ID: 59992
Title: Understanding the optical responses of leaf nitrogen in Mediterranean Holm oak (Quercus ilex) using field spectroscopy.
Author: Javier Pacheco-Labrador, Rosario Gonzalez-Cascon, M. Pilar Martin, David Riano.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 26 105-118 (2014).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
Keywords: Field spectroscopy, Leaf nitrogen, Quercus ilex, spectral index.
Abstract: The direct estimation of nitrogen (N) in fresh vegetation is challenging due to its weak influence on leaf reflectance and the overlaps with absorption features of other compounds. Different empirical models relate in this work leaf nitrogen concentration ([N] Leaf) on Holm oak to leaf reflectance as well as derived spectral indices such as normalized difference indices (NDIs), the three bands indices (TBIs) and indices previously used to predict leaf N and chlorophyll. The models were calibrated and assessed their accuracy, robustness and the strength of relationship when other biochemicals were considered. Red edge was the spectral region most strongly correlated with [N] Leaf, whereas most of the published spectral indexes did not provide accurate estimations. NDIs and TBIs based models could achieve robust and acceptable accuracies (TBI1310, 1720, 730: R2= 0.76, [0.64, 0.86]: RMSE (%) = 9.36, [7.04, 12.83]). These models sometimes included indices with bands close to absorption features of N bonds or nitrogenous compounds, but also of other biochemicals. Models were independently and interr-annually validated using the bootstrap method, which allowed discarding those models non-robust across different years. Partial correlation analysis revealed that spectral estimators did not strongly respond to [N] Leaf but to other leaf variables such as chlorophyll and water, even if bands close to absorption features of N bonds or compounds were present in the models.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: ASD, 1999. ASD Technical Guide, fourth ed. Analytical Spectral Devices, Inc. (ASD), Boulder, CO.
Baldocchi, D., 2003. Assessing the eddy covariance technique for evaluating carbon dioxide exchange rates of ecosystems: past, present and future. Glob. Chang Biol. 9, 479-492.
Literature cited 2: Barnes, J.D., Balaguer, L., Manrique, E., Elvira, S., Davison, A.W., 1992. A reappraisal of the use of DMSO for the extraction and determination of chlorophyll a and b in lichens and higher plants. Environ. Exp. Bot. 32, 85-100.
Beier, C., Emmett, B.A., Penuelas, J., Schmidt, I.K., Tietema, A. Estiarte, M., Gunder-sen, P., Liorens, L., Riis-Nielsen, T., Sowerby, A., Gorissen, A., 2008. Carbon and nitrogen cycles in European ecosystems respond differently to global warming. Sci. Total Environ. 407, 692-697.
ID: 59991
Title: A new methodology to map double-cropping croplands based on continuous wavelet transform.
Author: Bingwen Qiu, Ming Zhong, Zhenghong Tang, Chongyang Wang.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 26 97-104 (2014).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
Keywords: Cropping intensity, Continuous wavelet transform, MODIS, EVI, Double-cropping croplands.
Abstract: Cropping intensity is one of the major factors in crop production and agricultural intensification. A new double-cropping croplands mapping methodology using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) time series datasets through continuous wavelet transform was proposed in this study. This methodology involved four steps. First, daily continuous MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) time series datasets were developed for the study year. Next, the EVI time series datasets were transformed into a two dimensional (time-frequency) wavelet scalogram based on continuous wavelet transform. Third, a feature extraction process was conducted on the wavelet scalogram, where the characteristic spectra were calculated from the wavelet scalogram and the feature peak within two skeleton lines was obtained. Finally, a threshold was determined for feature peak values to discriminate double-cropping croplands within each pixel. The application of the proposed procedure to china ' s Henan Province in 2010 produced an objective and accurate spatial distribution map, which correlated well with in situ observation data (over 90% agreement). The proposed new methodology efficiently handled complex variability that might be caused by regional variation in climate, management practices, growth peaks by winter weed or winter wheat, and data noise. Therefore, the methodology shows promise for future studies at regional scales.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Arvor, D., Jonathan, M., Meirelles, M.S.P., Dubreuil, V., Durieux, L., 2011. Classification of MODIS EVI time series for crop mapping in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. International Journal of Remote Sensing 32, 7847-7871.
Biggs, T.W. Thenkabail, P.S., Gumma, M.K. Scott, C.A., Parthasaradhi, G.R., Turral, H.N., 2006. Irrigated area mapping in heterogeneous landscapes with MODIS time series, ground truth and census data, Krishna Basin, India. International Journal of Remote Sensing 27, 4245-4266.
