ID: 58971
Title: Adsorption of Reactive Blue and Direct Red Dyes on Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) - Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies.
Author: Parul Bhatt, Raj K Vyas, Prabhat Pandit, Manish Sharma.
Editor: K P Sharma, P K Goel.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Tara P Goel, Technoscience Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology Vol 12(no 3), pp. 397-405 (2013)
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Dye adsorption, Powdered activated carbon, Chemical Kinetics, Thermodynamic studies.
Abstract: The present study deals with the adsorptive removal of Reactive Blue 19 (RB 19) and Direct Red 81 (DR81) from their aqueous solutions. Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) was used as an adsorbent. Batch studies were performed to analyse various experimental parameters like adsorbent dose, pH, contact time and initial dye concentration. Optimum PAC doses for RB19 and DR81were found to be 0.2 g/L and 0.3g/L, respectively. Effective pH for RB19 and DR81removal was found to be 2 and 7, respectively. In addition, high percent removal with decrease in initial dye concentration was observed. Quasi-equilibrium was attained in 3h for both dyes. Psuedo-second-order rate equation satisfactorily represented the adsorption kinetics for both the dyes. Langmuir and Temkin isotherms were found to best represent the equilibrium data for DR 81-PAC system whereas for RB 19-PAC system Langmuir isotherm was found to be the best suited. Furthermore, thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption of both the dyes onto PAC was exothermic in nature.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58970
Title: Investigation of the Removal Efficiency of Foulants by Anoxic/Aerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating Pickle Wastewater.
Author: Hongxiang Chai, Shen Li.
Editor: K P Sharma, P K Goel.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Tara P Goel, Technoscience Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology Vol 12(no 3), pp. 391-396 (2013)
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Pickle waste water, Membrane bioreactor, Salinity Anoxic/aerobic.
Abstract: Pickle wastewater was treated by anoxic/aerobic membrane bioreactor. Three groups of experiments were designed under the condition of different feed loadings to research on treating pickle wastewater by mixed MBR with PVDF. In the case of normal temperature, the salinity was 2-3%, the bio-film density was 15% in both of the anoxic and serobic zones; DO was 1mg/L and MLSS was 2000 mg/L and MLSS was 6000 mg/L in the aerobic zone. The ratio of the recycling mixture was 200%; the sorption pumps were turned off for 3 minutes in every 10 minutes; the pressure gradient was 15KPa. According to the study of removal efficiencies of organic pollutant, it indicates that when the feed loading is 1.2 kg COD/(m3.d), the removal efficiency is optimal. And the effluent concentrations of COD, NH4+-N and SS satisfy the requirement of the first class discharge standard of comphrehensive discharge standard of sewage (GB8978-1996)
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58969
Title: Characterization and Valuation of the Domestic Solid Waste of Fidjrosse District in Cotonou (Republic of Benin) by Aerobic Composting.
Author: Cyrille Tchakpa, Patrick A Edorh, Patient Guedenon, Michel Boko.
Editor: K P Sharma, P K Goel.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Tara P Goel, Technoscience Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology Vol 12(no 3), pp. 383-390 (2013)
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Domestic solid waste, Fermentable waste Aerobic composting, Fidjrosse
Abstract: This work proceeded in Fidjrosse district in Cotonou from November 2009 to December 2010. It consisted with a field investigation, with the characterization of urban solid waste collected in this district, with valorisation by aerobic composting of the fermentable fraction of the waste. From work of investigation it arises that 25 % of households continue to throw their faeces on wild dumps while 13.33% continue to make the incineration. 81.67% of the surveyed households have daily production of waste lower than 1kg. The characterization of collected waste records in mass 50.19% of biodegradable matters; 8.31% of plastics; 4% of paperboard; 1.58% of metal; 1.11% of textile debris of mattress; 1.01% of glasses; 0.79 of shoes and leathers;0.7% of used batteries; 75% of moisture for the fermentable fraction. On the whole, 262 kg of fermentable waste was composted with an output of 65, 67% which is approximately 172 kg of ripe compost. The physico-chemical characteristics of the compost obtained give inter alia values a report of ratio C/N of 11.69 % and one rate of total phosphorus 0.062%. The real-mould of our compost has a heavy CEC and holds the nutritive mineral ions as the cations K+ and Ca2+ and phosphate so as to make available for plants for their growth and to improve the soil fertility of the site as well as its increased need for organic soil conditioner.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58968
Title: Research on Building Wind Environment Based on the Comparison of Wind Tunnel Experiments and Numerical Simulations.
