisheries and drinking water supply to Datia city. The physico-chemical characteristics of Angoori reservoir water temperature, pH, total dissolved solids, DO, free carbon dioxide, alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, BOD, COD, sodium, potassium and electrical conductivity of the water samples were recorded from the four sampling stations.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57865
Title: Particulate matter capturing ability of some plant species: Implication for phytoremediation of particulate pollution around Rourkela Steel plant, Roukela, India
Author: Sasmita Das and Pramila Prasad
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Particulate pollution, dust trapping ability, biological filters, green belt, phytoremediation
Abstract: The particulate pollution has always been a matter of great concern because of its adverse effect on human and plant population. In the present global environmental scenario, this problem has become increasingly severe. The particulates and gaseous pollutants, alone and in combination, can cause serouis setbacks to the overall physiology of plants. Results from numerous investigtions of human respiratory and other diseases have shown a consistent statistical association between human exposures to the outdoor levels of particulates or dust and adverse health impacts. These hazards are more pronounced in the vicinity of industries where these particles become air-borne and inhalable. Research has shown that plant leaves being the main receptor of particulate pollution can act as biological filters, removing large quantities of particles from the urban atmosphere. This physical trait can be used to determine the level of particulate pollution in the surroundings, as well as the ability of individual plant species to intercept and mitigate particulate pollutants. In the present study, fifteen plant species (11 trees and 4 shrubs) growing around the Roukela Steel Plant (RSP) area were selected. Particulate or dust load on leaf surfaces and leaf surface morphology as a measure of dust trapping ability of leaves were analysed. The plant species such as Alstonia scholaris, Anthocephalus indicus, Cassia auriculata, Cassia siamea, Lagerstroemia speciosa, mimusops elengi, Peltophorum inerme and Tabebuia aurea were found to have high dust capturing capacity; Albizia lebbeck, Bougainvillea spectabilis, Ficus religiosa, Swietenia mahagoni and Thevetia nerifolia have medium, while species such as Casesalpine pulcherima and Delonix regia have low dust capturing capacity. Results also indicate that leaf surface mophology greatly determine the dust trapping capacity of a particular plant species.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57864
Title: Influence of effective microorganisms (EM) during startup of anaerobic treatment of pulp and paper mill wastewater in HUASB reactor
Author: N Balasubramanian and M Muthukumar
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Anaerobic treatment, pulp and paper mill, effective microorganisms, HUASB reactor
Abstract: Anaerobic treatment of bagasse wash water from paper and pulp mill was studied using a lab scale HUASB reactor of 7.88 L effective volume with three phase system. The initial characteristics of bagasse wash water were: pH 5.2-6.5, TCOD 2000-6000 mg/L, BOD 900-2500 mg/L, TS 4000-4500mg/L, VSS 1000-1500 mg/L. The reactor was loaded with pulp and paper mill wastewater, seed sludge and activated Effective Microorganisms (EM) operated on continuous mode for a period of 130 days with an HRT varying from 24 to 8 hrs and start up with successful granulation has been achieved. An optimum TCOD removal was attained at the OLR of 7.8 kg COD /m3/day with TCOD removal of 81% with a gas production of 2.66 L/L per day and 70% of methane gas content with a production rate of 0.29 m3/kg COD removal were observed. The introduction of effective microorganisms has aided the start up period in an efficient way for better acclimatization inside the reactor that facilitate the biomethanation. The SEM analysis also shows stabilized Methanothrix and other microorganisms present in the reactor at the end of the start up.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57863
Title: Haemato-biochemical studies on Diclofenac, Ibuprofen and Nimesulide inuced toxicity in Broilers
Author: Majid Shafi, Umesh Kumar Garg, Najmus Saqib, Omer Khalil Baba, Badru-Duja Farid and Arshad Wali
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4) December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Haemato-biochemical studies, NSAIDS, Toxicity, broilers
Abstract: The present experimental work was conducted to elucidate the haemato-biochemical studies in broiler chicks when treated with diclofenac sodium, ibuprofen and nimesulide. For this study 120 apparently healthy broiler chicks of either sex were randomly divided into 10 groups comprising 10 birds in 9 groups and 30 birds in control group. The broilers of diclofenac groups were administered 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg body weight of diclofenac sodium for 5 days. Similarly the broilers of ibuprofen groups were administered with 15, 30 and 45 mg/kg body weight of ibuprofen with feed for 5 days. The birds of nimesulide groups were administered with 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg nimesulide for 5 days. The birds of control group were maintained on feed and plain water to serve as control There was no significant differences in haematological parameters in birds which are intoxicated with diclofenac, ibuprofen and nimesulide. On the other hand there was significant difference in alkaline phosphatase and BUN biochemical parameters, but no significant difference in total protein and calcium intoxication in chicks.
Location: TE 15, Biologicalsciences Building, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None