ID: 65436
Title: Evaluation Of Noise Pollution In The Classrooms Of The Physical Education And Sports Science College At The University of Samarra, Iraq
Author: Abbas Hadi Abbas
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (9) Sept. 21 page 1018-1026 2021.
Subject: Evaluation Of Noise Pollution In The Classrooms Of The Physical Education And Sports Science College At The University of Samarra, Iraq
Keywords: Equivalent noise, Signal to noise ratio, frequency of reverberation time
Abstract: In this research, noise pollution and its impact on vocal comfort and speech clarity were evaluated in several classrooms at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science at the University of Samarra, where the study has included three halls. The variables studied are the internal and external noise of the halls and the calculation of equivalent noise (Leq) and the ratio of the speaker to noise (signal to noise ratio (SNR)) and the frequency of reverberation time (RT). The study showed a noticeable increase in the internal noise that affects the acoustic comfort and the decrease in ratio of the speaker to the noise in the back seat areas. The frequency of the reverberation was found to fall within the required limits and a significant decrease was observed to dampen the external noise infiltrated into the classroom. A questionnaire was conducted for a random number of students of the college to indicate the noise assessment in the classrooms. Most of the answers were consistent with the results of the research and the few were somewhat different with the study.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: http://www.classroomheating.org/acoustics.htm.
Acoustical Surfaces, Inc. 2021. Reflected sound – Reverberation. Available at: www.acoustica-lsurfaces.com/acoustic/01/reverberation.htm.
Literature cited 2: Ibrahim, Z. H. and H.K. Richard. 2000. Noise pollution at school environment located in residential area. J. Kejuruteraan Awam. 12(2) :47-62.
Zannin, H.P.T. and A.M.C. Ferreira. 2009. Field measurement of acoustic quality in university
classroom. J. Scientific Ind. Res., 68(12):1053-1057.
ID: 65435
Title: Envisaging Variance Amid Indian Floras Owed To Contaminates Via SSIM Technique
Author: Shilpi Aggarwal, Madhulika Bhatia, Hari Mohan Pandey and Rosy Madaan
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (9) Sept. 21 page 1013-1018 2021.
Subject: Envisaging Variance Amid Indian Floras Owed To Contaminates Via SSIM Technique
Keywords: Structural similarity index methodology, Air quality index, Image processing, Pollution, Oxygen, Plants
Abstract: Earth’s atmosphere contains 20.9% of oxygen among all components (nitrogen, argon and other gases). But due to several factors, such as pollution, global warming, fuel burning, etc., the level of oxygen is degrading. Several researchers have reported that pollution is the main cause for degradation of oxygen levels. People are struggling with several health issues, like asthma, lung cancer and skin problems, like atopic dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis or acne, skin cancer, etc. Due to pollution plants are also getting affected in addition to human beings. Henceforth, numerous researches are in an improvement to overcome the existing challenges. In order to detect the changes in plants due to pollution the current research proposed a structural similarity index methodology (SSIM). All the samples (Ocimum tenuiflorum, Sansevieria trifasciata, Chlorophytum comosum, Azadirachta indica, aloe vera) were stipulated from the Indian species of plants that are rich in oxygen. The structural similarity index (SSIM) is calculated from the input sample images with the help of image processing by using MATLAB 2019a. Further, we have shown the effect on plants due to pollution by contrasting the structural similarity index (SSIM) value with the pollution index. This pollution index was measured from the air quality checker system situated near the target site at the time when the sample images were collected. Many analyses are done and the results were evaluated by plotting graph. This graph depicts that when structural similarity index value increases with respect to pollution index, the image quality of the sample decreases and vice versa.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: WHO. 2003. Health aspects of air pollution with particulate matter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide. Report on a WHO working group, Bonn. World Health Organization, Geneva.
Haralick, R.M. and K. Shanmugam. 1973. Textural features for image classification. IEEE Transactions Systems : Man Cybernetics. 6:610-621.
Literature cited 2: Stevovi, S. 2010. Environmental impact on morphological and anatomical structure of Tansy. African J. Biotech., 9(16):2413-2421.
