ID: 50632
Title: Toxicity of Parathion to a Freshwater Fish,Channa gachua (Ham.)
Author: Sanjay Kumar Raju, D.N.Sadhu and Md.Noor Alam
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 8, No.1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: parathion,toxicity,Channa gachua,LC50 .
Abstract: The present research work is oriented to find out toxic effects of an organophosphate insecticide,parathion on a freshwater fish,Channa gachua. By following standard procedures for toxicity determination, it was found that 34.0,33.0,32.0 and 31.0 ppm of the parathion formed 24h,48h,72h and 96 hours LC50 and LC100 doses were 21.0 and 35.0 ppm respectively showing toxic nature of the insecticide.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50631
Title: An Appraisal of the Groundwater Quality Status of Bangalore South District,Karnataka,India
Author: B.S.Shankar and N.Balasubramanya
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 8, No.1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Groundwater quality,borewells, open wells,Bangalore south district,standards for potability
Abstract: The study aims to appraise water quality status of some selected areas of Bangalore south district. This has been done by collecting 90 groundwater samples,30 samples from each of the three selected areas of Bangalore south and subjecting them to a comprehensive physico-chemical analysis and interpreting the results as per the criteria laid down by the Bureau of Indian Standards for potability. The study indicated that 64.44 % of the water samples tested from the entire study area are nonpotable due the presence in excess of nitrates,total hardness,total dissolved solids and chlorides.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50630
Title: New Record of Muricanthus kuesterianus (Tapparone-Canefri,1875) Family: Muricidae,from Palk Strait, Southeast Coast of India
Author: C.Stella and C.Raghunathan
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 8, No.1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: gastropoda,Muricidae,Muricanthus kuesterianus ,Chicoreus virgineus
Abstract: The present study reported the occurrence of Muricanthus kuesterianus in the Palk Strait region of southeast coast of India as a first hand record. The detailed description of this species has been given with the comparison of its close resembled species Chicoreus virgineus
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50629
Title: Allelopathic Effects of the plant Celosia argentea L.on seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Vigna mungo L.
Author: Archana Inamdar and A.B.Kamble
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 8, No.1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Allelopathic effects, Allelochemicals,Autotoxicity, Celosia argentea L,Vigna mungo L.
Abstract: Allelopathy generally refers to the inhibitory effects of plant species (the donor) on the germination,growth or development of another plant species (the recipient).Chemicals with allelopathic activity are present in different plant parts including leaves and fruits which have a potential as herbicides.The donor plants release allelochemicals into the environment through decomposition of plant residues,root exudates,leachates and volatilization.Accumulation of more allelochemicals from weeds in fields causes soil sickness and autotoxicity resulting in loss of crop yield.The present study has been conducted to examine the allelopathic effects of Celosia argentea L. on seed germination and seedling growth of Vigna mungo .
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50628
Title: Effect of Mercury Exposure on Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) seeds
Author: P.Umadevi, N.Kannikaparameswari,S.Selvi and S.Murugan
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 8, No.1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Vigna unguiculata,seed germination,seedling growth,mercury toxicity,antioxidant,metabolites
Abstract: Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) seeds were grown under controlled environment in solution of mercury at different concentrations.The eco-toxicity of mercury on the seed germination, early seedling growth,metabolite level,enzyme activities and the uptake of heavy metal content in the seeds were tested.It may be concluded that the inhibition of germination, rate of germination and growth of seeds of Vigna unguiculata in response to mercury demonstrated that they are suppressed not only the protrusion of radicle or delayed the germination but also retarded the growth.The seedling growth is more sensitive to heavy metal (Hg2+) in comparison to seed germination. Mercury treatment is potentially toxic to Vigna unguiculata root than shoot. Absorption depends on the ability of the root and may have an influence on systhesis of protein,carbohydrate,activity of enzyme and phenolic content,some of which can be enhanced, while others get inhibited. The sensitivity of Vigna unguiculata seeds in terms of biochemical changes and enzyme activities was remarkably noticeable. The results suggest that biochemical changes and enzyme activity in Vigna unguiculata plants is promising indicator of heavy metal toxicity.Vigna unguiculata assay should be further explored so that its value can be evaluated when more data are available.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50627
Title: Survey of Trace Metal Contaminants in Sediments of kabini River in the Nanjangud Industrial Area,Mysore District