Literature cited 2: Biradar, C.M., Xiao, X., 2011. Quantifying the area and spatial distribution of double and triple-cropping croplands in India with multi-temporal MODIS imagery in 2005. International Journal of Remote Sensing 32, 367-386.
Chen, C.F. Son, N.T., Chang, L.Y., 2012. Monitoring of rice cropping intensity in the upper Mekong Delta, Vietnam using time-series MODIS data. Advances in Space Research 49, 292-301.
ID: 59990
Title: Hyperspectral and multispectral satellite-sensors for mapping chlorophyll content in a Mediterranean Pinus syslvestris L. plantation.
Author: Rafael M Navarro-cerrillo, Jesus Trujillo, Manuel Sanchez de la Orden
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 26 88-96 (2014).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
Keywords: Multi and hyper spectral sensors, Chlorophyll, Mediterranean pine forests, Spectral vegetation indices
Abstract: A new generation of narrow-band hyperspectral remote sensing data offers an alternative to broad -band multispectral data for the estimation of vegetation chlorophyll content. This paper examines the potential of some of these sensors comparing red-edge and simple ratio indices to develop a rapid and cost -effective system for monitoring Mediterranean pine plantations in Spain. Chlorophyll content retrieval was analyzed with the red-edge R750 / R710 index and the simple ratio R800/ R560 index using the PROSPECT -5 leaf model and the Discrete Anisotropic Radiative Transfer (DART) and experimental approach. Five sensors were used: AHS, CHRIS/ Proba, Hyperion, Landsat and QuickBird. The model simulation results obtained with synthetic spectra demonstrated the feasibility of estimating Ca+b content in conifers using the simple ratio R800/R560 index formulated with different full widths at half maximum (FWHM) at leaf level. This index yielded a r2= 0.69 for a FWHM of 30 nm and r2 =0.55 for a FWHM of 70 nm. Experimental results compared the regression coefficients obtained with various multispectral and hyperspectral images with different spatial resolutions at the stand level. The strongest relationships where obtained using high-resolution hyperspectral images acquired with the AHS sensor (r2 =0.65) while coarser spatial and spectral resolution images yielded a lower root mean square error (QuickBird r2= 0.42; Landsat r2 =0.48; Hyperion r2 = 0.56; CHRIS/Proba r2=57). This study shows the need to estimate chlorophyll content in forest plantations at the stand level with high spatial and spectral resolution sensors. Nevertheless, these results also show the accuracy obtained with medium-resolution sensors when monitoring physiological processes. Generating biochemical maps at the stand level could play a critical rule in the early detection of forest decline processes enabling their use in precision forestry.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Abadia, A. Abadia, J., 1993. Iron and plant pigments. In: Barton, L.L., Hemming, B.C. (Eds). Iron Chelation in Plants and Soil Microorganisms. Academic, San Diego, pp. 327-344.
ALG, 2002. ACORN4.0 User ' s Guide ENVI Plug-in Version. Analytical Imaging and Geophysics LLC ACORN Version 4.0, Edition, Boulder, USA.
Literature cited 2: Berk, A., Bernstein, L.S. Anderson, G.P., Acharya, P.K., Robertson, D.C., Chetwynd, J.H., Adler-Golden, S.M., 1998.MODTRAN cloud and multiple scattering upgrades with application to AVIRIS. Remote Sensing of Environment 65, 367-375.
Blackburn, G.A., 2007. Hyperspectral remote sensing of plant pigments. Journal of Experimental Botany 58, 855-867.
ID: 59989
Title: Does the spatial arrangement of disturbance within forested watersheds affect loadings of nitrogen to stream waters? A test using Landsat and synoptic stream water data.
Author: Travis R. Cowles, Brenden E. McNeil, Keith N. Eshleman, Lindsay N. Deel, Phillip A. Townsend.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 26 80-87 (2014).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
Keywords: Gpsy moth, Landsat, Spatial arrangement, Defoliation, Nitrogen, Forest disturbance.
