ID: 51367
Title: A Study of the Interactions of Ni-Exchanged Montmorillonite with Benzotriazole
Author: Sapietova M, Jona E, Snircova S, Lajdova L, Janik R and Mojumdar S.C
Editor: Dr.S.L.Gargh
Year: 2009
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment ,Vol. 13 (2) , June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Ni (II)-montmorillonite, benzotriazole, X-ray, diffraction analysis, IR-spectroscopy
Abstract: The mode of interaction of benzotriazole with Ni-exchanged montmorillonite was studied. Among the factors controlling the intercalation process. pH of saturated solution and the nature of exchangeable cation appeared to be the most influential. The extent and mechanism retention were determined using elemental analysis. XRD and IR spectroscopy, The obtained results indicated that a cation-exchange reaction proceeds (benzotria -zolium cation is intercalated) in the acid solution. In the neutral solution benzotriazole is coordinated to Ni2+ cations as neutral molecule and in the basic solution as benzotriazole anion.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51366
Title: Monitoring Nickel Uptake in Date Palms from Nickel-Contaminated Soil
Author: Williams J.R. and Pillay A.E.
Editor: Dr.S.L.Gargh
Year: 2009
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment ,Vol. 13 (2) , June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Accumulation, Alternate bearing, Date palm, ICP-AES, Indication, Nickel
Abstract: This study involved measurement of total nickel in dates and leaflets from date palms grown in soil containing appreciable levels of the transition metal. This contamination probably arose from debris and remnants from previous construction sites in and around the area. It was shown that toxicity of nickel in date palms is low, despite growth in arid soil containing above-average levels of this metal. The soil showed a mean nickel concentration of 91 ?g g-1 dry mass at a depth of 25-45 cm, a value higher than the Omani maximum permitted limit in soil of 75 ?g g-1 dry mass, the United Kingdom threshold of 70 ?g g-1 dry mass and the European Union limit of 30-75 ?g g-1 dry mass. At a soil depth of 2-22 cm, the nickel levels were even higher. Despite these relatively elevated nickel levels in the soil, concentrations of this element in date palm fruit and leaflets were within acceptable limits. In addition, the date palms appeared to show no ill effects. Consequently, it is feasible to grow date palms in soil containing appreciable levels of nickel. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the fruit growth stage (Kimri, Bisir and Rutab) affected nickel levels in the leaflets, but not in the fruit at the 95% confidence level. The same statistics revealed that the presence of nickel in the date palm fruit and leaflets had no direct connection with the alternate bearing effect. Furthermore, the date palm was found neither to accumulate nickel nor act as an indicator species for this metal. There was, however, some correlation between nickel levels in the soil and those in the dates and leaflets. More specifically, high nickel levels in the soil were found to be synonymous with relatively high concentrations in the leaflets. In contrast, low nickel levels in the soil were associated with relatively high concentrations in the fruit.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51365
Title: Environmental Health Risks due to Hormonally Active Chemicals
Author: Dalvie Mohammed Aqiel
Editor: Dr.S.L.Gargh
Year: 2009
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment ,Vol. 13 (2) , June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51364
Title: Attractive new technologies
Author: Nicole Weinhold
Editor: Hanne May
Year: 2009
Publisher: German Wind Energy Association ,No 2, April 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: new energy
Keywords: Syncronous generators
Abstract: Turbine makers presented their newest developments at the European Wind Energy Conference (EWEC) in Marseille, France. The trend is to synchronous generators with permanent magnets
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51363
Title: Alcohol diet
Author: Martin Bensmann
Editor: Hanne May
Year: 2009
Publisher: German Wind Energy Association ,No 3, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: new energy
Keywords: Ethanol, Germany
Abstract: Expansion of ethanol production capacity in Germany is sputtering out. Numerous plans for new plants have been shelved in the past two years as investors crave long-term stability.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51362
Title: Leading Spanish solar
Author: Reiner Wandler
Editor: Hanne May
Year: 2009
Publisher: German Wind Energy Association ,No 3, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: new energy
Keywords: Solar power plant, renewables
Abstract: Castile-La Mancha will be the first region in Spain to use only renewables to provide electricity-thanks in part to the large number of solar power plants in the country.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51361
Title: Turnkey on top
Author: Jurgen Heup
Editor: Hanne May
Year: 2009
Publisher: German Wind Energy Association ,No 3, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: new energy
Keywords: Solar power, Turnkey
Abstract: Abu Dhabi ' s investments in solar power are taking shape. Masdar PV, the desert state ' s solar division, has set up its first manufacturing plant in Ichtershausen in the German State of Thuringia. The turnkey plant is designed to be the first of many.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51360
Title: "We set the standards"
Author: Jurgen Heup
Editor: Hanne May
Year: 2009
Publisher: German Wind Energy Association ,No 3, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: new energy
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51359
Title: Keys to solar fab
Author: Jurgen Heup and Sascha Rentzing
Editor: Hanne May
Year: 2009
Publisher: German Wind Energy Association ,No 3, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: new energy
Keywords: Photovolt, Semiconductor firms
Abstract: Photovoltaics is attracting all kinds of companies: from semiconductor firms to SME auto component suppliers and wer chemistry specialists, it seems like everybody wants to get into the act. Many have one thing in common: they use turnkey photovoltaic production lines.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51358
Title: The good, the bad, and the tenacious
Author: Marcus Franken
Editor: Hanne May
Year: 2009
Publisher: German Wind Energy Association ,No 3, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: new energy
Keywords: wind economy
Abstract: Poland ' s wind economy has belied all of the high-flying forecasts, with projects entangled in bureaucracy- so far. Now, major players are taking over the market. A Japanese investor is making the first move-probably with Siemens.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51357
Title: Fata climate?
