ID: 57963
Title: Effective use of elephant dung activated carbon for the removal of acid blue 92 from aqueous solution
Author: C Theivarasu and S Chandra
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Elephant dung, adsorption, acid blue 92, kinetics, thermodynamics
Abstract: Elephant Dung Activated Carbon (EDAC) was effectively used as an adsorbent for the removal of Acid blue 92 (AB 92) from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to study the effect of contact time, initial dye concentration, temperature and pH. Pseudo first order, Pseudo second order and Elovich models were applied to the experimental data to describe the kinetics of adsorption. It was found that the adsorption kinetics had a better fit with Pseudo second order kinetic model. Mechanism of the kinetics was explained by conducting intraparticle diffusion studies. Thermodynamic parameters like change in free energy (?G), change in entropy (?S) and change in enthalpy (?H) were also calculated which showed that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57962
Title: Physico-chemical status and primary productivity of Gauripada lake- Kalyan city, Maharashtra, India
Author: G K Amte and Tejali A Gore
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Physico-chemical parameters, primary productivity, seasonal variation, pisciculture
Abstract: The paper deals with hydrobiological studies of Gauripada Lake with special reference to physico-chemical characteristics for the period of 12 months (2009-10). Six parameters were obseved throughout the study period. From the present investigation, it can be concluded that water is suitable for pisciculture.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57961
Title: Comparative study on heavy metals in the sediments of Osman sagar lake and Noor-Mohd Kunta lake of Hyderabad, Andhrapradesh, India
Author: B Jeemuta Vahana, P Yadagiri Swamy, Ravi Shankar Piska and P Sharath Kumar
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Sediment quality, Osman Sagar lake, Noor-Mohd Kunta lake, Hyderabad, heavymetals
Abstract: The Noor-Mohd Kunta, located in the Industrial Development Area kattedan and Osman sagar lake is located in Gandipet village Rajendra nagar mandal of Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh. The Noor-Mohd kunta lake is mainly receiving untreated/partially treated industrial effluents from industries located in IDA, Kattedan and domestic sewage effluents from nearby areas. The Osman sagar lake is located about 20 km away from the city and it is a fresh water body serving as a drinking water source to the twin cities i.e., Hyderabad and Secunderabad. Sediments have been collected from both the lakes and heavy metals were analysed for the period of one year from January 2010 to December 2010. The analysis results indicating that, heavy metals in the sedimetns of Noor-Mohd kunta lake are many fold increased level of studied elements concentrations in comparison with relatively non polluted Osman sagar lake.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57960
Title: Dispersion model of suspended particulate matters (SPM) in high traffic zones of Jabalpur city, India
Author: R K Srivastava and Rajasree Sarkar
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Gaussian Dispersion Model, High Traffic Zone, SPM
Abstract: Air pollution is an undesirable addition to the atmosphere of substance called air pollutants, which, when present in the atmosphere in sufficient quantities, may become injurious to human beings or other living creatures, plants or property or which may otherwise interfere with the quality of life. Motor vehicles have been closely identified iwth increasing air pollution levels in urban centers of the world. The object of the dispersion model is to relate mathematically the effects of source emissions on ground level concentrations, and to establish that permissible levels are, or are not, being exceeded. In this paper the SPM concentration due to vehicular emissions in the vicinity of the selected high traffic zones of the Jabalpur city has been estimated using Gaussian Dispersion Model during day and night time. All the seasons and the annual average of them have been taken into consideration.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57959
Title: Studies to determine the treatability of domestic wastewater by using sequential batch reactor (SBR) and to standardise the reactor parameters
Author: R Loganathan, K Rasappan, M Isaac Solomon Jebamani and M Johsson Naveen Kumar
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Seqeuncing Batch Reactor (SBR), laboratory scale-SBR, organic carbon removal, domestic wastewater, parameters
Abstract: A lab-scale aerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) was investigated to treat the domestic wastewater. The reactor was constructed from Plexi glass material and its volume was 22 litres. The reactor was supplied with oxygen by fine bubble air diffuser. The reactor was fed with the domestic wastewater collected from the sewer line for the Hostel of Coimbatore Institute of Technology. The study was conducted to determine the treatability of domestic wastewater by SBR and to evaluate (standardise) the kinetic parameters such as total cycle time, temperature and aeration rate for carbonaceous constituents removal efficiency. The results of the study indicated that the effective reduction of influent parameters were achieved within 6 hours of total cycle time, 330C Temperature, 7.50 pH and at an aeration rate of 6 L/min. The removal efficiency of carbonaceous constituents (BOD, COD & TSS) was achieved more than 90%. Easy operation, low cost and minimal sludge bulking condition make the SBR system an interesting option for the biological treatment of domestic wastewater. SBR is a time based treatment technology as compared to the conventional area based activated sludge processes.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57958