Abstract: Remotely sensed maps of forest disturbance provide a powerful tool for predicting spatial and temporal variability in the loading of nitrogen to receiving waters, key data needed for effective watershed management of nutrient pollution. We hypothesize that the spatial arrangement of disturbances within small-forested watersheds can affect N loadings. To, test this, we developed schemes for spatially weighting maps of yearly disturbance produced through change analysis of the Landsat Tasseled Cap Disturbance Index (DI), and evaluated the ability of each scheme to predict N concentrations, and subsequently estimated N loads, from forty low-order streams within the Savage River drainage of western Maryland, USA during the 2006-2010 water years, a period encompassing extensive defoliations by gypsy moths (Lymantria dispar). We generated a base scheme of unweighted, watershed averaged change in DI (? DI), and five other schemes that weighted ? DI by either a pixel ' s flow accumulation value, the distance to the watershed outlet, or proximity to the stream. Over the five years, the flow accumulation scheme tended to perform better than other weighting schemes, and even explained slightly more variability than the bases scheme during years of moderate N loads (R2= 0.15vs 0.03 in 2007 and R2 =0.30 vs 0.18 in 2010.) However, this best spatial weighting scheme explained comparable or less variability during the two post-defoliation years with larger N loads (R2= 0.43 vs 0.44 in 2008 and R2= 0.31 vs 0.48 in 2009). Thus, for the purposes of utilizing remote sensing information within watershed management of nutrient pollution, these results suggest that coarse-scale; high temporal frequency data such as MODIS could be well suited for characterizing forest disturbance and predicting the resultant episodic N loads.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Aber, J., Mcdowell, W., Nadelhoffer, K., et al., 1998. Nitrogen saturation in temperate forest ecosystems-hypotheses revisited. Bioscience 48 (11), 921 -934.
Baker, M.E., Weller, D.E., Jordan, T.E., 2006. Improved methods for quantifying potential nutrient interception by riparian buffers. Landscape Ecology 21 (8), 1327-1345.
Literature cited 2: Boyer, E.W., Alexander, R.B., Parton, W.J., Li, C.S., Butterbatch-Bahl, K., Donner, S.D., Skaggs, R.W., Del Gross, S.J., 2006. Modeling denitrification in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems at regional scales. Ecological Applications 16 (6), 2123-2142.
Cirmo, C.P., McDonnell, J.J., 1997. Linking the hydrologic and biogeochemical controls of nitrogen transport in near-stream zones of temperate-forested catchments: a review. Journal of Hydrology 199, 88-120.
ID: 59988
Title: Ten years of global burned area products from spaceborne remote sensing- A review: Analysis of user needs and recommendations for future developments.
Author: Florent Mouillot, Martin G. Schultz, Chao Yue, Patricia Cadule, Kevin Tansey, Philippe Ciais, Emilio Chuvieco.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 26 64-79 (2014).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
Keywords: Remote sensing, Global burned area, Review.
Abstract: Early global estimates of carbon emissions from biomass burning were based on empirical assumptions of fire return interval in different biomes in the 1980s. Since then, significant improvements of space-borne remote sensing sensors have resulted in an increasing number of derived products characterizing the detection of active fire or the subsequent burned area (GFED, MODIS MCD45A1, L3JRC, Glocarbon, GBS, GLOBSCAR, GBA2000). When coupled with global land cover and vegetation models allowing for spatially explicit fuel biomass estimates, the use of these products helps to yield important information about the spatial and the temporal variability of emission estimates. The availability of multi-year products (> 10 years) leads to a better understanding of uncertainties in addition to increasing accuracy. We surveyed a wide range of users of global fire data products whilst also undertaking a review of the latest scientific literature. Two user groups were identified, the first being global climate and vegetation modellers and the second being regional land managers. Based on this review, we present here the current needs covering the range of end -users. We identified the increasing use of BA products since the year 2000 with an increasing use of MODIS as a reference dataset. Scientific topics using these BA products have increased in diversity and area of application, from global fire emissions (for which BA products were initially developed) to regional studies with increasing use for ecosystem management planning. There is a significant need from the atmospheric science community for low spatial resolution (gridedd,1/2 degree cell) and long time series data characterized with supplementary information concerning the accuracy in timing of the fire and reductions of omission/commission errors. There is also a strong need for precisely characterizing the perimeter and contour of the fire scar for better assimilation with land cover maps and fire intensity. Computer and earth observation facilities remain a significant gap between ideal accuracies and the realistic ones, which must be fully quantified and comprehensive for an actual use in global fire emissions on regional land management studies.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Akagi, S.K., Yokelson, R.J., Wiedinmyer, C., Alvardo, M.j., Reid, J.S., Karl, T., Crounse, J.D., Wenberg, P.O., 2011. Emission factors for open and domestic biomass burning for use in atmospheric models. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, 4039-4072.
Anderson, K.R., Englefield, P., Little, J.M. Reuter, G., 2009. An approach to operational forest fire growth predictions for Canada. International Journal of Wildland Fire 18 (8), 893-905.
Literature cited 2: Andrae, M.O. Merlet, P., 2001. Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15, 955-966.
Arca, B., 2007. Evaluation of FARSITE simulator in mesditeranean Maquis. International Journal of Wildland Fire 16 (5), 563-572.
ID: 59987
Title: A framework for mapping trees species combining hyperspectral and LiDAR data: Role of selected classifiers and sensor across three spatial scales.