Kadir, A., et al. 2013. Leaf classification using shape, colour and texture features. arXiv preprint arXiv 1401 4447-20.
ID: 65434
Title: A Study On Leachability And Removal Of Chromium From TCCL Site At Ranipet, Vellore District
Author: Vanitha Murugaiyan and Muthukumaran
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (9) Sept. 21 page 1004-1012 2021.
Subject: A Study On Leachability And Removal Of Chromium From TCCL Site At Ranipet, Vellore District
Keywords: COPR, Cr(VI) treatment, SnCl2, Na2S2O5, reduction and precipitation, sludge disposal
Abstract: The unscientific disposal of chromium ore processing residue (COPR) in Ranipet area, contaminate the groundwater in the vicinity. Due to the continuous leaching of Cr(VI) from the COPR, the removal of chromium from the groundwater alone is a challenging task. Though several works of literature have confirmed the presence of Cr(VI) in the vicinity, none of them has reported a technology for the removal of Cr(VI) from the contaminated groundwater in this site. This report highlights a recorded value of Cr(VI) as 2018 mg/L in the groundwater and soil contamination in the range of 18-26.2 mg/g within the site. The analysis of water samples collected within 3.0 km from downstream of the dumpsite has revealed the presence of Cr(VI) in the range of 0.053 to 2018 mg/L. Experiments have shown the result of 100% removal of Cr(VI) upon the usage of SnCl2 and Na2S2O5 from the groundwater containing 2000 mg/L of Cr(VI). The report suggests that no acid was required for the reduction of Cr(VI) on the usage of tin chloride and the dosage required for complete removal of Cr(VI) is compared with sodium metabisulphite. As the rate of removal of Cr(VI) is faster in the chemical treatment, the reduction and precipitation method is recommended for treating the contaminated groundwater at this site.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Pazand, A. and A. Hezarkhani. 2012. Investigation of hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in the Bukan basin, northwest of Iran. Appl. Water Sci., 309-315.
Konikow, L. and E. Kendy. 2005. Groundwater depletion : A global problem. Hydrogeol. J., 13:317-320.
Literature cited 2: CPCB. 2017. List of hazardous waste contaminated dumpsites in the country (as per the information received from SPCBs). Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi.
Kanchinadham, B. K., V. D. Lognathan and C. Kalyanaraman. 2012. A preliminery study on leachability of chromium from a contaminated site. Env. Progress Sustainable Energy. 32(4):1096-1100.
ID: 65433
Title: Growth And Physiological Responses Of Quinoa Plant In Saline-Sodic Soil With Humic Acid Under Drought Stress Conditions
Author: Iman Saberi, Alireza Astaraei and Hojat Emami
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (9) Sept. 21 page 989-996 2021.
Subject: Growth And Physiological Responses Of Quinoa Plant In Saline-Sodic Soil With Humic Acid Under Drought Stress Conditions
Keywords: Chlorophyll pigment, Carotenoids, Water deficient, Oxidative stress
Abstract: water deficient is one of most important issue in food security, especially arid and semiarid environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the humic acid application in combination with irrigation levels on quinoa growth parameters, chlorophyll pigment and physiological traits under saline- sodic soil. A field experiment, consisting Three levels of humic acid (HA) treatments as control, HA1 and HA2 (0, 0.5 and 1 mg HA/kg soil, respectively) and three drought stress treatments (50%, 75% and 100%) water field capacity (FC) in a randomized complete block design (factorial) with three replications, was carried out in Khorasan Razavi provinance, Iran, during the dry season of 2019. The results showed that water stress decreased the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids, but proline and protein contents increased with intensity of water deficient. Application of HA improved chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll and carotenoids in plant under three moisture levels. Proline and protein contents also increased with HA application. Plant height and total dry matter of quinoa increased in treatments with HA1 and HA2 application compared to control in all water stress during the growing season. The current study showed that HA were effective in alleviating drought stress and improving growth parameters.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Hinojosa, L., et al. 2018. Quinoa abiotic stress responses: A review. Plants. 7: 106.
Collins, M., et al. 2013. Long-term climate change: projections, commitments and irreversibility, in Climate change. pp 1029-1136.