Author: Jan Oliver Lofken
Editor: Hanne May
Year: 2009
Publisher: German Wind Energy Association ,No 3, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: new energy
Keywords: Green metropolis, regenerative forms of energy
Abstract: Blessed with gigantic oil deposits, Abu Dhabi has the world ' s highest per capita consumption of energy. Now, a green metropolis is being built there, eventually to become a centre for regenerative forms of energy. Is this going to work? A report from the construction site.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51356
Title: A gigawatt in the waiting room
Author: Hanne May
Editor: Hanne May
Year: 2009
Publisher: German Wind Energy Association ,No 3, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: new energy
Keywords: Suntech, solar enterprises
Abstract: Even Suntech, China ' s biggest solar enterprise, is feeling the impact of the current crisis. The industry leader is taking a break, making new alliances, and getting ready for the next surge in growth.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51355
Title: Energetic about renewables
Author: Angelika Nikionok-Ehrlich
Editor: Hanne May
Year: 2009
Publisher: German Wind Energy Association ,No 3, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: new energy
Keywords: Mechtild Rothe, European Parliament, renewable energy
Abstract: After a quarter of a centuary, Mechtild Rothe is leaving her position as a representative in the European Parliament. It is in large part thanks to her that Europe now has objectives and directives for renewable energies.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51354
Title: Performance, achievements and emission control on diesel engine fumigated with methanol using microprocessor controlled fumigator
Author: C .Sundar Raj, S.Arul, S.Senthilvelan, C G Saravanan
Editor: P.K.Bhattacharya
Year: 2009
Publisher: TERI, Vol 8, No 1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: TERI Information Digest on Energy and Environment
Keywords: Alcohol, Non-petroleum fuels, cetane, methanol, ethanol
Abstract: Reducing the emissions and fuel consumption are no longer future goals. Instead, they are the demands of the day. Alcohols are examples of the most attractive alternative non-petroleum fuels used in internal combustion engines. Although there are a lot of studies on the use of alcohols in spark ignition engines, in the past, little attention has been given to the utilization of alcohols in diesel engines. This is due to the difficulties summarized below encountered while attempting to use alcohols in diesel engines, especially at high alcohol raitos.
? Alcohols do not mix with diesel fuel ; hence use of diesel-alcohol blends is not practical.
? Alcohols have extremely low cetane numbers, whereas diesel engines are known to prefer high cetane number fuels (above 45), which auto-ignite easily and give small ignition delays.
? Alcohols have very poor lubricating characteristics.
? The heating value of alcohol is less than that of diesel fuel. Therefore, more alcohol than diesel fuel is required by mass and volume.
Although replacing diesel fuel entirely by alcohols is very difficult, an increased interest has emerged for the use of alcohols, and particularly the lower alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, with different amount and different techniques in diesel engines as a dual fuel operation during recent years. Thesse techniques can be generally classified into three categories:
1. Alcohol-diesel fuel blend mixing fuels in the fuel tank, displacing up to 25% of diesel fuel demand.
2. Dual infection separate injection system for each fuel, displacing upto 90% of diesel fuel demand.
3. Alcohol fumigation the addition of alcohols to the intake air charge, displacing up to 50% of diesel fuel demand.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51353
Title: Biological pollution: an upcoming global threat
Author: Deeksha Dave
Editor: P.K.Bhattacharya
Year: 2009
Publisher: TERI, Vol 8, No 1, March 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: TERI Information Digest on Energy and Environment
Keywords: Biological pollution, Smart pollution, alien species, IAS
Abstract: An alarming type of pollution called biological pollution is spreading far and wide across the world. Exotic species of plants, bugs and animals are carried away across borders intentionally or accidentally and pose new dangers at new places. Environmentalists call it ' smart pollution ' , because new species can quickely evolve to dominate and sometimes destroy native plants and animals. Biological pollution is defined as the impact of alien species on ecological quality and includes the genetic alteration with population, the deterioration or modification of habitats, the spreading of pathogens and parasites, and competition with and replacement of native species. Biological pollutants are invasive, non-native plants, animals, insects, and other living organisms that decrease our quality of life and cost billions of dollars to control.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None