Enter records

ID: 66090
Title: Insights from carbonized seeds: agricultural systems in the lower Ganga Plain (3000 yrs BP)
Author: Insights from carbonized seeds: agricultural systems in the lower Ganga Plain (3000 yrs BP)
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1394-1396 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Insights from carbonized seeds: agricultural systems in the lower Ganga Plain (3000 yrs BP)
Keywords: None
Abstract: In the history and archaeology of India, the Ganga Plain has a pronounced position. The Ganga Plain is mainly divided into three main parts: (i) the upper Ganga Plain, (ii) the middle Ganga Plain and (iii) the lower Ganga Plain1,2. It is an important region for archaeobotanical studies as it houses numerous archaeological sites, and was the region where second urbanism emerged in India. Carbonized plant remains from archaeological sites can provide clues crucial for understanding the culture–climate– subsistence relationship during prehistoric times. The gradually growing database on crop remains from excavations in different regions of India during the past few decades has securely established that in addition to the indigenous crops, a continuous and substantial expansion in the kinds of subsistence resources of the Mediterranean, Central Asian, African and Eurasian have made generous dynamism in the economy of the early farming communities3–11. The socio-political, economic and environmental conditions that existed during the last five millennia are of interest among archaeologists, archaeobotanists and quaternary scientists10–14.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Pal, J. N., Pragdhara, 2008, 18, 263–281. Singh, I. B., J. Palaeontol. Soc. India, 1996, 41, 99–137.
Literature cited 2: Saraswat, K. S., Palaeobotanist, 1992, 40, 514–545. Saraswat, K. S., In Early Farming Communities of the Kaimur, Vol. II (ed. Singh, B. P.), Publication Scheme, Jaipur, 2004, pp. 416–535

ID: 66089
Title: Distinctive seed development phenomenon in Mahua (Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia (Roxb.) A. Chev.)
Author: H. T. Hegde, R. P. Gunaga, J. B. Bhusara and N. S. Thakur
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1393-1393 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Distinctive seed development phenomenon in Mahua (Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia (Roxb.) A. Chev.)
Keywords: None
Abstract: Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia (Mahua), a member of Sapotaceae, is one of the ecologically and economically important native species, greatly valued for its flowers and seeds. Mahua products play a vital role in income and livelihood of indigenous communities living in and around the forest areas of tropical India. The local community members earn considerable part of their total income from mahua seeds and seed oil1,2. Diversity in the fruit and seeds of this species is an exciting research aspect. Fruits are generally berries, ovoid, fleshy, turning yellowish green when ripe, 3–5 cm long with prominent distal beak. Morphometric study of this reproductive trait resulted a very interesting fact about the presence of single and multiple seeds inside the fruits of mahua.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Anon., Developing a strategy for forest based livelihoods in Central India through assessment of major NTFP’s. Report, Centre for Ecology Development and Research, Dehradun, 2013, p. 62. Hegde, H. T., Gunaga, R. P., Thakur, N. S., Bhusara, J. B. and Soundarva, R. L., Curr. Sci., 2019, 117(10), 1727–1730.
Literature cited 2: Kundu, M., Schmidt, L. H. and Jørgensen, M. J. (eds), Madhuca longifolia (Koenig) J.F. Morab. Seed Leaflets, 2012, 156. Ramadan, M. F., Mohdaly, A. A., Assiri, A. M., Tadros, M. and Niemeyer, B., J. Food Sci. Technol., 2016, 53(5), 2149–2157.