Literature cited 2: UN, 2005. World population prospectus: The 2004 revision. UN Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations Secretariat, New York.
Dubois, O. 2011. The state of the world’s land and water resources for food and agriculture.
ID: 65432
Title: Adsorption Of Cefotaxime From Water Matrix By Using Hybrid Beads
Author: Aijaz Ahmad Mala, Joydeep Dutta and A.M. Raut
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (9) Sept. 21 page 997-1003 2021.
Subject: Adsorption Of Cefotaxime From Water Matrix By Using Hybrid Beads
Keywords: Cefotaxime, Adsorption, Beads, Isotherms, Kinetics
Abstract: Adsorbents (beads) were prepared using chitosan and plant waste materials. The batch adsorption was conducted to investigate the adsorption of cefotaxime from water matrix by using these prepared beads. The effect of different adsorption parameters, such as pH (3-11), initial concentration (10-50 mg/L), reaction time (30-180 min) and adsorbent dosage (0.1-1 gm/50 mL) were evaluated. Inverse relation was found between adsorption percentage and antibiotic concentration in water, whereas direct relation was observed between adsorption percentage and adsorbent dosage. Maximum adsorption was found at pH 5 with different combination of beads-AWC beads (50% almond shell: 25% walnut shell: 25% chitosan), CAW (50% chitosan: 25% almond shell: 25% walnut shell) and WAC beads (50% walnut shell: 25% almond shell: 25% chitosan). Langmuir adsorption isotherm is well befitting in case of WAC beads and Freundlich adsorption for CAW beads whereas, ACW beads follow both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The rate of adsorption on beads follows Lagergren pseudo second order kinetics. The results indicated that beads in all the combinations can be used as a low-cost effective adsorbent in the treatment of wastewater.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Gao, Y., et al. 2012. Adsorption and removal of tetracycline antibiotics from aqueous solution by graphene oxide. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 368(1):540-546.
Gothwall, R. and S. Thhatikkonda. 2015. Antibiotic pollution in the environment : A review. Clean Soil Air Water. 43(4):479-489.
Literature cited 2: Gao, J., et al. 2015. Azide-functionalized hollow silica nanospheres for removal of antibiotics. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 444:38-41.
Wang, N., et al. 2019. Highly efficient adsorption of flouroquinolone antibiotics using chitosan derived granular hydrogel with 3D structure. J. Molecular liquids. 281:307-314.
ID: 65431
Title: Production Of Plastic Degrading Enzymes From Organisms Isolated From Plastic Polluted Areas
Author: Yashaswini M. and Priya R. Iyer
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (9) Sept. 21 page 989-996 2021.
Subject: Production Of Plastic Degrading Enzymes From Organisms Isolated From Plastic Polluted Areas
Keywords: Polyethylenase, Plastic biodegradation, Polyethylene terephthalate, Microbial degradation, Esterase
Abstract: Plastics have been a huge nuisance to the world. In order to degrade the most widely used polyethylene terephthalate (PET), this research has been conducted. Organisms were isolated using minimal media along with shredded PET plastic provided as the sole carbon source. Eight individual colonies were isolated and were named PET1 to PET8. Organisms were identified by Gram staining and biochemical assays. Thin layer chromatography was performed along with standard to check the presence of terephthalic acid produced as a result of PET degradation. High pressure liquid chromatography was performed to confirm the production of terephthalic acid. A colourimetric assay was standardized using bromocresol green to quantitatively measure the terephthalic acid produced following the degradation of the plastic. Lowry’s method was performed to check the presence of protein. Since the enzyme is the only protein available in the media it is a confirmatory test used to check the presence of the enzyme. PETase theoretically being an esterase should utilize tributyrin as a substrate. Hence esterase activity was viewed by well diffusion method on tributyrin agar. A colourimetric assay was standardized using p-nitrophenyl acetate to analyze the amount of PETase produced by the organisms. The temperature, pH, shaking and static conditions were standardized and optimum characteristics for the production of the enzyme were determined. The highest producers were given for 16s rRNA sequencing. The weight of the plastic was determined before and after the degradation. The surface of the plastic was studied using scanning electron microscopy. The enzyme was purified and sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed. Plasmids were isolated and then transformation was carried out into E. coli DH5a. This analysis is the need of the hour and further the enzyme activity can be studied and the enzymes can be used to treat the plastic filled dump yards.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Scott, G. 1999. Polymers in modern life. In Polymers and the environment. The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK.
