ID: 50782
Title: Antimicrobial Activity of Certain Aquatic Angiosperms against some Pathogenic Bacteria
Author: K. Vasu and M.A.Singaracharya
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Antimicrobials, Aquatic angiosperms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus
Abstract: Twenty aquatic plants dominant in this region were selected for their antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus. Among these plants the flowers of Nymphaea nouchali, Ipomea aquatica and Ludvegia parviflora were effective. The solvents methanol, ethanol were useful in extraction of antimicrobial compounds from the plant materials. The aqueous extracts of the plants not so effective while petroleum ether is failed to extract any antimicrobial compounds from the plants Aponogeton natans and Sagittaria guayanensis are the aquatic plants without any antimicrobial activity in any solvent extracts.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50781
Title: Diurnal Variation in some Physico-chemical Parametes in Post Monsoon, Season of Derla Tank, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
Author: J.V. Balkhande, B.D. Waghmare, A.N.Kulkarni and A.S. Kulkarni
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Diurnal, Physico-chemical parameter, Tank
Abstract: Diurnal variation in some physico-chemical parameters in aquatic environment are useful to find out the productivity and suitability for fish culture practices. The present research work on diurnal changes in physico-chemical parameters such as water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and free carbon dioxide was carried out in fresh water ' Derla Tank ' in Nanded District. The water temperature was recorded in the range of 26 to 28 o C. The pH values were recorded in the range of 7.4 to 8.2. The dissolved oxygen concentrations were recorded in the range of 5.6 mg/L to 10.4 mg/L and free carbon dioxide concentrations ranged between 0 to 2.0 mg/L. It is revealed that these physico-chemical parameters chang diurnally due to variation in water parameters, photosynthetic activity and others. In the present research work all the physico-chemical parameters were found in desirable range and are conducive for fish growth.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50780
Title: Comparative Studies to Determine the Effect of the Media Constituents for Acid Protease Production by Submerged Fermentation
Author: Neeraj Mishra and Lalit Kumar Singh
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Acid protease, Aspergillus awamori, Submerged fermentation
Abstract: Among wide variety of enzymes, the proteolytic enzymes i.e., protease account for 60% of the industrial enzymes market. This work is carried out to check the effect of various media constituents on the acid protease production by submerged fermentation. The effect of different carbon sources (glucose, sucrose, lactose and conbination of lactose and sucrose) on the proteolytic activity of acid protease produced by Aspergillus awamori MTCC 548 was studied. With glucose, high proteolytic activity and maximum sugar utilization have been observed. The various concentrations of glucose (0.5 to 3%) were examined and 1% concentration was found to be optimum, showing proteolytic activity of 0.11 U/mL with 79% sugar utilization. Among different nitrogen sources such as casein, skim mild powder and peanut meal.The 2% peanut meal was found better for enzyme production with increased proteolytic activity of 0.216 U/mL with 80% sugar utilization. The effect of additives such as Tween-80 and chemicals like CaCl 2 and skim mild powder on proteolytic activity was also studied and it was found that 0.05% Tween 80 was effective in the enzyme production with proteolytic activity of 0.227U/mL and maximum sugar utilization of 95%.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50779
Title: Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Studies on Wheat Bran Fortified with Fenthion
Author: Veena -Kumar- Adi and Karanth NGk
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Biosurfactant , Fenthion, Wheat bran , Scanning electron microscope
Abstract: In the present study a scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study of wheat bran used as a substrate during solid state fermentation (SSF) is carried out. While the wheat bran was fortified with as OP pesticide, fenthion and inoculated with Bacillus subtilis at the laboratory scale. This paper described the sequential disintegration of wheat bran while the organism produced biosurfactant.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50778
Title: Antibacterial activity of Punica granatum Linn. fruit rind extracts/ fractions on Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
Author: S.Rajan, S. Balakumar and T.Thirunalasundari