Author: Li Yang.
Editor: K P Sharma, P K Goel.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Tara P Goel, Technoscience Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology Vol 12(no 3), pp. 375-382 (2013)
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Wind tunnel experiment, Numerical simulation, Atmospheric boundary layer, Wind load, Wind environment.
Abstract: With the continuous development of computer, computer numerical simulation is widely applied. In this paper, a combination of experimental and theoretical analysis, wind tunnel experiments and numerical simulation results are compared. It is anchored to the architechtural wind environmental studies, explored the relationship between the environment and the building and the role of the environment on the building development, and the impact of the wind environment on the architectural design and the structural design, in order to restore the positive interactions between the environment and the building, and lay the foundation for the road to the sustainable development of the building.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58967
Title: Smart Grid initiative in India and Supreme ' s Experience.
Author: Harish Kumar Agarwal.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2013
Publisher: A Chary Publication
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India. Vol 53(no 9), pp. 78-90 (2013)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Smart Grid, Distribution Management System, Electrical Power System.
Abstract: Electrical Power System Globally is undergoing paradigm shift. Key drivers to this shift is the need to reduce the carbon footprint , replace aging assets and utilize rapid advancement in information and communication technology. This shift has lead to the development, what is called smart grid. It may be relevant to say that while ICT is already widely used in transmission voltages but very little real time bi-directional communication exists between consumers and the utilities in Distribution Circuits. Smart grid as a concept is still not fully defined - its various components and technologies and the comprehensiveness of its scope is still evolutionary.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58966
Title: Prefabricated Substation.
Author: Mukesh D Mulchandani.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2013
Publisher: A Chary Publication
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India. Vol 53(no 9), pp. 62-66 (2013)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Prefabricated Substation.
Abstract: In any process or chemical plant, refinery or petrochemical complex, power station or large industrial installation, certain activities are time consuming and are on critical path. Completion of such activities in time is critical for overall project schedule. Civil works for main recieving substations is one such activity on critical path as overall commissioning schedule of plant depends on timely completion of substation building is an RCC or masonry brick construction and equipment such as switchboard and panels are housed inside it. This requires lot of co-ordination between electrical and civil discipline at the design stage.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58965
Title: Pre-commissioning tests on Power Cables.
Author: B Nageshwar Rao, K P Meena, Thirumurthy, G K Raja.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2013
Publisher: A Chary Publication
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India. Vol 53(no 9), pp. 56-58 (2013)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Pre-commissioning tests, Power Cables.
Abstract: Power cables form an integral part of power distribution and transmission system. Power cables which are manufactured are routine tested at factory and transported to the site in cable drums. Due to limitation in the size of cable length in each drum, several drum lengths are used for laying long length cables, which necessitates the use of cable joints. However, the reliability of newly laid up cable system along its route depends on performance of each component like cable, the type, quality and workmanship of cable joints, etc. Therfore before energizing the cable system, to check the system reliability and integrity of the cable, pre-commissioning tests are conducted after laying of cable and cable accessories. The tests also ensures the healthiness of the cable insulation before putting the cable into operation.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58964
Title: Identification and Performance Differentiation of Peroxide Cured Dry Cable over Silane Based Moisture Cure MV Cable.
Author: Arnab Majumdar, Milind S Chavan.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2013
Publisher: A Chary Publication
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India. Vol 53(no 9), pp. 54-55 (2013)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Performance, Differentiation, Peroxide, Dry Cable, Silane , Moisture cure, MV Cable.
Abstract: At present more than 95% of underground medium voltage/ HT (33 to 46kv) XLPE Power cables are manufactured with state-of-the-art true triple extrusion peroxide cured technology with the continuous vulcanization process in dry and inert atmosphere of Nitrogen gas. At the same time merely few countries continue with Silane based moisture cured technology to manufacture MV cable in batch process.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58963
Title: How to choose the best electrical CAD software for your needs.
Author: A Venkatakrishnan.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2013
Publisher: A Chary Publication
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India. Vol 53(no 9), pp. 48-53 (2013)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Electrical CAD Software, security.