Author: Anirudha Ghosh, Fabian Ewald Fassnacht, P.K. Joshi, Barbara Koch.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 26 49-63 (2014).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
Keywords: Hypespectral, n DSM, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Scale, Tree species classification.
Abstract: Knowledge of tree species distribution is important is important worldwide for sustainable forest management and resource evaluation. The accuracy and information content of species maps produced using remote sensing images vary with scale, sensor (optical, microwave, LiDAR), classification algorithm, verification design and natural conditions like tree age, forest structure and density. Imaging spectroscopy reduces the inaccuracies making use of the detailed spectral response. However, the scale effect still has a strong influence and cannot be neglected. This study aims to bridge the knowledge gap in the understanding the scale effect in imaging spectroscopy when moving from 4 to 30 m pixel size for tree species mapping, keeping in mind that most current and future hyperspectral satellite based sensors work with spatial resolution around 30 m or more.
Two airborne (HyMAP) and one spaceborne (Hyperion) imaging spectroscopy dataset with pixel sizes of 4, 8 and 30 m, respectively were available to examine the effect of scale over a central European forest. The forest under examination is a typical managed forest with relatively homogenous stands featuring mostly two canopy layers. Normalized digital surface model (nDSM) derived from LiDAR data was used additionally to examine the effect of height information in tree species mapping. Six different sets of predictor variables (reflectance value of all bands, selected components of a Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF), vegetation indices (VI) and each of these sets combined with LiDAR derived height) were explored at each scale. Supervised kernel based (Support Vector Machines) and ensemble based (Random Forest) machine learning algorithms were applied on the dataset to investigate the effect of the classifier. Iterative bootstrap-validation with 100 iterations was performed for classification model building and testing all the trials.
For scale, analysis of overall classification accuracy and kappa values indicated that 8 m spatial resolution (reaching kappa values of over 0.83) slightly outperformed the results obtained from 4 m for the study area and five tree species under examination. The 30 m resolution Hyperion image produced sound results (kappa values of over 0.70), which in some areas of the test site were comparable with the higher spatial resolution imagery when qualitatively assessing the map outputs. Considering input predictors sets, MNF bands performed beat at 4 and 8 m resolution. Optical bands were found to be best for 30 m spatial resolution. Classification with MNF as input predictors produced better visual appearance of tree species patches when compared with reference maps. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that there is no significant effect of height information on tree species classification accuracies for the present framework and study area. Furthermore, in the examined cases there was no single best choice among the two classifiers across scales and predictors. It can be concluded that tree species mapping from imaging spectroscopy for forest sites comparable to the one under investigation is possible with reliable accuracies not only from airborne bur also from spaceborne imaging spectroscopy datasets.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Anderson, J.E., L.C. Martin, M.E., Braswell, B.H., Smith, M. -L, Dubayah, R.O., Hofton, M.A., Blair, J.B., 2008. Integrating waveworm lidar with hyperspectral imagery for inventory of a northern temperate forest. Remote Sensing of Environment 112 (4), 1856- 1870.
Angelo, J.J., Duncan, B.W., Weishampel, J.F., 2010. Using Lidar-derived vegetation profiles to predict time since fire in an oak scrub landscape in East-Central Florida. Remote Sensing 2, 514-525.
Literature cited 2: Asner., G.P. Knapp, D.E., Kennedy-Bowdoin, T., Jones, M.O., Martin, R.E., Boardman, J., Hughes, R.F., 2008. Invasive species detection in Hawaiian rainforest using airborne imaging spectroscopy and LiDAR. Remote Sensing of Environment 112 (5), 1942- 1955.
Belluco, E., Camuffo, M., Ferrari, S., Modenese, L., Silvestri, S., Marani, A., 2006. Mapping salt-marsh vegetation by multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing. Remote Sensing of Environment. 105, 54-67.
ID: 59986
Title: Seasonal comparisons of meteorological and agricultural drought indices in Morocco using open short time-series data.
Author: Hicham Ezzine, Ahmed Bouziane, Driss Ouazar.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 26 36-48 (2014).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
Keywords: Drought, SPI, SVI, SWI, Satellite images, Statistical analysis.
