ID: 62811
Title: State of Agricultural extension reforms in India and the need of convergence
Author: Rabindra Nath Padaria, P.C. Ranjith, Radhika Tanwar and Simantini Shasani
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (3) 264-270 (2022)
Subject: State of Agricultural extension reforms in India and the need of convergence
Keywords: Agricultural extension, convergence, food security, private stakeholders, reforms and interventions.
Abstract: Extension reforms play a significant role in catalysing the extant policies and provisions that are affecting the extension service across India. Although the country has seen a series of reforms in the past seven decades, the changing contours of agriculture over the years demand new sets of interventions and reform measures. Regimes in the past decades have brought a series of measures to strengthen the extension system. The present study found that the most of the reforms were concentrated on a single theme and even the multiple reforms were overlapping with similar mandates. This resulted in poor performance and poor accessibility to the needy households. Moreover, during the pandemic the existing systems reforms showed a fair amount of refinement. Therefore, the study highlights the importance of convergence across common themes of various interventions brought into the enhance the extension services.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Agricultural census 2015-16; https//agcensus .nic.in/document/agcen1516/T1_ac_2015_16.pdf (accessed on 22 September 2021).
Babu, S.C., Glendenning, C.J., Asenso-Okyere, K., and Govindarajan, S.K., Famers’ information needs and search behaviours. International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington DC, 2012, pp.-37.
Literature cited 2: Economic survey (2018-19); https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/economicsurvey/(accessedon 30 November 2020).
Babu, S.C., Joshi, P.K., Glendenning, C.J., Kwadwo, A., and Rasheed, S.V., The state of agricultural extension reforms in India: strategic priorities and policy options.Agric.Econ.Res.Rev. 2013, 26(2), 159-172.
ID: 62810
Title: Comparative study on larval days and survival rates of selected ornamental shrimps in captive conditions
Author: Manu Madhavan, T.K.Teena Jayakumar, T.T.Ajith Kumar, Kuldeep K.Lal
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (3) 261-263 (2022)
Subject: Comparative study on larval days and survival rates of selected ornamental shrimps in captive conditions
Keywords: Comparative study on larval days, survival rates, selected ornamental shrimps, captive conditions
Abstract: Ornamental shrimps are bizarrely valued resources in the aquarium industry, due to their striking colouration, size, hardness and cleaning behaviour. The popularity of reef tanks in the past decades has led to an increased demand for marine ornamental decapods. The vast majority of them in the aquarium trade are still harvested from the wild, mainly from the coral reef ecosystems. Unreliability of supply to meet market demand lead to overexploitation and inadvertent introduction of parasites or diseases from wild animals. Furthermore, the removal of certain species of shrimps that display associations with various sea creatures results in long-term ecological imbalances.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Calado, R., Olivotto, L, Oliver, M.P. and Holt, J., Marine Ornamental Species Aquaculture, John Wiley, UK, 2017, pp.1-677.
Jose, S., Purushothaman, P.Kumar, T.T. and Lal, K.K., Cur. Sci., 2021,121 (4), 476-478.
Literature cited 2: Olivotto, I., Planas, M., Simbes, N., Holt, G., J., Avella, M.A., and Calado, R.J., World Aquac.Soc. 2011, 42(2), 135-166.
Figueiredo, J. and Narciso, I., Aquaculture, 2006, 261(4), 1249-1258.
ID: 62809
Title: Two decades of progress in the understanding of the Indo-Burmese arc plate circuit
Author: Bhaskar Kundu, Vineet K.GGahalaut, Dibyashakti Panda
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (3) 259-260 (2022)
Subject: Two decades of progress in the understanding of the Indo-Burmese arc plate circuit
Keywords: Indo-Burmese arc plate circuit
Abstract: The drifting of the Indian plate in the northward direction was initiated ~100 million years ago, until it collected with the Eurasian plate in the early Cenozoic period, i.e., 50-45 million years ago. During this continental –continental collision, the eastern boundary of the Indian plate slid past against the western boundary of the Sundaland, leading to the formation of the complex Indo-Burmese Arc (IBA) as a consequence of oblique convergence. With subsequent collisions, the Burma Terrance became predominantly north-south trending due to clockwise rotation. This significant clockwise rotation forced the subduction–collisional boundary to become a hyper-oblique pate boundary of the present day. However, whether the subduction which occurred in the geologic past is still active in the IBA in the geologic past is still active in the IBA is a topic of debate.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Hall, R., J. Asian Earth Sci., 2002, 20 (4), 353-431.