Sabir, I. 2004. Plastic industry in Pakistan. Available at :
www.jang.com.pk/thenews/investors/nov 2004/index.html.
Literature cited 2: Hayden, K. W., et al. 2013. Plastic degradation and its environmental implications with special reference to polyethylene terephthalate. Polymers. 5:1-18. doi:10.3390/polym5010001.
Karaduman, A., et al. 2002. Pyrolysis of polystyrene plastic wastes with some organic compounds for enhancing styrene yield. J. Energy Sources. 24:667-674.
ID: 65430
Title: Critical Analysis Of Electric Vehicle, Renewable Energy And Environment Policy With Particular Reference To India
Author: Anand Vijay Satpute and E. Vijay Kumar
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (9) Sept. 21 page 979-988 2021.
Subject: Critical Analysis Of Electric Vehicle, Renewable Energy And Environment Policy With Particular Reference To India
Keywords: Energy, Pollution, Environment, Carbon emission, charging, combustion, National measures, Policies, Strategies
Abstract: Energy is need of the hour and its demand is increasing day by day in the world. Emerging economies are demanding more energy for both industrial and financial growth. India with its ever-increasing population and rising electricity demand needs to address this. India’s automotive market is fourth-largest in the world. Rise in alertness about protecting our environment and the support for the cause by all major economies of the world through the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the status of renewable energy has grown since it is free, clean and the most viable energy resource. As per extensive literature review, India is reported and having an enormous perspective as a superpower in terms of solar and wind energy. This paper analyses the role of government initiatives for switching from age-old petrol and diesel vehicles to electric vehicles, growth of sustainable energy and its impact on the environment. Developing countries and economics are demanding more power, putting an extra burden on fossil-based power plants to meet instant energy demand, thus increasing carbon emission.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: GoI. 2019. Energy statistics (26th issue). Central Statistics Office, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.
GoI. 2018. Energy statistics (25th issue). Central Statistics Office, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.
Literature cited 2: GoI. 2013. National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020. Department of Heavy Industry Government of India. Available at : www.dhi.nic.in/writere-addata/content/NEMMP 2020.pdf.
Lakshmi, C.S., et al. 2014. Establishing a national in-use vehicle testing programme in India. Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation.
ID: 65429
Title: Removal Of Cutting Oil From Wastewater Through Novel Adsorbents Developed From Waste Coconut Fibres
Author: Pooja Kakde and Ajay R. Tembhurkar
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (9) Sept. 21 page 972-978 2021.
Subject: Removal Of Cutting Oil From Wastewater Through Novel Adsorbents Developed From Waste Coconut Fibres
Keywords: oily wastewater, Adsorbents, adsorption equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamics
Abstract: Oil contained wastewater discharged into the environment poses a serious threat. Removal of oil from wastewater is difficult mostly when the oil is present in a stable oil-in-water emulsion. Adsorption has emerged as a cost-effective technique due to the recent trend of developing adsorbents from agro-waste. This research focuses on developing novel adsorbents from waste coconut fibre in untreated raw coconut fibre (UCF), acid-alkali treated coconut fibre (ACF) and carbonized coconut fibre (CCF) form and comparatively evaluate the impact on oil adsorption capacity on these adsorbents developed through chemical and thermal treatment. Batch experiments were conducted to understand the influence of important operation parameter, namely pH (2-10), time of contact (10-150 min), adsorbent dose (0.5-7.5 g/L) and initial oil concentration (100-2000 mg/L). On comparison of equilibrium study, it revealed that thermo-chemically treated fibres (CCF) have higher adsorption capacity (16.22 mg/g) than chemically treated (8.81 mg/g) and raw coconut fibres (6.82 mg/g) and the present adsorption process fits Freundlich isotherm. The kinetic study indicates that it follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model for UCF, ACF and CCF. Thermodynamically the process is endothermic and enthalpy value for CCF is 38.11 KJ/mol, ACF is 17.73 KJ/mol and UCF is 15.5 KJ/mol.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Liu, J., et al. 2018. Superhydrohobic coating on quartz sand filter media for oily wastewater filtration. Colloids Surf. A. Phy. Eng. Aspects. 553:509-514.