Author: Azadeh Taghinia Hejabi and S.L.Belagali
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 8, No.1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Kabini river,sediments,heavy metals ,physico-chemical ,characteristics
Abstract: The Kabini river, a confluence of the Panamaram and Mananthavady rivers, originate from Wynad district of Kerala and flows into the Bay of Bengal. It is passing from the Nanjangud industrial area,which is known as a "toxic hot spot" due to the heavy loads of metals and organic compounds discharging from various industries,mostly settled down at bottom of the river. To determine metal content of the Kabini river sediments,five samples were collected along its main course. All the samples were analysed for six heavy metals (cd+2, cr+3,cu+2,pb+2 and Ni+2,Fe+3)and ten physico-chemical characteristics (pH,EC,water holding capacity,ca+2,Mg+2,Na+,K+,cl-,NH4+,% organic carbon).The highest levels of copper were detected in the industrial area point, while for chromium, it was in downstream site. The lowest amount of lead was determined in upstream locations , whereas nickel and iron were found in industrial area site. Total amounts of heavy metal contaminant,however,were below the maximum permissible limits.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50626
Title: A Study on Bhitarkanika Mangrove Forest: A Sensitive Fragile Ecosystem
Author: Ladshman Nayak, Durga Prasad Behera,Rupanita Mohapatra and Digambar Swain
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 8, No.1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Bhitarkanika Forest, mangroves , coastal wetland,hydrological parameters
Abstract: out of the 110 species of mangroves,identified on the globe,63 species are found in Bhitarkanika. The mangroves support marine life of 60 genera and 64 species of microfauna, 34 genera and 55 species of meiofauna,19 species of amphibians ,42 species of reptiles including the rare and endangered sea turtle,more than 200 species of birds,60 species of mammals and 6 species of marine mammals.Three hundred species of fishes and 229 species of crustaceans also inhabit this sanctuary. The wild animals such as leopard,cat,fishing cat, jungle cat,hyena,wild boar,spotted dear,sambar,porcupine,python,dolphin,king cobra ,salt water crocodiles,water monitor lizard,terrapins,common mongooses,indian field mouse and indian mole rat are living in this sanctuary. The water temperature of the sanctuary varied from 25oC to 32oC and air temperature from 28oC to 36oC. The pH value ranged from 6.98 to 8.7. Salinity fluctuated from 9ppt to 33.8ppt .The dissolved oxygen ranged from 2.325 mg/L to 7.250 mg/L,carbonate alkalinity from 25mg/L to 60 mg/L and bicarbonate alkalinity from 65 mg/L to 120 mg/L.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50625
Title: Study of Phytoplankton population from Water Resoures of Jotiba (Wadi-Ratnagiri), Maharastra
Author: S.B.Jadhav and N.S.Chavan (Mulik)
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 8, No.1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: water resources,phytoplankton,seasonal variation,phytoplankton diversity,phytoplankton abundance
Abstract: phytoplankton population from different water bodies of Jotiba (Wadi-Ratnagiri), Maharashtra was studied. Jotiba is a religious place famous by the name of Lord Jotiba. Reports on physico-chemical properties as well as phytoplankton diversity in these water bodies are lacking. Hence, in presence investigation an attempt has been made to provide the information on seasonal variation in phytoplankton species. The present study reports the dominance of group chlorophyta. The index values indicate the status of water resources with diversity. The phytoplankton diversity is mainly influenced by seasonal conditions, rituals and anthropogenic activities in Jotiba.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50624
Title: Effect of Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase in Erythrocytes of Catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis Bloch.) Exposed to Cadmium
Author: M.V.Radhakrishnan and S. Hemalatha
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 8, No.1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Heteropneustes fossilis,Erythrocytes,Superoxide Dismutase ,catalase,cadmium exposure
Abstract: Effect of sublethal concentration of cadmium chloride (12ppm; 10% of 96h LC50) in erythrocytes of catfish was studied for a period of 5,10,20 and 45 days.It was found that the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in red blood cels (RBC) significantly decreased after 5 and 10 days of cadmium exposure. However, the SOD activity increased after 20 and 45 days of cadmium treatment. Elevated activity of catalase (CAT) was found in erythrocytes of cadmium treated fish after 45 days.These results indicate oxidative stress and cell damage in the exposed fish.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50623
Title: Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Phoenix dactylifera Spathe on Pituitary-Gonad Hormones in Adult Male Rat
Author: M. Mokhtari
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 8, No.1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Phoenix dactylifera,spathe ,pituitary gonad,hormones,rat
