ID: 59092
Title: The Fishery, Gut Length and Food Preferences of Three Commercially Exploited Species (Cynoglossus Senegalensis, Liza Falcipinnis and Pomadasys Jubelini) in Tropical Open Lagoon, Nigeria.
Author: B E Emmanuel, M N Adigwe, N F Aladetohun.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 2), pp. 223-234, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Fishery, Food habits, Gut length, Commercial species.
Abstract: The fishery, gut length and food preferences of three commercially exploited species: Cynoglossus senegalensis, Liza falcipinnis and Pomadasys jubelini in Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria was investigated between August and November, 2005. The choice of cast net for this study was as a result of its selectivity and conservation role. The size distribution of the three fish species followed a normal pattern with distinct modes. The length frequency distribution indicates that C. senegalensis, P. jubelini and L. falcipinnis studied were constituted of multiple cohorts. The length - weight relationships reflected a common general increase in weight with increasing length in L.falcipinnis and P. jubelini but not in C. senegalensis which exhibited a negative allometric growth with a b-value of 0.3 which is less than 3. The condition factors for the species examined did not differ significantly with respect to sex and size among the species. The general morphology of C.Senegalensis. P. jubelini and L. falcipinnis suggested that they are predatory fishes (C. Senegalensis and P.jubelini) and deposit feeder respectively. These species fed mainly on either crustaceans or and molluscs with other food items forming supplimentary foods. They fed on variety of animals and there is also a considerable overlapping in their diets. The three species had no dicrepancies in their preferences for food which increase intra specific competition and make it impossible for fish of different sizes to occupy the same habitat. The presence of organic detritus in th diets of the three species studied identified them as ileophagous species. The long gut recorded for L.falcipinnis is an indication that it feed mainly on plant materials and detritus. This study identified the different variety of food materials that these species feed on in the wide giving a clue to the feed formulation for the species for culture purpose.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59091
Title: Impact of Excessive Nitrogen Fertilizers on the Environment and Associated Mitigation Strategies.
Author: Muhammad Tariq Bashir, Salmiaton Ali, Moinuddin Ghauri, Azni Adris, Razif Harun.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 2), pp. 213-221, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Atmospheric deposition, Wet deposition, Watershed, Nitrate, Excessive-fertilization.
Abstract: The soaring rise in the anthropological production of nitrogen (N) fertilizers has been notable in the field of crop production. Despite several advantages the world is deriving from the use of reactive N, many environmental hazards including water and soil acidification, pollution of groundwater surface and other water mineral resources and accelerated ozone depletion have arizen as a result of the recurring use of excessive environmental N. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the impact of N in the environment. In addition, mention is made of management practices, such as manure storage and handling solutions, livestock management, pasture management for reduced N losses, balanced N application rates, proper irrigation strategies, efficient N cycling at the field level, runoff, drainage and wastewater mangement and other mitigation strategies. Conclusively, the use of Varian ' s Mathematical model, a model that dutifully delineates system theory in deterring over-fertilization will be considered.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59090
Title: Shelf-Life and Microbial Safety of Three Brands of Bread Under Different Packaged Conditions Available on the Ghanaian Market.
Author: B M Tiimub, R A Kuffour, P Akweiba, B M Dzomeku, K S Obiri-Danso.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 2), pp. 205-212, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Shelf-life, Microbial safety, Bread.
Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate the shelf-life and microbial safety of three brands of bread under different package conditions available on the Ghanaian market. Bread samples were analyzed at the Crops research Institute laboratory in Kumasi. Shelf-life was determined by storing in refrigerator and room temperature. The treatment was a 3?3?2 factorial with three replicates. Factor A(bread types - wheat, sugar and butter); factor B(packaging material aluminium foil, polythene bag and news print) and factor C (storage condition - refrigeration and ambient). At different intervals in storage, the microscopic development of fungal organisms on the bread was determined based on the species level and the extent growth and scored on a scale of 1-5. The results revealed that sugar bread packaged with aluminium foil and old news print and stored for 4 days under ambient conditions did not develop bread in aluminium foil and old news print and stored for 4 days under ambient conditions did not develop bread mould but, wheat and butter bread in polythene developed mould, whereas sugar and butter bread grew Pencilium sp and Rhizopus sp which covered 5% of the entire sample. Similarly, butter bread stored for 7days developed complex fungi of (Aspergillus flavus, A.niger and Rhizopus sp) at level 3 growth on the scale and the mycelium was very grayish. Therefore, wrapping bread in old news print is not a bad practice on the Ghanian market and bread should always be purchased fresh and consumed.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59089
Title: The Photosynthetic Behaviour and Biomass as Indictors for the Resistance and Tolerance Capacity of the Algae as well as its Potential Use for Tannin Removal in the Tannery Effluents.