Title: Assessment of HCH residues in water samples of Palakkad district, Kerala, India
Author: V R Dhanya, P T A Usha, A R Nisha, C B Vineetha and V J Ajaykumar
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Organochlorine pesticides, HCH, Gas Chromatograph
Abstract: Organochlorine pesticides are ubiquitous and persistent organic pollutants used widely throughout the world. The present study was therefore undertaken to assess the level of HCH residues in water bodies from Pudussery and Perumatty panchayath of Palakkad district, Kerala. Total mean HCH in the water samples (ppm) from study area 3.611 x 10-4 + 1.425 x 10-4. The levels of HCH residues in water samples from the study area were below the Maximum residue limit as per EEC limits.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57957
Title: Toxic effects of Dursban, an organophosphate insecticide, on survival and alterations of organic constituents in teleost fish Poecilia latipinna (Pisces: Poeciliidae)
Author: Dipti Dey, Saili Paul and Bibhas Guha
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Dursban, insecticide, fish, toxicity, organic constituents
Abstract: Ninety-six-hour static bioassays were conducted in the laboratory to determine lethal concentrations of Dursban for the teleost fish Poecilia latipinna and alterations in organic constituents in some vital organs of the fish exposed to LC50 dose of the insecticide. 96 h LC50 value of Dursban was found to be 0.988 ?l/L. The insecticide at this dose exhibited significant increase in activities of cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase of muscle, liver and gill tissues of the fish as compared to control at different exposure time, viz., 6h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h and 7 days. The increase in activities showed a linear relationship with the exposure time against suitable control and reached a peak at 7 days exposure. On the contrary, the amount of total protein content appeared to be lowered for all the tissues at the same exposure time against control. It was concluded that Dursban altered the organic constituents of fish which resulted in cell damage and finally the death of fishes.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57956
Title: Study on diversity and quantitative characteristics of macrophyte of Kapla beel, a tropical flood plain wetland in Assam
Author: R M Deka, B K Baruah and J Kalita
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Kapla beel, macrophytes, ecological index
Abstract: This paper presents diversity and quantitative characteristics of macrophytes of Kapla beel. The macrophyte community comprised of 36 species belong to 24 families and showed seasonal fluctuation in their composition. The quantitative characteristics of macropytes include Relative Freqeuncy in the range of 3.04-5.26%, Relative Denstiy in the range of 2.93-5.26% and Relative Abundance was found in the range of 2.58-3.24. Among ecological indices Margalef ' s index was found in the range of 3.97-6.17, Shannon index was found in the range of 2.58-3.24 and Hill evenness index was ranging from 0.85-0.96.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57955
Title: Physico-chemical parameters, parametric ratios and correlation coefficients of well waters of South-west coast of Kerala, India
Author: G Achuthan Nair, M Prasanth, S R Krishnapriya and B Sukumar
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Correlation coefficient, parametric ratio, physico-chemical factors, South-west coast of Kerala, Tsunami, water quality, well water
Abstract: Analysis of twenty two physico-chemical parameters of well water samples from 12 stations of south-west coast of Kerala, India, were carried out during the monsoon, 2009 and pre-monsoon 2010 seasons. Some of the stations selected were affected by 2004 Asian Tsunami. The mean values of each parameter of all the stations together with their standard deviation (SD) and standard error (SE) were calculated. To assess the quality of well water, the values of each parameter was compared with the standard desirable limit of that parameter in drinking water. The concentrations of salinity, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chromium, lead, mercury, iron, cadmium and manganese exceeded the permissible limits set for them in drinking water and the possible reasons for the excess were described. Prametric ratios of 18 water parameters of water with that of hardness of water showed that all parameters studied except those of pH, copper, lead, iron and nitrate originated from sources different from that of hardness. A systematic calculation was made to determine the correlation coefficient ' r ' amongst the parameters. The results revealed that out of the 253 correlations tabulated between two parameters, 71 were found to have significant correlations and among them 26 correlations were significant at 5% level, 28 at 1% level and 17 at 0.1% level. Forty two correlations had inverse relationships. The importance of the study from the point of view of water quality is discussed.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57954
Title: Multivariate statistical study on evaluation of water quality of Vaigai river Tamilnadu, India
Author: P Kanchana Mala, S Srisudha and P Gunasekaran
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Correlation, multivariate statistics, principal component analysis, Vaigal river, water quality index