Belka-cema, M., et al. 1995. New results in metal working wastewater treatment using membrane technology. J. Membr. Sci., 106(31):195-205.
Literature cited 2: Hilal, N., et al. 2004. The use of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes in the treatment of metal-working fluids. Desalination. 167:227-238.
Rios, G., C. Pazos and J.C. Prados. 1998. Destabilization of cutting oil emulsions using inorganic salts as coagulants. Colloids Surf. A., 138(2):383-389.
ID: 65428
Title: Pan Evaporation Modelling With Artificial Neural Network And Multivariate Non-Linear Regression Compared To Empirical Methods Under An Arid Environment
Author: Azel Almutairi and Mohammad Alshawaf
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (9) September. 21 page 963-971 2021.
Subject: Pan Evaporation Modelling With Artificial Neural Network And Multivariate Non-Linear Regression Compared To Empirical Methods Under An Arid Environment
Keywords: pan evaporation, artificial neural network, climate change, environmental modelling, water resour-ces
Abstract: Evaporation, as a key process in the earth’s ecosystems, is a key factor in water resources and hydrometeorological research. Avoiding the expensive evaporation prediction methods, the pan evaporation technique is one of the most widely used and accepted methods. In this study, a multilayer neural network tool (ANN) and a multivariate non-linear regression technique (MNLR) are utilized to estimate the daily and monthly pan evaporation in the arid environment of Kuwait. Estimation results are compared to two empirical methods, the Cuenca and Christiansen models, employing the so-called combination method FAO-56 PM for the same raw data and input variables, daily average air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and solar radiation. Cross-validation, 10-folds for the daily time scale and 5-folds for the monthly time scale, procedures are implemented to examine the model’s reliability and consistency. Evaluation metrics, like RMSE, R, MAE and NSE are applied to assess model performance. In general, it is demonstrated that the ANN model outperforms the MNLR model, however, the standard deviation among the cross-validated k-folds of the MNLR is lower than that of the ANN model. The monthly performance outperformed the daily output by achieving better statistical indicators with R=0.9084, 0.9092, 0.8961 and 0.9002 than the daily ANN, monthly ANN, daily MNLR and monthly MNLR models, respectively.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Warren, M. S., P. Walter. 1943. A logical calculus of the ideas immanent in nervous activity. Bull. Math. Biophys., 5:115-133.
Rosenblatt, F. 1958. The perceptron: A probabilistic model for information storage and organization in the brain. Psychol. Rev., 65: 386-408.
Literature cited 2: Yi, J. and V. R. Prybutok. 1996. A neural network model forecasting for prediction of daily maximum ozone concentration in an industrialized urban area. Env. Poll., 92: 349-357.
Han, H. and P. Felker. 1997. Estimation of daily soil water evaporation using an artificial neural network. J. Arid Env., 37(2): 251-260
ID: 65427
Title: A Review On Fluoride Concentration In Groundwater From Industrial Cluster – Hard Rock Aquifers Of Tiruppur Taluk
Author: S. Pichaiah
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (8) August. 21 page 953-960 2021.