Author: R Jasmine.
Editor: V Subramanian.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution Vol 10(no. 4), pp. 123-128, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution
Keywords: Tannery, pigments, cyanobacteria, effluent.
Abstract: Tannery effluents have reutilization potentials and may be harnessed for human welfare. Tannin the chief component of tannery effluent, increases biological oxygen demand. Admittedly disposal of these untreated effluents will affect all life. Such disposal operations will ultimately depend on the biodegradation. Tannins, the chief component of tannery effluents, are degraded by bacteria, yeasts and fungi. Little work has been attempted using blue green algae. It is seen that the algae when made to grow in the effluent (diluted) survives and later flourishes. Since the algae are significant photosynthetic organisms, it is important to investigate the effect of tannins on the pigmentations showed that cyanobacteria can serve as the potential bioremedial organism for industrial pollution. Today, bioremediation is widely applied in the treatment of contaminated water, soil, sludge and sediments. Bioremediation is the best method for remediation of the long chain molecular organic compounds, hazardous waste and toxicity chemical.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59088
Title: Global Warming and its Effect on Flow in Ganga River.
Author: Anand M Sharan, Manabendra Pathak.
Editor: V Subramanian.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution Vol 10(no. 4), pp. 117-122, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution
Keywords: Global warming, melting of glaciers, flow in Ganga, glacier fed rivers.
Abstract: In this work, water flow in the Ganga River has been analyzed based on the available data starting from the year 1850 to the average of years 2002 to 2006 at Farakka in West Bengal. The flow has been related with rainfall data in the Ganga basin starting in the year 1980, and the average rainfall data in the years 2002 to 2006. The year 1980 has been chosen based on the fact that after this year the global warming trend has increased(Adhikari and Huybrechts, 2009). The location at Farakka has been chosen to incorporate the contributions of entire Himalayan glaciers in enhancing the flow of Ganga upstream of Farakka. This way, the results have been presented to include the effects of glaciers melting at the source of Ganga and also the contribution of other rivers which are tributaries of Ganga. The result shows that there is significant effect of global warming on melting of Himalayan glaciers and the flow rate of Ganga.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59087
Title: Assessment of Zooplankton Diversity in Relation to Physico-Chemical Parameters of Water in Selected Waterbodies of Durgapur Industrial Region, West Bengal, India.
Author: S Roychoudhury, D Patil, A Banerjee.
Editor: V Subramanian.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution Vol 10(no. 4), pp. 99-115, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution
Keywords: Zooplankton diversity, physicochemical parameters, Shannon ' s index, species richness.
Abstract: Plankton diversity and physico-chemical parameters are important criteria for evaluating the suitability of water for irrigation and drinking purposes. In this study, we tried to assess the zooplankton species richness, diverstity, and evenness and to predict the state of three selected studied sites of Durgapur industrial town according to physico-chemical parameters. Cyclopoid Copepods, Cladocera and Rotifers were found among the three studied sites. Copepods were found to be dominant for all the studied sites during the monsoon period. Higher species richness and abundance were recorded in Padmapukur followed by domestic sewage canal and agricultural run-off pond. The water samples were analyzed for temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, nitrate, phosphate, hardness, dissolved oxygen, TDS, chloride, GPP, CR and NPP. High values of parameters are recorded in summer period and low values are recorded in winter period. The zooplankton population shows positive significant correlation with physico-chemical parameters like humidity and total dissolved solid. From the overall study it can be concluded that Padmapukur wetland is highly productive in terms of zooplankton distribution and abundance and therefore needs prior conservation for its suitable use for drinking and irrigation purpose.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59086
Title: Comparitive Performance Evaluation of Sewage Treatment Plants in Gurgaon.
Author: Vaishali Sahu, V Geetha Varma.
Editor: V Subramanian.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution Vol 10(no. 4), pp. 89-97, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution
Keywords: ASP, BOD, COD, TSS, UASB and VSS.
