ID: 59872
Title: REMOVAL OF IRON FROM GROUND WATER USING EMBLICA OFFICINALIS BASED WOOD CHARCOAL.
Author: T.J. Thomas and G.Madhu
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 423-427 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Emblica officinalis, Low cost adsorbent, Iron, Adsorption, Isotherms.
Abstract: The presence of iron was observed in few ground water samples analysed from the tube wells of Wayanad district. It is observed that these tubewells are more than 400 feet in depth. The presence of iron in ground water of tubewells that are 400 feet or above in depth are highly possible. The removal of iron from groundwater by a low cost natural adsorbent was investigated in the present study. The wood charcoal prepared from the hard wood of Emblica officinalis was investigated for the effective removal of iron from water samples. At first the study was conducted with synthetic solution and the efficiency of the adsorbent was confirmed and then it was directly used for the removal of iron from the ground water samples. The influence of pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage and initial concentration on adsorption efficiency was analysed. The adsorption efficiency was found to be influenced by pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and initial concentration of the metal ion. The most favourable pH was found to be 4 and the removal of the metal gave the best result with a minimum contact time of 60 minutes. The optimum adsorbent dosage was found to be 800-900 mg. The initial concentration of the solution also was found to be influence the % removal of iron from the water samples. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of the adsorbents used for iron was measured and extrapolated using Freundich and Langmuir isotherms. The IR spectrum of the adsorbent was recorded to analysis the presence of functional groups influencing the metal ion adsorption on the plant based adsorbent.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Anusha, G. 2011. Removal of iron from waste using bael fruit shells as adsorbent. 2011 2nd International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, IPCBEE.6, IACSIT Press Singapore.
Deans, J.R. and Dixon, B.G. 1992. Uptake of Pb2+ and Cu2+ by novel biopolymers. Water Res. 26 (4): 469-472.
Literature cited 2: Hanzlik, P., Jehlicka, J., Weishauptova, Z., and Sebek, O. 2004. Adsorption of copper, cadmium and silver from aqueous solutions unto natural carbonaceous materials. Plant Soil Environ. 50 (6): 257-264.
Rafika Souag, Djilai Touaibia, Benchreit Benayada and Ali Boucenna. 2009. Adsorption of heavy metals (Cd, Zn and Pb) from water using Keratin powder prepared from Algerian Sheep Hoofs. European J. of Scientific Research. 35 (3): 416-425.
ID: 59871
Title: MYCOBIOTA OF DECOMPOSING FLORAL WASTE MATERIALS.
Author: Shobha Shouche, Praveesh Bhatt, Mrs.Zeemi Nema and Sudhir Kumar Jain.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 417-422 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Floral waste, Vermicoposting, Filamentous fungi, Isolation, Identification.
Abstract: The role of fungi in decomposition of organic compounds is well known. Fungal diversity reflects the composition of mycobiota related to waste materials. The present study has concerned about the isolation & identification of fungi related to floral wastes. The process was done by conventional method of vermicomposting with different proportions of floral wastes and cattle dung, using appropriate media and techniques. The collected samples were examined by plate count analysis on CDA medium revealed average number of fungi from all the three seasons was 1.37x105 CFU/ml. In rainy season average factor was 1.065 where as in winter and summer season average factor was 0.978 and 0.958 respectively. Among all the fungi 12 strains were obtained more abundantly in all the three seasons .Aspergillus species were obtained as the most dominant genus among fungal community. Results were shown to presence of diverse genera of fungi included Mucor, Cladosporium, Alternaria, Aspergillus and Penicillium were dominant genera. Aspergillus and Alternaria were found to be most frequent isolated genera.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Anastasi, A., Varese, G.C., and Marchisio, V.F. 2005. Isolation and identification of fungal communities in compost and vericompost. Mycologia. 97 (1): 33-44.
Ashraf, R. and Ali, T.A. 2006. Effect of oil (crude petroleum) on the survival and growth of soil fungi. Int. J. Biol. Biotech 3 (1): 127-133.