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Enteropathogens, Eschrichia coli, Punica granatum , Fruit rind, Antibacterial activity, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
Abstract: Antibacterial activity of Punica granatum fruit rind extracts & fractions were studied on Enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. Disc diffusion method (Bauer et al., 1966) was adapted to screen antibacterial activity and agar dilution method (NCCLS, 1993) was used to look for Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Antibacterial activity was observed in two extracts and various fractions. MIC of the hexane & water fraction were found to be 50 ?g/ml concentration and methanol, chloroform & benzene fractions were at 100 ?g/ml. Aqueous extracts taken with ethyl alcohol and water showed MIC at 200 ?g/ml concentrations.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50777
Title: Diversity of Alkalotolerant Fungal species in Pongamia glabra Vent. leaf litter samples of Guindy Reserve Forest, Tamil Nadu
Author: S.Muthukrishnan and K.P.Sanjayan
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Alkalotolerant , Litter fungus, Decomposition, Percentage frequency, Enzymes
Abstract: Leaf litter is a major habitat for fungal colonization wherein they play an important role in the degradation of cellulose. In recent years importance is given to our understanding of the diversity of alkalotolerant and alkalophilic fungi, since they have great scope for industrial application. Samples of Pongamia glabra Vent. leaf litters were collected from the Guindy reserve forest as a representative of a mesophilic habitat and alkalotolerent fungal species were isolated using the moist chamber and serial dilution techniques. Eight species of fungi were isolated through pure cultures technique and their alkalotolerance studied using pH ranging between 7 and 10. The frequency of occurrence of these species was calculated and growth characteristics studied in relation to the alkalinity and pH. The fungul species were tested for alkaline amylase, lipase, cellulase, chitinase and protease enzymes at pH 8 through plate assays. Penicillium citrinum is a promising alkalotolerent fungul species with good amylase, protease and cellulase activity at alkaline pH.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50776
Title: Study on Diesel Degradation By Acinetobacter sp and it ' s Effect on germination of Medicago sativa
Author: S.Shrivastava and M. Gupta
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Diesel, Acinetobacter, Degradation, Medicago sativa
Abstract: 10 diesel degrading isolates were obtained on serial enrichment of soils obtained from vicinity of three different petrol pumps in Nerul, Navi Mumbai. Of the 10 isolates, the best degrader was selected on the basis of growth in liquid and solid media supplemented with diesel as sole carbon source. The isolate, identified as Acinetobacter sp. was further studied in batch culture for its diesel biodegradation potential under aerobic conditions, and was observed for 7 days where loss in diesel constituents was up to 74%. Germination and growth of Medicago sativa was signigicantly enhanced in presence of the diesel degrading Acinetobacter isolate in soil contaminated with 3-10% diesel as compared to uninoculated soil indicating the bioremediation potential of the isolate.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50775
Title: A Study on the Efficiency of Electrolytes in the Stabilisation of Expansive Soil Subgrade
Author: Srinivas Manchikanti and G.V.R. Prasada Raju
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: soil stabilisation, Expansive soil subgrade
Abstract: Black Cotton soil also known as problematic soils, are basically susceptible to detrimental volumetric changes, with changes in moisture. The swelling properties or the expansive soil, depends on the type of clay mineral, crystal lattice structure, cation- exchange capacity, ability or water absorption, density and water content. All over the world, efforts have been made to device ways and means to solve the problems due to expansive soils. Many techniques have been tried to alleviate the problems posed by expansive soils, which have met with limited success and hence the attempts to device better techniques are still going on. In order to control the deterioration and distress of the pavements, there is a need for a systematic study, for understanding the behaviour of expansive soils.Chemical modification by adding lime and lime-pozzolana mixes has been practiced for the last two decades. However, due to low solubility (about 1.2 g/lit @ 20 o C) of lime and mixing problems involved , many researchers have reported that, CaCl 2 could be effective alternative to conventional lime treatment , due to its ready dissolvability in water and to supply adequate calcium ions, for exchange reactions. In this paper an attempt is made to study the efficacy of electrolytes on the properties of expansive clay. It is observed from the study that, the FeCl 3 -tested test track showed better performance when compared with that of the untreated track.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50774
