ID: 50497
Title: Discovering market oppertunities for future CDM projects in Asia based on biomass combined heat and power production and supply of district heating
Author: Rikke Lybcek
Editor: Gautam S. Dutt, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Year: 2008
Publisher: Energy for Sustainable Development, Volume XII No. 2 . June 2008, INTERNATIONAL ENERGY INITIATIVES,Bangalore
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: ENERGY
Keywords: Renewable energy, biomass, energy efficiency, combined heat and power, small and medium enterprises, district heating, Asia, Thyailand, Clean Development Mechanism.
Abstract: Highly-efficient and rewable energy technologies in Asia are required in the future, in order to supply the amounts of energy needed in the growing economics and to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Combined heat power (CHP) from biomass with supply of district heating (hot water) to households in Denmark makes the Danish energy sector one of the most efficient in the world. Efficient biomass-fuelled CHP technologies adopted in the North can be implemented in Asian countries with substantial environmental benefits. This article analysis opportunities for setting up such efficient energy supply systems in hot Asian countries, which lack heat demand in their households. The article identifies alternatives " heat markets" by exploring opportunities for efficient supply of district to the industrial sector. Through a case - study conducted in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Thailand, the article shows how this can be establish technically, and be financially supported in practice through the clean Development Mechanism (CDM). The article further analyses options for local manufacturing of CHP technologies, etc., in countries in the south (exemplified by Thailand, to support the implementation of biomass-based CHP with supply of district heating in the future energy supply of Asia.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50496
Title: Introducing a new method for optimal sizing of a hybrid (wind/PV/battery) system considering instantaneous wind speed variations.
Author: M. H. Zamani and G. H. Riahy
Editor: Gautam S. Dutt, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Year: 2008
Publisher: Energy for Sustainable Development, Volume XII No. 2 . June 2008, INTERNATIONAL ENERGY INITIATIVES,Bangalore
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: ENERGY
Keywords: energy pattern factor, hybrid system, power curve, variable speed wind turbine.
Abstract: In hybrid systems which include wind turbines, calculation of wind turbine power is based on average wind speed, because, because considering instantaneous wind speed makes the design of the hybrid system complex and practically impossible. In this paper a new method is presented to determine the optimum generation capacity and storage needed for a hybrid (wind/PV/battery) system, based on instantaneous wind speed variations. In this method, the power curve of the wind turbine is modified on the basis of wind speed variations. The modified power curve is obtained by considering the energy pattern factor of actual wind as an indicator of the wind dynamics and using a new factor called wind turbine controllability for performance evaluation of the wind turbines controllers in capturing extra energy. The hybrid system calculations will be based on this modified power curve. Results indicate that by using this method and designing hybrid systems based on wind dynamics, the power of different hybrid system components can be calculated more accurately and, while maintaining the system reliability, there will be significant reduction in the investment cost.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50495
Title: Analysing the suspension system of variable-geometry oval-trajectory (VGOT) Darrieus wind turbines
Author: F. L. Ponta and L. I. Lago
Editor: Gautam S. Dutt, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Year: 2008
Publisher: Energy for Sustainable Development, Volume XII No. 2 . June 2008, INTERNATIONAL ENERGY INITIATIVES,Bangalore
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: ENERGY
Keywords: Innovative concepts, vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs), Darrieus rotors, VGOT Darrieus.
Abstract: A new computational model for the analysis of the suspension system of an innovative concept in vertical-axis wind turbines is introduced. We used this model to study a new concept in extra-large wind-power plants: the VGOT (variable-geometry oval-trajectory) Darrieus wind turbines. In a traditional Darrieus turbine, the blades rotate around a central vertical axis. In the VGOT concept each blade slides over rails, mounted on a wagon by a reticulated structure supported by standard train bogies. The blade-wagon is subjected to fluctuating aerodynamic loads in the direction perpendicular to the rails. Thus, its suspension system should absorb not only the vertical oscillating loads due to the weight and the irregularities of the rails, but also the cross-rail oscillation induced by the fluctuating aerodynamics. We gave our dynamical model the capacity of dealing with these particular features of the VGOT design. Here, we show the numerical results of a test conducted on a typical VGOT configuration.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50494
Title: Water balance studies and strategies for combating water deficit in Upper Kolab catchment of Orissa.
Author: S. SUDHISHRI, A. DASS & N. K. PAIKARAY
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2007
Publisher: HYDROLOGY JOURNAL Volume 30, Number 3-4, July-December 2007,
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Watershed
Keywords: Upper kolab catchment; water balance; water deficit; strategies.