Literature cited 2: Dubey, R.C. and Maheshwan, D.K.2005. A text of Microbiology. Multicolour illustrative ed. S. Chand and Company Ltd. Ram Nagar, New Delhi 110055.
Edward, C.A. and Fletcher, K.E. 1988. Interactions between earthworms and microorganisms in organic matter breakdown. Agriculture Ecosystem and Environment. 24: 135-147.
ID: 59870
Title: ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME ETHNO-MEDICINAL PANTS USED BY TRIBES OF DISTRICT GUNA, MADHYA PRADESH, INDIA.
Author: Rakesh Samar, Manju Jain and P.N.Shrivastava.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 411-416 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Ethno-medicinal plants, Tribes, Antimicrobial activity.
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to investigate the antimicrobial activity of some ethno-medicinal plants used by tribes of district Guna, Madhya Pradesh, India. Antimicrobial activity of 04 ethno-medicinal plant extracts were evaluated against three bacterial strains. The collected ethno-medicinal plants were used in folk medicine in the treatment of jaundice, laxatives, opthalmics, anthelmics, expectorants, purgative and self-medication. All the tested plants, Acacia Arabica, butea monosperma, Cassia fistula and Cassia tora exhibited antimicrobial activity against one or more of the tested microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Streptococcus pyogenes at five different concentrations of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mg/disc. Among the tested plant extracts, ethanolic extracts exhibited a higher degree of antimicrobial activity as compared distilled water extracts. The ethanolic extracts of Acacia Arabica and Cassia fistula were most active against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella thyphimurium.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Abo, K.A., Laski S.W and Adeyemi, A.A. 1999. Laxative and antimicrobial properties of Cassia species growing in Ibadan. Nigerian Journal of Natural products and Medicine. 3: 47-50.
Agrawal, M.K., Rathore, D., Goyal, S., Varma, A. and Varma, A. 2013. Antibacterial efficacy of Brassica campestris Root, Stem and Leaves extracts. Internaional Journal of Advanced Research. 1 (5): 131-135.
Literature cited 2: Agrawal, M.K., Goyal, S, Varma, A. and Varma, A. 2012. Antibacterial activities of some antibiotics against clinical isolates of certain bacterial strains with special reference to Lantana camara leaf extracts. Indian Journal of Scientific Research. 3 (2): 149-154.
Agrawal, M.K., Varma, A.K., Dwevedi, S., and Saify, T. 2007. The antibacterial activity of the extracts of Lantana camara leaves against the skin disease causing bacteria. Indian Journal of Applied Life Sciences. 3(2): 15-16.
ID: 59869
Title: PRODUCTION AND PURIFICATION OF POLYPHENOLOXIDASE FROM ASH GUARD PEEL.
Author: Zoya Javed, Shailendra Kumar Shrivastva and Gyan Datta Tripathi.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 405-409 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Polyphenol oxidase, thermophillic Bacillus subtalis, DEAE Cellulose and Ammonium sulphate precipitation.
Abstract: Polyphenol oxidases are enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of certain phenolic substrates to quinines in the presence of molecular oxygen. Polyphenol oxidases are widely used in several applications like food industry, medicine, wastewater treatment etc. In this study, detection, purification and characterization of polyphenol oxidase from thermophilic Bacillus subtilis, which was isolated from soil samples. Chemical analysis of Ash Gourd had been performed the chemical component, Protein 12.4 mg, Total soluble sugar 1.1mg, Moisture Content 93.1 % and Organic content 0.61 % was recorded. By using these values a media was standardized for the growth of bacteria which was significantly used for production of Polyphenol Oxidase enzymes. The enzyme was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by DEAE Cellulose ion exchange chromatography.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Adnan, T.A.B.T., Augustin, M.A. and Ghazali, H.M. 1986. Polyphenoloxidase from Starfruit (Averrhoa carambola, L). Pertanika. 9 (2): 219-224.