Title: Effect of Different Salinity in Ablated Indian White Shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus (H.Milne Edwards) in Relation to Ammonia and Nitrite excretion
Author: M.D.Bindhuja, k. Revathi and C. Gopal
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Fenneropenaeus indicus, Ammonia, Salinity, Nitrite
Abstract: The Indian White shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus is widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific waters and it supports an active seasonal fishery along the south east coast of Tamilnadu. The effects of salinity on ammonia and nitrite excretion were investigated on the different stages of Fenneropenaeus indicus (H.Milne Edwards) at salinities of 20, 25 and 30 ppt Ammonia and nitrite excretion rates were inversely related with salinit;y and therefore were minimal at 30 ppt. The results of this study suggest that the optimum salinity for adult Fenneropenaeus indicus is 30 ppt and that even minor (e.g.,5ppt) deviation from this optimum causes significant physiological changes. Further the observed increases in ammonia and nitrite excretion during exposure to low salinities, which indicate higher energy expenditure and amino acid catabolism respectively, suggesting that the reproductive efficiency of Fenneropenaeus indicus adults might have been affected because of osmotic imbalance due to low salinity.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50773
Title: Diel Feeding Periodicity of the Intertidal Mudskipper, Periophthalmus barbarus (Gobiidae) in Imo River Estuary, Nigeria
Author: Mfon T.Udo, Imabonge E. Ekpo and Bassey E.Akpan
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Diel, Feeding periodicity, Crepuscular, P.barbarus, Imo estuary,Nigeria, Mudskipper
Abstract: Between March, 2004 and April, 2005 , diel feeding periodicity of the mudskipper, Periophthalmus barbarus was studied. A total of 734 specimens were examined. Out of this , 50 specimens (6.8%:size 5.3-12.9 cm TL) were collected at dawn; 425 (57.9%:3.6-15.6 cm TL) were caught during day; 100 (13.6% 5.0-14.3 cm TL) were obtained at dusk and 159 (12.7%: 5.0-14.0 cm TL) were taken in the night. There was marked diel difference in the proportions of some food objects (2 way ANOVA, P<0.05 ). While some of the food objects were not ingested at certain periods, a completer array of the major dietaries were eaten during the day. There was constancy in diel diets (S=58.9%). Diel variation in index of biotal dispersity was high (IBD=72.1%). Diel changes in diet diversity and equally common dietaries were highest and lowest during day and night respectively. The mudskipper is considered as crepuscular in feeding habit evidenced by the increased feeding intensity at dawn and dusk. Diel utilization of food resources overwhelmly revealed that the mudskipper is an omnivore. We conclude that, the two process, light and tide might have influenced the diel feeding periodivity of the mudskipper, in the estuary.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50772
Title: An Evidence of Pb Redistribution in the Different Soft Tissues of Telescopium telescopium Collected from a Pb- Contaminated Intertidal Site
Author: C.K.Yap and A.Noorhaidah
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Pb redistribution, Telescopium telescopium, Peninsular Malaysia
Abstract: The different soft tissues (foot , cephalic tentacles , mantle, gill, digestive caecum and remaining soft tissues) of the mud-flat snail Telescopium telescopium were determined in snails from 5 geographical sites in the south western intertidal area of Peninsular Malaysia. This work firstly intended to investigate the Pb distribution in the different soft tissues of intertidal snail T. telescopium and interestingly, it is also found that Pb redistribution was evidenced in digestive caecum in the polluted population collected from Kuala Sg. Ayam. The high Pb contamination and bioavailability of Pb indicated by the different soft tissue of T.telescopium from Kuala Sg. Ayam population was also complemented by the significantly (P<0.05) higher Pb level found in sediment samples. Therefore, Pb redistribution in the different soft tissues of T.telescopium be used as potential indicator of bioavailability and contamination of Pb in the tropical intertidal area.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50771