ID: 66088
Title: The challenges of type 1 diabetes management: a focus on tribal and rural teenagers in low-income countries
Author: Aayushi Nagwanshi, Navankur Chakma, Kritika Singh, Tapas Chakma and Suyesh Shrivastava
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1390-1391 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: The challenges of type 1 diabetes management: a focus on tribal and rural teenagers in low-income countries
Keywords: None
Abstract: The International Diabetic Federation (IDF) Atlas 2022 reported 8.75 million type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients globally in 2022, with 1.9 million in low or middle-income countries. According to the report1 , 1.52 million (17.0%) were younger than 20, higher than previous estimate of 1.21 million in IDF Atlas 2021
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: IDF Diabetes Atlas; https://diabetesatlas.org/ atlas/t1d-index-2022/ (accessed on 4 April 2024). Singh, A. et al., Eur. J. Cell Biol., 2023, 102(2), 51329; doi:10.1016/j.ejcb.2023. 151329
Literature cited 2: National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, CardioDiseases and Stroke (NPCDCS). Operational Guidelines. Directorate General of Health Services. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Government of India; http://www. nrhmhp.gov.in/sites/default/files/files/NCD_ Guidelines.pdf (accessed on 7 April 2024). Virmani, A., Simon, A., Bajpai, A., Irani, A., Jevalikar, G., Vijaykumar, M. and Sarathi, V., Management of Type 1 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents, Indian Society for Pediatrics and Adolescent Endocrinology (ISPAE), Clinical Practice Guidelines, Lucknow, 2017, 2nd edn, pp. 1–210

ID: 66087
Title: Does pearlspot exhibit lifelong monogamy? A investigative study
Author: Magdeline Christo, P. R. Divya, M. U. Rekha, Ignatious Mandro, S. Manju, K. Ashokan and Uttam Kumar Sarkar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1389-1389 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Does pearlspot exhibit lifelong monogamy? A investigative study
Keywords: None
Abstract: The state fish of Kerala, Etroplus suratensis (Bloch 1790), pearlspot fish is considered as an important euryhaline species accepted as a very good ‘gourmet choice’ with high market demand. It is extensively distributed in the brackish and freshwaters of India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Pakistan1–7 . The fish is known to exhibit typical biparental monogamy and was found to form mating pairs close to breeding and courtship commenced only between such ‘attached’ pairs8 . Monogamy is found across various animal species, including invertebrates, teleost fishes, mammals and most bird species. Considering the diversity of species exhibiting monogamous behaviour, it is anticipated that different levels of monogamy will occur, ranging from lifelong unions with no promiscuous behaviour to social monogamy, which allows for restricted genetic exchange9 . Here we aim to reassess the presumed lifelong (classical) monogamy observed in pearlspot breeding pairs, as documented in prior studies.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Daniels, R. R., Freshwater Fishes of Peninsular India, Universities Press, Hyderabad, 2002, p. 219. Jayaram, K. C., The Freshwater Fishes of the Indian Region, Narendra Publ. House, Delhi, Revised second edition, 2010, p. 338.
Literature cited 2: Jini, D., J. Genet. Eng. Biotechnol., 2017, 1, 1–8. Kailasam, M. et al., Brackish water cage culture with multitrophic candidate species in diverse rearing systems for alternative livelihood and social development in Maharashtra, Navsari, Gujarat, Research Centre of CIBA, Navsari, 2020, p. 17

ID: 66086
Title: Pathogenic bacterium isolated from the tiger barb (Puntigrus tetrazona) – a call for better management of fish farms
Author: D. Sugashri Walter Devaa U. Ramesh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1379-1379 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Pathogenic bacterium isolated from the tiger barb (Puntigrus tetrazona) – a call for better management of fish farms
Keywords: None
Abstract: The tiger barb (Puntirgus tetrazona), a popular ornamental fish native to the freshwaters of Indonesia1 was first described in 1855 by Dutch ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker. They inhabit rivers, streams and lakes with moderate waterflow that are clear and turbid with shallow depths. The tiger barb grows up to a maximum length of 7–10 cm and are generally omnivorous and they often swim in schools. It is understood that the gut microbial community in any fish species improves performance of the fish with respect to its size, metabolism, feeding habits and immunity. However, the presence of pathogenic microorganisms needs to be explored as there are no studies and reports regarding the presence of the same in the gut microbiome of the tiger barb raised in fish farms. In this study, an effort was done to examine the presence of pathogenic bacterium in the gut of the from two important fish farms in the Sleepless city of India ‘Madurai’.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Zhang, D. X. et al., Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 2019, 69(2), 100–109; doi:10.1111/lam. 13172. Charo, F. J. et al., Int. J. Fish. Aquat., 2022, 10(6), 112–118; https://doi.org/10. 22271/fish.2022.v10.i6b.2755
Literature cited 2: Gong, Q. et al., J. Prev. Vet. Med., 2010, 32(12), 981–983. Sreedharan, K., Philip, R. and Singh, I. B., Dis. Aquat. Organ., 2011, 94(1), 29–39; doi:10.3354/dao02304.

