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ID: 50692
Title: Growth Responses of Lens esculenta Under Petroleum Contaminated Soil in Field and Pot Experiments
Author: Sharmila Upadhyaya, Shipra Shukla, Seema Bhadauria
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: contaminated soil, Refinery effluent, Hydrocarbons, Lens esculenta, peak-height ratio method
Abstract: The present investigation deals with the effect of different concentrations of refinery effluent on seed germination and seedling growth of Lens esculenta. The seeds were grown in pots and field and treated with various concentrations of refinery effluent. The plant showed positive effect on vegetation growth at lower concentration of the added refinery effluent, whereas higher concentration of refinery effluent showed gradual decrease in vegetative growth. The impact of petroleum refinery effluent irrigation on soil properties has been included in detail.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50691
Title: Effect of Cadmium on the Histology of Hepatopancreas and Foot of the Freshwater Mussel Lamellidens marginalis (Lam.)
Author: M. Venkata Chandrudu and K. Radhakrishnaiah
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Heavy metals, cadmium toxicity,Lamellidens marginalis, Hepatopancreas, Histology, Degenerative changes, cell necrosis, Nuclear pyknosis, Fibrillation
Abstract: Histopathological studies would help in evaluating the extent of damage caused to the tissues under stress. Hence, in the present study an attempt has been made to observe the structural changes in the hepatopancreas and foot of the mussel Lamellidens marginalis exposed to acute (11.0 mg/L) and subacute (1.10 mg/L) concentrations of cadmium. The changes are observed at day 1 and day 3 in acute concentration and day 10 and 30 in subacute concentration, one at short-term and the other at long-term exposure. In hepatopancreas enlargement of intertubular area, cell necrosis and the formation of sinuses and in foot loss of connective tissue, vacuolization, disarrayed fibres and nuclear pyknosis were seen on exposure to acute concentration of cadmium at day 1. Similar changes with mild degree of recovery were observed at day 3. In subacute concentration some degenerative changes like mild tubular atrophy and cell necrosis in hepatopancreas and fibrillation, intermuscular oedema and pyknotic nuclei in foot of mussel were observed at day 10, however, at day 30 the tissues appeared more or less similar to those of controls with insignificant changes.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50690
Title: Adsorption of Iron (II) from Aqueous Solution Using Ricinus communis Pericarp Carbon as an Adsorbent
Author: S. Madhavakrishnan, K. Manickavasagam, Y.Sameena, K.Selvam,K. Kairvelu and S. Pattabhi
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Adsoption of Iron, Ricinus communis, Activated carbon, Freundlich isotherm, Langmuir isotherm
Abstract: Activated carbon prepared from Ricinus communis pericarp (RCP) was used to remove Fe(II) ions from aqueous solution by adsorption technique under varying conditions of agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH and desorption. The effective pH was found to be 5+ 0.2 . Adsorption followed both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50689
Title: Performance Evaluation of Common Effluent Treatment Plant for Tanneries at Vaniyambadi, Vellore,Tamil Nadu
Author: V. Vinodhini and Nilanjana Das
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Common effluent treatment plant, Tannery waste, Biological treatment,BOD,COD
Abstract: The present study has been undertaken to evaluate performance efficiency of the Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) at Vaniyambadi, Vellore. Waste water samples were collected at four different stages of the treatment units and analysed for various physico-chemical parameters such as pH, temperature, turbidity, EC, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD and heavy metals. The values obtained for different parameters were compared with standard values given by National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) for waste water quality. The CEPT has been working with the norms of NEQS and Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB) and meeting the standard discharge limits.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50688
Title: Status of Groundwater Quality of Lalsot Urban Area in Dausa District,Rajasthan
Author: R.N.Prasad, Ram Chandra and K.K.Tiwari
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: heavy metals, copper, adsorption, Raw Rice Husk, Lanjmuir isotherm, Freundlich isotherm
Abstract: Management of groundwater resource is detemined by its accessibility and utility in terms of quantity and quality. The results of chemical analysis for pH,electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), total alkalinity (TA), calcium (Ca+2), magnesiun (Mg+2), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-),nitrate (NO3-), sulphate ( SO4-2) and fluoride (F+) of 18 water samples collected from Lalsot urban area in Dausa district are presented. Based on the results, certain parameters like sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and percent sodium (%Na) were also calculated. Statistical analyses have been carried out using chemical data to classify geo-chemical evaluatioh of the aquifer system based on the ionic constituents. Salinity and nitrate contamination are the two major problems in the area, which is alarming considering the use of this water for drinking. The major factors influencing the water quality are local geo-chemical formation, water-rock interaction, flow direction of groundwater and rainfall that control the overall mineralization.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50687
