Study area
The Uttara Kannada district, formerly North Kanara (13°52" to 15°30"N and 74°05"
to 75°5"E), is located towards the centre of the Western Ghats. The district with 10,250 km²
of area is one of the most forested in South India with about 70% of the land under forest
cover, including forest plantations. Here, the Western Ghats seldom exceed 700 m in
altitude. The district is a maze of steep hills with narrow valleys. Tropical evergreen to
semi-evergreen forests form the natural climax vegetation in most parts of the district,
which receive 200 to 500cm of rainfall. The survey has been carried out in five localities of
Honnavar and Siddapur taluk (Figure 2).
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