Bertrand, G. and Rangin, C., J. Asian Earth Sci., 2003, 21 (10), 1139-1157.
Literature cited 2: Westerweel, J. et al., Nature Geosci., 2019, 12 (10), 863-868.
Kundu, B. And Gahalaut, V.K., Tectono-physics, 2012, 524,135-146.
ID: 62808
Title: Draft National Geospatial Policy: a few salient observations
Author: Ropesh Goyal, Ashutosh Tiwari, Onkar Dikshit and Nangarajan Balasubramaniam
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (3) 256-258 (2022)
Subject: Draft National Geospatial Policy: a few salient observations
Keywords: Draft National Geospatial Policy, salient observations
Abstract: The new geospatial guidelines for acquiring and producing spatial data services issued vide the Department of Science and Technology 9DST) F. No.SM/25/02/2020 (Part-1) dated 15 February 2021 are appreciated unanimously by various experts and considered a step forward towards boosting the geospatial industries in India. The availability of comprehensive, highly accurate, granular and constantly updated geospatial data brings ample opportunities for the geospatial sector, including academia, industry and research, benefitting diverse sectors of the economy. The decision to maintain consistency and avoid duplication of geospatial data is a welcome step. However, it requires cooperation and unified execution of relevant ideas to bring tangible benefits to the community mentioned above.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: DST, Guidelines for acquiring and producing geospatial data and geospatial data services including maps, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India (GoI), 2021, p.5;https://dst.gov.in/sites/default/files/final%20Approved%20Guidelines%20-on%20Geospatial%0Data.pdf (accessed on 31 May 022).
DST, Draft National Geospatial Policy, Department of Science and Technology,GoI,2021,p.24;https://dist.gov.in/sites/default/files/Draft%20NG%2C%2021.pdf (accessed on 31 May 2022)
Literature cited 2: Burrard, S.G., Levelling of Precision in India.Vol.XIX, The Office of the Trionometrical, Survey of India, Dehradun, 1910, P.546.
National Centre for Geodesy, Report of brainstorming session on Indian National Geodetic Infrastructure: current status and a way forward. Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 2021, p.63.
ID: 62807
Title: Remote sensing-based transformative crop insurance for rice
Author: S.Vijayakumar, R.Mahender Kumr, R.M.Sundaram and P.Balasubramaniam
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (3) 254-255 (2022)
Subject: Remote sensing-based transformative crop insurance for rice
Keywords: Remote sensing, crop insurance
Abstract: A robust crop insurance system is critical to limit the impact of multivariable risks and stimulate innovation and investment in the agricultural sectors. A genuine agricultural insurance claim is lacking in India due to unavailability of accurate data. Manual data collection of cropped area, prevented sowing, failed sowing, and flood-and drought–affected areas is laborious, time consuming, cost-intensive and often erroneous. The existing insurance procedure is not transparent, accurate and fast due to aforesaid issues. We can overcome these problems using satellite-based remote sening. An alternative measure of paddy crop performance through crop health factor index derived from synthetic aperture radar remote sensing data can be utilized in place of yield data in the existing area-yield insurance scheme. Tamil Nadu and West Bengal have successfully implemented this technology, which can be applied across India to make crop insurance transparent, accurate and rapid.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Singh, R. Agricultural Livelihoods and Crop Insurance in India: Simulation Analysis & Assessment, Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH, New Delhi, 2013.