Subject: A Review On Fluoride Concentration In Groundwater From Industrial Cluster – Hard Rock Aquifers Of Tiruppur Taluk
Keywords: Fluorides, Hard rock, Spatial distribution, Correlation, Tiruppur taluk, Tamil Nadu
Abstract: The intent of the present study is to comprehend the geochemical processes of fluorides in groundwater from Tiruppur taluk of Tiruppur district, Tamil Nadu, India. Geologically, the region has base rocks of Archaean group of charnockite, hornblende biotite gneiss, pink granite, anorthosite and amphibolites. Outstanding fluorides (F–) in groundwater were observed in semi-arid of hard rock areas. This study result posits the groundwater is characterized by sodium (Na+): bicarbonate (HCO3–) facies. The fluorides of study environ vary from 0.12-2.34 mg/L with an average of 1.2 mg/L. Since the total samples collected 30% of fluoride indicates fluoride concentration surpasses the maximum allowable limit of 1.5 mg/L. This study suggests spatial variation noticed in fluoride substance emerge due to fluoride bearing minerals, grade of weathering of rocks, contact interval of aquifer material with water and the related geochemical process. A correlation attempted has been made between the fluoride concentrations with water type, the relationship of fluoride with HCO3–, fluoride with Na+ and pH (parts of hydrogen) were studied and proves that HCO3– has a better correlation with fluoride than the other parameters. The weathering of rocks causes the release of Na+ and HCO3– ions, which controls the water chemistry by strong acid by intensive ion exchange. Hence this correlation reveals Na+, Cl– (chloride) and Mg2+ (magnesium) ions play a vital role in controlling water chemistry of this area.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Leung, D.C.W. and S.E. Hrudey. 1985. Removal of fluorides from water supplies. Alberta Environment Standards and Approval Divisions. pp 107.
UNICEF. 2008. UNICEF handbook on water quality. United Nations Children’s Fund, New York.
Literature cited 2: Ando, M., et al. 2001. Health effects of the fluoride pollutions caused by coal burning. Sci. Total Env., 271(1-3):107-116.
Teotia, S. P. and M. Teotia. 1984. Endemic fluorosis in India: A challenging national health problem. J. Assoc. Physicians India. 32:347-352.
ID: 65426
Title: Use Of Regression Model For Water Parameter Prediction Of Godwar Region
Author: Sangeeta Parihar, Raina Jadhav, Tarun Gehlot and Krishan Kumar Saini
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (8) August. 21 page 948-952 2021.
Subject: Use Of Regression Model For Water Parameter Prediction Of Godwar Region
Keywords: Biological oxygen demand, Dissolved oxygen, Chemical oxygen demand, pH, Total dissolved solids, Temperature, Linear regression, Multivariate linear regression model
Abstract: Water samples were collected from 20 stations of the Godwar region where human and animal activities were elevated. Multiple samples were analyzed for dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, total dissolved solids (TDS) and temperature (Temp.). The total data points were used to ascertain relationships between the parameters and data were also subjected to statistical analysis. First, a linear regression model was established between DO/BOD, COD/DO, BOD/COD, COD/pH, BOD/pH and DO/pH. A high to moderate correlation coefficient was observed as R2 ranged from 0.889 to 0.034 for these parameters. Then a multivariate linear regression model was setup for BOD and COD as dependent variables and DO, Temp., TDS and pH as four independent variables. The performance of the multivariate linear regression model was justified with statistical variables like average square root error (ASRE) and universal efficiency (UE). The predicted value of BOD and COD by model and regression analysis was in close agreement with their respective measured value. It was found that the pH parameter has more effect on BOD and COD as compared to predicting another parameter. ASRE was 37.8 mg/L for BOD prediction and 79.6 mg/L for COD prediction in a multivariate linear regression model.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Hur, J., et al. 2010. Estimation of biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand for combined sewer systems using synchronous fluorescence spectra. Sensors. 10(4): 2460.
Verma, A.K. and T.N. Singh. 2013. Prediction of water quality from simple field parameters. Env. Earth Sci., 69(3): 821-829.
Literature cited 2: El-Korashey. 2009. Using regression analysis to estimate water quality constituents in Bahr El Baqar drain. J. Appl. Sci. Res., 5(8): 1067-1076.
Elmolla, E.S., et al. 2010. The uses of artificial neural network (ANN) for modelling of COD removal from antibiotic aqueous solution by the Fenton process. 179: 127-134.
ID: 65425
Title: A Quality Assessment Of The Drinking Water Supplied By Water Treatment Plant Of Tikrit University
Author: M.T. Hammood, A.H. Hussein and A.M. Ahmed
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (8) August. 21 page 941-947 2021.