AOAC 1965. Official methods of analysis of the association of Official Agricultural Chemists, 10 th edn., Washington, D.C., Rodriguez Couto.S. and J.L. Toca Herrera. 2006. Industrial and biotechnological applications of laccases: a review: Biotechnol Adv 24 (5): 500-13
Literature cited 2: Biglelow, P. and Wyman, E. 2004. Production of cellulolytic on bagasse pretreated with chemicals. Applied Biochem. Biotechnol. 102: 78-82.
Carey and Francis, A. 1996. Organic Chemistry. New York: McGraw Hill.
ID: 59868
Title: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DNA EXTRACTION METHODS IN MARINE FISH SPECIES.
Author: N.Pratima, Anurag Chaturvedi, K.Manorama, M.R.Krishna Bhaghavathu and M.Sreedhar.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 399-403 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Fish species, DNA extraction buffer, Fish DNA isolation kit.
Abstract: High quality DNA extractions are required for genetic studies. Eight commercially important fish species were chosen for molecular studies. Species and population genetic assessment requires a reliable source of biological material. Different tissues may contain varying amount of DNA (e.g scales, muscles tissues) which may not be equally dealt with by different extraction methods. A number of commercial kits for DNA extraction are available. Routine protocols have also been developed for many different tissues in different species. Yet it is often necessary to establish which is the most appropriate DNA extraction method for a certain tissue in a given research context. In the present study, DNA extracted from eight marine fish species were carried by a standard method using CTAB, a rapid phenol chloroform method, and an advanced method for fish DNA extraction. Quantity of DNA was higher in the standard methods, but adequate quantity and quality of DNA obtained when DNA was extracted by the advanced fish DNA extraction method.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Dooley, J.J Sage, H.D., Clarke, M.A., Brown, H.M. and Garrett, S.D., 2005b. Fish species identification using PCR-RFLP analysis and lab-on-chip capillary electrophoresis: application to detect white fish species in food products and an inter laboratory study. J. Agri Food Chem 53 (9): 3348-57.
Taggart, J.B. Hynes, R.A., Prodoh, P.A., et al 1992. A Simplified protocol for routine total DNA isolation from salmonid fishes. Journal of Fish Biology 40 (6): 963-965.
Literature cited 2: Tel-Zur, N., Abbos, Myslabodski, D. and Mizrahi, Y. 1999. Modified CTAB procedure for DNA isolation from epiphytic cacti of the genera Hylocereus and selenicereus (cactaceae). Plant Mol Biol Rep. 17: 249.
ID: 59867
Title: SEROTYPE PROFILE AND ACID RESISTANCE OF ESCHERICHIA COLI STRAINS ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT INDAN FOOD.
Author: Sanjay Chhibber, Sonia B Bhardwaj and Preeti Aghi.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 395-398 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: E. coli, E. coli 0157: H7, Acidic food, Hemorrhagic colitis.
Abstract: Most of the outbreaks of hemorrhagic colitis have been related with the consumption of undercooked ground beef or raw milk. Outbreaks involving acidic foods (apple cider, dry fermented sausage and mayonnaise) due to E. coli 0157:H7 have already been reported. But no attempt has been made to look for its prevalence in different Indian foods having low pH. The study was planned to ascertain the incidence of enterohemorrhagic E.coli in different foods being sold in the market. Samples of foods like mango chatni, lemonade, Imli pani, ladoo etc were taken and processed according to standard methods. Sixteen strains of E. coli were isolated and their serotype profile and ability to grow at an acidic pH was determined. The predetermined E.coli serotype was 02 (18.75 %) followed by 018,050 and 0158 (12.50 %) each. However, no enterohemorrhagic E.coli belonging to serotype 0157: H7 was isolated. Acid tolerance studies on acid adapted and non acid adapted strains of enterohemorrhagic E.coli, enteroaggregative E.coli, faecel E.coli and E.coli isolated from urinary tract was evaluated by growing them in foods like yoghurt, sweet lime juice and mango drink. The results better survival of acid adapted enterohemorrhagic E.coli as compared to other strains of E.coli.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Anonymous, (centers for Disease control) 1993. Multi-state outbreak of Escherichia coli 0157: H7 infections from hamburgers-western United States. MMWR. 42 (14): 258-263.