Report of the Committee to review the implementation of crop insurance schemes in India, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Government of India, 2014; www.agricoop@nic.in
Literature cited 2: Leblois, A. and Auirion, P., Meteorol.Appl. 2013, 20 (1) , 1-9.
Smith, V., and Watts, M., Report to the Gates Foundation, Bozeman, Montana, USA, 2009, p.40.
ID: 62806
Title: Buffalo calves from the semen of cloned bulls
Author: M.K.Singh, N.L.Selokar, S.Chand, K.Patel, S.S.Lathwal, T.K., Mohanty and M.S. Chauhan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (3) 253-253 (2022)
Subject: Buffalo calves from the semen of cloned bulls
Keywords: Buffalo calves, semen, cloned bulls
Abstract: Buffalo is the leading farm animal in India’s agricultural economy. In 2018-19, the country produced 187.7 million tonnes of milk, of which 49% (91.7 million tonnes) was contributed by buffalos (Annual report 2019-20, Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries DADF), Government of India (GoI); http://dahd.nic.in).In addition to a significant share in India’s milk production, buffaloes also contribute considerably to the meat industry. Annually, India has been earning more than 20, 000 crores (USD 3000 million) through the export of buffalo meat and its products. In 2019-20, the country exported buffalo meat and its products worth Rs 22,668.48 crores (USD 3175.05 million) (data obtained from the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), GoI: http://apeda.gov.in).Thus this bovine species is a preferred farm animal to boost India’s white (milk) and pink (meat) revolution.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Selokar, N.L., Saini, M., Palta, P., Chauhan, M.S., Manik, R.S., and Singla, S.K., Cell. Reprogram, 2018, 20, 89-98.
Literature cited 2:
ID: 62805
Title: The existential threat posed by humid heat waves due to global warming
Author: J.Srinivasan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (3) 247-248 (2022)
Subject: The existential threat posed by humid heat waves due to global warming
Keywords: Existential threat, humid heat waves, global warming
Abstract: In 2010, Sherwood and Huber (Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci, 107, 9552-9555) showed that there is a limit to how far human beings can adapt to humid heat waves that will occur in the future. The amount of water vapour in the atmosphere increases by 7% for every one-degree Celsius rise in temperature. Hence humid heat waves will be more severe in the future because of an increase in both temperature and humidity. The number of heat waves and forest fires has increased has dramatically in the past few decades due to global warming. The heat waves that are widely reported are those with temperatures above 40°C.These are dry heat waves, and they occur in the pre-monsoon season and hence the relative humidity during these periods is not high. Several methods are available to adapt to such heat waves. The India Meteorological Department has been able to predict heat waves about a week in advance and various ‘heat action plans’ have been developed to reduce morbidity and mortality during dry heat waves. When the ambient relative humidity is low, evaporative cooling is the best way to adapt to these heat waves.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 62804
Title: Tradition in transition: the transformation of traditional agriculture in Arunachalam Pradesh, Northeast India
Author: Toku Bani, Mundeep Deuri, Tonlong Wangpan, Sumpam Tangjang and A.Arunachalam
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (2) 220-225 (2022)
Subject: Tradition in transition: the transformation of traditional agriculture in Arunachalam Pradesh, Northeast India
Keywords: Jhum cultivation, livelihood, socio-economy, sustainable development, traditional agroforestry
Abstract: It has been observed recently that the majority of farmers in Northeast India have shifted their attention towards traditional agroforestry practices owing to their economic and ecological values. We conducted an extensive survey in three districts of Arunachal Pradesh, India, namely, Kra Daadi, Lower Subansiri and Papum Pare. The study focused on the imperative of agroforestry practices in terms of socio-economy, livelihood, food security and the existing constraints hampering the development of agroforestry practices. The traditional agroforestry has replaced the old way of jhumming that registered a decline of at least 70% -80% during the last 15 years. The practice of traditional agroforestry in this region displayed several social, environmental and economic benefits leading to the growth of adoption for sustainable development.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Panda, B.K., Md. Alam, A. and Sarkar, Shifting Cultivation in North-East India: Trend, Benefits and Challenges, 2016.