Subject: A Quality Assessment Of The Drinking Water Supplied By Water Treatment Plant Of Tikrit University
Keywords: Evaluate, Supply network, Drinking water, Turbidity, Residual chlorine
Abstract: This paper was conducted to evaluate the quality of the drinking water supplied by the Tikrit University water station plant. The study was conducted in March 2019. Several physical and chemical characteristics were used for the assessment purpose. These characteristics included temperature, electrical conductivity, residual chlorine, turbidity, total precipitation, magnesium, calcium, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS) and total solids (TS). The obtained results were compared to Iraqi Standard for Drinking Water (no. 417, 2001), which showed an increase in the values of variables, especially turbidity (192 NTU) and residual chlorine. As for chlorine, it (33%) was higher than the allowed limits. The total hardness value within the allowed maximum limit ranged from 309-360 mg/L. TDS, TSS and TS were within the allowed limits. Magnesium values were within the limits. 90% of the calcium was within the normal range.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Obaid, A.J. 2011. Residual chlorine concentrations in Tikrit University water network, College of Engineering, Tikrit University. Iraqi J. Civil Eng., 7(1): 18-29.
Gara, T., et al. 2018. Health safety of drinking water supplied in Africa: A closer look using applicable water-quality standards as a measure. Exposure Health. 10(2): 117-128.
Literature cited 2: ICMSQC. 2001. Iraqi specifications for drinking water (IQS/417/2001). The Iraqi Council of Ministers for Standardization and Quality Control of the Republic of Iraq.
Kumari, M., S.K. Gupta and B.K. Mishra. 2015. Multi-exposure cancer and non-cancer risk assessment of trihalomethanes in drinking water supplies- A case study of eastern region of India. Ecotoxicol. Env. Safety. 113: 433-438.
ID: 65424
Title: Refurbishing Strategies For Fractious Nutrients Addition In A Tropical Freshwater Lake
Author: Saravanaraja Muthusamy, Aruna Devi Subramanium and Nagarajan Karuppana Gr.
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (8) August. 21 page 931-940 2021.
Subject: Refurbishing Strategies For Fractious Nutrients Addition In A Tropical Freshwater Lake
Keywords: Nutrient additions, Vellode lake, Sediment, Bird density
Abstract: A multiplicity of floral and faunal species is an inimitable feature of tropical freshwater lakes. Preservation of the tropical lakes by an understanding of the process is a conservation action for numerous biotic species. Various studies reported that the accumulation of nutrients has been considered as a foremost menace of the inimitable tropical lakes due to bottom sediment and dominant biotic groups. However, the course of action is not clearly established. The study was conducted at Vellode lake, Erode district, that lies between 1108’04.04″ N and 77037’52.42″ E, South India. Characterization of water and sediment analysis was conducted to measure the seasonal changes and variations. The bird populations were surveyed with the assistance of field guides and lake managers. The correlation between the chemical features of the lake sediment and water was calculated. Correlation analysis between biodiversity indices of bird populations (independent) and water quality index (dependent) was calculated to find the impact of bird populations on the water quality of the lake. Role of bottom sediment on the hydrology of the lake, impact of bird droppings on hydrology and seasonal influence on the nutrient additions was tinted. Current research revealed that the high volume of bottom sediment and density of aquatic birds were identified as the major factors for the depletion of water eminence. Based on the annotations appropriate strategies are recommended to manage base sediment by engineering, chemical and physical methods and cultural techniques for other components responsible for the deterioration of the tropical lake quality.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Subramanian, K. A. 2006. Biodiversity and conservation of riverine ecosystems of India. Salim Ali Centre Ornithol. Nat. History. 2(1).
Mainstone, C. P. and W. Parr. 2002. Phosphorus in river-ecology and management. Sci. Total Env., 282-283(1-3): 25-47.
Literature cited 2: Pinguet, Y., et al. 2011. Indirect facilitation promotes macrophytes survival and growth in freshwater ecosystems threatened by eutrophication. J. Ecol., 10: 1931-1940.
Vollenweider, R. A. 1968. Scientific fundamentals of the eutrophication of lakes and flowing water with particular reference to nitrogen and phosphorus as factors in eutrophication. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Directorate for Scientific Affairs. Paris.
ID: 65423
Title: Biosorption Of Zinc From Industrial Wastewater Using Three Different Algal Species
Author: S. Kanchana and P. Sivaprakash
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (8) August. 21 page 924-930 2021.
