ID: 62766
Title: An analytical hierarchy process-based assessment of factors affecting service performance of toolbooth operators
Author: Chintaman Santosh Bari, Ashish Dhamaniya and Satish Chandra
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (11) 1327 -1341 (2022)
Subject: An analytical hierarchy process-based assessment of factors affecting service performance of toolbooth operators
Keywords: Analytical hierarchy process, multi-attribute decision-making, service performance, toolbooth operators, weights
Abstract: The efficiency of manual toll transactions is highly dependent upon the service performance of toolbooth operators. The latter is a multi-attribute decision making (MADM) problem, as the performance of the toolbooth operators is influenced by various criteria such as traffic operation, toolbooth ergonomics, etc. The present study has used the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), a MADM method, to evaluate the criteria affecting the service performance of tollbooth operators. Based on the available literature, the criteria affecting the service performance of toll-booth operators included service time, their capability in terms of service training, shift timings and personal safety. A structured AHP questionnaire was prepared for developing the relative importance matrix from the perception of the toolbooth operator. The weights were obtained from the AHP relative importance matrix and used for setting the priorities. The results show that operator’s capability as a criterion and training given to the toolbooth operators as a sub-criterion have the highest priorities with weights of 0.51 and 0.214 respectively (global weight). Finally, sensitivity analysis was performed to check the effect of change in weights of criteria on the service performance of tollbooth operators. Thus, the output could be used by the concessionaire to meet the requirements of the toolbooth operators for enhancing their service performance in order to improve the service level of toll plazas.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Navandar, Y.V., Bari, C.S., Dhanmaniya, A., Arkatkar, S.and Patel, D.A., Invetigation on the determination of service headway variability at toolbooths under mixed traffic scenario in emerging counties. Curr. Sci., 2021, 121 (1), 148-160.
Bari, C., Chandra, S., Dhamaniya, A. and Navandar, Y., Novel approach for design of merging and diverging length at toll plazas: a case study.Transp.Res.Rec.J.Transp.Res.Board, 2002, 2676 (3), 17-37.
Literature cited 2: National Highway Fee (Determination Rates Collect.Rules, The Gazette of India. Ministry of shipping, Road Transport and High-ways, Government of India, 2008, pp.1-28.
Chauhan, R., Chamaniya, A. and Arkatkar, S., Driving behaviour at signalized intersections operating under disordered traffic conditions.Transp.Res.Rec.J.Transp.Res.Board, 2021, 2675(1), 1356-1378.
ID: 62765
Title: Role of soil and larval excreta in the horizontal transmission of the baculovirus HpNPV and its implications in the management of teak defoliator Hyblaea puera
Author: T.N.Bindu, Peroth Blakrishnan, T.V.Sajeev and V.V.Sudheendrakumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (11) 1321 -1326 (2022)
Subject: Role of soil and larval excreta in the horizontal transmission of the baculovirus HpNPV and its implications in the management of teak defoliator Hyblaea puera
Keywords: Baculovirus, horizontal transmission, Hyblaea puera, pest management, soil and larval excreta, teak.
Abstract: In baculovirus-insect systems, a mixed-mode transmission strategy involving vertical transmission of virus from parent to offspring, and horizontal transmission from infected to susceptible or from the environment is well known. In this study, we examined the role of soil and excreta as alternative routes of horizontal transmission of Hyblaea purea nucleopolyhedrovirus (HpNPV) in the teak defoliator H.puera and how larval crowding influences these processes. The laboratory experiment failed to identify horizontal transmission of the virus from the soil during population or eclosion. However, the role of soil as a reservoir cannot be ignored as chances of transport of viral particles from soil to tree bark are expected through termite nests built on teak stems, which needs further examination. On the other hand, the experiments proved excreta as a major route of horizontal transmission and the rate of infectivity during crowding of larvae was significantly higher. Further research on other routes of horizontal transmission and host behaviour influencing the same are discussed here in the context of their role in managing of teak defoliator outbreaks.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Fuxa, J.R., Ecology of insect nucleopolyhedroviruses.Agric.Ecosyst.Environ., 2004, 103, 27-43.