Fox, J.Castella, J.C., Ziegler, A.D., Swidden, Rubber and Carbon: Can REDD+work for people and the environment in Montane Mainland Southeast asia? In CCAFS Working Paper No.9, Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), Copenhagen, Denmark, 2011.
Literature cited 2: Kerkho, E. and Sharma, E., Debating shifting cultivation in the Eastern Himalayas: farnmers’innovations as lessons for policy. The International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), Kathmandu, Nepal,2006.
Nath, A.J., Sahoo, U.K., Giri,K., Sileshi, G.W., and Das, A.K., Incentivizing hill farmers for promoting agroforestry as an alternative to shifting cultivation in northeast India.In Agroforestry for Degraded Landscapes (ed Dagar,J.C.,)., Springer Nature Singapore pte Ltd, 2020, pp.425-444.
ID: 62803
Title: Isolation of a pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic bacteria and its growth-promoting effect on pepper plants
Author: Ting Yang, Fachao Shi, Yuxing An, Donglei Sun and Yinglin Lu
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (2) 214-219 (2022)
Subject: Isolation of a pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic bacteria and its growth-promoting effect on pepper plants
Keywords: Growth promotion, indole-3-acetic acid, Methylobacterium populi, nitrogen fixation, pepper plants, sugarcane rhizosphere
Abstract: Microorganisms offer a low-cost, ecofriendly alternative to chemical fertilizers. A pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic bacterium Gen-B2 was isolated from sugarcane rhizosphere and its growth-promoting activity was detected using in vitro experiments. Based on morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics, Gen-B2 was identified as Methylobacterium populi. Pepper seedling inoculation significantly benefitted shoot/root fresh/dry weight, plant height, chlorophyll content and average true leaf number. Determination of activities related to growth promotion indicated that Gen-B2 promoted plant growth through nitrogen fixation and indole acetic acid synthesis .The present study suggests that this bacterium has great potential to be used as a bioinoculant for sustainable cultivation.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Singh, K.S.W., Everett, D.H, Haul, R.A.W., Moscou, L., Pierotti, R.A., Rouquerol, J. and Siemieniewska, T., Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity. Pure Appl. Chem., 1985, 57, 603-619.
Kuila, U. And Prasad, M., Specific surface area and pore-size distribution in clays and shales. Geophys. Prospect, 2013, 61, 341-362.
Literature cited 2: Wandrey, C.J., Sylhet-Kopili/Brail-Tipam composite total petroleum system, Assam Geologic province, India.US Geol.Surv.Bull., 2004, 2208-D, 1-19.
Alam, J. Chatterjee, R. and Dasgupta, S. Estimation of pore pressure, tectonic strain and stress magnitudes in the Upper Assam basin: a tectonically active part of India.Geophys.J.Int.,2019, 216,659-675.
ID: 62802
Title: Mineralogy and pore structure characterization of lower Oligocene to Early Miocene formations in parts of Assam-Arakan basin, Northeast India
Author: Triveni Gogoi, Jenifer Alam and Rima Chatterjee
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (2) 202-213 (2022)
Subject: Mineralogy and pore structure characterization of lower Oligocene to Early Miocene formations in parts of Assam-Arakan basin, Northeast India
Keywords: Mineralogy, pore size distribution, pore network, pore structure, reservoir rocks
Abstract: In this study, reservoir rocks have been characterized by pore-scale measurements and mineralogical analysis of core samples, drill cuttings or crushed samples collected from Upper Assam and Mizoram, Northeast Indi. The mineralogical composition and pore types were examined using various laboratory techniques, like petrography under transmitted light microscope, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction and nitrogen (N2) gas adsorption. The variation in porosity and permeability was elated to different factors such as rock composition, cementing, textural parameters, grain size and sorting, pores and pore throats. Mapping attributes like pore structure, surface area, pore size distribution (PSD) ,pore orientation , connectivity and pore volume regulated fluid flow through the pore network, which provides significant variations in the reservoir properties. Pores were analysed from the image processing of FE-SEM photomicrographs, which were used to estimate porosity and generate the topology map. This information was further used to visualize pore connectivity in a 3D pore network model. Pore characterization from N2 adsorption analysis helped infer the pore structure, pore volume, and PSD in the reservoir rocks. The studied samples have an excellent meso to macro pore network that is also supplemented by the derived pore network.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Sing, K.S.W., Everett, D.H., Haul, R.A. W., Moscou, L., Pierotti, R.A., Rouquerol, J. and Siemieniewska, T., Reporting physiosorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity. Pure Appl. Chem., 1985, 57, 603-619.