Abstract: The chemical composition of Phoenix dactylifera spathe including proteins,fibres,moisture,reducing sugar, none-reducing sugar,three types of coumarin,organic compounds of camphor family,phytosterols and 1,2-dimethoxyl 4 methyl benzene. These chemical compounds have biological effects mainly antimitotic,estrogenic,anticancer,antidiabetic,antiobesity and antimutation. In the present paper effect of extract of Phoenix dactylifera spathe on spermatogenesis and concentrations of LH,FSH and testosterone and histological changes in testis of rat were studied. The concentration of testosterone showed a significant decrease to different dosage of extract 0.5,0.1(g/kg) in comparison to the control and sham groups. In addition, histological studies showed a significant effect caused by the extract such as decreased density of spermatozoa in seminiferous tubules and disorders in spermatogenesis. So body weight and testis showed significant decrease in experimental groups relative to control and sham groups. Serum levels of LH and FSH did not show a significant difference in experimental groups relative to control and sham groups.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50622
Title: Quantification,Characterization and Leachate Analysis of the Municipal Solid Waste From Erode Municipality,Tamilnadu,India
Author: N.Ramesh,T.Meenambal and K.Murugan
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 8, No.1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: municipal solid waste,Biomethanation,leachate,groundwater,biodegradable waste
Abstract: The present study deals with the sources,treatment and stratergies for future management of municipal solid waste (MSW) in class I city Erode, Tamilnadu,India,which includes collection,segregation,transportation,treatment and disposal. The study also analysed and reported the existing waste treatment methods,which revealed the necessity for improvement and based on that suggested a suitable technology to improve the system thereby minimizing the associated environmental damage.Ground water samples were collected in and around the solid waste dumping yard and analysed for their physico-chemical characteristics to ascertain the extent of groundwater pollution through leachate. The results revealed that concentration of most of the critical parameters ( like hardness,BOD,COD,zinc,iron etc) exceeded the permissible limits,which requires the improvement of currently employed solid waste management system. The existing solid waste management practices such an open dumping and vermicomposting techniques are not only inefficient but also inadequate enough to manage huge amount of wastes generated daily.Hence, integrated solid waste management system comprising biomethanation,sanitary landfill etc is adopted.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50621
Title: A Predictiojn Model for Soil Salinity Using its Indicators: A Case Study in Southern Iran
Author: Masoud Masoudi and Elham Asrari
Editor: prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, vol 8, No.1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: soil salinity,indicator,Regression models,statistical analysis, correlations
Abstract: South of the Zagros belt, the entire land of Southern Iran faces problems arising out of various types of land degradation of which soil salinity forms a major type. The Mond river basin,located centrally to this zone, has been selected as a test area to develop a statistical model for predicting the salinity of soil using different indicators of soil salinity. The soil salinity data were taken at 49 different samples in the study area. The data as indicators of soil salinity have been gathered from the records and reports published by the different departments of the Ministries of Agriculture,Defence and Energy of Iran. The GIS analysis of various indicators and salinity of soil samples considered proved useful for understandin their relationship in as statistical software. In the present study, the relations between the soil salinity and the indicators of soil salinity have been found statistically in the software of SPSS. To find a regression equation for soil salinity,max EC in 1m depth of soil has been considered as dependent varible while the indicators of soil salinity including soil texture, water table ,dry index,slope,index of efficiency of surface geology (ESG) andd groundwater quality are considered as independent variables. For this purpose, the regression equations for two methods of ' enter ' and ' stepwise ' in software of SPSS have been established. The linear regression equations define the variations of the soil salinity depending on the indicators and also give and idea about the levels of relations. The results obtained show that the relations between the soil salinity and the indicators especially groundwater data do exist.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50620
Title: Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Storm Water Flow Canal Under the Influence of Tides
Author: Ashwani Wanganeo, Anand Shanker, Tapan Saha and P.Ghosh
Editor: prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 8, No.1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Bidyadhari river,Tannery effluents,sediments,Trace metals ,High and low tides
Abstract: Present study,conducted during low tide (Feb 2007) and high tide (Apr 2007), revealed that the tannery effluents after mixing with the sewage canals near Karaidanga canges the water chemistry of storm weather flow canal culminating into Bidyadhari river to large extent with respect to conductivity, total alkalinity, total nitrogen and trace metals. The effect of dilution during high tide greatly reduces the concentration of these parameters downstream before mixing with Bidyadhari river.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50619