Cory, J.S., Insect virus transmission: different routes to persistence. Curr. Opin. Insect Sci., 2015, 8, 130-135.
Literature cited 2: Williams, T., Virto, C., Murillo, R. and Caballero, P., Covert infection of insects by haculoviruses. Front. Microbiol., 2017, 8, 1337.
Cory, J.S., and Myers, J.H., The ecology and evolution of insect baculoviruses.Annu.Rev.Ecol.Evol.Syst., 2003, 34, 239-272.
ID: 62764
Title: Convolutional neural network architecture for detection and classification of diseases in fruits
Author: Yogesh Kumar, Nitasha Hasteer, Anshul Bhardwaj and Yogesh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (11) 1315 -1320 (2022)
Subject: Convolutional neural network architecture for detection and classification of diseases in fruits
Keywords: Agriculture, artificial intelligence, convolutional neural network, deep learning, fruit and leaf disease detection
Abstract: Artificial intelligence is now becoming a part of people’s everyday lives. It can help farmers detect any disease in the early stage and take pre-emptive actions to save their crops and control disease spread, thus preventing crop wastage as well as increasing their income. The present study uses a combination of 13 convolutional neural network (CNN) models to classify five types of fruits and their leaf images into 41 classes. Including diseased and healthy. Results show that the average accuracy of this CNN architecture is above 90% for all 13 individual models. One of the CNN models has been compared with three pertained models, i.e., Mobile Net, Dense Net121 and InceptionV3 trained using the same dataset. It shows that the CNN architecture used in this study has higher accuracy while also being simple and easy to train.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Gustavsson, J. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and ASME/Pacific Rim Technical Conference and exhibition on Integration and Packaging of Mems, N. Global food looses and food waste: extent, causes and prevention: study conducted for the International Congress “Save Food!”at Interpack, Dusseldorf, Germany, 2011.
https://planthealthaction.org/news/plant-health-facts (accessed on 18 December 2021.).
Literature cited 2: James, G.M. and Sujatha, S., Categorising applefruit diseases employing hybrid neural clustering classifier.Mater.Today: Proc., 2021.
Sembiring, A., Away, Y., Arnia, and Muharar, R., Development of concise convolutional neural network for tomato plant disease classification based on leaf images.J.Phys. Congf. Ser., IOP Publishing Lttd, 2021.
ID: 62763
Title: Monitoring snow cover in the Himalayan-Karakoram basins using AWiFS data: significant outcomes
Author: Bhanu Praksh Rathore, Ishmohan Bahuguna, Sushil Kumar Singh, Ujjwal Kumar Gupta and Surjeet Singh Randhawa
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (11) 1305 -1314 (2022)
Subject: Monitoring snow cover in the Himalayan-Karakoram basins using AWiFS data: significant outcomes
Keywords: Climate change, Cryosphere, intrannual trends, river basins, satellite data, snow area variability
Abstract: Snow cover, the second largest component of the Earth’s cryosphere, controls the hydrology of basins, bass balance of glaciers and climate at the local, regional and global scale. Therefore, it is regularly observed through the Earth Observation (EO dataset at fine, medium and coarse resolution to understand the impact of its variability in land-atmospheric interactions. The present study analyses of the variability of snow cover are within the Himalayan-Karakoram (H-K) region based on snow products generated by the NDSI approach using data from AWiFS sensor of the NDSI approach using data from AWiFS sensor of Resourcesat satellites at an interval of five and ten days. The study covers 33 sub-basins of the Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra basins in the H-K region. For analysis and presentation, results of the Indus basin have been further divided as Indus –North, Indus-South, Chenab and Sutlej basins due to the large basin area. A high spatial and temporal variability in the season snow area was observed in the entire H-K region based on the sub-basin –wise 35, 910 snow cover products generated between 2004 and 2019.A higher percentage of snow area in the Karakoram region than in the other sub-basins was observed throughout the years. Though interannual trends of snow cover area remained more or less stable in all the basins, a decreasing trend was observed in October in a few basins and an increase is snow area in the Indus –North region during December and January.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Hall, D.K., Riggs, G.A.and Salomonson, V.V., Development of methods for mapping global now area using moderate resolution imaging spectroraidiometer data. Remote Sensing Environ, 1995, 54(2), 127-140.