Kulia, U. And Prasad, M., Specific surface area and pore-size distribution in clays and shales.Geophys.Prospect, 2013, 61, 341-362.
Literature cited 2: Wandrey, C.J., Sylhet-Kopili/Brail-Tipam composite total petroleum systems, Assam Geologic Province, India.US Geol. Surv. Bull., 2004, 2208-D,1-19.
Alam, J., Chatterjee, R., and Dasgupta, S., Estimation of pore pressure, tectonic strain and stress magnitudes in the Upper Assam basin: a tectonically active part of India.Geophys.J.Int., 2019, 216, 659-675.
ID: 62801
Title: Fine root biomass differs significantly across different forest types and soil depth in Central Himalaya, India
Author: Harish Bahadur Chand, Ganesh Joshi, Roshan Prasad Bhatta, Sanjay Sanjay Singh, Abhishek Kumar, Nabin Raj Joshi and Ramesh Bohara
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (2) 194-201 (2022)
Subject: Fine root biomass differs significantly across different forest types and soil depth in Central Himalaya, India
Keywords: Forest types, global carbon budget, nutrient cycling, plant biomass, soil depth
Abstract: Fine roots (diameter less than 2 mm) comprise a significant of the plant biomass. They are important for water absorption, cycling of nutrients and the carbon budget on a global scale. The aim of the present study was to quantify fine root biomass in the Nainital district, Central Himalayas, India, which has several dominant forest types. A total of 81 samples were collected from nine sample plots for each forest type in three distinct directions. The results showed that sal forest (1.11 ± 0.04 t ha-1) had the largest fine root biomass, followed by oak forest ( 0.72± 0.06 t ha-1) and pine forest (o.6±0.06 t ha-1) .We observed that the trend in forest root biomass across different forest types was a s follows: Sal forest >oak forest>pine forest, significant at 0.05 level. Fine root biomass was also observed to decrease similarly with increasing soil depth in each forest type, following the trend: 0-20 cm>20-40 cm>40-60 cm, which was significant at 0.05 level. Researchers will benefit from this study since it will help them comprehend fine root biomass variation and offer baseline data for future research on nutrient cycling and the global carbon budget.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Sayer, E.J., Tanner, E.V.J., and Chessman, A.W., Increased litter-fall changes fine root distribution in a moist tropical forest.Plant Soil, 2006, 281, 5-13.
Vogt, K.A., Vogt., D.J., Palmiotto, P.A., Boon, P., Ohara, J., and Asbjornsen, H., Review of root dynamics in forest ecosystems grouped by climate, climatic forest type and species. Plant Soil., 1996, 187, 159-219.
Literature cited 2: Gill. A.R., and Jackson, B.R., Global patterns of root turnover for terrestrial ecosystems. New Phytol., 2000, 147, 13-31.
Vogt, K.A., Grier, C.C., and Vogt, D.J., Production, turnover, and nutrient dynamics of above-and belowground detritus of world forests. Adv. Ecol., Res., 1986, 15, 303-378.