ID: 66085
Title: Rejuvenating Pichavaram: the vibrant return of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam.
Author: S. Sreeram A. Arunprasath V. Sankara Vel
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1379-1379 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Rejuvenating Pichavaram: the vibrant return of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam.
Keywords: None
Abstract: A gripping example of the glories of coastal ecosystems is the Pichavaram Mangrove Forest, which is tucked away on Tamil Nadu’s eastern coast. This charming mangrove expanse, which covers an area of about 1100 hectares, is well-known for its intricate web of canals, entwined roots, and varied flora and fauna. In addition to producing an aesthetically pleasing landscape, Pichavaram’s complex network of backwaters and canals is an essential breeding site for a wide variety of marine animals. The thick mangrove vegetation, primarily composed of species like Rhizophora and Avicennia, serves as an essential natural barrier against coastal erosion1 . The Pichavaram mangrove forest mainly comprises Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia apetala, Avicennia marina, Avicennia officinalis, Bruguiera cylindrica, Ceriops decandra and Aegiceras corniculatum . Once Pichavaram was flourishing with mangroves of Aegiceras floridum, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Cynometra ramiflora, Kandelia candel and Xylocarpus granatum. The plant Bruguiera gymnorrhiza became extinct from the Pichavaram forest by the end of the 19th century.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Gnanappazham, L. and Selvam, V., Ocean Coast. Manage., 2014, 102, 131–138. Arunprasath, A. and Gomathinayagam, M., Int. J. Adv. Res., 2014, 2, 241–247.
Literature cited 2: Selvam, Y., Gnanappazham, L., Navamuniyammal, M., Ravichandran, K. K. and Karunagaran, Y. M., Atlas of Mangrove Wetlands of India. Part I: Tamil Nadu, M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, 2002, p. 100. Perera, K. A. R. S. and Amarasinghe, M. D., Int. J. Mar. Sci., 2013, 3(9), 72–78.

ID: 66084
Title: Micro- and nanoplastic pollution in groundwater used for drinking – an emerging pollutant
Author: R. Srinivasan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1377-1378 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Micro- and nanoplastic pollution in groundwater used for drinking – an emerging pollutant
Keywords: None
Abstract: Prior to 1950s, in the era of industrial revolution, metals and alloys were produced for use in most walks of life. Overexploitation of mineral resources for making the metals and alloys led to shortage of mineral resources, and this led to the necessity for recycling of metals and search for a suitable replacement for metals. At this juncture, discovery of plastic came as a boon.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:

ID: 66083
Title: Comparing two sensor data to perceive landscape phenology dynamics at Gir Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India
Author: Dhruvi P. Phadke , Amrit N. Chaurasia , Sheshakumar Goroshi, Mohan Ram , C. P. Singh , Bimal K. Bhattacharya and N. S. R. Krishnayya
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (11) 1357-1362 10 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Comparing two sensor data to perceive landscape phenology dynamics at Gir Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India
Keywords: PhenoCam, phenology, phenophases, Sentinel-2, vegetation indice
Abstract: Periodic observations of landscape phenology are critical for assessing growth cyclicals of forest covers. The present study attempts to discern the phenology dynamics of dry deciduous forest cover using ground- and satellite-based sensors and to examine their complementarity. Modelled phenophases coming from the data of both sensors reflected dynamics of landscape phenology matching with the pattern of deciduous cover. Phenophases derived from the data of PhenoCam coincided with the observed rainfall dynamics of the region, while satellite-based phenophases could not, largely because of a mismatch in data availability owing to cloud cover hindrance. A correlation was seen between the measured indices of both sensors. The modelled length of the season of deciduous cover obtained from the data of both sensors was similar. The study tries to fill in the existing wide gap in the studies on phenophases of Indian tropical covers and highlights how it can assist better in gauging the ecological dynamics of protected areas.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Richardson, A. D., Keenan, T. F., Migliavacca, M., Ryu, Y., Sonnentag, O. and Toomey, M., Climate change, phenology, and phenological control of vegetation feedbacks to the climate system. Agric. For. Meteorol., 2013, 169, 156–173. Peñuelas, J. and Filella, I., Responses to a warming world. Science, 2001, 294, 793–795.
Literature cited 2: Singh, B., Jeganathan, C. and Rathore, V., Improved NDVI-based proxy leaf-fall indicator to assess rainfall sensitivity of deciduousness in the central Indian forests through remote sensing. Sci. Rep., 2020, 10, 17638. Klosterman, S. T. et al., Evaluating remote sensing of deciduous forest phenology at multiple spatial scales using PhenoCam imagery. Biogeosciences, 2014, 11, 4305–4320.

ID: 66082
Title: CMIP5 multi-model ensemble-based future climate projection for the Odisha state of India
Author: S. Vijayakumar and A. P. Ramaraj
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (11) 1352-1356 10 Dec. (2024)
Subject: CMIP5 multi-model ensemble-based future climate projection for the Odisha state of India
Keywords: CMIP5 ensemble, rainfall, RCP, statistical downscaling, temperature.
Abstract: Global climate models (GCMs) are vital for predicting future climate patterns and helping countries build resilience against climate change. The present study projected the future climate of Odisha under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios using Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models due to the high vulnerability of the state to climate change in India. Results indicate that both minimum and maximum temperatures will rise in the near (2011–39), mid (2040–69) and late (2070–99) century under both RCP scenarios. Western Odisha (Sambalpur) will experience the most significant warming, with minimum temperatures rising more than maximum temperatures, a trend consistent in seasonal comparisons. Mean annual rainfall is projected to increase, driven primarily by the southwest monsoon (SWM). Western Odisha is expected to see the largest increase in annual precipitation and SWM, while southeastern Odisha (Khordha) will see the smallest increase under both RCP scenarios. Under RCP 4.5, annual rainfall is projected to increase by 0.8–4.0%, 0.4–3.6% and 3.0–6.0% during the near, mid and late centuries respectively. Under RCP 8.5, the increases are 4.0–8.8%, 6.3–8.7% and 8.4–17.5% for the same periods. Consequently, government policies must bolster resilience to withstand these escalating temperatures and rainfall patterns.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Singh, N. P. Anand, B., Rao, K. V. and Ranjith, P. C., Spatial and temporal assessment of climate impact on agriculture in plateau region, India. J. Agrometeorol., 2020, 22(3), 353–361. Syed, T. H., Famiglietti, J. S., Chambers, D. P., Willis, J. K. and Hilburn, K., Satellite-based global-ocean mass balance estimates of interannual variability and emerging trends in continental freshwater discharge. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 2010, 107, 17916– 17921.
Literature cited 2: Vijayakumar, S. et al., Rainfall and temperature projections and their impact assessment using CMIP5 models under different RCP scenarios for the eastern coastal region of India. Curr. Sci., 2021, 121(2), 222–232. Shahid, M. et al., Simulation of rice yield with resource conserving technologies for early, mid and end centuries under changing climatic conditions using DSSAT model. Oryza., 2022, 59(3), 359– 369; https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.12.