Pepe, M., Brivio, P.A., Rampini, A., Nodari, F.R., and Boschetti, M., Snow area monitoring in Alpine regions using ENVISAT optical data.Int.J.TRemote Sensing, 2005, 26 (21), 4661-4667.
Literature cited 2: Daloz, A.S. et al., How much snow falls in the world’s mouintains? A first look at mountain snowfall estimates in A-train observations and reanalyses. Cryosphere, 2020, 14, 3195-3207.
Groisman, P.Y., Karl, T.R., Knight, R.W., and Stenchikov, G.L., Changes of snow area, temperature, and radiative heat balance over the Northern Hemisphere.J. Climate, 1994, 7(11), 1633-1656.
ID: 62762
Title: Occurrence of Sapphirine-bearing granulites from Kothuru, Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt: implications on ultra-high temperature metamorphism
Author: Saurabh Singh, Divya Prakash, Chandra Kant Singh, Vedika Srivastava, Manoj Kumar Yadav, Pradip Kumar Singh and Manish Kumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (11) 1298 -1304 (2022)
Subject: Occurrence of Sapphirine-bearing granulites from Kothuru, Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt: implications on ultra-high temperature metamorphism
Keywords: Granulites, mineral chemistry, pseudosection modelling, reaction textures, sappirine-bearing, ultra-high temperature metamorphism
Abstract: In this study, we present evidence for the stable coexistence of sapphirine + quartz and the compositional characteristics of the sapphirine-bearing granulites from Kothuru in the Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt (EGMB), India. The study area is an integral part of the Precambrian terrane in the western part of EGMB and is characterized by the granulite facies rocks comprising mainly of politic granulites such as charnockites, enderbites, leptynites, khondalites and gneisses, and sapphirine-spined –quartz-bearing rocks. The chemistry of the minerals present in the assemblage has been examined using the electron probe micro analyser to infer their occurrence and distribution in various reaction textures observed during the petrographic study. The peak and post-peak history of the sapphirine-bearing granulites of Kothuru section have been constrained in the NCKFMASHTO system showing depressional P-T path of high-grade metamorphic rock through the intersection of the isopleths contours of various mineral phases present. The proposed P-T path with a steep isothermal decompression retrograde trajectory may be attributed to the over-thrust processes. The results obtained from the petrographic study of the mineral assemblages along with their textural relationship, mineral chemistry, especially Fe3+/FeTotal ratio and pseudosection modelling reveal that the studied segment has arrested promising ultra-high temperature metamorphic signatures and is tectonically distinct from those reported in the adjacent areas.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Mukhopadhyay, D., and Basak, K., The Eastern Ghats belt-a poly-cyclic granulite terrain.J.Geol., Soc.India, 2009, 73, 489-518.
Dasgupta, S., Bose, S. and Das, K., Tectonic evolution of the Eastern Ghats Belt, India. Precambrian Res., 2013, 227, 247-258.
Literature cited 2: Das, K., Bose, S., Karmakar, S. Dunkley, D.J and Dasgupta, S., Multiple tectonometamorphic imprints in the lower crust: first evidence of ca.950 Ma (zircon U-Pb SHRIMP) compressional reworking of UHT aluminous granulites from the Eastern Ghats Belt,India.Geol.J.2011, 46, 217-239.
Korhonen, F.J., Brown, M., Clark, C. and Bhattacharya, S., Osumilite-melt interactions in ultrahigh temperature granulites: phase equilibria modelling and implications for the P-T-t evolution of the Eastern Ghats Province, India .J.Metamorph.Geol. 2013, 31, 881-907.
ID: 62761
Title: Magmatic Ni-Cu-Fe sulphide mineralization from the Halaguru area, Eastern Dharwar Craton, Southern India
Author: Sneha Raghuvanshi, N.V.Chalapathi Rao, Ajit K.Sahoo and Debojit Talukdar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (11) 1288 -1297 (2022)
Subject: Magmatic Ni-Cu-Fe sulphide mineralization from the Halaguru area, Eastern Dharwar Craton, Southern India
Keywords: Hornblendite, Pyrrhotite-Pentlandite-chal-copyrite assemblage, spinel, sulphide mineralization.