Subject: Biosorption Of Zinc From Industrial Wastewater Using Three Different Algal Species
Keywords: Biosorption, Zinc(II), Chlorella, Volvox, Zygnema
Abstract: The heavy metals discharged into the water bodies are toxic to human beings and other life forms even at low concentrations. Biosorption of heavy metals using dried algal biomass can be an effective process for the removal of zinc ions from industrial wastewater. In this study, the batch removal of zinc ions from electroplating industrial wastewater using dried green algal species (Chlorella, Volvox and Zygnema) are investigated. The zinc uptake by biosorbents was dependent on the contact time, sorbent dosage, initial pH and the initial zinc ion concentration. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were fitted with the equilibrium data. The maximum zinc removal efficiency was found to be 84.7, 79.0 and 69.8% for Chlorella, Volvox and Zygnema, respectively. The zinc uptakes by the three algal species were best described by the Freundlich isotherm model. This study verified the possibility of using green algal species Chlorella, Volvox and Zygnema as valuable biosorbent materials for the removal of zinc from industrial wastewater.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Singh, J. and S. K. Ajay. 2011. Effects of heavy metals on soil, plants, human health and aquatic life. Int. J. Res. Chem. Env., 1(2): 15-21.
Ali, H., E. Khan and I. Ilahi. 2019. Environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology of hazardous heavy metals: Environmental persistence, toxicity and bioaccumulation. J. Chem., pp 1-14.
Literature cited 2: Singh, R., et al. 2011. Heavy metals and living systems: An overview. Indian J. Pharmacol., 43(3): 246-253.
Singh, S. M., et al. 2016. Heavy metals contamination in water and their hazardous effect on human health – A review. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci., 5(10): 759-766.
ID: 65422
Title: Experimental Study On Partial Replacement Of Fine Aggregate By Recycled Polypropylene Plastic Granules In Galvanized Iron Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Author: Nandhini E. and Manoj Kumaar C
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (8) August. 21 page 918-923 2021.
Subject: Experimental Study On Partial Replacement Of Fine Aggregate By Recycled Polypropylene Plastic Granules In Galvanized Iron Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Keywords: Galvanized iron wire fibre, Polypropylene plastic granules, Compression, Split tensile strength
Abstract: Plastic is used as a polymer substitute for natural materials. It has become an essential aspect of our lives and there was a considerable intensification in the production of plastic in the last few decades. This research aims to evaluate the possibility of using granulated plastic waste material to partially substitute for the fine aggregate in the concrete specimen. In this M30 grade, concrete design strength of mix ratio of 1:1.3:2.44 and 0.42 w/c ratio were used. Five different percentages (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) of recycled polypropylene plastic granules waste were used to replace the fine aggregate and in addition to this GI wire fibre, 2% by weight of concrete was added to improve the mechanical properties of concrete. GI wire fibre can be used as a low-cost alternative to steel fibre in concrete. The physical properties test was conducted on cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and plastic granules. The workability and density were improved by the addition of plastic granules. The compressive and split tensile strengths for the specimens were determined to find the optimum percentage of recycled polypropylene plastic (PP) granules. The test result revealed that the compressive strength increases upto 20% and tensile strength were increased by 10% compared to the normal concrete.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Chen, C.C., et al. 2015. Concrete mixture with plas tic as fine aggregate. International J. Adv. Mech. Civil Eng., 2(4): 49-53.
Balaji, K.V.G.D., T.K. Santosh and K.N. Gupta. 2019. Adoption of recycled HDPE plastic granules and waste crushed glass as a partial substitute of fine sand in concrete. Int. J. Eng. Adv. Tech., 8(5): 536-542.
Literature cited 2: Mohammed, A.A., I.I. Mohammed and S.A. Mohammed. 2019. Some properties of concrete with plastic aggregate derived from shredded PVC sheets. Construction Building Mater., 201: 232-245. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.12.145.
Bagde, S. 2017. Performance of fiber reinforced concrete from recycled pet plastic waste- A study review. Int. J. Res. Appl. Sci. Eng. Tech., V(IV): 1140-1146. DOI: 10.22214/ijraset.2017.4203.