Abstract: Analysis of water balance for Upper kolab catchment was done according to Thornthwaite book keeping technique for six stations located within the catchment and for the entire catchment for the normal climatic year. On annual basis the catchment has a water need, rainfall, actual evapotranspiration, water surplus and water deficit of 1703.7 mm. 1479.82 mm, 1003.13 mm, 476.69 mm and 700.56 mm respectively. There is a water surplus from July to October and water deficit from November to May. The surplus months of June and part of July contribute to recharge the soil moisture deficit. The study shows the entire kharif season is deficit free and during rabi season the deficit amount is 455.88 mm. This deficit can be mitigated through low cost water harvesting structures, diversion of Jhola water, insitu moisture conservation measures coupled with suitable agronomic practices. Though on an average the whole catchment is under water deficit (700.56mm), the agro climatic situation of the region is slightly moist (MI= -13.14%).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50493
Title: Socio-economic implications of the Oussudu lake (Pondicherry, India)
Author: K. B. CHARI & S. A. ABBASI
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2007
Publisher: HYDROLOGY JOURNAL Volume 30, Number 3-4, July-December 2007,
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Watershed
Keywords: None
Abstract: Lake Oussudu, which is the largest wetland in the Union Territory of Pondicherry, is one of the most important bird sanctuaries in India. Apart from being an important water resource and a heritage site. Oussudu watershed also caters to the other needs of the people living around the lake: fishing, grazing of the domestic livestock, and harvesting of reeds. But this utilisation is now increasing rapidly with the increasing rapidly with the increase in demographic pressure in the lake watershed. It is now feared that if this trend is not checked, the hitherto sustainable utilisation of Oussudu may soon turn to exploitation and then over-exploitation . In this context, a socio economic study on Oussudu has been done to assess the human interaction with the lake and its likely implications.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50492
Title: A geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph model applied to the Chaukhutia watershed, India.
Author: ANIL KUMAR & DEVENDRA KUMAR
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2007
Publisher: HYDROLOGY JOURNAL Volume 30, Number 3-4, July-December 2007,
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Watershed
Keywords: Stream-order laws; GIUH; HIlly watershed; kinematic-wave theory.
Abstract: A geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph (GIUH) model has been applied to predict the direct runoff hydrograph from the Chukhutia watershed, a hilly sub-watershed of the Ramganga reservior catchment in Uttaranchal (India). Using the kinematic-wave theory and Horton ' s stream-order ratios, the travel times for the overland and stream-flows of the watershed were probabilistically determined to develop the GIUH. The performance of the GIUH model was evaluated by comparing the predicted and observed direct runoff hydrographs for eight storm events.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50491
Title: Evaluation of land denudation and Rivulets water quality in the Gomti Basin of Indian Central Himalaya-A case study
Author: B. K. JOSHI
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2007
Publisher: HYDROLOGY JOURNAL Volume 30, Number 1-2, March-June 2007,
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Watershed
Keywords: Water quality, Rivulet, Land use, Chemical denudation and Indian central Himalaya
Abstract: A study was conducted to estimate the rate of solid and dissolved mass denudation from six prominent landuse systems of Bhetagad micro watershed, Gomti basin of Indian Central Himalaya. An investigation was also conducted to assess the seasonal variation in water quality parameters such as TSS,TDS, pH,EC, DO, NO3 PO4 and E. Coli influenced by rainwater in the four sub-catchments of Gomti basin i.e., Bhetagad, Garur, Gomti and Ghanghali. The rate of land denudation for prominent landuse systems of the Bhetagad micro water was estimated during the period April 15, 2002 to August 31, 2002 ( 16 rain events), while water quality monitoring was done for four selected rivulents of the Gomati basin same events and period. The results revealed that rate of soil loss from prominent landuse systems influenced to the soil chemical constituents dynamics of the different land uses and simultaneously altering the water quality parameters of the all rivulets water. Results exhibits that the concentration of suspended solids, nitrate ion and phospahte ion were found higher compared to permissible limits as recomemded by WHO (1993). However the dissolved oxygen concentration was found less than permissible limits. Study indicated that the there was an urgent need for an appropriate surface water and land resources management plan in the study area.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50490
Title: Application of conceptual water balance model with limited hydrological data - A case study
Author: Y. R. SATYAJI RAO, VICTOR M. PONCE
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2007
Publisher: HYDROLOGY JOURNAL Volume 30, Number 1-2, March-June 2007,
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Watershed