Abstract: Here we report sulphide mineralization in a spinel-bearing orthopyroxene hornblendite from the Halaguru area, Eastern Dharwar Craton (EDC), Southern India. The hornblendite contains approximately 3% olivine, 38% orthopyroxene, 56% amphibole and 2% oxide/sulphide phases. Petrographic and mineral chemistry studies show its formation as a result of the reaction between early formed olivine and hydrous silicate melt without any metamorphic imprint, despite its proximity to amphibolites-granulite isograd in the EDC. The sulphides comprise the disseminated form of pyrrhotite-pentlandite-chalcopyrite assemblage, which is well crystallized and the primary magmatic featuresae preserved as contact and granular textures. Absence of crustal xenoliths and lower SiO2 (48 wt %), Sr (35 ppm), Pb (<5ppm), U (<0.1 ppm) and the (0.10 ppm) content coupled with higher Mg # (~82), Ni (700 ppm), Cr (2500 ppm) concentration in the bulk sample rules out the possibility of sulphide saturation by the addition of crustal-derived sulphur. Based on the combined textural and compositional criteria, the pyrrhotite-pentlandite-chalcopyrite assemblage is a product of the cooling and crystallization of immiscible sulphide globules. The initial high monosulphide solution, upon cooling, exsolves to pyrrhotite and pentlandite and later, at lower temperature, intermediate sulphide solid solution gives rise to chalcopyrite which is dominantly present around the edges of the pyrrhotite-pentlandite assemblage.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Lightfoot, P.C. and Naldrett, A.J. Geological and geochemical relationships in the Voisey’s Bay Intrusion, Nain Plutonic Suite, Labrador, Canada. In Dynamic Processes in Magmatic Ore Deposits and their Application in Mineral Exploration, Geological Association of Canada (eds Keays, R.R. et al)., Short Course Notes, 1999, vol.13, pp.1-30.
Yan, S. et al., Pt-Os isotopic constrains on the age of hydrothermal overprinting on the Jinchauan Ni-Cu-PGE deposits, China Miner. Deposita, 2018, 53, 757-774.
Literature cited 2: Barnes,S.J.and Naldrett, A.J., Geochemistry of J-Mreef of the Stillwater Complex, Minneapolis adit area II.Siliate mineral chemistry and petrogenesis.J.Petrol.,1986, 27 (4), 791-825.
Naldrett, A.J. et al., Controls on the composition of Ni-Cu sulphide deposits as illustrated by those at Noril’sk ,Siberia.Econ.Geol.,1996, 91, 751-773.
ID: 62760
Title: Evaluation of ground vibrations induced by blasting in limestone quarry
Author: Punit Paurush and Piyush Rai
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (11) 1279 -1287 (2022)
Subject: Evaluation of ground vibrations induced by blasting in limestone quarry
Keywords: Blasting, ground vibration, limestone quarry, peak particle velocity, threshold levels.
Abstract: Despite being a versatile and low-cost method, rock blasting produces undesirable severe effects. The present study aims to examine the ground vibrations produced by blasting, which are of serious concern to mine operators as well as the nearby inhabitatnts.Forty-nine field-scale trial blasts were conducted and recorded to measure ground vibrations produced by blasting in a limestone quarry in Rajasthan, India. The multi-variate linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN) techniques were used to predict the peak particle velocity (PPV) with distance between the blasting site and measuring station, charge per delay and scaled distance as the input parameters. Subsequently, a coefficient of determination (R2) was calculated using MLR and ANN approaches. Additionally, to verify whether the recorded events exceeded the threshold levels, the values of PPV and dominant frequency propounded by the United States Bureau of Mines (USBM), German standard (DIN), and Director General of Mines Safety, India were carefully scrutinized. Results were compared based on R2 values obtained by the USBM predictor equation, MLR and ANN techniques. It was found that ANN provided a good prediction with a high degree of correlation (0.901) in comparison to MLR (0.754). Also, frequency analysis for the study field showed that he dominance of frequencies was in the range 10-40Hz.Although the values were within safe limits, disturbances may be witnessed in nearby structures if PPV values are high at lower frequency range.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Uysal,O.,Erarslan,K.,Cebi,M.Aand Akcakoca,H.,Effect of barrier holes on blast induced vibration.Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci., 2008, 45(5) , 712-719.