Abstract: Although the preliminary investigations of NDWI demonstrated its sensitivity to vegetation water content, drought indices based on NDWI short time-series are still understudied compared to those derived from NDVI and LST, such as VCI, SVI and TCI. On the basis of the open data, this paper introduces a new index derived from NDWI short time-series, and explores its performance for drought monitoring in Mediterranean semi-arid area. The new index, standardized Water Index (SWI), was calculated and spatiotemporally compared to both meteorological drought index (TRMM-based SPI) and to agricultural drought index (NDVI-based SVI) for the hydrological years and autumn, winter and spring seasons during a period of 15 years (1998-2012). Furthermore, the response and spatial agreement of the meteorological and agricultural drought indices (SWI, SVI and SPI) were compared over two land use classes, rainfed agriculture and vegetation cover, for the studied years and seasons. The validation of SWI was based on in situ SPI and cereal productions. The analysis of the 336 cross-tables, proportions of concordance and Cohen ' s kappa coefficients indicate that SWI and SVI are concordant comparing to other combinations for hydrological years and for the three seasons. The study points that spatial agreements of drought indices over rainfed agriculture and over vegetation cover are different. It is relatively more important in the rainfed agriculture than in the vegetation cover areas. Our results show that the agreement between vegetation drought indices and meteorological drought indices is moderated to low and the SPI is slightly more concordant with SWI when it is compared to SVI in autumn and winter seasons. The validation approach indicates that drought affected area, according to SWI, is highly correlated with cereal production. Likewise, a satisfactory correlation was revealed between SWI and in situ SPI.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Almazroui, M., 2011. Calibration of TRMM rainfall climatology over Saudu Arabia during 1998-2009. Atmospheric Research 99 (2011), 400-414.
Bajgiran, P.R., Darvishefat, A.A., Khalili, A., Makhdoum, M.F., 2008. Using AVHRR-based vegetation indices for drought monitoring in the Northwest of Iran. Journal of Arid Environments 72 (June (6)), 1086-1096.
Literature cited 2: Balghai, R., 2006. Wheat grain yield forecasting models for food security in Morocco. University de Liege, pp. 116 (PhD thesis).
Baret, F., Bartholome, E., Bicheron, P., Borstlap, G., Bydekerke, L., Ombal, B., Derwae, J., Geiger, B., Gontier, E., Gregoire, J.M., Hagolle, O., Jacobs, t., Leroy, M., Piccard, I., Samain, O., Van Roey, T., 2006. VGT4Africa User Manual. pp. 268.
ID: 59985
Title: Selecting landscape metrics as indicators of spatial heterogeneity-A comparison among Greek landscapes.
Author: Sofia G. Plexida, Athanassions I. Sfougaris, Ioannis P. Ispikoudis, Vasilios P. Papanastasis.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 26 26-35 (2014).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
Keywords: Landscape pattern analysis, Landscape indicators, Altitude, Human land use.
Abstract: This paper investigates the spatial heterogeneity of three landscapes along an altitudinal gradient and different human land use. The main aim was the identification of appropriate landscape indicators using different extents. ASTER image was used to create a land cover map consisting of three landscapes which differed in altitude and land use. A number of landscape metrics quantifying patch complexity, configuration, diversity and connectivity were derived from the thematic map at the landscape level. There were significant differences among the three landscapes regarding these four aspects of landscape heterogeneity. The analysis revealed a specific pattern of land use where lowlands are being increasingly utilized by humans (percentage of agricultural land=65.84%) characterized by physical connectedness (high values of Patch Cohesion Index) and relatively simple geometrics (low values of fractal dimension index). The landscape pattern of uplands was found to be highly diverse based upon the Shannon Diversity index. After selecting the scale (600 ha) where metrics values stabilized, it was shown that metrics were more correlated at the small scale of 60 ha. From the original 24 metrics, 14 individual metrics with high spearman correlation coefficient and variance inflation Factor criterion were eliminated, leaving 10 representative metrics for subsequent analysis. Data reduction analysis showed that Patch Density, Area-Weighted Mean Fractal Dimension Index and Patch Cohesion Index are suitable to describe landscape patterns irrespective of the scale. A systematic screening of these metrics could enhance a deeper understanding of the results obtained by them and contribute to a sustainable landscape management of Mediterranean landscapes.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Allhamad, M.N. Alrababah, M.A., Feagin, R.A., Gharaibeh, A., 2011. Mediterranean drylands: the effect of grain size and domain of scale on landscape metrics. Ecological Indicators 11, 611-621.
Allen, H.D., 2001. Mediterranean ecogeography 2003. Response of past and present Mediterranean Ecosystems to environmental change. Progress in Physical Geography 27, 359-377.
Literature cited 2: Archibold, O.W., 1995. Ecology of World Vegetation. Chapman and Hall.
Blondel, J., 2006. The ' design ' of Mediterranean landscapes: a millennial story of humans and ecological systems during the historic period. Human Ecology 34, 713-729.
ID: 59984
Title: Identifying curvature of overpass mountain roads in Iran from high spatial resolution remote sensing data.