Abstract: The rapid growth of the population, the technological and industrial boom has brought enormous problems and degradation of the environment. Pollution caused by sewage discharged from cities and towns is the primary cause for degradation of water resources. Hence a proper and planned sewage treatment is needed. Gurgaon city hosts two sewage treatment plants located in Dhanwanpur village. These plants are designed and constructed with an aim to manage wastewater so as to minimize and/or remove organic matter, solids, disease-causing organisms and other pollutants, before disposal. This article evaluates and compares the actual behaviour of full-scale anaerobic and aerobic wastewater treatment plants in operation in Gurgaon, providing information on the performance of the processes in terms of the quality of the generated effluent and the removal efficiency achieved. The observed results of effluent concentrations and removal efficiencies of the constituents TSS, BOD, COD, VSS and BOD/COD ratio have been compared with the typical expected performances as per the standards given by CPCB. The treatment technologies selected for study were anaerobic-UASB and aerobic-ASP plants. The results, confirmed by statistical tests, showed that, in general, the best performance was achieved by ASP, but closely followed by UASB reactor, when operating with any kind of post-treatment. It was revealed from the performance study that efficiency of the two treatment plants was adequate with respect to removal of TSS, respectively, while in ASP, TSS, BOD, COD and VSS removal efficiency was 88.8, 90.07, 84.15 and 90.5% respectively. The order of removal efficiency was VSS<COD<BOD<TSS and COD<TSS<BOD<VSS respectively in UASB and ASP STPs. Additionally, the problems associated with the operation and maintenance of wastewater treatment plants is discussed.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59085
Title: A Comparative Study on Decolourization of Industrial Dyes and Real Textile Wastewater by White Rot and Non-white Rot Fungi.
Author: Mithali K Shah, T Dharajiya Darshan, Bhakti Bajpai.
Editor: V Subramanian.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution Vol 10(no. 4), pp. 77-87, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution
Keywords: Dyes, biotransformation, A. flavus A6. P chrysosporium.
Abstract: Synthetic dyes are extensively used in several industries including textile, paper, printing, cosmetic and pharmaceutical. Dyes are released in effluent from a wide variety of industries such as textile, tannery, packed food, pulp and paper, paint and electroplating thus threatening various forms of life. Non-white rot fungi Aspergillus flavus A6, Aspergillus fumigatus A23, Aspergillus terreus A2 and white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium were used to decolourize individual dyes, simulated textile effluent (STE) and real textile wastewater (RTW). Fungi could effectively decolourize STE and RTW under optimized conditions of medium (minimal salt medium and potato dextrose agar medium), temperature (40 ?C for A.flavus A6 and 30? C for P. chrysosporium). The decolourization of STE by A. flavus A6 and P. chrysoporium was 73 and 68% respectively after 7 d incubation. The mechanism of dye removal by the fungus appeared to be mainly by adsorption and absorption and the biotransformation occurred only after absorption of the dye. Analysis of samples before and after treatment with fungus using TLC indicated the biotransformation of dye.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59084
Title: Nitrogen Loading from Septic Tanks in the Coastal Plains.
Author: Y R Satyaji Rao, Ashok K Keshari and Ashvani K Gosain.
Editor: V Subramanian.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution Vol 10(no. 4), pp. 65-76, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution
Keywords: Coastal plains, septic tanks, groundwater pollution, nitrogen, nitrate, fuzzy sets.
Abstract: The major non-agricultural source of nitrate in groundwater is septic-soak pit systems and unsewered conditions in the east coastal plains of India. This paper deals with the assessment of nitrogen loading from septic tanks in the Kakinada urban east coastal plains of Andhra Pradesh State, India. The proposed assessment methodology makes use of available databases of population, number of houses, sanitary information, soil types etc,. in each village or sub-basins which are generally available in India or elsewhere. Two-dimensional Fuzzy c-means clustering Technique (2 D FCM) was used to classify nitrogen load over the Kakinda urban coastal plain into low, medium and high zones. Further, these zones were validated with the respective average groundwater quality. The average groundwater nitrate and electrical conductivity values are following the patterns of nitrogen loading zones. Therefore, groundwater nitrate contamination is mainly due to the unsewered conditions and high density of septic systems in the study area. The methodology adopted in the present paper is useful for the assessment of nitrogen load from leaky septic systems in the coastal plains and also for prioritizing the villages or sub-basins for better management of non-agricultural sources of nitrate in coastal plains.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59083
Title: Characterization of Metallothionein from Asian Sea Bass (Lates calcarifier, Bloch) and Application as a Biomarker for Heavy Metal Exposure in Thailand
Author: Chutima Thanomsit, Phochit Nantanawat, Brity Wassmur, Johanna Grans, Malin C Celander, Praparsiri Kanchanopas-Barnette.
Editor: V Subramanian.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution Vol 10(no. 4), pp. 53-64, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution
Keywords: Metallothionein, Lates calcarifer, cadmium, fish, tropical waters.