Keywords: Baseflow: conceptual model; catchment; runoff; rainfall; water balance
Abstract: Response of a catchment can be modeled by various models ranging from empirical to continuous simulation. The conceptual catchment water balance model developed by Ponce and Shetty (1995) is applied to three different river basins having various climate settings and settings and sizes( medium to very large) to study the change in runoff coefficient. This application, provides information on hydrological processess/water balance components in the basin with the limited hydrological data Rainfall-runoff records of these basins were used to develop relations for (1) surfacerunoff (2)runoffcoefficient (3) base flow co-efficient (4) runoffgain and (5) base flow gain, all as a function of annual of annual precipitation. The calibrated model parameters(Lamda, Wp, Lamda u, Vp) and Pr/Pa Pu/P a ratios of these basins represent actual climatic settings of the repective basin, thus confirming the finding of Ponce and Shetty(1995). The computed average annual Base Flow Index (BFI) of Parana (South America), Baitrani (India) and Sarada (India) river basins during the base periods is found to be 0.641, 0.377 and 0.299 respectively. Further, runoff coefficientls verses annual Precipitation relations were developed for different subset time periods in each basin. A comparison of these relations shows distinct variations in runoff coefficients in the catchment. Finally, the model has been used to simulate surface runoff and base flow in Sarada river basin, in which there is no significant changes in runoff coefficient over a period a period of time.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50489
Title: Groundwater modelling for prediction of water table depth in Ramganga-Bahgul interbasin of Uttar Pradesh
Author: R. SARKAR, S. KUMAR, Y. KUMAR & H. C. SHARMA
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2007
Publisher: HYDROLOGY JOURNAL Volume 30, Number 1-2, March-June 2007,
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Watershed
Keywords: Groundwater modelling, coefficient of determination, performance index.
Abstract: Groundwater is being exploited indiscriminately to meet the ever increasing demand of water in different parts of the country. As a result severe problem of groundwater table declination has taken place causing threat to future availability of water, keeping it is view, the present study was undertaken in Ramganga-Bahgul interbasin of Uttar Pradesh to study the groundwater behaviour, stage of groundwater development, causes of water table decline and to develop groundwater modelds using multiple regression analysis for prediction water table depth in the study area. The groundwater inventry for the year 2002 indicated that out of 25 blocks in the study area. Only 5 blocks were under safe category, 6 blocks under semi critical category, 7 blocks under critical category and as many as 7 blocks under overexploited category. The proposed statistical model for the study area was based on regression analysis. Six multiple regression equations with different recharge parameters as independent variables and water table depth(Y) as dependent variable, were tested for their performance. The Coefficient of determination (R) and Performance Index (PI) for the best fit statistical model were found to be 0.9669 and 0.001873, repectively. The model could predict the water table depth of the study area with good accuracy.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50488
Title: Design of a rain water harvesting structure Case study in the foothills of Siwaliks
Author: B. CHAKRAVORTHY, S. KUMAR, N. G. PANDEY & P. MANI.
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2007
Publisher: HYDROLOGY JOURNAL Volume 30, Number 1-2, March-June 2007,
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Watershed
Keywords: rainwater harvesting, gulley, microclimate, soil loss, aquifer.
Abstract: A rainwater harvesting structure has been designed in the foothills of Siwalik. The region is dependent on rain for cultivation. The area is undulating and the aquifers are deep making canal and groundwater irrigation unfavourable. The average annual rainfall of the area is approximately 762 mm and occurs mostly during monsoon months. The sudden occurence of rainfall causes soil erosion and formation of gullies and most of the fertile land turns unfertile. If the excess water available during during monsoon is conserved, it will not only increase agricultural productivity but also prevent soil loss and help in modifying the microclimate of the area. The study conveys an approach to water resources management through rain water harvesting structure at Ballowal-Sounkhri village in Kandhi area. Hoshiarpur district of Punjab. The study infers that if the excess rain water is stored in the catchment and is conveyed through small channels to the field to the field as per the agricultural requirements in different seasons of the year, it will increase agricultural production in the area, reduce soil loss and groundwater recharge.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50487
Title: A Chance-constrained optimization model for design and operation of a reservoir: a case study.
Author: PRABEER KUMAR PARHI, S. K. JAIN, RANVIR SINGH
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2007
Publisher: HYDROLOGY JOURNAL Volume 30, Number 1-2, March-June 2007,
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Watershed
Keywords: chance-constrained optimization; reservoir design; reservoir operation.