Abstract: Choosing the right electrical CAD software is crucial, but making a qualified decision can be tough for the first time user. Below we take a look at what you should demand, from your new electrical CAD software.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58962
Title: Understand Connector Selection to Avoid Downtime.
Author: Lapp India.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2013
Publisher: A Chary Publication
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India. Vol 53(no 9), pp. 40-44 (2013)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Connector, Downtime.
Abstract: A typical manufacturing plant today will have thousands, or even many thousands, of electrical connections on both fixed equipment and moving machines. And it is just a matter of time before some of those connections fail or wear out, bringing production machines to a dead stop. One way to minimize this downtime is to ' connectorize ' power and signal cables.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58961
Title: SCADA and its Benefits - SCADA has an enormous influence on the reduction of man power due to automation.
Author: Sarat Kumar Sahoo, Prabhakar Karthikeyan, Subhronil Dey.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2013
Publisher: A Chary Publication
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India. Vol 53(no 9), pp. 34-39 (2013)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: SCADA, distributed control systems.
Abstract: Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) software which is suitable to distributed control systems is a demand for system developers because the characteristics of existing SCADA software packages are hard to satisfy the requirements of distributed systems. For the strengths of component oriented techniques, this article proposes a component-oriented architechture of SCADA software to satisfy the demand of distributed control systems..
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58960
Title: Efficient & Safe Planning of Complete Power Distribution System.
Author: Srinivasan K
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2013
Publisher: A Chary Publication
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India. Vol 53(no 9), pp. 24-32 (2013)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: safe planning, power distribution system, infrastructure, buildings.
Abstract: Power supply is the ' vital artery ' of alll electrical installations like industrial plants, Infrastructure and Buildings. The core needs of electrical power distribution are ' Reliability ' , ' Efficiency ' & ' Safety ' . Increasingly, higher expectations and demands are placed on power system design, as early as in the planning stage, like high level of safety, flexibililty throughout the entire life cycle, low capital investment, compactness, low level of operating cost, ease of operation and maintenance, low level of environmental pollution, integration of renewable energy sources etc. Other crucial challenge is the coordination of the individual products and systems, involved in power distribution whenever they are sourced from multiple vendors/suppliers. This leads to concerns like difficulty during integrating different systems, compatibility issues, project delay etc. Sometimes this also leads to cost over-run or sacrificing or compromising some real needs.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58959
Title: Transformer Types for Wind Turbine Applications.
Author: Mark Lashbrook, Nitin Satija, Russell Martin.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2013
Publisher: A Chary Publication
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India. Vol 53(no 10), pp. 92-96 (2013)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Transformer, Wind Turbine, grid connection.
Abstract: Wind turbine transformers pose a unique set of challenges to designers and engineers who specify them. The transformers are of distribution size and rating, but do a very different job to a standard distribution unit. The schematic in fig.1 shows a typical set up for a wind farm all the way from the wind turbine to the grid connection.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58958
Title: Off-shore Wind Farms.
Author: Yogesh Bhamare.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2013
Publisher: A Chary Publication
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India. Vol 53(no 10), pp. 86-90 (2013)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Off-shore, Wind farms.
Abstract: Share of renewable power generation technology as a percentage of total global power generation has increased steadily from 19% (2900 TWh) in 2000 to ~22%(4848 TWh) in 2012. With international commitments to curb global warming and skepticism about nuclear power, countries are taking on the ambitious target of increasing the share of renewables to around one-third of the world wide power generation by 2020. While conventional sources such as hydropower are heading towards stable level (~16-17% of total world power generation), wind energy is expected to play a major role and is expected to contribute around 6% (1576 TWh) of total world power generation, more than double of its 2012 level of 2.8% (613 TWh).
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 58957
Title: Effective Management Techniques - Turning a Loss making company into a profitable one - Case Study.
Author: C V Govinda Raju.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2013
Publisher: A Chary Publication
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India. Vol 53(no 10), pp. 52- 58 (2013)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Management Techniques, KAVIKA, Electrical Transformer.
Abstract: I would like to take up the case of M/s KAVIKA, Karnataka Vidyuth Karkhane Limited, a Govt. of Karnataka Undertaking, which manufacture Power Transformers mainly for various Electricity Boards in the Country, (GEF), is the oldest Electrical Transformer manufacturing unit in this country. Despite its quality product, the undertaking had been incurring serious financial losses.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None