ID: 62800
Title: Assessment of overburden dump and highwall slope stability for Jambad open cast coal mine, West Bengal, India, using in situ and laboratory testing
Author: Vishwas N.Khatri, Lohitkumar Nainegali, Rajib Sarkar and Sarat Kumar Das
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (2) 184-193 (2022)
Subject: Assessment of overburden dump and highwall slope stability for Jambad open cast coal mine, West Bengal, India, using in situ and laboratory testing
Keywords: Coal mine overburden, dump slope, high-wall, laboratory tests, surface waves
Abstract: In this Study, in situ multichannel analysis of surface waves was performed to characterize the overburden (OB) layers of Jambad open cast coal mine, West Bengal, India. OB dumb samples were also collected, and laboratory tests were carried out to evaluate the compaction and strength characteristics. Stability analyses of the OB dump slope and highwall were carried out using the finite element –based software Optum G2 considering the configurations suggested by the Eastern Coalfield Limited, India. The stability was also assessed for seismic loading conditions considering pseudostatic loading. This study concludes with recommendations for geometric configurations of the OB dump and highwall slope.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Rahul, K.M., Rai, R.and Shrivastava, B.K., Evlaution of dump slope stability of a coal mine using artificial neural network.Geomech.Geophys.Geo-Energ.Geo-TResour., 2015, 1, 69-77.
Sengupta,S. Sharma,S. and Roy,I., Investigation of shear strength parameters of highwall rock slopes and overburden dump mass in opencast coal mines.Int.J.Eng., Manage,Hum., Soc.Sci.Paradigms, 2014, 7(1), 1-6.
Literature cited 2: Nayak, P.K., Dash, And Dewangan, P., Design considerations for waste dumps in Indian opencast coal mines a critical appraisal. In Proceedings of the second International Conference on Opencast Mining Technology and Sustainability, NCL, Singrauli, M.P., 2020, pp.19-31.
DGMS, The Accident Investigations Report, Directorate General of Mines Safety, Dhanbad, 2016.
ID: 62799
Title: Al2O3-coated Fe3O4/grapheme/TiO2 hybrid nanocomposite mixture as anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Author: K.Sarvanakumar, J.Samson Issac and R.Rajesh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (2) 177-183 (2022)
Subject: Al2O3-coated Fe3O4/grapheme/TiO2 hybrid nanocomposite mixture as anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Keywords: Electric vehicles, graphite anode, hybrid nanocomposite, lithium-ion batteries, microwave-assisted hydrothermal process.
Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries are efficient energy storage devices in electric vehicles (EVs). Graphite is used in these batteries as an anode material because of its high stability and good conductivity. However, the need for stability, safety and reversibility is increasing rapidly in commercial EVs. In this study, a Fe3O4/TiO2/grapheme hybrid nanocomposite coated with Al2O3 has been developed using the microwave-assisted hydrothermal process with graphite as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries. This combination of nano-materials increases the stability of the anode, electrical conductivity and electrochemical performance. The Fe3O4/grapheme/TiO2 nanocomposite results in a reversible capacity of 920 m Ahg-1 after analyzing it in 160 cycles at a current density of 100 m Ahg-1. The nano-composite provides excellent long-term cycle stability of 650 m Ah g-1 after 160 cycles. This shows an ultra-high high-rate capability of 75 mAh g-1 at 150°C.The grapheme and Fe3O4 /grapheme /TiO2 hybrid nanocomposite mixture coated with Al2O3 exhibits good nonlinear cumulative effects, stability, high reversibility, and increased ultrahigh rate capability.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Zheng, M., Li, L. Gu, P., Lin, Z., Xue, H. and Pang, H., A glassy carbon electrode modified with ordered nanoporous CO3O4 for non-enzymatic sensing of glucose. Microchim. Acta, 2017, 184(3), 943-949.
Wang, X., Wei, X. And Dai, H., Estimation of state of health of lithium-ion batteries based on charge transfer resistance considering different temperature and state of charge. J, energy Storage, 2019, 21, 618-631.
Literature cited 2: Zhang, J. et al., MOF-derived transition metal oxide encapsulated in carbon layer as stable lithium-ion battery anodes. J. Alloys Compd, 2019, 797, 83-91.