ID: 66081
Title: Development of an IoT-based pumping control system for withdrawal of freshwater from brackish groundwater zone
Author: Manpreet Singh , J. P. Singh , Y. B. Kalnar and Mahesh Chand Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (11) 1344-1351 10 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Development of an IoT-based pumping control system for withdrawal of freshwater from brackish groundwater zone
Keywords: Automation, brackish groundwater, Internet of Things, pumping, sensor
Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT)-based pumping control system is crucial for tackling water quality issues and optimizing pumping operations in brackish groundwater zones like southwest Punjab, ensuring sustainable access to freshwater. In the present study, an IoT-based system for controlling the pumping of freshwater from a brackish groundwater zone in the southwest region of Indian Punjab was developed. The developed system was tested at different locations in the field and the working performance was satisfactory. The statistical comparison of the electrical conductivity (EC) recorded with and without the developed system indicated that the developed sensor-based automatic pumping control system is capable of controlling the pumping of water from tubewells with the set permissible limit of EC of 4 mS/cm as given in the source code. The results revealed that the optimal gap between two consecutive pumping of a tubewell for tapping good quality water in the study area was at most 6 h as affected by EC. Furthermore, it was observed that tubewells with greater depths (182.9–213.4 m) exhibited lower groundwater salinity, whereas those with shallower depths (10.7 m, 19.8 m, 30.5 m and 42.7 m) showed higher salinity levels. The lesser variation of groundwater salinity with pumping duration was at a depth beyond 40 m from the ground surface. The cost of the developed system was computed to be US$ 182.16 only. Overall, the developed system which is cost-effective would be useful for controlling the tubewell operation for tapping good quality water from the brackish groundwater zone in the study region
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Shiklomanov, I., World Freshwater Resources, Oxford University Press, New York, 1993, pp. 13–24. Brands, E., Rajagopal, R., Eleswarapu, U. and Li, P., Groundwater. In International Encyclopedia of Geography, People, the Earth, Environment and Technology (eds Richardson, D. et al.), John Wiley and Sons, New Jersey, 2017, pp. 1–17; https://doi.org/10. 1002/9781118786352.wbieg0677.
Literature cited 2: Kumar, R., Singh, R. D. and Sharma, K. D., Water resources of India. Curr. Sci., 2005, 89(5), 794–811; https://www.jstor.org/stable/241- 11024. Krishan, G., Groundwater salinity. Curr. World Environ., 2019, 14(2), 186–188; http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.14.2.02

ID: 66080
Title: Design and evaluation of an automatic control system for hydroponics cultivation of mint
Author: Ajay N. Satpute , N. Patel, A. K. Mishra , D. K. Singh , Viswanathan Chinnusamy and Cini Varghese
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (11) 1335-1343 10 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Design and evaluation of an automatic control system for hydroponics cultivation of mint
Keywords: Automatic control system, hydroponics, nutrient solution, sensors.
Abstract: Hydroponics is emerging as a beneficial technique to augment food production in which the quality and yield of a crop are improved by accurately maintaining the desired electrical conductivity (EC), pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) in the nutrient solution. This article describes the development of an automatic control system for mint cultivation in hydroponics that consists of EC, pH, and DO sensors which continuously monitor the respective parameters and control their value in nutrient solution with the help of microcontroller and actuators. The developed system maintained the EC, pH and DO of the nutrient solution within their desired limits of 2.0–2.5 dS m–1 , 6.0–6.5 and above 8 ppm respectively. The plant height, average leaf area per plant and total chlorophyll content of the mint plants varied between 18.9–20.3 cm, 15.69–18.45 cm2 and 23– 30 (SPAD units) respectively. The results of this study emphasize the system’s effectiveness in monitoring and controlling the parameters of the nutrient solution thereby maintaining favourable growth conditions in the hydroponic cultivation of mint.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Gashgari, R., Alharbi, K., Mughrbil, K., Jan, A. and Glolam, A., Comparison between growing plants in a hydroponic system and soil-based system. In Proceedings of the 4th World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering Madrid, Spain, ICMIE, 2018, pp. 1–7. Barbosa, G. L. et al., Comparison of land, water and energy requirements of lettuce grown using hydroponic vs conventional agricultural methods. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 2015, 12(6), 6879–6891.
Literature cited 2: Cooper, A., Crop production in recirculating nutrient solution. Sci. Horticult., 1975, 3(3), 251–258. Sharma, N., Acharya, S., Kumar, K., Singh, N. and Chaurasia, O. P., Hydroponics as an advanced technique for vegetable production: an overview. J. Soil Water Conserv., 2018, 17(3), 364–371