Abstract: Vaigal river flows in the southern part of India. The historic city of Madurai in TamilNadu is located on the banks of this river. Modernization and industrialization in its neighbourhood in the recent past have greatly influenced the water quality. The impact of the urbanization activity on the water qualtiy of Vaigai River was assessed in terms of physico-chemical parameters (pH, temperature, alkalinity, chloride, dissolved oxygen, BOD, COD, TS, TDS, inorganic phosphorus, nitrate, chlorophyll a and phycobilins) in the four selected sampling stations along the run way of Vaigai River in Madurai city, during August 2008 to July 2009. All the datasets were subjected to Pearson ' s correlation coefficient analysis and test of significance at 1% and 5% level. Multivariate statistical, Bray-Curtis cluster and principal component analysis was applied to datasets to reveal the relationship among study sites. Water Quality Index (WQI) exceeded the limit of 100, which indicated that the samples from Vaigai river sites were not suitable for public consumption, propagation of wild life, fish culture and can be used for irrigation purposes only.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57953
Title: Biosorption of nickel (II) and chromium (III) ions from aqueous solutions by sludge
Author: Ahmad Ashfaq
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Biosorption, equilibrium and kinetics, isotherms Models, thermodynamics
Abstract: The equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters have been studied for the removal of Ni(II) and Cr(III) ions from dilute aqueous solution onto dried sludge, generated from brewery plant. The optimum biosorption conditions were obtained at temperature and biomass concentration of 250C and 1.0 mg/L respectively. Isotherm models namely Langmuir and Freundlich were analyzed for the applicability of the experimental data. The maximum biosorption capacity for Ni(II) and Cr(III) ions were obtained as 29.74 and 36.48 mg/g of the biosorbent applied. It was also found that biosorption of heavy metals ions followed second-order kinetics. An increase of temperature from 150C to 400C enhanced the biosorption of the ions slightly.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57952
Title: A need for organic farming practices to control pollution in water, soil and environment
Author: K Guruswamy and K Balanaga Gurunathan
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Polluted water, polluted soil, contamination, organic farming and conventional farming
Abstract: The paper presents various data to prove that global demand for organically grown food is increasing and the benefits of organic farming like better environmental, health and pollution control.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57951
Title: The evaluation of various sources of pollution in Nagpur city, Maharashtra, India and suggestions to control it
Author: R N Deshmukh and N A Tambe
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Sources, control, noise, air, water , pollution
Abstract: The paper describes various sources of pollution in a fast growing city, Nagpur, India and how the growth in infrastructure and construction activities has made the life miserable for its inhabitants.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57950
Title: A preliminary dose and time dependent study on Trapa natans dried fruit powder extract as coagulant - Flocculent for turbid water treatment
Author: Varsha Patale, Jay Pandya and Kalpesh Mehta
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Coagulant, Trapa natans, Flocculation, Kaolin, Turbidity
Abstract: Lab scale experiments were conducted to investigate the efficiency of powder extract isolated from the fruits of Trapa natans (also known as Singoda, Singada) as flocculent for the treatment of turbid water samples containing synthetic turbidity of kaolin. Jar test expeiments at optimum pH and time were carried out for 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 (NTU) levels of turbidity in the flocculent dose range, of 0.1 mg, 0.2 mg, 0.4 mg, 0.8 mg, 1.2 mg, 1.6 mg and 2.0 mg/L. The flocculation efficiency of Trapa natans fruit dried powder at different turbidity levels and the effects of flocculent dose on percent removal of turbidity are reported. At all the experimental turbidity levels, the increased flocculent dose increased the percentage of turbidity removal upto a certain level, beyond which further increase in dosage showed a decreasing trend in the removal. The optimum dose of the flocculent in the present study was found to be 0.8 mg/L. Trapa natans dried powder has higher efficiency in removing high turbidity in comparision with low turbidity. Highest turbidity removal (88%) was obtained with very high i.e., 100 NTU initial turbidity. The dried powder of Trapa natans fruit is an ecofriendly and low cost anionic polysaccharide capable of reducing suspended particles helps in lowering turbidity of water/wastewater through flocculation process.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 57949
Title: Assessment of air pollution in industrial areas- A case study
Author: S Harinath and Usha N Murthy
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2012
Publisher: EM International, Vol 31 (4), 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Air pollution, industrial ara, Bengaluru
Abstract: The air quality monitoring sutdy has been carried in industrial areas of Bengaluru city for about three important parameters for the specific perid and analyzed as per standards. It is observed that most of the samples are violating the Central Pollution Control Board, India (CPCB) norms.
Location: TE 15, Biological Science Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None