Author: Sahar Alian, Valentyn A. Tolpekin, Weitske Bijker, Lalit Kumar.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 26 21-25 (2014).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
Keywords: Road detection, Alpha shapes, Curvature, Moving window.
Abstract: Digital curve identification from remote sensing data is difficult in continuous objects such as roads. Use of high spatial resolution images can increase geometrical details and accuracy of estimation and detect curvy segments from the road boundary. We detect a road as a curve in 2D raster grid and analyze its shape using fuzzy c-means and alpha shapes. Two approaches identify curvature from the polylines on two sides of the road. Image resolution, radius of alpha circles and size moving window are the three main parameters for detection of curvy segments. Lower resolution, larger alpha circles and larger moving windows decrease the chance of detecting sharp and narrow curve segments.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Bezdek, J.C., Ehrlich, R., Full, W., 1984. FCM: the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm. Computer and Geosciences 10, 191-203.
Da Fontoura Costa, L., Cesar Jr., R.M. 2010.Shape Analysis and Classification: Theory and Practice.CRC Press, LLC, Florida.
Literature cited 2: Edelsbrunner, H., 1992. Weighted Alpha Shapes. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Computer Science, Urbana, IL, Technical Report UIUCDSC-R-92-1760.
Edelsbrunner, H., Kirkpatrick, D., Seidel, R., 1983.On the shape of a set of points in the plane. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 29, 551-559.
ID: 59983
Title: Inversion of the PROSAIL model to estimate leaf area index of maize, potato, and sunflower fields from unmanned aerial vehicle.
Author: Si-Bo Duan, Zhao-Liang Li, Hua Wu, Bo-Hui Tang, Lingling Ma.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 26 12-20 (2014).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
Keywords: Leaf area index, PROSAIL, Hyperspectral, Look-up table, Dual-angle observations.
Abstract: Leaf area index (LAI) is a key variable for modeling energy and mass exchange between the land surface and the atmosphere. Inversion of physically based radiative transfer models is the most established technique for estimating LAI from remotely sensed data. This study aims to evaluate the suitability of the PROSAIL model for Lai estimation of three typical row crops (maize, potato, and sunflower) from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) hyperspectral data. LAI was estimated using a look-up table (LUT) based on the inversion of the PROSAIL model. The estimated LAI was evaluated against in situ LAI measurements. The results indicated that the LUT-based inversion of the PROSAIL model was suitable for LAI estimation of these three crops, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of approximately 0.62 m2 m-2, and a relative RMSE (RRMSE) of approximately 15.5%. Dual-angle observations were also used to estimate LAI and proved to be more accurate than single -angle observations, with an RMSE of approximately 0.55 m2 m-2 and an RRMSE of approximately 13.6%. The results demonstrate that additional directional information improves the performance of LAI estimation.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Asner, G.P., Surlock, J.M.O., Hicke, J.A., 2003. Global synthesis of leaf area index observations: implications for ecological and remote sensing studies. Global Ecology and Biogeography 12, 191-205.
Atzberger, C., 2004. Object-based retrieval of biophysical canopy variables using artificial neural nets and radiative transfer models. Remote sensing of Environment 93, 53-67.
Literature cited 2: Atzberger, C., Richter, K., 2012. Spatially constrained inversion of radiative transfer models for improved LAI mapping from future Sentinel-2 imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment 120, 208-218.
Bacour, C., Baret, F., Beal, D., Weiss, M., Pavageau, K., 2006. Neural network estimation of LAI, Fapar, fCover and LAI x Cab, from top of canoy MERIS reflectance data: principles and validation. Remote Sensing of Environment 105, 313-3125.
ID: 59982
Title: Comparative analysis of different uni-and multi-variate methods for estimation of vegetation water content using hyper-spectral measurements.
Author: M.Mirzaie, R. Darvishzadeh, A. Shakiba, A.A. Matkan, C. Atzberger, A.Skidmore.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 26 1-11 (2014).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
Keywords: Hyper-spectral data, Vegetation water content (VGC), PLSR, PCR, ANN, Narrow band indices.