Title: A flexible geospatial sensor observation service for diverse sensor data based on web service
Author: Nengcheng Chen,Liping Di,Genong Yu,Min Min
Editor: George Vosselman
Year: 2009
Publisher: ISPRS Journal of PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
Keywords: Sensor web ,SOS, CSW, MySQL, EO-1
Abstract: Achieving a flexible and efficient geospatial Sensor Observation Service(SOS) is difficult ,given the diversity of sensor networks, the heterogeneity of sensor data storage and the differing requirements of users. This paper describes development of a service-oriented multi-purpose SOS framework.The goal is to create a single method of access to the data by integrating the sensor observation service with other Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) services-Catalogue Service for the Web (CSW),Transactional Web Feature Service(WFS-T) and Transactional Web Coverage Service (WCS-T). The framework includes an etensible sensor data adopter ,an OGC- compliant geospatial catalogue service,a WFS-Tand a WCS-T for the SOS and geospatial sensor client.The extensible sensor data adapter finds,stores and manages sensor data from live sensors, sensor models and simulation systems .Abstract factory design patterns are used during design and implementation. A sensor observation service compatible with the SWE is designed,following the OGC "core" and "transaction" specifications. It is implemented using Java servlet technology. It can easily deployed in any Java servlet container and automatically exposed for discovery using Web Service Description Language(WSDL). Interaction sequences between a Sensor web data consumer and an SOS,between a producer and an SOS and between an SOS and a CSW are described in detail. The framework has been successfully demonstrated in application scenarios for EO-1 observations,weather observations and water height gauge observations.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50618
Title: Mapping the understorey of deciduous woodland from leaf-on and leaf-off airborne LiDAR data: A case study in lowland Britain
Author: R.A.Hill, R.K.Broughton
Editor: George Vosselman
Year: 2009
Publisher: ISPRS Journal of PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
Keywords: LIDAR ,Laser scanning, Forestry, Model, Mapping
Abstract: This study examines the understorey information present in discrete-return LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data acquired for temperate deciduous woodland in mid summer (leaf-on) and in early spring when the understorey had mostly leafed out, but the overstorey had only just begun budburst (referred to here as leaf-off). The woodland is ancient, semi-natural broadleaf and has heterogeneous structure with a mostly closed canopy overstorey and a patchy understorey layer. In this study, the understorey was defined as suppressed tress and shrubs growing beneath an overstorey canopy. Forest mensuration data for the study site were examined to identify thresholds (taking the 95th percentile) for crown depth as a percentage of crown top height for the six overstorey tree species present. These data were used in association with a digital tree species map and leaf-on first return LiDAR data, to identify the possible depth of space available below the overstorey canopy in which an understorey layer could exist. The leaf-off last return LiDAR data were then examined to identify whether they contained information on where this space was occupied by suppressed trees or shrubs forming an understorey. Thus, understorey was mapped from the leaf-off last return data where the height was below the predicted crown depth. A height threshold of 1m was applied to separate the ground vegetation layer from the understorey. The derived understorey model formed a discontinuous layer covering 46.4 ha (or 31% of the study site), with anaverage height of 2.64 m and a 77% correspondence with field data on the presence/absence of suppressed trees and shrubs (kappa 0.53). Because the first return data in leaf-on and leaf-off conditions were very similar (differing by an average of just 0.87 m), it was also possible to map the understorey layer using leaf-off data alone.The resultant understorey model covered 39.4ha (or 26% of the study site) and had a 72% correspondence with field data on the presence/absence of suppressed trees and shrubs (kappa 0.45).This moderate reduction in the area of understorey mapped and associated accuracy came with a saving of half of all data aquisition and pre-processing costs. whilst the understorey modelling presented here undoubtedly benefited from the specific timing of LiDAR data acquisition and from ancillary data available for the study site, the conclusions have resonance beyond this case study. Given that the understorey and overstorey canopies in lowland broadleaf woodland can merge into one another, the modelling of understorey information from discrete-return LiDAR data must consider overstorey canopy characteristics and laser penetration through the overstorey. It is not adequate in such circumstances to apply simple height thresholds to LiDAR height frequency distributions,as this is unlikely to distinguish whether a return has backscattered from the lower parts of the overstorey canopy or from near the surface of the understorey canopy.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None