Ozdemir, K. Kahriman, A., Tuncer, G., Akgundogdu,A., Elver,E. and Ucan,O.N.,Fragmetnation assessment using a new image processing technique based on adaptive neuro fuzzy inheritance systems. In Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Explosives and Blasting Technique, International Society of Explosives Engineers, 2004, vol.2, pp.181-188.
Literature cited 2: Felice, J.J., Appliations of modelling to reduce vibration and airblast levels. In International Symposium on Rock Fragmentation by Blasting, Vienna, 1993, pp.145-151.
Tuncer, G.Kahriman, A., Ozdemir, K., Guven, S., Ferhatoglu, A.Gezbul, T., The damage risk evaluation of ground vibration induced by blasting in Naipli Quarry. In Third International Conference Modern Management of Mine Producing, Geology and Environmental Protection, Varna, Bulgaria, 2003, pp.9-13.
ID: 62759
Title: Analysis of future wind and solar potential over India using climate models
Author: T.S.Anandh, Deepak Gopalakrishnana and Parthasarathi Mukhopadhyay
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (11) 1268 -1278 (2022)
Subject: Analysis of future wind and solar potential over India using climate models
Keywords: Climate models, future renewable energy, solar radiation, wind and solar potential, wind speed
Abstract: Climate change is expected to impact future renewable energy production. Therefore, investors in this sector should understand and consider possible changes due to climate change. Here, we analyze the future wind and solar energy potential over the Indian landmass using climate model ensembles. Our analyses real that, in future, seasonal and annual wind speed is likely to decrease over North India and increase along South India. On the other hand, solar radiation is estimated to decease (10-15 Wm-2) over the next 50 years during all seasons. With the estimated decrease in future wind and solar potential, expended and more efficient networks of wind and solar farms are needed to increase renewable energy production.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Intergovernmntal Panel on Climate Change, IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) Observed Climate Change Impacts Database ,Version 2.01.Palisades ,NY, Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center, NASA,USA, 2017; https://doi.org/10.7927/H4FT8JoX ( accessed on 10 December 2019).
Rodhe, H., A comparison of the contribution of various gases to the greenhouse effect. Science, 1990, 248 (4960), 1217-1219.
Literature cited 2: Lashof, D. and Ahuja, D., Relative contributions of greenhouse gas emissions to global warming. Nature, 1990, 344, 529-531; https://doi.org/10.1038/344529a0.
Ruddiman, W.F., The anthropogenic greenhouse era began thousands of years ago. Climatic Change, 2003, 61 (3), 261-293.
ID: 62758
Title: Building detection methods from remotely sensed images
Author: Naveen Chandra and Himadri Vaidya
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (11) 1252 -1267 (2022)
Subject: Building detection methods from remotely sensed images
Keywords: Building detection, classification, geospatial issues, remote sensing images, urban areas
Abstract: With the availability of high-resolution satellite imagery, new applications have been developed for solving geospatial issues in urban regions. Building detection from remote sensing images has been active area of research due to its broad range of applications, including city modelling, man updating and urban monitoring. The manual processing of an image is a time-consuming and laborious task. Therefore, researchers have developed methods that involve less or no human effort. At present, building detection has improved through various automated and semi-automated methods/algorithms/techniques suggested in various studied. The objective of the present study is to review the efforts of such studies. Here, the building detection methods are categorized into six groups: (i) low-level feature-based methods, (ii) snake models, (iii) graph-based methods, (iv)shadow detection-based methods, (v) cognition-based methods and (vi) deep learning models. We hope that this study will aid the researchers working in this domain.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Chaudhuri,D.,Kushwaha,N.K.,Samal,A.and Agarwal,R.C.,Automatic building detection from high-resolution satellite images based on morphology an internal gray variance.IEEE.J.Sel.Top.Appl.Earth Obs.Remote Sensing , 2015, 9 (5), 1767-1779.