Basett, J.P. and McClure, 2008. A risk assessment approach for fresh fruits. J. Appl. Microbiol. 104: 925-943.
Literature cited 2: Besser, R.E., Lett Weber, S.M., Doyle, M.P., Barrett, T.J., Wells, J.G. and Griffin, P.M 1993. An outbreak of diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome from Escherichia Coli 0157: H7 in fresh pressed apple cider. JAMA. 269: 2217-2220.
Brandl, M.T. 2006. Fitness of human enteric pathogens on plants and implications for food safety. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 44: 367-392.
ID: 59866
Title: THE LINK BETWEEN BREAST CANCER AND DIABETES.
Author: Suman Kumar Ray.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 389-394(2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Breast Cancer, Diabetes, Risk factor, Insulin-like growth factor (IGF).
Abstract: There is a consensus that diabetes is associated with a spectrum of breast cancers but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. On the other hand, there are ongoing debates about the risk association of insulin use with cancer. We have briefly reviewed recent related research on exploration of risk factors for breast cancer and diabetes and also link between them. Epidemiological studies have shown an association between diabetes mellitus and breast cancer: there is a twofold increased risk for breast cancer in women with late onset diabetes. Hyperinsulenemia and hyperglycemia are biomarkers for insulin resistance. Both of these disorders are critical to the initial development and progression of breast cancer. The hyperinsulinaemia seen in late onset diabetes may promote breast cancer because insulin is a growth factor for human breast cancer cells. At least four mechanisms may associate diabetes mellitus and breast cancer: activation of the insulin pathway, activation of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway, altered regulation of endogenous sex hormones and altered regulation of adipocytokines.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: American Diabetic Association. 2012. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 35: 64-71.
Baliunas, D.O., Taylor, B.J., Irving, H., Roerecke, M., Patra, J., Mohapatra, S. and Rehm, J. 2009. Alcohol as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes: Asystematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 32: 2123-2123.
Literature cited 2: Barclay, A.W., Petocz, P., McMillan-Price, J., Flood, V.M., Prvan, T., Mitchell, P. and Brand-Miller, J.C. 2008. Glycemic index, glycemic load, and chronic disease risk-a metaanalysis of observational studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 87: 627-737
Barone, B.B., Yeh, H.C. and Snyder, C.F. 2008. Long-term all-cause mortality in cancer patients with preexisting diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Jour of the Ame Med Assoc. 300 (23): 2754-2764.
ID: 59865
Title: OPTIMIZATION OF CULTURAL CONDITIONS FOR BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION BY A PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIUM RHODOCYCLUS TENUIS KU 017.
Author: Srinivas Munjam and K.Jyothi Rani.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 381-388 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Rhodocyclus tenuis, Bio-hydrogen, Immobisization, Cultural conditions, Light/dark, Anaerobiosis /aerobiosis.
Abstract: Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria as a part of their photosynthetic metabolism release hydrogen which can be employed as non-conventional and eco-friendly energy source. Rc tenuis KU 017, one such organism isolated from paper industry effluents, was found to produce significant amounts of hydrogen under varied conditions. In the present investigations an effort was made to optimize the conditions for the maximum production of hydrogen by this organism. Actively growing cells were found to be more efficient and sustained hydrogen production for longer period than resting cells. Resting cells preferred light anaerobic conditions for hydrogen production and required more lag period for hydrogen production. Growing cells produced more hydrogen during early phase of growth. The organism was able to utilize a wide variety of organic substances as carbon/electron donors. Sorbitol, formate, lactate and glucose were found to be good sources of carbon for hydrogen production. Growing cells preferred pH 7.0, whereas resting cells preferred pH 6.8 with 120h optimum incubation period for hydrogen production. Growing cells produced more hydrogen under aerobic dark than aerobic light conditions. On the other hand, under anaerobic conditions hydrogen production was more in illuminated conditions. Hydrogen production was optimum at temperature range 25-40 ? C. At 30 ? C growing cells produced maximum hydrogen in 120h, while resting cells preferred 96h duration.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Biebel, H. and Pfenning, H. 1981. Isolation of members of the family Rhodospirillaceae In: Starr MP, Stolp H, Truper HG, Balows A, Schlegel HG, editors. The prokaryotes. pp 267-73.