Abstract: Assessment of vegetation water content is critical for monitoring vegetation condition, detecting plant water stress, assessing the risk of forest fires and evaluating water status for irrigation. The main objective of this study was to investigate the performance of various mono-and -multi-variate statistical for estimating vegetation water content (VWC) from hyper-spectral data. Hyper-spectral data is influenced by multi-collinearity because of large number of (independent) spectral bands being modeled by a small number of (dependent) biophysical variables. Therefore, some full spectrum methods that are known to be suitable for analyzing multi-collinear data set were chosen. Canopy spectral reflectance was obtained with a GER 3700spectro-radiometer (400-2400 nm) in a laboratory setting and VWC was measured by calculating wet/dry weight difference per unit of ground area (g/m2) of each plant canopy (n=95). Three multivariate statistical methods were applied to estimate VWC: (1) partial least square regression, (2) artificial neural network and (3) principal component regression. They were selected to minimize the problem related to multi-collinearity. For comparison, uni-variate techniques including narrow band ratio water index (RWI), normalized difference water index (NDWI), second soil adjusted vegetation index (SAV12) and transferred soil adjusted vegetation index (TSAVI) were applied. For each type of vegetation index, all two-band combinations were evaluated to determine the best band combination. Validation of the methods was based on the cross validation procedure and using three statistical indictors: R2, RMSE and relative RMSE. The cross-validated results identified PLSR as the regression model providing the most accurate estimates of VWC among the various methods. The result revealed that this model is highly recommended for use with multi-collinear datasets (R2cv = 0.94, RMSE cv = 0.23). Principal component regression exhibited the lowest accuracy among the multivariate models R2cv = 0.78, RMSEcv =0.41).
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Ahmad, S., Kalra, A., Stephen, H., 2010. Estimating soil moisture using remote sensing data: A machine learning approach. Advances in Water Resources 33, 69-80.
Atkinson, P.M. Tatnall, A.R.L., 1997. Introduction Neutral networks in remote sensing. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 18 (4), 699-709.
Literature cited 2: Atzberger, C., Guerif, M., Baret, F., Werner, W., 2010. Comparative analysis of three chemometric techniques for the spectroradiometric assessment of canopy cholorophyll content in winter wheat.Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 73, 165-173.
Atzberger, C., Jarmer, T., Schlerf, M., Kotz, B., Werner, W., 2004. Spectroradiometetric determination of wheat bio-physical variables. Comparison of different empirical-statistical approaches. In: Remote Sensing in Transition Proc. 23th EarSeL Symp., Gent, pp. 463-470.
ID: 59981
Title: Characterisation of flows in the Beda Basalt using infrared hyperspectral data.
Author: Georgina A Gordon, Stacey O McAvaney, Claire E Wade and John L Keeling.
Editor: Dr. Paul Heithersay
Year: 2014
Publisher: Government of South Australia
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Mesa Journal (South Australia), Issue (2) 42-47( 2014)
Subject: New geology
Keywords: Characterisation, Beda, Basalt, infrared, hyperspectral data.
Abstract: Rapid mineralogical characterization of drillcore by reflectance spectroscopy is a routine service provided at the Department of State Development Glenside Drill Core Library using an AuS cope provided and CSIRO-developed HyLogging instrument and software system. Visible, near and shortwave system. Visible, near and shortwave infrared specrtra (VNIR/SWIR, 380-2500 nm) are used, for example, to identify white micas, chlorite, carbonate, iron oxide and kaolin group minerals, while non-hydrous silicates, such as quartz, feldspar, garnet, amphibole and pyroxene are determined from thermal infrared spectra (TIR, 6000-14 500 nm), obtained with a separate, co-registered spectrometer: a recent addition to the HyLogger hardware.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Chang Z, Hedenquist JW, White NC, Cooke DR, Roach M, Deyell CL, Garcia J, Gemmell JB, McKnight S and Cuison AL 2011. Exploration tools for linked porphyry and ephemeral deposits: example from the Mankayan intrusion-centered Cu-Au district, Luzon, Philippines. Economic Geology 106: 1365-1398.
Cloutis EA 2002. Pyroxene reflectance spectra: minor absorption bands and effects of elemental substitutions. Journal of Geophysical Research 107 (E6): 6-1-6-12.
Literature cited 2: Cloutis E A, Klima RL, Kaletzke L, Coradini A, Golubeva LF, McFadden LA, Shestopalov DI and Vilas F 2010. The 506 nm absorption feature in pyroxene spectra: nature and implications for spectroscopy-based studies of pyroxene-bearing targets. Icarus 207: 295-313.
Cowley WM 1991. Beda Volcanics and Backy Point Formation of the eastern Gawler Craton, Report Book 90/00016. Department of Mines and Energy South Australia, Adelaide.
ID: 59980
Title: The Beda Basalt: new geochemistry, isotopic data and its definition.
Author: Claire E Wade, Stacey O McAvaney and Georgina A Gordon.
Editor: Dr. Paul Heithersay
Year: 2014
Publisher: Government of South Australia
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Mesa Journal (South Australia), Issue (2) 24-41( 2014)
Subject: New geology
Keywords: Beda Basalt, geochemistry, isotopic data, definition.