Sirmacek, B.an Unsalan, C., Urban-area and building detection using SIFT keypoints and graph theory.IEEE.Trans.Geosci.Remote Sensing, 2009, 47 (4), 1156-1167.
Literature cited 2: Ok, A.O., Automated election of buildings from single VHR multispectral images using shadow information and graph cuts. ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote sensing, 2013, 86, 21-40.
Sirmacek, B. an unsalan, C, A probabilistic framework to detect buildings in aerial and satellite images. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, 2010, 49 (1), 211-221.
ID: 62757
Title: Air pollution tolerance index of selected roadside plant species in Aizawl, Mizoram, India
Author: B.P.Mishra, John Lianngura, Madhurima, O.P.Tripathi
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (11) 1249 -1251 (2022)
Subject: Air pollution tolerance index of selected roadside plant species in Aizawl, Mizoram, India
Keywords: Air pollution tolerance index, roadside plant species, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
Abstract: Air pollution tolerance index (APTI) indicates the capability of plant species to mitigate air pollution. Plants purify the air by intercepting particulate matter and smoke, acting as a scavenger for pollutants. The plants sensitive to pollutants acts as a pollution bio-indicator. APTI can be helpful in developing appropriate management strategies using plants to minimize the level of air pollutants. The studies on the plant responses to a particular pollutant an APTI based on biochemical parameters are paramount. The ability of leaves to intercept dust particles depends on their water holding capacity, chlorophyll content, leaf ascorbic acid content, tree height and canopy.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Kumar, J. and Deswal.S. Int.J.Emerg.Technol. 2017, 8, 179-184.
Panda, L.R.L., Aggarwal, R.K. and Bhardwaj, R.D.Curr.World Environ., 2018, 13, 55-65.
Literature cited 2: Fowler, D., Cape, J.N.and Unsworth, M.H., Philos.Trans.R.Soc.London, 1989, 324, 247-265.
Das, M. And Mukherjee, A., Res.J.Pharm.Biol.Chem.Sci. 2018, 9, 54.
ID: 62756
Title: Circumventing the intermediaries for economic empowerment of small farmers in Punjab, India
Author: Rajesh K.Rana, Rajbir Singh and A.K.Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (11) 1243 -1246 (2022)
Subject: Circumventing the intermediaries for economic empowerment of small farmers in Punjab, India
Keywords: Economic empowerment, farmers, Punjab, India
Abstract: The Indian agricultural marketing system is highly complex due to the agro-climatic diversity and the large number of agric-products produced in the country by several smallholders. Direct marketing was an innovative policy initiative at the end of the 20th century for saving farmers from exploitation by middlemen, especially commission agents. However, the success of this model has remained limited and now the policymakers have to reinnovate measures to ensure better prices for the small farmers. This note is partly based on the national consultation meeting of experts organized on-line by the ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, on 21 June 2021.A critical analysis of the extent, nature and improvements needed in the existing measures targeted to ensure remunerative prices to small farmers, which special reference to Punjab, has been presented. The higher producer’s share in consumer’s price as the undisputable standard of farmers’ welfare is an outdated concept, as the farmers are getting higher net price by selling produce in export and distant markets. However, state-of-the-art technological developments are necessary for managing the marketing process more efficiently by the small farmers.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Negi, S. and Anand, N.IUP J. Supply Chain Manage, 2015, 12(1), 48.
Dastagiri, M.B. et al., Outlook Agric., 2012; https://doi.%20org/10.5367/oa.2012.0103.
Literature cited 2: Chand, R., Econ.Polit.Wkly, 2012, 47(52), 53-63.
Rais, M. and Sheoran, A.J. Food Process, 2015, 6, 427.