Datta, M., Nikki, G. and Shah V. 2000. Cynobacterial hydrogen production. World JMicrobial Biotechnol. 16: 8-9.
Literature cited 2: David Levin, B., Lawrence Pitt. And Murray Love. 2004. Biohydrogen production: Prospects and limitations to practical applications. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 29: 173-85.
Francou, N.anf Vignais, P.M. 1984. Hydrogen production by Rhodopseudomonas capsulate cells entrapped in carregeenan beads. Biotechnol Lett. 6: 639-44.
ID: 59864
Title: A STUDY ON PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA BIOFILM FORMATION USING ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY.
Author: Ashwin Kannan, Subramanian Ramalingam and Pennathur Gautam.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 379-380 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Biofilm, Force distance curve, Adhesion force.
Abstract: Biofilms are bacterial cells in a matrix of extracellular polymeric material. They are formed at air-liquid or liquid-solid interface. Formation of biofilms is undesirable since it causes failure of implants and biocorrosion of pipelines. Hence studies on biofilms are important. In this study, the adhesion force of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms were 6.9 ? 0.2 nN and 11.8 ? 0.7 nN respectively. The results indicate that the adhesiveness of biofilm increases with incubation time.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Lyczak, J.B., Cannon, C. and Pier, G.B. 2000. Establishment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: lessons from a versatile opportunist. Microb Infect. 2: 1051-1060.
Maa, J, Liu, B.F., Xu, Q.Y. and Cui, F.Z. 2005. AFM study of hippocampal cells cultured on silicon wafers with nano-scale surface topograph. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 44: 152-157.
Literature cited 2: Oh, Y.J. Lee, N.R. Jo, W., Jung, W.K. and Lim, J.S. 2009. Effects of substrates on biofilm formation observed by atomic force microscopy. Ultramicroscopy. 109: 874-880.
Parsek, M.R. and Singh, P.K. 2003. Bacterial biofilms: an emerging link to disease pathogenesis. Annu Rev Microbiol. 57: 677-701.
ID: 59863
Title: ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF BOSWELIA OVALIFOLIOLATA BAL. AND HENRY AN ENDEMIC PLANT TO TIRUMALA HILLS OF EASTERN GHATS, INDIA.
Author: M.Rambabu, S.KM. Basha, P. Uma Maheswari and C.V. Narasimha Murthy
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 377-378 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Boswellia ovalifoliolata-Bark, Gum, Antimicrobial activity.
Abstract: Boswellia ovalifoliolata N.P. Balakr & A.N. Henry (Burseraceae), vernacularly known as Konda sambrani or adavi guggilam, is a deciduous medium sized tree endemic to Seshachalam hills. The antibacterial activity of the bark and gum extracts of Boswellia ovifoliata were studied against B. subtilis, S.aureus S. pneumonia, E.coli, P.aeruginosa and P.vulgaris. by agar well diffusion method. The results show that ethanol, methanol and chloroform extracts of both bark and gum showed antimicrobial activity against B.subtilis, S.aureus S.pneumonia, and P.aeruginosa and P.vulgaris.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Gamble, J.S. 1957. Flora of the Presidency of Madras. Vol: 1-3 B.S.I. Calcutta.
Gibbs, R.D. 1974. Chemotaxonomy of Flowering Plants. Vol, 1-4, Mc Gill Queen ' s University Press, London.
Literature cited 2: Herborne, 1973. Phytochemical Methods. A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis. Chapmen and Hall, London.
Nagaraju, N. and Rao, K.N. 1990. A survey of plant crude drugs of Rayalaseema, Andhra Pradesh. Ind. J. Ethno. Pharmacology. 29: 137-158.