Abstract: In the presents study, metallothionein (MT) protiens and cDNA were isolated from Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) livers. Immunochemical protocols (i.e. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot) were developed for quantification of MT protein levels in Asian seas bass. These were applied to analyse MT protein levels in 15 different areas, one urban area Angsila and one industrial area Map Ta Phut in the Gulf of Thailand. An MT protein band was detected in Shrimp scad (Alepes djadaba) and Indian ilisha (Ilisha melastoma) from both areas. Higher MT protein expressions were seen in shrimp scad from cadmium-contaminated areas near shore as well as off shore. These results suggest that induction of hepatic MT immunoreactive proteins in the shrimp scad may be a good early warning signal for heavy metal exposure in environmental monitoring programmes in Thailand waters. Protocol for quantification of MT mRNA levels in Asian sea bass was developed using quantitative PCR. Asian sea boss were exposed in the lab to different doses with highest MT and mRNA levels in fish injected with 4 mg CdNO3/kg. In these fish, the highest expression was seen after one day and lowest induction after three days. These results suggest that induction of MT mRNA levels in Asian sea bass liver can be used as a sensitive early warning signal for cadmium exposure in tropical waters.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59082
Title: Working with Maps
Author: K K Gupta, V C Tyagi.
Editor: V K Nagar.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Dept of Science and Technology-Survey Of India.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Working with Maps 1992
Subject: Working with Maps
Keywords: Maps
Abstract: None
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59081
Title: Working With Maps
Author: K K Gupta, V C Tyagi.
Editor: V K Nagar.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Dept of Science and Technology-Survey Of India.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Working with Maps 1992
Subject: Working with Maps
Keywords: Maps
Abstract: None
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59080
Title: Map Education
Author: D P Gupta
Editor: J S Ahuja.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Dept of Science and Technology
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Map Education 1993
Subject: Map Education
Keywords: Maps
Abstract: None
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59079
Title: Effect of Coal-based Industries on Water Quality.
Author: H B Sahu, J Patra, R K Patel.
Editor: V Subramanian.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution Vol 10(no. 4), pp. 43-51, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution
Keywords: Thermal power plant, ash pond, water pollution.
Abstract: The commercial and economic successes of our country can be attributed to the coal industry to a great extent. Coal continues to be the primary energy source and to meet the energy and other requirements a number of coal-based indutries have been established. These industries have the potential of generating and releasing large quantities of pollutants to the environment. Among these, the release of various liquid effluents which are associated with coal during the carbonization, cleaning and combustion processes are a major concern. The coal-based industries, such as by-product coke-plants, coal washeries and thermal power plants release their liquid effluents, which need urgent attention for the treatment, before they are discharged into the fresh water streams. In the present work, water qualities of three coal-based industries from Odisha viz. National Aluminium Company (NALCO), Angul; Rourkela Steel Plant (RSP), Rourkela; and National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC), Talcher, have been evaluated. Nine stations were selected for collecting water samples and were analyzed for ninteen physico-chemical parameters as per standard procedure. A careful study of the water quality results reveals that one water sample each from Nalco Ash Pond and RSP, Rourkela were comparitively more polluted than the other water samples.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59078
Title: Water Quality Assessment in Tiruchirapalli, India.
Author: G Venkatesan, B Balaji, S Dhivyabharathi, K S S Lidhuveniya, F Sylvester Martin.
Editor: V Subramanian.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution Vol 10(no. 4), pp. 33-42, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution
Keywords: Water quality assessment, distillery effluent, ground water, surface water, Tiruchirappalli.
Abstract: The water quality assessment was conducted in Tiruchirappalli in Southern India. The study region under consideration is located in the Indian southern state Tamilnadu, intersecting in the geological co-ordinates 10?48 ' 9 ' ' N 78?42 ' 43 ' ' E. It was doubted that the water resources in that location might be polluted due to the impact of distillery industry effluents located in the mentioned region thus causing stinky environment. So there was a necessity to test the ground and surface water pollutants. Clean plastic bottles were used to collect samples in various locations around the distillery unit. These samples were taken in three trials with fortnightly frequency. The collected samples were analyzed for their chemical parameters like hardness, pH, chlorides, sulphates, alkalinity, total dissolved solids, nickel, chromium, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand. Surface warter samples are analyzed for parameters like BOD, COD, TDS, copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, nickel and manganese. These parameters are helping to indicate the level of quality of ground and surface water for drinking and other domestic purposes. The parameters then were checked in par with the World Health Organization standards. As a resutl it is observed that some parameters such as hardness of ground water were 10 times as that of the pure drinking water with desirable limits.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None