Title: Adsorption Removal of Copper from Aqueous Solution onto Raw Rice Husk: Kinetics and Isotherms
Author: R. Gandhimathi, S.T.Ramesh and E.Arun Praveeth
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.4, December, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: heavy metals, copper, adsorption, Raw Rice Husk, Lanjmuir isotherm, Freundlich isotherm
Abstract: The pollution of water with heavy metals has been of great concern due to their toxic nature and other adverse effects. All heavy metal ,including those required in small amount for the physiological machinery of living organisms, are extremely toxic at high concentrations. Therefor,heavy metal burden of industrial wastewaters need to be substantially reduced before discharging them into water bodies. Dissatisfaction with conventional methods of metal removal from wastwaters has led to a surge in efforts aimed at finding out suitable alternatives. This work presents the results of study on heavy metals removal from wastewater by adsorption using low cost adsorbents which could be used as an alternative approach to remove heavy metals from wastewater. A series of batch studies were conducted using raw rice husk (RRH) of paricle size 300-150 ?m mixed with synthetic heavy metal solutions to see the removal of copper metal.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50686
Title: Growth Response of Salmonella Species and E.coli to Different Metal Ions
Author: N.S.Kulkarni,D.D.Walke,R.R.Pachori and Shiva Aithal
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.4, December, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Metal ions, Indicator organisms,Enteric human pathogen, inhibitory effect
Abstract: Effect of different metal ions with their graded concentration on growth response of indicator organisms for faecal contamination and human pathogens of enteric fever was studied with individual and combined culture cultivation techniques. Both the test organisms were inhibited by almost all the metal ions analysed. However, it was surprisingly observed that the inhibitory effect by most of the metal ions was more significant against E.coli as compared to Salmonella species which indicated the possibility of confusion with respect to indicator organisms in monitoring the microbiological characteristics of water.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50685
Title: Short Term Experiments on Farm Survivility of Earthworms in Tea Garden Due to Effect of a Pesticide Liqnik
Author: Aliva Patnaik
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.4, December, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Liqnik, Soil Fauna, Diversity Index, Dominance Index
Abstract: Experiments were carried out to find out the impact of pesticide spraying on the tea garden and farm survivility of different species of earthworms. It was observed that there was 82.19% reduction in total earthworm density and about 67% reduction in earthworm biomass on application of the pesticide liqnik (nickel chloride) in tea garden.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50684
Title: Treatment of Grey Water By Modified Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC)
Author: S.Syed Enayathali and V.Gopalasamy
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.4, December, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: RBC, Rotating blades, Grey water,COD,BOD,microorganisms
Abstract: The laboratory model of Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC) used in grey water treatment was modified one, in respect of the reactor. The reactor had four blades each of size 350 mm x100 mm attached to a shaft at an angle of 900. The partially treated effluent from RBC was allowed to pass through three columns of filter connected in series. The experiments were run for two different filter media namely, granite, stone and coal separately. The experiment was conducted for different influent substrate concentrations and different speeds of rotating blades. Among the different speeds of rotational blades in treating grey water, the rotational speed of 3 rpm was found to yield better percent removal of COD,BOD,TSS,turbidity, E.coli, faecal coliforms and total coliforms than the rotational speeds of 4.5 and 6 rpm.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50683
Title: Studies on Metallic Salt Intoxication on Blood Parameters of Two Fishes, Channa gachua and
Author: Bijay Bhushan Prasad, M.K.Roy and A.P.Sinha
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.4, December, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Metallic salt intoxication, Channa gachua, Channa reba, Haematocrit value, Haemoglobin, Erythrocytes
Abstract: The value of haematocrit, haemoglobin and erythrocytes percentage of untreated Channa gachua in 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr of exposure were in the range of 42.38 to 42.79; 13.95 to 14.35; 3.14 to 3.52 and that of Channa reba, in the range of 42.63 to 43.75; 13.95 to 14.72 and 3.18 to 3.65 respectively. After treatment with two metallic salts i.e.,CuSO4 and K2 Cr2O7 in different concentrations at these exposures these parameters exhibited a range of 40.12 to 41.2 and 40.25 to 42.25 (haematocrit); 14.12 to 14.84 and 13.89 to 14.25 (haemoglobin) and 3.06 to 3.26 and 3.05 to 3.22 (erythrocytes) in case of C.gachua while the values were 41.85 to 42.00 and 41.25 to 42.87 (haematocrit); 14.12 to 14.65 and 14.01 to 14.65 (haemoglobin) and 3.10 to 3.55 and 3.12 to 3.62 (erythrocytes) respectively in case of C.reba.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50682