ID: 59862
Title: ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF PIMPINELLA TIRUPATENSIS, BAL. & SUBR: AN ENDEMIC PLANT TO TIRUMALA HILLS OF EASTERN GHATS, INDIA.
Author: P. Uma Maheswari, S.K.M. Basha, M.Rambabu and C.V. Narasimha Murthy.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 373-376 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Pimpinella tirupatensis, Leaf, Tuber, Stem, Antifungal activity, Germacrene D.
Abstract: Pimpinella tirupatensis Bal & Subr. (Family Apiaceae; local name, Kondakothimera) is a rare and endemic medicinal plant and restricted to the Seshachalam hills of the Eastern Ghats, India (Balakrishnan and Subramanyam 1960, Nair and Sastry 1998.) The whole plant of P. tirupatensis is used to treat cough, stomach, liver problems, asthma, ulcer and tooth ache (Reddy and Reddy 1998, Madhava Chetty et. Al., 2008). This plant root extract is also used to treat skin disease (Bakshu and Venkata Raju 2002, Jeevan Ram et al., 2004). The aim of the study is to investigate the antifungal activity of alcohol extract of leaf, stem and tuber of Pimpinella tirupatensis Bal & Subr. The leaf, stem and tuberous roots of Pimpinella tirupatensis (Apiaceae) were subjected extraction and tested against four fungal pathogenic strains for antifungal activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration of active extracts against four strains A. niger, F. oxysporum, R. solani and S. rolfsi. Were determined. The active extracts contained significant amounts of alkaloids, flavonols, flavones and volatile oils. Two important photochemical compounds Germacrene D (4.35 %) & and a-Humulene (1.45.6%) are present in rich amount. Germacrene are a class of volatile organic hydrocarbons, specifically, sesquiterpenesy produced in certain plant species and they are known for their antimicrobial and insecticidal properties, though they also play role as insect pheromones. P-Cymen is a volatile oil which found to have antioxidant property.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Bakshu, L.M.D. and Venkata Raju, R.R. 2002. Essential oil composition and antifungal activity of tuberous roots of Pimpinella tirupatensis Bal.& Subr., and endemic taxon from eastern Ghats, India. Flavor and Fragrance Journal. 17: 413-415.
Balakrishnan, N.P. and Subramanyanm, 1960. A new species of Pimpinella from Tirupati hills, South India. Bull Bot. Surv. India. 2: 427-428.
Literature cited 2: Jeevan Ram, A., Md. Bakshu, L. and Venkata Raju, R.R. 2004. In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Certain Medicinal Plants from Eastern Ghats, India, used for skin diseases. J Ethnopharmaco. 90: 353-357
Madhava Chetty, K., Siraj, K. and Tulasi Rao, K. 2008. Flowering plants of Chittor district, Andhra Pradesh, India, Student press. Pp. 360-368.
ID: 59861
Title: DEVELOPMENT OF A MOLECULAR METHOD FOR DETECTION OF MYCOTOXIN CONTAMINATION IN FOOD GRAINS.
Author: Manorama Kanuri, Anurag Chaturvedi, Sreedhar Mulinti, Ravicharan Ameda, Janakipriya Sannasi, Prathima Namburi, Sunil C. Kulkarni and Krishna M.R. Bhagavatula.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 361-372 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Aflatoxin, Ochratoxin, Deoxynivalenol, Fumonism contamination, PCR detection, Aspergillus parasiticus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium verticilloides.