Abstract: The Neoproterozoic Adelaide Geosyncline and Stuart Shelf preserve deposits formed in a major rift basin and shelf which now separate the Gawler and Curnamona provinces which developed during the break-up of the supercontinent Rodinia (Preiss 2000). The early stages of rifting and sedimentation were accompanied by localized basaltic and minor felsic magmatism within the basal Callanna Group, comprising the Wilangee Basalt near Broken Hill (NSW), the Cadlareena Volcanics in the Willouran Ranges, the Wooltana Volcanics in the Willouran Ranges, the Wooltana Volcanics bordering the Mount Painter Inlier, volcanic at Depat Creek in the southwest Flinders Ranges, the Boucaut Volcanics south of Olary, the Beda Basalt on the Stuart Shelf and the Gairdner Dolerite which intrudes the central Gawler Craton to the west; together these units have been referred to as the Willouran Basic Province.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Abdel-Rahman A-FM 2002. Mesozoic volcanism in the Middle East: geochemical, isotopic and petrogenetic evolution of extension-related alkali basalts from central Lebanon. Geological Magazine 139 (6): 621-640.
Australian Selection Pty Ltd 1977. Uro Bluff, progress reports for the period 16/4/75 to 15/3/77, open File Envelope 02585. Department for Manufacturing, Innovation, Trade, Resources and Energy, South Australia, Adelaide.
Literature cited 2: Cabanis B and Lecolle M 1989. La diagrame La/10, Y/15, Nb/8: un outil pour la discrimination des series volcaniques et la mise en evidence des processus de m?langes et/ou de contamination crustale. Comptes Rendus de l ' Academie des Sciences-Series II 309: 2023-2029.
Compston W, Crawford AR and Bofinger VM 1966. A radiometric estimate of the duration of sedimentation in the Adelaide Geosyncline, South Australia. Journal of the Geological Society of Australia 13: 229-276.
ID: 59979
Title: Markets for Environmental Products and Services: A review of Asia Pacific Countries.
Author: Ramakrishna Nallathiga
Editor: P K Bhattacharya
Year: 2014
Publisher: Dr. R k Pachauri.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: TIDEE Vol.13 (2) 163-176 (2013)
Subject: TERI information Digest on Energy and Environment.
Keywords: Environmental services, Market analysis, Asia-Pacific countries.
Abstract: Environmental services are increasingly becoming important after the acceptance of sustainable development as the development goal by several nations. Environmental services are somewhat diverse in their nature and are still emerging with the development of the sector. This paper presents a review of the markets for environmental services in the Asia-Pacific countries, namely, Australia, New Zealand, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand. It presents the diversity of the nature of markets for environmental services in terms of size, features, driving forces, buyers, sellers, and limiting factors, which present the concentration and strength of the market for these services in the above nations. This reflects the investment potential and opportunities for the emerging players in the field. At the same time, they also reflect some underlying characteristics of the specific markets, which can be used in strategizing the business by the service providing businesses, such as consulting and equipment manufacturing houses.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Lozada HR and Minttu-Wimsatt AT. (2014). Green based innovation: Sustainable development in product management, M J Polonsky and AT Mintu-Wimsatt (eds) Environmental Marketing: Strategies, Practice, Theory and Research, Jaico Publishing House, Mumbai, pp 179-196.
Miles M and Munilla LS. 2004. The eco-marketing orientation: An emerging business opportunity, M J Polonsky and A T Mintu-Wimsatt (eds) Environmental Marketing: Strategies, Practice, Theory and Research, Jaico Publishing House, Mumbai, pp 23-36.
Literature cited 2: Mintu-Wimsatt A T and Bradford D m. 2004. In search of market segments for green products, M J Polonsky and A T Mintu-Wimsatt (eds) Environmental Marketing: Strategies, Practice, Theory and Research, Jaico Publishing House, Mumbai, pp 293-304.
Sheth J N and Parvatiyar A. 2004. Ecological imperatives and the role of marketing, M J Polonsky and A T Mintu-Wimsatt (eds) Environmental Marketing: Strategies, Practice, Theory and Research, Jaico Publishing House, Mumbai, pp 1-20.
ID: 59978
Title: Tough times.
Author: Sascha Rentzing.
Editor: Jorg -Rainer Zimmermann (jz)
Year: 2014
Publisher: German Wind Energy Association.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: New Energy, issue (6) 40-43 (2014)
Subject: New Energy
Keywords: Larger, higher, quieter.
Abstract: The slowdown in the European solar market is weighing heavily on the price of inverters. If manufacturers do n ' t soon find a way to sell more cheaply and expand in to new markets, Asia will gain the upper hand.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None