Abstract: The available chance-constrained models for reservoir design and operation were modified and implications studied using the data of the Ramiala reservoir in the Brahmani basin in Orissa ( India). The constraints limited the permissible range of reservoir release and storage volumes, achieved with certain percentage of excedance of inflows to the reservoir. To solve the proposed chance constrained model, the linear decision rule was applied, for it makes the solution easy and reduces considerably the number of possible operating policies that can be considered. Finally, the size (capacity) of the reservoir was minimized: an operating policy meeting water supply (irrigation, hydropower, domestic and industrial), flood control, recreation, and environmental requirements by 2051 AD was developed; and, considering various possible sizes of the reservior, an economic feasibility analysis based on probability distribution of monthly inflows was studied. The optimum capacity of the reservior has been estimated as 162.40 MCM (against the existing capacity = 86.00 MCM) that meets all the considered demands by 2051 AD 90% of times.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50486
Title: Prediction of peak discharge for small watersheds.
Author: RAVEENDRA K. RAI & B. S. MATHUR
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2007
Publisher: HYDROLOGY JOURNAL Volume 30, Number 1-2, March-June 2007,
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Watershed
Keywords: Event-based; peak discharge; overland resistance; kinematic wave watershed.
Abstract: The accurate estimate of peak discharge rate is very important for design of drainage system of the watershed. Several studies suggest that the overland resistance coefficient has a vital role in simulating the peak discharge. The overland resistance coefficients for the watersheds were calibrated through the well accepted kinematic wave theory for overland and channel routing of excess rainfall. The present study incorporates the resistance coefficient in the development of peak discharge formula based on regression analysis of the observed data. The Phillip ' s two term model was used for computing the storm rainfall excess. The proposed event based peak discharge relationship has been arrived at by applying the concept on five watersheds and considering the data of twenty three storm events.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50485
Title: Decision support system for prioritization and watershed management
Author: ASHISH PANDEY, P. P. DABRAL, S. SAHA, & S. CHAKRABORTHY
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2007
Publisher: HYDROLOGY JOURNAL Volume 30, Number 1-2, March-June 2007,
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Watershed
Keywords: DSS, morphometric; prioritization; soil conservation; watershed.
Abstract: A Decision Support System (DSS) has been developed in Visual Basic, net (V B net) environment for the prioritization and development of integrated watershed management plan for Drinking river basin of Arunachal Pradesh, India using morphological parameters. Basic watershed parameters like perimeter, maximum length, stream length of each order, numbers of stream of each order values were used as inputs to the DSS. The sub-watersheds were classfied into five scales of priorty i.e., very high, high, medium, low and very low using the DSS. The DSS for integrated watershed management plan was also developed by using land use, soil type and slope informations of the sub-watershed area. It can also suggest suitable conservation structures fo a given set of soil type, land use, slope and catchment area. The developed DSS can help the end the users for watershed prioritization and to suggest various watershed management practices.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50484
Title: Role of landform and topography in the development of drainage networks
Author: DR. R. K. JAISWAL & DR . J. KRISHNAMURTHY
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2008
Publisher: HYDROLOGY JOURNAL Volume 30, Number 1-2, March-June 2007,
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Watershed
Keywords: Watershed; landforms; topography; morphometric analysis: groundwater.
Abstract: Landform and topography plays an important role in defining the hydrologic conditions of a watershed. The morphometric analysis of a watershed helps in understanding the hydrologic behaviour. Towards this, a study was carried out for two adjacent watersheds located in the part of shahdol district. Madhya Pradesh. Both the watersheds (named Gorma and Baghari) are constituted by sandstone but differ in landform, relief and soil types. Drainage maps have been prepared with the help of Survey of India (SOI) toposheet on 1:50:000 scale along with the satellite data. The quantitative morphometric analysis for linear and areal parameter has been carried out from drainage networks for both the watersheds. Based on the quantitative morphometric analysis, a comparative evaluation has been carried out to understand the relationship between drainage development, landform and relief. The study suggested that the ground water conditions would be better in the plain and lower relief watershed compared to hilly and higher relief watershed.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50483
Title: None
Author: None
Editor: Prof. S. P. Mukharjee
Year: 2008
Publisher: EVERYMAN ' S SCIENCE Vol. XLII No. 5 (Dec. 07 - Jan 08)
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: SCIENCE
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None