Figure 10 gives the existing road network (Main Roads) in the region; the length between 2 signals on either side of the SEZ is approximately 1.88 km (Google Earth) the width of road is 15.5 m, 4 lanes and two ways. The capacity of urban roads is listed in table 3.
Table 3: Capacity of urban Roads as per IRC
| No. of Traffic Lanes and width |
Traffic Flow |
Capacity in PCU per hour for traffic condition |
| Roads with no frontage access, no standing vehicles, very little cross traffic |
Roads with frontage access, but no standing vehicle and high capacity intersections |
Roads with free frontage access, parked vehicles and heavy cross traffic |
| Two lane
7.0-7.5 m |
One way |
2400 |
1500 |
1200 |
| Two lane
7.0-7.5 m |
Two way |
1500 |
1200 |
750 |
| Three lane
10.5 m |
One way |
3600 |
2500 |
2000 |
| Four lane
14.0 – 15.5 m |
One way |
4800 |
3000 |
2400 |
| Four lane
14.0 – 15.5 m |
Two way |
4000 |
2500 |
2000 |
| 6 lane
21 m |
Two way |
6000 |
4200 |
3600 |
Source: S.K.Khanna&C.E.G.Justo, (2005). Highway Engineering, 8th Edition, Table 5.8,pp 185-211
Road maximum capacity: As per IRC (http://www.irc.org.in- Indian Road Congress) for a 4 lane road with traffic flow on both sides, for roads with no frontage access, no standing vehicles, very little cross traffic (intersection) capacity is 4000 PCU/hour (PCU- Passenger Car Unit). The capacity for Sarjapur road was estimated to be 3500 PCU/hour, on either side of the road, with average length of a PCU as 4m at an average speed of 45kmph and driver reaction time of 0.7 seconds.Along sarjapur road, during the highest peak hour traffic, the number of vehicles is approximately 2000 PCU’s/hour. With this the level of service (LOS) based on the ratio of observed to maximum capacity is
V/C = 2000/3500 = 0.571
For the ratio of 0.57, the current Level of service in under category “C” as per Table 4.
Figure 10: Bellandur Catchement Road Network
Table4: Category of Roads based on traffic and service
| V/C ratio |
LOS |
Performance |
| 0.0 – 0.2 |
A |
Excellent |
| 0.2 – 0.4 |
B |
Very Good |
| 0.4 – 0.6 |
C |
Average / Fair |
| 0.6 – 0.8 |
D |
Poor |
| 0.8 – 1.0 |
E |
Very Poor |
| 1.0 – 1.2 |
F |
Very Very Poor |
Source: IRC
The SEZ has a capacity of over 14000 Car units, in addition to this because of the Floating population that travel in their own mode of transit yields an additional vehicular population.
With added 14000 cars, assuming 8 hour of traffic in a day, the density of car units would increase by 1750 units per hour increasing the traffic to 3750PUC’s/hour. Then the V/C ratio is
V/C = (2000 + 1750) / 3500 = 1.07
The ratio of 1.07 is equivalent to an LOS category of “F” indicating very very poor traffic conditions indicating higher chances of traffic congestion. The current bottle necks along the Sarjapur Road is as depicted in figure 10(a) and likely bottleneck due to the addition of 14000+ vehicles, is depicted in figure 10(b). Traffic bottlenecks also have higher levels of pollutants such as particulate matter, CO2, NOX, SO2.
Figure 11: Traffic bottlenecks