ID: 62755
Title: Insight into possible adjuvant role of phytol to fight SARS-CoV-2
Author: Cicero Matheus Lima Amaral, Ilana Carneiro Lisboa Magalhaes, Arnaldo Solheiro Bezerra, Michelangelo Bauwelz Gonzatti, Maria Izabel Florindo Guedes and Jose Ednesio da Cruz Freire
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (11) 1241 -1242 (2022)
Subject: Insight into possible adjuvant role of phytol to fight SARS-CoV-2
Keywords: Insight, phytol, SARS-CoV-2
Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by the novel ẞ-coronavirus (SARS-coV-2), with the first case reported in Wuhan, China, in 2019.It has become a global problem due to a large number of documented victims. Up until the end of January 2022, more than 511.7 million SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases have been reported, leading to the death of more than 6.2 million people worldwide. COVID-19 has caused health emergencies all over the world, especially when complications associated with gastrointestinal infections, renal failure, heart diseases and diabetes were documented.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Freire, C.M.A.S. et al., Sylwan, 2020, 164(11), 486-505.
Denison, M.R., Graham, R.L., Donaldson, E.F., Eckerle, L.D., and Baric., R.S., RNA Biol.,2011, 8(2), 270-279; doi:10.4161/rna.8.2.15013.
Literature cited 2: Chibo.D. and Birch, C.J., Gen. Virol., 2006, 87(5), 1203-1208; doi:10.1099/vir.0.81662-0.
Harrison, A.G., Lin., T. and Wang, P., 1115; doi: 10.1016/j.it.2020.10.004.
ID: 62754
Title: Identification of cis-and trans-expression quantitative trait loci using Bayesian framework
Author: Himadri Shekhar Roy, Amrit Kumar Paul and Ranjit Kumar Paul
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (10) 1214 -1219 (2022)
Subject: Identification of cis-and trans-expression quantitative trait loci using Bayesian framework
Keywords: Barley, gene expression, hotspots, integrated hierarchical model, quantitative trait loci
Abstract: The detection and identification of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) for biological characteristics like gene expression is an important focus of genomics. The existence of cis-and trans-eQTLs is crucial for establishing their cumulative significance to the desired traits. A crucial aspect of genomics is identifying the cis-and trans-eQTLs that capture substantial changes in the expression of distant genes. The goal of the present study was to use an integrated hierarchical Bayesian model to identify the cis-and trans-eQTLs. Molecular approaches are utilized to categorize just the candidate genes when quantitative trait loci or eQTLs are identified. Variations inside or near the gene are hypothesized to determine the genetic variances that reflect transcript levels. The identification of eQTLs has helped us better understand gene regulation and complex trait analysis. The present study focused on barley crops, an only cis-eQTLs were identified; no additional eQTL hotspots were determined. Mouse gene expressions were used to study trans-eQTLs and substantial cis-and trans-eQTLs, as well as four eQTL hotspots were identified.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Druka, A., Potokina, E., Luo, Z., Jiang, N., Chen, X., Kearsey, M. and Waugh, R., Expression quantitative trait loci analysis in plants. Plant Biotechnol. J., 2010, 8(1), 10-27.
Gelfond, J.A., Ibrahim, J.G., and Zou, F. Proximity model for expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) detection. Biometrics, 2007, 63(4), 1108-1116.
Literature cited 2: Potokina, E., Druka, A., Luo, Z., Wise, R., Waugh, R. and Kearsey, barley genes reveals complex pattern of genome-wide transcriptional regulation.Plant.J. 008, 53(1), 90-101.
Brem, R.B., Yvert, Clinton, R. and Kruglyak, L., Genetic detection of transcriptional regulation in budding yeast. Science, 2002, 296 (5568), 752-755.
ID: 62753
Title: Seasonal impact on quantitiative attributes and vegetation indices of bioresources present in Horti-silvi-pasture system of Central Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Author: Sabeena Nabi, Shabir Ahmad Rather, Burhan Nabi and K.N.Qaisar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (10) 1209 -1214 (2022)
Subject: Seasonal impact on quantitiative attributes and vegetation indices of bioresources present in Horti-silvi-pasture system of Central Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Keywords: Bioresources, horti-silvi-pasture system, quantitative attributes, seasons, vegetation indices
Abstract: Bioresources composition in District Budgam (Central Kashmir) revealed the presence of 31 genera having 32 species belonging to 20 families of herb plants and six genera of six species representing three families of trees. Seasonal variation in quantitative attributes explicated dominance of Cynodon dactylon.Index of diversity of herbaceous species demonstrated maximum values during summer season. In case of tree diversity, Malus domestica was recorded as the most important species revealing an importance value index of 72 in the evaluated agroforestry system.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Muzaffar, S.B. et al., The endangered forests of Bangladesh: why the process of implementation of the convention on biological diversity is not working. Biodiver. Conserv., 2011, 20, 1587-1601.