Abstract: Mycotoxin producing gene fragments in fungal strains were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real time PCR (RT-PCR) along with a Bioanalyzer in an attempt to develop a rapid assay for mycotoxin detection. Forward and reverse primers were designed from original gene sequences (obtained from GENBANK) of the three genes, aflQ (ordA), Tril13-DON, and pks, which are key genes involved in the production of three mycotoxins, namely,aflatoxin (AF), deoxynivalenol (DON), and ochratoxin (OTA), using DNASTAR Lasergene 8.0 version software. Primers were selected to amplify a 166 base pair fragment of aflQ from DNA of Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus, a 200 bp fragment of ochratoxin producing polyketide synthase gene from Aspergillus ochraceus, a 250 bp fragment of deoxynivalenol (DON) producing Tri 13 gene from DNA of Fusarium culmorum and a 300 bp fragment of fumonism producing FUM1 gene from DNA of Fusarium verticillioides. The fragments obtained were resolved on a DNA 1000 Labchip in the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer for visualizing the amplified fragments. Amplification of the gene fragments was also achieved using RT-PCR with TAQMAN probes as well as SYBRGREEN, with cT values ranging from 19 to 30 for the four genes. Duplex PCR was successfully attempted to simultaneously detect two sets of genes in one PCR reaction, namely aflQ and Tri13-DON, and FUM1 and aflQ. Mycotoxigenic ability of the fungi contaminating selected food grains, namely, groundnut, maize and rice, was confirmed using both molecular detection method for gene amplification, as well as LC-MS method for mycotoxin detection in the contaminated grains.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Bottalico, A. 1998. Fusarium diseases of cereals: species complex and related mycotoxin profiles in Europe. J. Plant Pathol. 80: 85-103.
Brown, D.W., McCormick, S.P., Alexander, N.J., Proctor, R.H. and Desjardins, A.E. 2001. A genetic and biochemical approach to study trichothecene diversity in Fusarium sporotrichioides and Fusarium graminearum. Fungal Genet Boil. 32: 121-133.
Literature cited 2: Chandler, E.A. Simpson, D.R., Thomsett, M.A. and Nicholson, P. 2003. Development of PCR assays to TRI7 and Tri 13 trichothecene biosynthetic genes and characterization of chemotypes of Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium cerealis. Physiol Mol Plant P. 62: 355-367.
D ' Mello J.P.F., Placinta, C.M. and Macdonald, A.M.C. 1999. Fusarium mycotoxins: a review of global implications for animal health, welfare and productivity.Anim Feed Sci Tech. 80: 183-205.
ID: 59860
Title: MECHANISM STUDIES OF BIOSORPTION OF PB USING ASPERGILLUS NIGER BIOMASS.
Author: Anjali Krishnan and Lolly Jain.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 355-360 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: SEM, EDX, Immobilization, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.
Abstract: Fungal strain-Aspergillus niger was isolated from effluent of chemical and pharmaceutical industry using SDA agar. The strain was sequenced by PCR METHOD. Pretreatment of the biomass obtained was carried out and the dried powdered form was used for biosorption of heavy metals. This dried biomass was immobilized in Ca-alginate beads. Ability of Pb biosorption with immobilized Aspergillus niger biomass was premeditated in the present study. The concentration of Lead in the filtrate was then analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectophotometer. The biosorption mechanism was studied using suitable techniques of SEM and EDX. The SEM analysis of both the normal biomass and the biosorbed one showed a significant change in the surface morphology, wherein the normal biomass surface showed normal pattern whereas the biosorbed mass showed sticking and shrinking leading to elongation. The EDX results enabled to detect the elements which played a key role in biosorption. Suitable conditions for Aspergillus niger to take up lead were studied by optimization. Following which biosorptive capacity too was calculated by quantifying the metal absorbed. The biosorption capacity was testes on a waste water sample obtained and was found to have an efficiency of 87%.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Ahmad, S. Zafar and Ahmad, F. 2005 Heavy Metal Biosorption potential of Aspergillus and Rhizopus sp. Isolated from wastewater treated soil. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management. 9: 123-126.
Ahmad, I., Ansari, M. and Aqil, F. 2006 Biosorption of Ni, Cr and Cd by multi tolerant Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. Using single and multi-metal solution. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 44: 73-76.
Literature cited 2: Awasthi, M. and Rai, L. 2004. Adsorption of nickel, zinc and cadmium by immobilized green algae and cynobacteria: a comparative study. Annals of Microbiology. 54 (3): 257-267.