Title: Effect of Soil Ammendment with Organic Wastes on Soil Properties in Port Harcourt and Environs, Nigeria
Author: Tubonimi, J.K.Ideriah and Chika Igwe
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Organic wastes, soil, Incubation, Dummpsite, Biodegradable
Abstract: Topsoil samples (0-15cm) from parts of Port Harcourt were incubated for 56 days by treating the soil samples with inorganic fertilizer and organic wastes from five waste dumpsites under aerobic condition at 27 o C. The samples werer analyzed for pH, total nitrogen, organic matter, cargon/ nitrogen ratio and available phosphorus before and after incubation at intervals of 0, 14,28 and 56 days. The results showed that incubation and the different loading of organic wastes led to marked reduction in the organic matter and total nitrogen contents and significant increase in available phosphorus of organic wastes but had little effect on the ratio of carbon to total nitrogen. An ANOYA showed significant difference(p<0.005) between the organic matter, total nitrogen content and available phosphorus in organic materials at the beginning of the experiment (o-day) and at the end of the experinent (56 days). There was a general decrease in pH with time of incubation and a slight decrease in pH was observed with increase in organic waste application due to the presence of fungi. The process of nitrification and incorporation of inorganic fertilizer increased the pH from 5.9-7.9. Organic wastes were found to be richer in total nitrogen than most soils. The increased levels of soil parameters after incubation imply that it is necessary to compost degradable wastes for use as organic fertilizer by farmers.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50770
Title: Evaluation of Leaf Extract of Lantana camara against seed Mycoflora (Biopesticides Approach)
Author: R.M.Kadam, R.B.Allapure , R.G.Biradar and B.S.Jadhav
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.2, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Groundnut seeds, Seed mycoflora and Lantana camara
Abstract: The seed treatment with plant extract of Lantana camera does not have any adverse effect on the germination of seed even after the treatment for 30 minutes. So the seed treatment of plant extract will not cause any problem of pollution and the chemicals of plant extracts are easily degraded in the soil, so the plant extract of Lantana camara can be used as biopesticide.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50769
Title: Partial Purification, Characterization and Laundry applications of Protease from Bacillus sp.KCT1
Author: Saraswathy, Ramalingam, Sujana, Joy Christina and Rajasekaran
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.2, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Thermostable alkaline protease, Bacillus sp., Detergent, wash performance
Abstract: Thermostable extracellular protease producing bacterial strain was isolated from soil by skim milk zone clearing activity. Protease from Bacillus spp.KCT1 was partially purified and characterized. The optimum temperature and pH for the protease was found to be 55oC and pH of 10.5, respectively. The metal ions like Ca 2+,Mg 2+ and Al 3+ enhanced enzyme activity.The protease activity was completely inhibited by phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF). Compatibility study with commercial detergents showed that the enzyme was able to retain its 50% of initial activity after 1.5 hours of incubation in the detergent solution. The enzyme was found to be effective for the removal of blood and egg yolk stains in cotton cloth.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50768
Title: Evaluation of a Novel IGG-ELISA for Serodiagnosis of Leptospirosis using Recombinant LipL32 Antigen of L. interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae in Dogs
Author: M.Subathra, T.M.A.Senthilkumar, G.L.Ramya and P.Ramadass
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.2, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: rLipL32, IgG ELISA, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Diagnosis, Canine leptospirosis
Abstract: A simple IgG ELISA was developed to overcome some of the limitations of conventional microscopic agglutination test in the diagnosis of canine leptospirosis. Recombinant protein based IgG ELISA is suitable and safe procedure for screening of large number of sera which lacks non-specific moieties present in whole cell preparations. Among the total of 533 canine sera tested, the sensitivity and specificity of IgG ELISA relative to MAT were 92.38% and 81.6%. Results indicated that the assay can be easily performed and avoiks the risk of infection in laboratory workers, and it seems to be a practical and suitable tool for serodiagnosis of leptospirosis.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None