ID: 66079
Title: Impact of climate change on water requirement and yield of tomato over different agro-climatic zones of Tamil Nadu
Author: V. Guhan, V. Geethalakshmi , K. Bhuvaneshwari , N. Kowshika , V. Vinothkumar , S. Nithila and M. Marimuthu
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (11) 1330-1334 10 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Impact of climate change on water requirement and yield of tomato over different agro-climatic zones of Tamil Nadu
Keywords: AquaCrop, climate change, tomato yield, water-use efficiency, water requirement.
Abstract: The AquaCrop model was utilized to assess the impact of climate change on tomato cultivation in different agro-climatic zones of Tamil Nadu. The study examined variations in water requirement, yield and water-use efficiency (WUE) from 1980 to 2022. Results indicated that rising temperatures led to decreased tomato yield, with a 9% average decrease at a 2°C temperature increase, highlighting the crop’s sensitivity to heat stress. Furthermore, areas with lower rainfall demonstrated higher WUE, emphasizing the importance of efficient water use. The study underscores the need for adaptive strategies such as developing heat-tolerant varieties and optimizing irrigation practices to address the challenges of climate change on tomato cultivation
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Suzuki, N., Rivero, R. M., Shulaev, V., Blumwald, E. and Mittler, R., Plant responses to heat stress: physiology, transcription, noncoding RNAs, and epigenetics. New Phytol., 2020, 22(1), 117. Deuter, P., White, N. and Putland, D., Critical temperature thresholds case study: tomato. Agriscience Queensland, 2012, 1, 54–61.
Literature cited 2: FAO, Agricultural production statistics, 2000–2020. FAOSTAT analytical brief series no. 41, 2022. Haider, S. et al., Unfolding molecular switches in plant heat stress resistance: A comprehensive review. Plant Cell Rep., 2022, 41(3), 775–798.

ID: 66078
Title: Comparative studies on heat and stress build up in jointed and intact granites at depth of 220 m, Bhima Basin, India
Author: Binu Kumar, R. K. Bajpai and T. N. Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (11) 1322-1329 10 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Comparative studies on heat and stress build up in jointed and intact granites at depth of 220 m, Bhima Basin, India
Keywords: Geological disposal system, granite, jointed granitic rock mass, smectite clay, thermo hydro mechanical.
Abstract: Two-dimensional simulation of heat transfer through a granite rock mass forming part of Proterozoic granites in Bhima Basin (BB) and associated groundwater flow and bulk stress distribution is carried out using structural geological features joints, fractures, etc. measured in field and laboratory evaluated mechanical, thermal and hydraulic parameters of 56 rock samples coupled with prevailing in situ stress field. The modelled rock mass (20 m × 10 m) consists of D-shaped opening at 220 m depth containing cylindrical heat source (500 Watt) and clay buffer with two sets of joints dipping at 90° and 45°. The intact rock mass under combined thermal and overburden stresses registers a maximum 19.77 MPa stress while it is 23.34 MPa in jointed rock mass due to additional stresses imposed by groundwater in the joints resulting in maximum displacement, groundwater flow and temperature of 4.46 mm, 1.93 × 10–8 m/s and 78.21°C respectively. The present study produces database on response of BB granites to applied thermal in situ-groundwater stresses.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Naithani, A. K., Underground rock caverns for strategic crude oil storage in India – nature of studies, design and construction. Curr. Sci., 2012, 103(5), 490–496. Nilsen, B., Norwegian oil and gas storage in rock caverns – technology based on experience from hydropower development. J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng., 2021, 13(2), 479–486.
Literature cited 2: Verma, A. K., Gautam, P., Singh, T. N. and Bajpai, R. K., Discrete element modelling of conceptual deep geological repository for high-level nuclear waste disposal. Arab. J. Geosci., 2015, 8, 8027– 8038. Bajpai, R. K., Recent advances in the geological disposal of nuclear wastes worldwide and Indian scenario. J. Geol. Soc. India, 2004, 63(3), 354–356.