Awofolu, O.R, O.J.Okonkwo and R.V.D. Merwe. 2006. A new approach to chemical modification protocols of Aspergillus niger and sorption of lead ion by fungal species. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology. 9: 341-348.
ID: 59859
Title: IDENTIFICATION OF MOLECULAR MARKERS (RAPDS) FOR NEMATODE RESISTANCE IN CHILLIES.
Author: Khagandra Mani Meduri, S.Siva Rama Krishnan, K.Raghu Prakash and S.Naga Lakshmi
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 351-354 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: BSA (Bulk Segregant Analysis), RAPD markers, Oligonucleotide primers
Abstract: A survey of chilli grown areas of Andhra Pradesh was undertaken to identify the predominant nematode race. Chillies (Capsicum annuum L.) production is seriously affected by root knot nematode disease to which noresistant source available in the cultivated germplasm to identify the resistance and susceptible germplasm of chilli. 60 RAPD markers were analyzed by bulk segregant analysis of the 60 RAPD markers analyzed none gave any polymorphim b/w the bulks.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Lawrence, G.J., Finnegan, E.J., Ayliffe, M.A. and Ellis, J.G. 1995. The gene for flax rust resistance is related to the Arabidopsis bacterial resistance gene RPS2 and the tobacco viral resistance gene N. Plant Cell. 7: 1195-1206.
Michelmore, R.W. and Paran, I. 1991 Genetic Identification of markers linked to disease resistance genes by bulked segregant analysis: A rapid method to detect markers in specific genomic regions by using segregating populations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, (USA). 88: 9828-9832.
Literature cited 2: Moscone, E.A., Dareny, M., Ebert, I., Greilhuber J., Ehrenbrofer, F. and Hunzik, AT. 2003. Analysis of nuclear DNA content in Capsicum by flow cytometry and fuelzen densitometry. Annals Bot. 92: 21-29.
Quarrie, A.A., Jancic, V.L., Kovacevic, D., Steed, A. and Pekic, S. 1999. Bulk segregant analysis with molecular markers and its use for improving drought resistance in maize. J. Expt. Bot. 50: 1299-1306.
ID: 59858
Title: MANAGEMENT OF HETERODERA AVENAE ON WHEAT USING VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA WITH OIL CAKES.
Author: Ameetha Sharma and P.C. Trivedi.
Editor: Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: Global science publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences vol. 16 (2) 347-350 (2014.)
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental sciences
Keywords: Wheat, Heterodera avenae, Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza, Organic amendments.
Abstract: In the present study, efficiency of different oil cakes like Sesame and Neem, individually and in combination with different species of VAM were evaluated in decreasing the disease frequency of Heterodera avenae and enhancing the growth parameters of Triticum aestivum, L. variety Wh-147. Their efficacious nature was highly effective in reducing the nematode population and significant improvement was observed in various plant parameters under study. Neem cake alone and in combination with VAM fungi proved better than sesame cake. Out of two species of VAM isolated from the local fields, Glomus fasciculatum proved to be more effective, however Glomus fasciculatum and Gigaspora gigantean, both greatly decreased nematode population along with enhancement in growth parameters. Overall assessment revealed that both VAM and oil cakes can be explored as an alternative means of managing plant parasitic nematodes.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Arya, R. and Saxena, S.K. 2009. Efficacy of rhizosphere fungi against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and Rhizoctonia solani in tomato crop. Indian J Nematol. 39: 113-6.
Gangwar, M. and Dutt, D. 2009. Effect of Azorhizobium and VAM inoculation on fertilizer economy and yield of maize (Zea mays L) Journal of Research Punjab Agricultural University. 46: 55-59.
Literature cited 2: Gerdemann, J.W. and Nicolson, T.H. 1963. Spores of mycorrhizal Endogone species extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 46: 235-244.
Hussey, R.S. and Roncadori, R.W. 1982. Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza my limit nematode activity and improve pant growth. Plant Disease, 66: 9-14