Title: Assessment of Physicochemical Characteristics of Liquid Effluent from Agro Oil Industry and its Applictions
Author: P.V.S.Machiraju, V. Srinivasa Rao and Y.L.N. Murthy
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.4, December, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Agro oil industry effluent,RSC, wastewater irrigation, Aquaculture
Abstract: The liquid effluent treated from agro oil industry has an alkaline pH and lower level of dissloved oxygen (DO), which affects the aerobic respiration of organisms and hence, not suitable for aquaculture application. Higher values of residual sodium carbonate (RSC), electrical conductivity, sulphate and total dissolved solids also suggest that the liquid effluent after treatment is also not suitable for irrigation purpose.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50681
Title: Study on Removal of Chromium (VI) From Aqueous Solution Using Sulphonated Black Rice Husk Ash and Sulphonated White Rice Husk Ash
Author: S. Santha Lakshmi, M.Gayathri and P.N. Sudha
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.4, December, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Chromium (VI), Adsorption, Rice husk ash, DPC method
Abstract: The removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution using sulphonated black rice husk ash (SBRHA) and sulphonated white rice husk ash (SWRHA) at various pH and adsorbent doses has been studied. The uptake percentage of Cr(VI) from the solution was determined spectrophotometrically by DPC method. It was found that the amount of Cr(VI) adsorbed increases significantly with decrease in pH from 5.0 to 1.0 for SWRHA and 5.0 to 2.0 for SBRHA. The Cr(VI) adsorption increased significantly with increasing dose of the adsorbent.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50680
Title: Studies on Physicochemicl Status of Two Ponds at Patna in Relation To Growth of Fishes
Author: S.K.Gupta, N.P.Tiwari and Md.Noor Alam
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.4, December, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Fish ponds,Physicochemical status,fish growth,correlation analysis
Abstract: Physicochemical characteristics of two ponds at Patna were studied for a period of one year in 2004-05. The investigation was focussed on the determination of water quality parameters such as temperature, pH, DO, alkalinity, nitrite, nitrate and other factors showing that the water quality of these ponds comply with suitability of growth of some fishes.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50679
Title: Ecological Status of Some Floodplain Lakes Within Jhelum River basin, Kashmir
Author: Adnan Abubakr and M.R.D. Kundangar
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.4, December, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Jhelum river basin, Floodplain lakes, biodiversity,Nutrient enrichment, plankton community, Macrophytes
Abstract: The paper analyses attribute of plankton communities and macrophytes along with environmental variables of five floodplain lakes within Jhelum River basin, during various seasons of the year 2005-2006. The Bacillariophyceae dominated Chlorophyceae and Cyanophyceae in all the lakes whereas zooplankton communities were predominated by rotifers except for the deepest lake Manasbal, where copepods were the dominant group. A close association of Ceratophyllum-Myriophyllum and less frequently with Nymphoides was observed in all the lakes. The waters of all the studied lakes were alkaline and well buffered. The high content of chloried is indicative of presence of organic matter while progressive increase in nitrogen and phosphorus in all the lakes could be attributed to anthropogenic pressure and sewage contamination. The chemical parameters in all the lakes are on higher side when compared to earlier records.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50678
Title: Lithological Studies and Types of Soils Along Coastal Area of Kanyakumari to Colachel Coastal Belt,South Tamil Nadu, India
Author: S. Bhagavathi Permal and P. Thamarai
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.4, December, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Lithological studies, Geological formations, types of soil, Coastal area,Kanyakumari, Colachel coastal belt
Abstract: Soil types of an area more important,since soil is the main criteria in agricultural production and in recharge of groundwater. Different types of soils are derived from a wide range of geological formations. Knowledge about type of soils, its extent and occurrence is of primary importance for agricultural planning to maximize production and for groundwater recharge. The soils of the district from Kanyakumari to Colachel coastal belt can be classified into red loams, red lateritic soil and pale reddish. They are derived from lateralization of gneisses. The soils derived from gneisses are mostly brownish. Thickness of soils in mountains is almost negligible, whereas in the valleys they are around 2m thick. The lateritic type of soil occurs in blocks of Rajakkamangalam. The mixed type of red and alluvial soil occurs in Agastheeswaram block. The coastal sand occurs in the western side of the district. The coastal alluvium sand is of high fertility. Generally, the soils are highly acidic in the coastal area. This is mainly due to heavy rainfall and heavy leaching of basic rock in hilly areas.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None