ID: 66077
Title: Synthesis and application of curcumin-based zinc complex for corrosion inhibition of mild steel in alkaline media
Author: V. Nayana Senan , K. S. Beena Kumari and O. Lekshmy
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (11) 1315-1321 10 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Synthesis and application of curcumin-based zinc complex for corrosion inhibition of mild steel in alkaline media
Keywords: Adsorption, corrosion, curcumin, metal complex, weight loss method.
Abstract: A metal complex was prepared from zinc acetate dihydrate and curcumin by using the reflux method. The corrosion inhibition behaviour of the zinc–curcumin complex in 1 M NaOH on a mild steel sample was evaluated by conventional weight loss method and potentiodynamic studies. Through SEM analysis, the shape of the layer adsorbed on the mild steel surface was studied. Through EDX analysis, the adsorbed film’s elemental composition was determined. The greatest result 98% was reached at 150 mg l –1 , indicating that inhibition efficiency increases as the inhibitor’s concentration rises. The Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm is followed by adsorption nature of the complex over the sample surface
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Harsimran, S., Santosh, K. and Rakesh, K., Overview of corrosion and its control: a critical review. Proc. Eng. Sci., 2021, 3, 13–24. Oyekunle, D. T., Agboola, O. and Ayeni, A. O., Corrosion inhibitors as building evidence for mild steel: a review. J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 2019, 1378, 032046.
Literature cited 2: Yüksel, İ., Yüksel and İsa, A review of steel slag usage in construction industry for sustainable development. Environ. Dev. Sustain., 2017, 19, 369–384. Hossain, N., Asaduzzaman Chowdhury, M. and Kchaou, M., An overview of green corrosion inhibitors for sustainable and environment friendly industrial development. J. Adhes. Sci., 2020, 35, 673–690

ID: 66076
Title: From evolutionary relics to diabetic mellitus sentinels: a Mendelian randomization study of endogenous retrovirus group V member 1
Author: Mingtong Wei , Xiangyi Bu, Anmin Wang , Juanzi Gao , Haoyuan Tan and Weidong Jia,
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (11) 1310-1314 10 Dec. (2024)
Subject: From evolutionary relics to diabetic mellitus sentinels: a Mendelian randomization study of endogenous retrovirus group V member 1
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Mendelian randomization, polyproteins, retroviru
Abstract: Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are retroviral elements that have integrated into the human genome during evolution and have various effects on human health and disease. Diabetic mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. The causal relationship between HERVs and DM is unclear and controversial. In the present study, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) to infer the causal effect of HERV group V member 1 envelope polyprotein (HERVV-1 Env) expression on three types of DM: type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We found that HERVV-1 Env expression had a significant protective effect on T1DM and GDM, albeit not on T2DM. The reverse MR analysis showed that the three subtypes of DM did not affect HERVV-1 Env expression. Our findings illuminate the intricate relationship between HERVV-1 Env expression and varying DM subtypes, highlighting distinct underlying mechanisms. This pioneering study into the potential causal ties between HERVs family members and DM onset offers a new perspective on the significance of HERVs in human health and pathology.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Jakobsson, J. and Vincendeau, M., SnapShot: human endogenous retroviruses. Cell, 2022, 185, 400. Mangeney, M. et al., Placental syncytins: genetic disjunction between the fusogenic and immunosuppressive activity of retroviral envelope proteins. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 2007, 104, 20534– 20539.
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