Shen, L., Che, Q., Li, H. and Zhang, X., Mesoporous NiCO2O4 nanowire arrays grown on carbon textiles as binder-free flexible electrodes for energy storage. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2014, 24(18), 2630-2637.
ID: 62798
Title: A comprehensive analysis of health risk due to natural outdoor gamma radiation in southeast Haryana, India
Author: Sandeep Singh Duhan, Pradeep Khyalia and Jitender Singh Laura
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (2) 169-176 (2022)
Subject: A comprehensive analysis of health risk due to natural outdoor gamma radiation in southeast Haryana, India
Keywords: Annual effective dose, cancer risk, cosmic rays, Gamma radiation, heavy metals
Abstract: A systematic study of background radiation in southeast Haryana, India, i.e., the Jhajjar, Sonipat and Rohtak districts, was initiated to establish reliable baseline data on the background radiation level of eh region. Worldwide many areas have been found with high background gamma radiation, leading to several types of disorders in human beings. So, the present study was carried out as a precautionary step. There are two natural sources of ionizing radiation-cosmic and terrestrial. Isotopes of heavy elements and their decay products present in the Earth’s crust are the major sources of terrestrial radiation. A radiation survey meter was used for the analysis of gamma radiation. In total, 50 locations were chosen for the survey. Gamma radiations showed variation from 82 to 184 nSv/h, with the mean value of 131.64±5.56 nSv/h. An independent t-test at a significance level of 5% was applied for comparison. Annual effective dose and excess lifetime cancer risk were computed to determine the number of cancer tests due to outdoor radiation.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Sonkawade, R.G., Kant, K., Muralithatr,S., Kumar,R. and Ramola,R.C., Natural radioactivity in common building construction and radiation shielding materials. Atmosp.Environ.,2008, 42(9), 2254-2259.
Zakaly, H.M., Uosif, M.A., Madkour, H., Tammam, M., Issa,S., Elsaman, R., and El-Taher, A., Assessment of natural radionuclides and heavy metal concentrations in marine sediments in view of tourism activities in Hurghada City, Northern Res Sea,Egypt.J.Phys.Sci., 2019, 30 (3), 21-47.
Literature cited 2: Mahur,A.K., Kumar, R., Sonkawade, R.G., Sengupta, D. and Rajendra, P., Measurement of natural radioactivity and radon exhalation rate from rock samples of Jaduguda Uranium Mines and its radiological implications. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, 2008, 266, 1591-1597.
Pashazadesh, A.M., Aghajanai, M., Nabipour, I. And Assadi, M., Annual effective dose from environmental gamma radiation in Bushehr city. J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng., 2014, 12(1), 1-4.
ID: 62797
Title: Epigenetic changes in eusocial insects which affect age and longevity
Author: Srdana Dordievski, Tatjana V.Celie, Elvira L. Vukasinovic, Danijela Kojieand Jelena Purac.
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (2) 154-159 (2022)
Subject: Epigenetic changes in eusocial insects which affect age and longevity
Keywords: DNA Methylation, histone modification, in-vertebrates, non-coding RNA
Abstract: Ageing is a complex process common to all living organisms, influenced by different environmental and genetic factors which are difficult to understand. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone post translational modification and non-coding RNA affect ageing. Eusocial insects provide an ideal platform for analysing the impact of epigenetic changes on ageing due to their phenotypic plasticity. This study summarizes most of the data published so far on epigenetic changes during ageing in eusocial insects.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
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Literature cited 2: Kozeretska, I.A., Serga, S.V. Koliada, A.K.and Vasiserman, A.M. Eopigenetics of aging and longevity. Cell cycle, 2014, 13, 1063-1077.
Vaiserman, A.M., Lushchak, O.V., and Koliada, A.K., Epigenetics, A.M.of longevity in social insects.Epigenet.Aging Longev, 2018, 4, 271-289.