Fifanou, V.G., Ousmane, C., Gauthier, B., and Brice, S., Traditional agroforestry systems and biodiversity conservation in Benin (West Africa) .Agrofor. Syst., 2011, 82, 1-13.
Literature cited 2: Bhagwat, S.A., Willis, K.J., Birks, H.J.B., and Whittaker, R.J., Agroforestry: a refuge for tropical biodiversity. Trends Ecol. Evol., 2008, 23, 261-267.
Garcia-Fernandez, C., Benzoin gardens in North Sumatra, Indonesia: effects of management on tree diversity. Conserv. Biol., 2003, 17, 829-836.
ID: 62752
Title: Prevalence of gastrointesticnal parasites in Nicobar long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis umbrosus) on the Nicobar Group of Islands, India
Author: Shanthala Kumar, Honnavalli N.Kumara, Avadhoot D.Velankar, Partha Sararthi Mishra, Arijit Pal, P.Sundararaj, Mewa Singh and S.Vinoth
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (10) 1199 -1208 (2022)
Subject: Prevalence of gastrointesticnal parasites in Nicobar long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis umbrosus)
Keywords: Changing habitat, faecal samples, gastrointestinal parasites, islands, long-tailed macaque
Abstract: Changes in the habitat can drive the species to adapt to the changing environment that may lead to a risk of infection and the emergence of diseases. The prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites (henceforth endoparasites) in a species is an indicator of changing habitat conditions, and the study of the same is important when the species is restricted to a few islands. Macaca fascicularis umbrosus, endemic to Great Nicobar, Little Nicobar and Katchal Islands. The December, 2004 tsunami destroyed much of its habitat and pushed them to agricuoture fields, leading to a conflict. To study the endoparasites in these macaques, we collected 160 faecal samples from five groups of macaques on Great Nicobar, one group on Little Nicobar, and two groups on Katchal between 2014 and 2016.The endoparasite eggs and cysts were isolated from the faecal samples using floatation concentration and sedimentation techniques in the laboratory. The number and percentprevalence of endoparasites recorded in Great Nicobar, Little Nicobar and Katchal was 13, 5 and 3 and 69.38%, 60.00 % and 39.39% respectively. The Campbell Bay group on Great Nicobar had 12, whereas other groups had 2-7 endoparaites taxa. The protozoan load was higher than the helminth load but the overall, helminth, and protozoan load did not differ between the islands. Ascaris sp., Oesophagostomum sp., Strongyloide ssp., Bunostomum sp. And Balantidium coli were predominant endoparasites. The persistence of macaque with people probably has increased the richness and prevalence of endoparasites on Great Nicobar than in the other two islands
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Tiwari, S. ,Reddy,D.M., Pradheeps, M.,Sreenivasamurthy,G.S., and Umapathy,G., Prevalence and co-occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in Nilgiri langur (Trachypithecus johnii) of fragmented landscape in Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India.Curr., Sci., 2017, 113, 2194-2200.
Umapathy, G.,Singh,M.and Mohnot,S.M.,Status and distribution of Macaca fascicularis umbrosa in the Nicobar Islands, India Int. J. Primatol., 2003, 24, 281-293.
Literature cited 2: Velankar, A.D., Kumara, H.N., Pal, A., Mishra, P.S. and Singh, M., Population recovery of Nicobar long-tailed macaque Macaca fascicularis umbrosus following a tsunami in the Nicobar Islands, India .PLoS ONE, 2016, 11, e0148205.
Fooden, J., Systematic review of Southeast Asian long-tailed macaques. Macaca fascicularis.Fieldiana Zool., New Ser., 1995, 81, 1-206.